Method for segmental abandonment of rise or main roadway in continuous underground coal resource mining

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of coal mining, and particularly to a method for segmental abandonment of the upcast or main roadway in the continuous mining of underground coal resources. In combination with the limitations of the recovery of the coal pillars between the existing underground mining working faces and the protective coal pillars on both sides of the upcast and the main roadway, a method for segmental abandonment of the upcast or the main roadway within the underground mining range is proposed to maximize the utilization value of the roadway while achieving complete pillarless mining within the mining area. In this method, the return air and haulage main roadways are used as the mining roadways, and two methods, namely the staggered floor inner-offset method or the roof cutting and pressure relief automatic roadway formation method, are adopted for the lap between the working faces. According to the characteristics of the central parallel ventilation shaft, the track upcast in the mining area working face is segmentally abandoned as the working face alternates. This method realizes complete pillarless mining within the mining area, improves the coal recovery rate; the minefield adopts the central parallel ventilation mode, and the track upcast can be segmentally abandoned as the working face alternates, further saving the roadway maintenance cost and maximizing the utilization efficiency of the underground roadway.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of coal mining, and particularly to a method for segmental abandonment of uphill or main roadway in continuous underground coal resource mining. Background Art

[0002] At present, the mine fields in China are mainly divided into districts or belts. When arranging working faces in mining districts or belts, at least 20 - 40 m of protective coal pillars need to be reserved between uphill roads and on both sides of the main roadway. If the common downward mining method in mining districts or the retreating mining method in belts is adopted, it is difficult to completely recover the protective coal pillars between uphill roads and on both sides of the main roadway, resulting in certain coal losses. Even if the upward mining method in mining districts or the advancing mining method in belts is adopted, the protective coal pillars on both sides of the uphill or main roadway can only be recovered after the last working face has been mined, but this method is not universal.

[0003] At the same time, the conventional working face roadways in mining districts or belts are arranged at the same horizon. Generally, about 20 m of sectional coal pillars need to be reserved between working faces. These roadway - protecting coal pillars are regarded as permanently lost coal pillars, resulting in a large amount of coal resource losses in the mining district.

[0004] In summary, in underground mining, coal losses include the coal pillars lost between working faces, on both sides of the uphill or main roadway, and between the uphill or main roadways. However, the problems in underground mining are not limited to the recovery rate. When the working face advances towards the uphill or main roadway, a withdrawal passage needs to be arranged at the outer end of the protective coal pillar on the side of the uphill or main roadway close to the working face. Common methods include enlarging the roadway side, single - withdrawal passage and double - withdrawal passage. Among them, the double - withdrawal passage is the most advanced, that is, two roadways parallel to the working face are dug along the outer end of the protective coal pillar. The distance between the two roadways is generally about 20 m, and a connecting roadway is arranged every 30 - 50 m between the two roadways. After the working face advances to the outer withdrawal passage, equipment withdrawal is carried out, and multi - point withdrawal is carried out using the two withdrawal passages and their connecting roadways. Generally speaking, the withdrawal of mine equipment takes a long time, and the withdrawal passage needs to be deployed in advance, increasing the roadway engineering volume.

[0005] In summary, in shaft - mine mining, there are protective coal pillars for the main roadway or uphill, sectional coal pillars for working faces. When the working face advances to the outer end of the protective coal pillar, a withdrawal passage needs to be arranged, increasing the shaft - roadway engineering volume and the moving - time. More importantly, the remaining coal pillars, as stress carriers, affect the surrounding shaft - roadway engineering, especially forming high stress in adjacent coal seams. This situation is extremely likely to cause dynamic disaster problems represented by rock bursts. Therefore, based on solving the above problems, during the working - face mining, the surrounding shaft - roadways are used as mining roadways and withdrawal passages, without leaving coal pillars on the side and advancing direction of the working face, to achieve pillar - free penetration. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above technical problems, the object of the present invention is to propose a method for segmental abandonment of the rise or main roadway in the continuous mining of underground coal resources according to the characteristics of the air shaft layout of the central parallel type mine, that is, located in the advancing direction of the working face, so as to solve the technical limitation problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] The method for segmental abandonment of the rise or main roadway in the continuous mining of underground coal resources includes the following processes:

[0009] a. According to the general mining mode of the mine field division, use the haulage roadway and the return airway to circle the stages within the mine field. Within the stage, use two or three rises to circle the goaf area. Use the return airway as the return airway of the first mining working face. On the other side, drive the haulage roadway along the coal seam roof, which also serves as the intake airway. Connect the haulage roadway and the return airway to form the open-off cut and prepare for mining;

[0010] b. When the working face advances forward for coal mining and a goaf is formed behind the working face, at this time, the return airway section on the goaf side can be processed according to the position of the air shaft. The mine adopts the central parallel ventilation mode, and the air shaft is located in front of the advancing working face. The goaf section of the return airway can be directly abandoned;

[0011] c. When the working face advances to the last coal mining area, that is, when entering the final mining stage, starting from the influence of the advanced abutment pressure on the nearest rise, adopt measures to adjust the advancing speed of the working face, control the mining height and reinforce the final mining technology of the rise to avoid damage to the rise roadway;

[0012] d. When the working face is in the final mining stage, do not leave a coal pillar for protecting the rise and do not set up a special withdrawal roadway. Directly connect with the proximal rise. At the same time, extend the haulage roadway of the working face to the distal rise and finally connect;

[0013] e. After connection, on the return airway side of the working face, use the upper yard of the mining area and the extended haulage roadway at the lower end to continue advancing towards another rise. Build airtight walls on the abandoned return airway side and also build airtight walls on the pushed-through rise to block the air flow from flowing along the rise to the goaf side;

[0014] f. The working face is directly connected with another rise. After connection, stop mining. The equipment is directly moved using the equipment in the rise. Since the mine adopts the central parallel ventilation mode and the rise is used as the return air route, select to abandon in sections and build airtight walls to block the air flow from flowing along the rise to the goaf side;

[0015] g. The return airway of the second working face is arranged along the roof of the first mining face under the goaf of the haulage roadway. The layout method of the haulage roadway of the second working face is the same as that of the first mining face. After the two roadways are connected, mining is carried out, and the process is the same as steps c and d above. The upper yard in step e is adjusted to the second section yard accordingly;

[0016] h. The remaining working faces in the middle all repeat step g until the last working face. The return airway is the same as in step g. The main haulage roadway is directly used as the intake and haulage roadway of the last mining face. After the working face has passed, roof cutting and pressure relief roadway formation can be used to retain and continue to serve, or a wall can be built along the side of the main haulage roadway close to the last mining face in advance to achieve gob-side entry retaining.

[0017] According to the method of the present invention, preferably, it is applicable to the recovery work of the protective coal pillars between the district headings, the protective coal pillars on both sides of the main haulage roadway, and the protective coal pillars between the working faces, realizing the completely pillarless mining of underground coal resources continuously in time and space.

[0018] Specifically, in step a, according to the general mining mode of the mine field division, the stage within the mine field is circled by using the main haulage roadway and the return airway. Within the stage, the district scope is circled by using two or three headings. The return airway of the first mining face is formed by using the return airway. On the other side, a haulage roadway is driven along the coal seam roof, which also serves as the intake airway. The haulage roadway and the return airway are connected to form a cutting eye to prepare for mining.

[0019] In step b, as the working face advances for coal mining, a goaf is formed behind the working face. At this time, the return airway section on the goaf side of the return airway can be treated according to the air shaft. The mine adopts a central parallel ventilation method, and the air shaft is located in front of the advancing direction of the working face. The goaf section of the return airway can be directly abandoned.

[0020] In step c, when the working face advances to the last coal mining area, that is, when entering the last mining stage, starting from the influence of the advanced abutment pressure on the nearest heading, measures such as adjusting the advancing speed of the working face, controlling the mining height, and strengthening the last mining technology of the heading are taken to avoid damaging the heading.

[0021] In step d, no heading protection coal pillar is left in the last mining of the working face, and no special withdrawal roadway is set up. It is directly connected to the nearest heading. At the same time, the haulage roadway of the working face is extended to the far-end heading and finally connected.

[0022] In step e, after connection, the return airway side of the working face continues to advance towards another heading by using the upper yard of the district and the extended haulage roadway at the lower end. A sealed wall is built on the side of the abandoned return airway, and a sealed wall is also built on the passed heading to block the air flow from flowing along the heading to the goaf side.

[0023] In step f, the working face is directly connected to another upcast airway. After the connection, mining stops immediately, and the equipment is directly moved using the equipment in the upcast airway. Since the mine adopts the central parallel ventilation method and the upcast airway serves as the return air route, the upcast airway is selected to be scrapped in sections and sealed walls are built to block the air flow from flowing along the upcast airway to the goaf side.

[0024] In step g, the return airway of the second working face is arranged along the roof of the first mining working face and under the goaf of the haulage roadway. The layout method of the second working face's haulage roadway is the same as that of the first mining working face. After the two roadways are connected, mining is carried out, and its process is the same as that of the aforementioned steps c and d. The upper haulage yard in step e is adjusted to the second section haulage yard accordingly.

[0025] In step h, the remaining working faces in the middle all repeat step g until the last working face. The return airway is the same as that in step g. The main haulage roadway is directly used as the intake and haulage roadways of the last mining working face. After the working face has passed, roof cutting and pressure relief roadway formation can be adopted to retain and continue to serve, or a wall can be built along the side of the main haulage roadway close to the last mining working face in advance to achieve gob-side entry retaining.

[0026] According to the method of the present invention, preferably, it is applicable to the recovery work of the protective coal pillars between the district upcast airways, on both sides of the main haulage roadway, and between the working faces, realizing the completely pillarless mining of underground coal resources continuously in terms of time and space.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the method for segmental scrapping of upcast airways or main haulage roadways for continuous mining of underground coal resources provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0028] (1) The return main haulage roadway and the haulage main haulage roadway also serve as the mining roadways, saving the roadway engineering quantity; the haulage upcast airway is scrapped in sections as the working face alternates, reducing the roadway maintenance cost; due to the central parallel type of the mine shaft ventilation shaft, the track upcast airway can also be scrapped in sections as the working face alternates, without additional construction to maintain the roadway stability and increase the engineering quantity and cost, further reducing the roadway maintenance cost and reflecting the maximum utilization value of the roadway.

[0029] (2) Realize continuous mining within the underground mining area range. Within the district mining area, there are no protective coal pillars on both sides of the main haulage roadway, no protective coal pillars between the upcast airways, and no protective coal pillars between the working faces, completely realizing the complete pillarless within the mining area.

[0030] (3) The abutment pressure of the return airway of the subsequent working face is low. In the method of the present invention, the overlying is the caved gangue in the goaf, realizing the integration of continuous mining between working faces and overlying strata movement. The roadway load is small, avoiding the prominent phenomenon of stress concentration in the adjacent roadways of the subsequent working face; at the same time, improving the influence of the long-term high stress commonly existing in the upcast airways or main haulage roadways of underground coal mining in China, and pillarless connection, completely liberating the roadway engineering of this coal seam and adjacent coal seams. Description of the Drawings

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic layout diagram of the double retreat roadways at the end of the last working face in the existing mining area and the working face for recovering the upper mountain coal pillar.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the completely coal pillar-free mining technology for the continuous mining of underground coal resources in terms of time and space in the embodiment. Specific implementation manners

[0033] The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0034] In this embodiment, in the first step, according to the general mining mode of the mine field division, the stages within the mine field are circled by using the main haulage roadway and the return airway; within the stage, the mining area scope is circled by using two or three upcast shafts; the return airway of the first mining working face is used as the return airway, and on the other side, the haulage roadway is driven along the coal seam roof, which also serves as the intake airway, and the haulage roadway and the return airway are connected to form a cutting roadway to prepare for mining.

[0035] In the second step, as the working face advances forward for coal mining, a goaf is formed behind the working face. At this time, the return airway section on the goaf side can be treated according to the air shaft. The mine adopts the central parallel ventilation mode, and the air shaft is located in front of the advancing direction of the working face. The goaf section of the return airway can be directly abandoned.

[0036] In the third step, when the working face advances forward to the last coal mining area, that is, when entering the final mining stage, starting from the influence of the advanced abutment pressure on the nearest upcast shaft, measures such as adjusting the advancing speed of the working face, controlling the mining height and strengthening the final mining technology of the upcast shaft roadway are taken to avoid damaging the upcast shaft roadway.

[0037] In the fourth step, no upcast shaft protective coal pillar is left at the end of the working face, and no special retreat roadway is set up. Instead, it is directly connected to the proximal upcast shaft. At the same time, the haulage roadway of the working face is extended towards the distal upcast shaft until it is finally connected.

[0038] In the fifth step, after connection, on the return airway side of the working face, the upper yard of the mining area and the extended haulage roadway at the lower end are used to continue advancing towards another upcast shaft. A sealed wall is built on the side of the abandoned return airway, and a sealed wall is also built on the passed-upcast shaft to block the air flow from flowing along the upcast shaft towards the goaf side.

[0039] In the sixth step, the working face is directly connected to another upcast shaft. After connection, the mining stops immediately, and the equipment is directly moved using the equipment in the upcast shaft. Since the mine adopts the central parallel ventilation mode and the upcast shaft serves as the return air route, it is selected to be abandoned in sections and sealed walls are built to block the air flow from flowing along the upcast shaft towards the goaf side.

[0040] In the seventh step, the return air tunnel of the second working face is arranged along the roof of the first mining working face and the transport tunnel is arranged under the goaf. The layout of the transport tunnel of the second working face can be the same as that of the first mining working face. After the two tunnels are connected, mining is carried out. The process is the same as the third and fourth steps mentioned above. The upper parking lot in the sixth step can be adjusted to the second section parking lot accordingly.

[0041] In the eighth step, repeat the seventh step for the remaining working faces in the middle until the last working face. The return air tunnel is the same as the seventh step. The transport tunnel is directly used as the air inlet and transport tunnel for the last mining working face. After the working face is pushed through, the top can be cut and unloaded to form a tunnel to continue service, or a wall can be built in advance along the transport tunnel on the last mining side to achieve a tunnel left along the air.

Claims

1. Method for segmental abandonment of upcast or main roadway in continuous underground coal resource mining, Characterized in that, It includes the following processes: a. According to the general mining mode of well field division, use the main haulage roadway and the return airway to circle the stages within the well field. Within the stage, use two or three upcast shafts to circle the mining area. Use the return airway as the return airway of the first mining face. On the other side, drive the haulage roadway along the coal seam roof, which also serves as the intake airway. Connect the haulage roadway and the return airway to form a cutting eye and prepare for mining; b. As the working face advances forward for coal mining, a goaf is formed behind the working face. At this time, the return airway section on the goaf side can be processed according to the position of the air shaft. The mine adopts the central parallel ventilation mode, and the air shaft is located in front of the advancing working face. The goaf section of the return airway can be directly abandoned; c. When the working face advances to the last coal mining area, that is, when entering the final mining stage, starting from the influence of the advanced abutment pressure on the nearest upcast shaft, adopt measures such as adjusting the advancing speed of the working face, controlling the mining height, and reinforcing the final mining technology of the upcast roadway to avoid damaging the upcast roadway; d. Do not leave a coal pillar for protecting the upcast shaft at the end of mining of the working face, do not set a dedicated withdrawal roadway, and directly connect with the proximal upcast shaft. At the same time, extend the haulage roadway of the working face to the distal upcast shaft until it is finally connected; e. After connection, on the return airway side of the working face, use the upper yard of the mining area and the extended haulage roadway at the lower end to continue advancing towards another upcast shaft. Build a sealed wall on the abandoned return airway side, and also build a sealed wall on the pushed-through upcast shaft to block the air flow from flowing along the upcast shaft to the goaf side; f. The working face is directly connected with another upcast shaft. After connection, stop mining, and directly use the equipment in the upcast shaft for moving. Since the mine adopts the central parallel ventilation mode and the upcast shaft serves as the return airway, the upcast roadway can be selectively abandoned in sections and sealed walls can be built to block the air flow from flowing along the upcast shaft to the goaf side; g. The return airway of the second working face is arranged along the haulage roadway mined under the goaf of the haulage roadway arranged along the roof of the first mining face. The arrangement mode of the haulage roadway of the second working face is the same as that of the first mining face. After the two roadways are connected, carry out mining, and its process is the same as steps c and d above. The upper yard in step e is adjusted to the second section yard accordingly; h. The remaining working faces in the middle of the mining area all repeat step g until the last working face. The return airway is the same as in step g. Use the main haulage roadway directly as the intake and haulage roadways of the final mining working face. After the working face is pushed through, it can be reserved for continued service by using the roof cutting and pressure relief roadway formation, or the gob-side entry retaining of the main haulage roadway can be realized by building walls during mining.

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