An assembled charge cartridge for advanced cracking of shield tunnel blasting and a method of use thereof

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of blasting engineering. The present invention provides an assembled cartridge for advanced fracturing in shield tunnel blasting and a method for using the cartridge, comprising a standard cartridge, a connecting sleeve and a directional fixing mechanism. The number of the standard cartridges matches the number of the connecting sleeves. Two standard cartridges are connected by the connecting sleeve. The directional fixing mechanism is plugged into the unassembled end of the standard cartridge and fixed inside the blast hole by extending and clamping. The method is as follows: step S1, a blast hole setting step; S2, a step of assembling the assembled cartridge; S3, a directional release of the assembled cartridge. The present invention sets a standard cartridge and cooperates with the connection sleeve, so that the overall length of the cartridge can be controlled and adjusted by connecting the standard cartridges according to engineering needs. By adopting an elastic material to make a cylinder body and cooperating with an energy-gathering cover, the standard cartridge can change its own volume by deformation, so that the cartridge has extremely high versatility and practicality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of blasting engineering, and in particular relates to an assembled charge cartridge for advanced fracturing in shield tunnel blasting and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Tunnels are underground engineering structures and an important form of human development of underground space. As the size of my country's cities continues to expand and the urban population continues to increase, the demand for transportation facilities continues to increase. Tunnels play a vital role in solving urban traffic congestion and relieving traffic pressure.

[0003] The main tunneling methods include drilling and blasting, shield, cover and excavation, and immersed tube. Among them, the shield method has become the mainstream method for building various highway and subway tunnels in complex urban environments due to its safety, environmental protection, fast construction, and superior quality. However, during the tunneling process, shield construction often encounters alternating soft and hard composite bedrock or hard isolated rock geological conditions, which seriously affect the construction safety and operation efficiency of shield tunneling. The main manifestations are: (1) Difficulty in tunneling, with the cutterhead frequently stuck in hard rock; (2) The shield machine deviates from the designed route along the soft rock, and the tunneling posture is difficult to control; (3) The cutter and cutterhead are severely worn or even deformed.

[0004] At present, the main methods for dealing with composite protruding bedrock and hard boulders in shield tunnels are to open the cabin to break the rock manually, expose the overlying soil layer and drill and blast on the ground. Among them, the "ground drilling and micro-difference blasting" method can adapt to the blasting treatment of bedrock and boulders at different buried depths, but in the complex environment of the city, the ground buildings are densely packed and the underground pipelines are intertwined, which greatly limits the scope of application of the ground drilling and blasting method. Therefore, in order to avoid the disadvantages of the above-mentioned technology, it is necessary to drill horizontal holes based on the geological drill of the shield machine, load explosives from the heading face of the shield tunnel, realize the advance fracturing of the composite bedrock and hard boulders, and assist the shield machine in efficient excavation. Since it is necessary to open blastholes parallel to the ground, and the existing explosive packages cannot be positioned and fixed when put into the blastholes, the current existing charging cartridges are fixed in size and cannot be adjusted, and there is no structure for directional fixation. Therefore, when loading explosives, it is necessary to design a charging device suitable for parallel blastholes. The device needs to have an adjustable overall length and an adjustable charge amount, and needs to be able to be directional fixed in the blasthole, so that the implosion surface is aligned with the obstacle, thereby effectively realizing the obstacle clearance blasting, thereby achieving the purpose of advance fracturing of the shield tunnel blasting. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides an assembled charge cartridge for advanced fracturing of shield tunnel blasting and a method for using the same, which has the advantages of adjustable length through assembly connection, adjustable explosive fixing position, adjustable charge quantity, efficient energy-gathering blasting, directional fixed installation, etc., and can effectively solve the technical problems that the size of the existing charge device is fixed and cannot be adjusted according to the blasting object, and the charge device cannot be directional fixed after being put into the blasthole, thereby affecting the condensation effect, etc.

[0006] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0007] An assembled charge cartridge for advanced fracturing of shield tunnel blasting comprises a standard cartridge, a connecting sleeve and a directional fixing mechanism, wherein the number of the standard cartridges matches that of the connecting sleeves, two standard cartridges are connected by the connecting sleeves, and the directional fixing mechanism is plugged into the unassembled end of the standard cartridge and fixed inside the blast hole by extending and clamping;

[0008] The standard cartridge comprises a barrel and a plurality of energy-gathering covers, the cross section of the barrel presents a "C"-shaped structure, both side edges of the barrel opening are fixedly connected with expansion grooves along the length direction, the side of the barrel opposite to the opening is fixedly connected with an adjustment slide groove along the length direction, the middle of the adjustment slide groove is provided with an adjustment long hole, a plurality of nut members are clamped in the adjustment slide groove, and the plurality of nut members can slide in the adjustment slide groove, each of the nut members is threadedly connected with a shoulder bolt, one end of each shoulder bolt extends into the barrel through the adjustment long hole, and is fastened to the barrel after the position is adjusted by the nut member, two adjacent shoulder bolts form a group, and an explosive bag is arranged between them, and the explosive bag is positioned and fixed in the barrel by the two shoulder bolts;

[0009] The energy-gathering hood includes a hood body, which is hollow inside and has an open bottom structure, and a plurality of expansion edges are equidistantly arranged on the outer surface from the bottom upward, and the plurality of expansion edges decrease in size from bottom to top. The energy-gathering hood is clamped between the two expansion grooves at the opening of the cylinder through any one of the expansion edges. The cylinder is made of an elastic material and generates elastic deformation through the energy-gathering hood clamped at its opening.

[0010] Furthermore, the material of the connecting sleeve is the same as that of the cylinder body, and the cross-sectional shape of the connecting sleeve is a C-shaped opening structure. A blocking flange is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the connecting sleeve, and positioning protrusions are provided in the center of the top and bottom of the blocking flange. Positioning grooves are provided at both ends of the cylinder body corresponding to the positions of the positioning protrusions. One end of the cylinder body is inserted into the interior of one end of the connecting sleeve and the end face is tightly attached to one end of the blocking flange, and the positioning protrusion is clamped in the interior of the positioning groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the directional fixing mechanism includes a rubber sleeve, the top center of the rubber sleeve is fixedly connected to a mounting plate, the top center of the mounting plate is fixedly connected to one end of a sliding column, the other end of the sliding column is slidably connected to the inside of the base, a plurality of extension rods are evenly hinged on the top of the mounting plate, driving rods are hinged on the surface around the base and at the positions corresponding to each of the extension rods, the bottom end of the driving rod is hinged to the corresponding extension rod near the middle, a fixed ball head is fixedly connected to the top of the extension rod, and each of the extension rods can be driven to expand by pressing the base, and the inner wall of the borehole can be tensioned by each of the fixed ball heads, and a non-return structure is provided between the base and the sliding column for fixing the position of each of the expanded extension rods.

[0012] Furthermore, the anti-return structure includes a spring pin, which is fixedly installed on one side of the surrounding surface of the base and close to the bottom. One side of the sliding column is provided with a plurality of ratchets in sequence along the vertical direction. The pin shaft end of the spring pin is clamped between two adjacent ratchets to limit the sliding column to slide only toward the inside of the base and not to withdraw outward. A resistance spring is provided inside the base, and the two ends of the resistance spring are respectively fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the base and the top of the sliding column.

[0013] A method for using an assembled charge cartridge for advanced fracturing in shield tunnel blasting comprises the following specific steps:

[0014] Step S1, setting the blast hole,

[0015] When the shield machine encounters a composite bedrock or hard rock geological situation with alternating soft and hard layers during excavation, the location, size and depth of the obstacle are confirmed by surveying the obstructed surface, so as to design the blasthole location and horizontal hole depth for backup;

[0016] Step S2, assembling the assembled drug cartridge,

[0017] The amount of explosives is designed based on the survey data, and the required coverage length of the explosive package is designed, so as to determine the required length of the assembled cartridge and calculate the number of standard cartridges required;

[0018] Step S21: standard cartridge production.

[0019] By measuring the diameter of the explosive package obtained by the designed amount of explosive, the required elastic deformation of the cylinder is determined, so as to match the corresponding expansion edge set on the surface of the energy-gathering cover, and the energy-gathering cover is inserted between the two expansion grooves at the opening of the cylinder to make the cylinder volume match the volume of the explosive package. At the same time, the nut member together with the shoulder bolt is slid along the adjustment slide groove to the bottom of the cylinder to seal the bottom outlet, and then the explosive package is loaded, and a shoulder bolt is installed on the top of the explosive package in the same way. After adjusting the position of the explosive package in the cylinder by sliding, the cylinder is fastened and positioned by the shoulder bolt. According to the above steps, each explosive package required by the design is installed and positioned in turn, and the middle of each explosive package corresponds to an energy-gathering cover;

[0020] Step S22: standard cartridge assembly,

[0021] A designed number of standard cartridges are connected through a connecting sleeve, and a blocking flange is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the connecting sleeve, so as to unify the depth of the cylinder body inserted into the connecting sleeve, so that the connection part is equally stressed and firm, and positioning protrusions are provided at the top and bottom center of the blocking flange, and positioning grooves are provided at both ends of the cylinder body, so as to unify the implosion direction and prevent assembly errors, and finally, directional fixing mechanisms are installed at both ends of the assembly body, that is, the rubber ferrule is fixed on the unassembled end of the cylinder body, so as to complete the assembled cartridge;

[0022] Step S3: Directional delivery of assembled drug cartridges.

[0023] The base of the directional fixing mechanism at one end of the assembled cartridge is fixed by a rubber sleeve arranged at one end of a long rod, so that the assembled cartridge is pushed horizontally to the bottom of the borehole, and the implosion surface of the assembled cartridge is kept aligned with the fracturing point before and during the pushing process. When the assembled cartridge reaches the bottom of the borehole, it continues to be pushed by the long rod, so that the reaction force of the bottom wall of the borehole and the thrust of the long rod are used to squeeze the bases of the two groups of directional fixing mechanisms at the same time, so that the sliding column moves toward the inside of the base, so that each extension rod is pushed to unfold through each driving rod, and the borehole wall is tensioned through each fixed ball head, and the position of the extension rod is fixed by the anti-return mechanism in cooperation with the resistance spring, so as to realize the directional release and fixation of the assembled cartridge, and finally the fracturing blasting can be completed for the obstacle by connecting the lead wire.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. The present invention sets a standard cartridge and sets a connecting sleeve, so that the overall length of the cartridge can be controlled and adjusted by connecting the standard cartridges according to the engineering needs. The cylinder body is made of elastic material and the expansion edges of various sizes are set on the surface of the energy-gathering cover, so that the standard cartridge can change its own volume through deformation, so as to adjust the required amount of explosives to match different blasting objects, so that the cartridge has extremely high versatility and practicality.

[0026] 2. The present invention sets a directional fixing mechanism, so that when the cartridge is dropped, the extension rods of the directional fixing mechanism can be expanded by applying external force, and the inside of the blast hole can be tensioned by the fixed ball heads, so as to realize the directional fixation of the cartridge, effectively preventing the situation in which the implosion effect is poor due to the uncontrollable and unfixed position of the implosion surface of the cartridge dropped into the blast hole, thereby causing the failure of the obstacle clearance work. The positioning is accurate, the installation is firm and stable, and the implosion effect is significantly improved, which can effectively ensure the smooth completion of the obstacle clearance work.

[0027] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented according to the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional exploded structure of the assembled drug cartridge of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional exploded structure of the standard cartridge of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cylinder of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the full cross-sectional plan structure of the energy-gathering cover of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connecting sleeve of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the directional fixing mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a directional fixing mechanism of the present invention;

[0037] Fig. 9 The figure is a flow chart of the method for using the present invention.

[0038] Description of reference numerals:

[0039] 1. Standard cartridge; 11. Cylinder body; 111. Adjustment slot; 112. Adjustment slide; 113. Positioning slot; 114. Expansion slot; 12. Energy-gathering hood; 121. hood body; 122. Expansion ridge; 13. Nut; 14. Explosive pack; 15. Shoulder bolt; 2. Connecting sleeve; 21. Blocking flange; 22. Positioning bump; 3. Directional fixing mechanism; 31. Rubber ferrule; 32. Mounting plate; 33. Sliding column; 331. Ratchet; 34. Spring pin; 35. Drive rod; 36. Extension rod; 37. Fixed ball head; 38. Base; 39. Resistance spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0043] Example

[0044] Specific as Figure 1-8 Provided is an assembled cartridge for advanced fracturing of shield tunnel blasting, comprising a standard cartridge 1, a connecting sleeve 2 and a directional fixing mechanism 3, wherein the number of the standard cartridges 1 matches the number of the connecting sleeves 2, two standard cartridges 1 are connected by the connecting sleeve 2, the directional fixing mechanism 3 is plugged into the unassembled end of the standard cartridge 1, and is fixed inside the blast hole by stretching and clamping;

[0045] The standard cartridge 1 comprises a barrel 11 and a plurality of energy-gathering covers 12. The cross section of the barrel 11 is in a "C"-shaped structure. The edges of both sides of the opening of the barrel 11 are fixedly connected with expansion grooves 114 along the length direction. An adjusting slot 112 is fixedly connected with one side of the barrel 11 opposite to the opening along the length direction. An adjusting slot 112 is provided in the middle of the adjusting slot 112. A plurality of nut members 13 are clamped in the adjusting slot 112. The plurality of nut members 13 can slide in the adjusting slot 112. Each nut member 13 is threadedly connected with a shoulder bolt 15. One end of each shoulder bolt 15 extends into the barrel 11 through the adjusting slot 111, and is fastened to the barrel 11 after adjusting the position through the nut member 13. Two adjacent shoulder bolts 15 form a group, and an explosive bag 14 is arranged between them. The explosive bag 14 is positioned and fixed in the barrel 11 by two shoulder bolts 15.

[0046] The energy-gathering hood 12 includes a hood body 121, which is hollow inside and has an open bottom structure, and a plurality of expansion edges 122 are equidistantly arranged on the outer surface from the bottom upward, and the plurality of expansion edges 122 decrease in size from bottom to top. The energy-gathering hood 12 is clamped between two expansion grooves 114 at the opening of the cylinder 11 through any one of the expansion edges 122. The cylinder 11 is made of an elastic material and generates elastic deformation through the energy-gathering hood 12 clamped at its opening.

[0047] Specific as Figure 3-5 As shown, by providing a connectable and combined standard cartridge 1 and a connecting sleeve 2, the present cartridge can be assembled with the standard cartridge 1 according to actual needs, so that the present cartridge meets the length and charge required by the blasting design. At the same time, in order to meet the actual needs of different diameters of the explosive pack 14 due to different explosive amounts at the detonation point, the barrel 11 is designed to be a "C"-shaped structure with one side open, and is made of elastic materials, such as elastic metal or plastic materials, etc., by providing expansion edges 122 of different sizes on the surface of the energy-gathering cover, and the expansion edges 122 are matched with the expansion grooves 114 provided at the opening of the barrel 11. When the energy-gathering cover is inserted into the opening of the barrel 11, the barrel 11 can be deformed by the size of the expansion edges 122, so as to adapt to the explosive packs 14 of different sizes and charges for filling, thereby increasing the versatility and practicality of the present cartridge and the charging flexibility;

[0048] At the same time, an adjusting groove 112 is provided on the back of the cylinder 11, and a nut member 13 is provided in the adjusting groove 112, and the position of the nut member 13 is adjusted and the shoulder bolt 15 is threadedly connected, so that the explosive pack 14 is clamped and restricted between the two shoulder bolts 15, and the shoulder bolt 15 is fastened to the cylinder 11 to position the explosive pack 14 inside the cylinder 11 according to the design requirements. The adjustment is flexible, convenient, simple and quick, which improves the efficiency of blasting preparation work, and the positioning is accurate, which is conducive to improving the blasting accuracy and thus improving the blasting efficiency.

[0049] The material of the connecting sleeve 2 is the same as that of the cylinder 11. The cross-sectional shape of the connecting sleeve 2 is a C-shaped opening structure. A blocking flange 21 is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 2. Positioning protrusions 22 are provided in the center of the top and bottom of the blocking flange 21. Positioning grooves 113 are provided at both ends of the cylinder 11 corresponding to the positions of the positioning protrusions 22. One end of the cylinder 11 is inserted into the interior of one end of the connecting sleeve 2 and the end face is tightly attached to one end of the blocking flange 21. The positioning protrusion 22 is snapped into the interior of the positioning groove 113. Figure 6 As shown, by arranging a blocking flange 21 and a positioning protrusion 22 in the middle of the connecting sleeve 2, and correspondingly arranging positioning grooves 113 at both ends of the cylinder 11, it is effectively prevented that during the assembly process of the standard cartridge 1, the implosion surface is assembled incorrectly due to the negligence of the staff, resulting in an unsatisfactory implosion effect, thereby effectively ensuring the correctness of the assembly and ensuring the smooth progress of the fracturing blasting operation.

[0050] The directional fixing mechanism 3 includes a rubber sleeve 31, and a mounting plate 32 is fixedly connected to the top center of the rubber sleeve 31. The top center of the mounting plate 32 is fixedly connected to one end of a sliding column 33, and the other end of the sliding column 33 is slidably connected to the inside of the base 38. A plurality of extension rods 36 are evenly hinged on the top of the mounting plate 32. A driving rod 35 is hinged on the surface around the base 38 and at the position corresponding to each extension rod 36. The bottom end of the driving rod 35 is hinged to the corresponding extension rod 36 near the middle. A fixed ball head 37 is fixedly connected to the top of the extension rod 36. By pressing the base 38, each extension rod 36 can be driven to expand, and the inner wall of the borehole can be tensioned by each fixed ball head 37. A non-return structure is provided between the base 38 and the sliding column 33 to fix the position of each expanded extension rod 36.

[0051] Specific as Figure 7-8 As shown, by squeezing the base 38 of the directional fixing mechanism 3, the sliding column 33 moves toward the inside of the base 38, thereby pushing each extension rod 36 to unfold through each driving rod 35, and tightening the borehole wall through each fixed ball head 37, and fixing the position of the extension rod 36 through the anti-return mechanism and the resistance spring 39.

[0052] The anti-return structure includes a spring pin 34, which is fixedly installed on one side of the surface of the base 38 and close to the bottom. One side of the sliding column 33 is sequentially provided with a plurality of ratchet teeth 331 in the vertical direction. The pin end of the spring pin 34 is clamped between two adjacent ratchet teeth 331 to limit the sliding column 33 from sliding into the base 38 and not withdrawing outward. The base 38 is provided with a resisting spring 39, and the two ends of the resisting spring 39 are respectively fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the base 38 and the top of the sliding column 33. A row of ratchet teeth 331 is provided on one side, and cooperates with the limit of the spring pin 34, so as to limit the sliding column 33 to slide only into the base 38 and not to withdraw outward, and locks the position of the sliding column 33 by the external force applied by the resisting spring 39, thereby fixing the position of each extension rod 36, and thereby tightening the inner wall of the borehole through each fixed ball head 37, so as to realize the directional fixation of the assembled charge cartridge, so that the implosion surface of the charge cartridge can be accurately aligned with the fracturing point position for blasting, thereby ensuring the smooth completion of the implosion operation and improving the fracturing blasting effect.

[0053] Another instant noodle, such as Fig. 9 As shown, the present invention provides a method for using an assembled charge cartridge for advanced fracturing in shield tunnel blasting, comprising the following specific steps:

[0054] Step S1, setting the blast hole,

[0055] When the shield machine encounters a composite bedrock or hard rock geological situation with alternating soft and hard layers during excavation, the location, size and depth of the obstacle are confirmed by surveying the obstructed surface, so as to design the blasthole location and horizontal hole depth for backup;

[0056] Step S2, assembling the assembled drug cartridge,

[0057] The amount of explosives is designed through survey data, and the required coverage length of the explosive package 14 is designed, so as to determine the required length of the assembled cartridge and calculate the number of standard cartridges 1 required;

[0058] Step S21: manufacturing a standard cartridge 1.

[0059] By measuring the diameter of the explosive pack 14 obtained by the designed amount of explosives, the required elastic deformation of the cylinder 11 is determined, so as to match the corresponding expansion ridges 122 set on the surface of the energy-gathering cover 12, and the energy-gathering cover 12 is inserted between the two expansion grooves 114 at the opening of the cylinder 11, so that the volume of the cylinder 11 matches the volume of the explosive pack 14. At the same time, the nut 13 together with the shoulder bolt 15 are slid along the adjustment slide groove 112 to the bottom of the cylinder 11 to seal the bottom outlet, and then the explosive pack 14 is loaded, and a shoulder bolt 15 is installed on the top of the explosive pack 14 in the same way. After the position of the explosive pack 14 in the cylinder 11 is adjusted by sliding, the cylinder 11 is fastened and positioned by the shoulder bolt. According to the above steps, each explosive pack 14 required by the design is installed and positioned in turn, and the middle part of each explosive pack 14 corresponds to an energy-gathering cover 12;

[0060] Step S22: assembling the standard cartridge 1.

[0061] A designed number of standard cartridges 1 are connected through a connecting sleeve 2. A blocking flange 21 is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 2, so as to unify the depth of the cylinder 11 inserted into the connecting sleeve 2, so that the connection part is equally stressed and firm. Positioning protrusions 22 are provided at the top and bottom center of the blocking flange 21, and positioning grooves 113 are provided at both ends of the cylinder 11, so as to unify the implosion direction and prevent assembly errors. Finally, a directional fixing mechanism 3 is installed at both ends of the assembly, that is, a rubber ferrule 31 is fixedly sleeved on the unassembled end of the cylinder 11, so as to complete the assembled cartridge;

[0062] Step S3: Directional delivery of assembled drug cartridges.

[0063] The base 38 of the directional fixing mechanism 3 at one end of the assembled cartridge is fixed by a rubber sleeve arranged at one end of the casting rod, so that the assembled cartridge is pushed horizontally to the bottom of the blast hole, and the implosion surface of the assembled cartridge is kept aligned with the fracturing point before and during the pushing process. When the assembled cartridge reaches the bottom of the blast hole, it continues to be pushed by the casting rod, so that the reaction force of the bottom wall of the blast hole and the thrust of the casting rod squeeze the base 38 of the two groups of directional fixing mechanisms 3 at the same time, so that the sliding column 33 moves toward the inside of the base 38, so that the extension rods 36 are pushed to unfold by the driving rods 35, and the blast hole wall is tensioned by the fixed ball heads 37, and the position of the extension rods 36 is fixed by the anti-return mechanism in cooperation with the resistance spring 39, so that the directional casting and fixing of the assembled cartridge is realized, and finally the fracturing blasting can be completed for the obstacle by connecting the lead wire.

[0064] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the disclosed process is an example of an exemplary method. Based on design preferences, it should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the process can be rearranged without departing from the scope of protection of the present disclosure. The attached method claims present the elements of the various steps in an exemplary order and are not intended to be limited to a specific order or hierarchy.

[0065] In the above detailed description, various features are grouped together in a single embodiment to simplify the disclosure. This method of disclosure should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the embodiments of the claimed subject matter require more features than are clearly stated in each claim. On the contrary, as reflected in the appended claims, the invention is in a state of having less than all the features of the disclosed individual embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are hereby expressly incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0066] The above description includes examples of one or more embodiments. Of course, it is impossible to describe all possible combinations of components or methods for the purpose of describing the above embodiments, but it should be recognized by those skilled in the art that the various embodiments may be further combined and arranged. Therefore, the embodiments described herein are intended to cover all such changes, modifications and variations that fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims. In addition, with respect to the term "comprising" used in the specification or claims, the word is covered in a manner similar to the term "including", just as "including," is explained as a transitional word in the claims. In addition, any term "or" used in the specification of the claims is intended to mean "non-exclusive or".

Claims

1. An assembled charge cartridge for advanced fracturing in shield tunnel blasting, characterized in that: It comprises a standard cartridge, a connecting sleeve and a directional fixing mechanism, wherein the number of the standard cartridge matches that of the connecting sleeve, two standard cartridges are connected through the connecting sleeve, and the directional fixing mechanism is plugged into the unassembled end of the standard cartridge and fixed inside the blast hole by extending and clamping; The standard cartridge comprises a barrel and a plurality of energy-gathering covers, the cross section of the barrel presents a "C"-shaped structure, both side edges of the barrel opening are fixedly connected with expansion grooves along the length direction, the side of the barrel facing the opening is fixedly connected with an adjustment slot along the length direction, the middle of the adjustment slot is provided with an adjustment long hole, a plurality of nut members are clamped in the adjustment slot, and the plurality of nut members can slide in the adjustment slot, each of the nut members is threadedly connected with a shoulder bolt, one end of each shoulder bolt extends into the barrel through the adjustment long hole, and is fastened to the barrel after the position is adjusted by the nut member, two adjacent shoulder bolts form a group, and an explosive bag is arranged between them, and the explosive bag is positioned and fixed in the barrel by the two shoulder bolts; The energy-gathering hood includes a hood body, which is hollow inside and has an open bottom structure, and a plurality of expansion edges are equidistantly arranged on the outer surface from the bottom upward, and the plurality of expansion edges decrease in size from bottom to top. The energy-gathering hood is clamped between the two expansion grooves at the opening of the cylinder through any one of the expansion edges. The cylinder is made of an elastic material and generates elastic deformation through the energy-gathering hood clamped at its opening.

2. According to claim 1, the assembled charge cartridge for advanced fracturing of shield tunnel blasting is characterized by: The material of the connecting sleeve is the same as that of the cylinder body. The cross-sectional shape of the connecting sleeve is a C-shaped opening structure. A blocking flange is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the connecting sleeve. Positioning protrusions are provided in the center of the top and bottom of the blocking flange. Positioning grooves are provided at both ends of the cylinder body corresponding to the positions of the positioning protrusions. One end of the cylinder body is inserted into the interior of one end of the connecting sleeve and the end face is tightly attached to one end of the blocking flange. The positioning protrusion is clamped in the interior of the positioning groove.

3. The assembled charge cartridge for advanced fracturing by shield tunnel blasting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The directional fixing mechanism includes a rubber sleeve, a mounting plate is fixedly connected to the top center of the rubber sleeve, the top center of the mounting plate is fixedly connected to one end of a sliding column, the other end of the sliding column is slidably connected to the inside of the base, a plurality of extension rods are evenly hinged on the top of the mounting plate, driving rods are hinged on the surface around the base and at the positions corresponding to each of the extension rods, the bottom end of the driving rod is hinged to the corresponding extension rod near the middle, a fixed ball head is fixedly connected to the top of the extension rod, each of the extension rods can be driven to expand by pressing the base, and the inner wall of the borehole can be tensioned by each of the fixed ball heads, and a non-return structure is provided between the base and the sliding column for fixing the position of each of the expanded extension rods.

4. The assembled charge cartridge for advanced fracturing in shield tunnel blasting according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The anti-return structure includes a spring pin, which is fixedly installed on one side of the surrounding surface of the base and close to the bottom. One side of the sliding column is provided with a plurality of ratchets in sequence along the vertical direction. The pin shaft end of the spring pin is clamped between two adjacent ratchets to limit the sliding column to slide only toward the inside of the base and not to withdraw outward. A resistance spring is provided inside the base, and the two ends of the resistance spring are respectively fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the base and the top of the sliding column.

5. A method for using an assembled cartridge for pre-fracture of a shield tunnel by blasting, applied to the assembled cartridge for pre-fracture of a shield tunnel by blasting as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step S1, setting the blasthole, When the shield machine encounters a composite bedrock or hard rock geological situation with alternating soft and hard layers during excavation, the location, size and depth of the obstacle are confirmed by surveying the obstructed surface, so as to design the blasthole location and horizontal hole depth for backup; S2, assemble the assembled cartridge, The amount of explosives is designed based on the survey data, and the required coverage length of the explosive package is designed, so as to determine the required length of the assembled cartridge and calculate the number of standard cartridges required; Step S21: standard cartridge production. By measuring the diameter of the explosive package obtained by the designed amount of explosive, the required elastic deformation of the cylinder is determined, so as to match the corresponding expansion edge set on the surface of the energy-gathering cover, and the energy-gathering cover is inserted between the two expansion grooves at the opening of the cylinder to make the cylinder volume match the volume of the explosive package. At the same time, the nut member together with the shoulder bolt is slid along the adjustment slide groove to the bottom of the cylinder to seal the bottom outlet, and then the explosive package is loaded, and a shoulder bolt is installed on the top of the explosive package in the same way. After adjusting the position of the explosive package in the cylinder by sliding, the cylinder is fastened and positioned by the shoulder bolt. According to the above steps, each explosive package required by the design is installed and positioned in turn, and the middle of each explosive package corresponds to an energy-gathering cover; Step S22: Standard cartridge assembly, A designed number of standard cartridges are connected through a connecting sleeve, and a blocking flange is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the connecting sleeve, so as to unify the depth of the cylinder body inserted into the connecting sleeve, so that the connection part is equally stressed and firm, and positioning protrusions are provided at the top and bottom center of the blocking flange, and positioning grooves are provided at both ends of the cylinder body, so as to unify the implosion direction and prevent assembly errors, and finally, directional fixing mechanisms are installed at both ends of the assembly body, that is, the rubber ferrule is fixed on the unassembled end of the cylinder body, so as to complete the assembled cartridge; Step S3: Directional delivery of assembled drug cartridges. The base of the directional fixing mechanism at one end of the assembled cartridge is fixed by a rubber sleeve arranged at one end of a long rod, so that the assembled cartridge is pushed horizontally to the bottom of the borehole, and the implosion surface of the assembled cartridge is kept aligned with the fracturing point before and during the pushing process. When the assembled cartridge reaches the bottom of the borehole, it continues to be pushed by the long rod, so that the reaction force of the bottom wall of the borehole and the thrust of the long rod are used to squeeze the bases of the two groups of directional fixing mechanisms at the same time, so that the sliding column moves toward the inside of the base, so that each extension rod is pushed to unfold through each driving rod, and the borehole wall is tensioned through each fixed ball head, and the position of the extension rod is fixed by the anti-return mechanism in cooperation with the resistance spring, so as to realize the directional release and fixation of the assembled cartridge, and finally the fracturing blasting can be completed for the obstacle by connecting the lead wire.

Images