A communication method and device

Abstract

The embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and device for reducing the delay of beam scanning. Through this method, when beam detection is required for multiple set beams during the beam scanning process, the transmitting device only needs to send a single carrier signal once, and by controlling the working parameters of each basic unit in the RIS, the RIS can simultaneously reflect multiple harmonic beams with the same direction as the multiple set beams that need to be detected for the single carrier signal. In this way, the receiving device can simultaneously detect the signal quality of harmonic beams in multiple directions. Therefore, compared with the traditional beam polling process, this method can significantly reduce the delay of beam scanning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and device. Background Art

[0002] Beamforming is a signal preprocessing technology based on antenna arrays. Beamforming adjusts the weighting coefficients of each element in the antenna array to generate a directional beam, thereby enhancing the signal at certain angles and directions. Beamforming technology is widely used in various communication systems and communication scenarios, such as traditional mobile communication systems consisting of base stations and terminal devices, sidelink systems, and wireless fidelity (WiFi) systems.

[0003] Since each communication device supporting beamforming can generally manage multiple beams, a beam management mechanism is required between two communication devices supporting beamforming to establish and maintain a suitable beam pair to ensure signal transmission efficiency between the two devices.

[0004] Generally speaking, the existing beam management mechanism includes three parts: initial beam establishment, beam adjustment and beam failure recovery.

[0005] Beam scanning is an important step in the above beam management mechanism. At present, beam scanning is generally performed in a polling manner. Taking a communication system including communication device a and communication device b as an example, it specifically includes:

[0006] Communication device a sends a reference signal using each beam managed by communication device a in turn according to a set time interval, see Figure 1 As shown. Communication device b measures the signal quality of reference signals carried by different beams, generates a measurement report including the measurement results, and sends the measurement report to communication device a. Communication device a determines a suitable beam as the transmission beam of communication device a according to the measurement results.

[0007] However, the above beam scanning takes a long time to complete a round of beam scanning, which affects the steps of beam selection, measurement, switching, etc., and ultimately affects the efficiency of beam management. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present application provides a communication method and device for reducing the delay of beam scanning.

[0009] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which can be applied to a transmitting device that transmits a reference signal during a beam scanning process, hereinafter referred to as a first communication device, and a receiving device that receives the reference signal is recorded as a second communication device. The method comprises the following steps:

[0010] The first communication device sends a single carrier signal to a reconfigurable intelligent surface RIS, so that the RIS can reflect M harmonic beams when receiving the single carrier signal, wherein the M harmonic beams have the same amplitude, different directions and different carrier frequencies; the M harmonic beams correspond one-to-one to M set beams, any harmonic beam has the same direction as the corresponding set beam, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2; then, the first communication device receives a measurement report sent by the second communication device, the measurement report includes carrier frequency indication information, and the carrier frequency indication information is used to indicate the carrier frequency of a target harmonic beam among the M harmonic beams; finally, the first communication device can determine a target set beam corresponding to the carrier frequency of the target harmonic beam among the M set beams based on the correspondence between the carrier frequencies of multiple harmonic beams and the set beams that are saved.

[0011] Among them, the M set beams are the transmitting beams managed by the first communication device and need to be detected by the receiving device during this beam detection process.

[0012] In this way, the first communication device can determine the target set beam indicated by the carrier frequency indication information in the measurement report. In this method, since RIS cooperates to realize beam scanning, even if the transmitting device has only one RF link, it can control the change law of the reflection phase of the basic unit in RIS so that RIS can reflect multiple harmonic beams with set amplitudes and set directions to realize multi-beam control. Through this method, when beam detection is required for multiple set beams during the beam scanning process, the transmitting device only needs to send a single carrier signal once, and by controlling the working parameters of each basic unit in RIS, RIS can simultaneously reflect multiple harmonic beams with the same direction as the multiple set beams for the single carrier signal. In this way, the receiving device can simultaneously detect the signal quality of harmonic beams in multiple directions. Therefore, compared to the following examples, Figure 1 The traditional beam polling process shown in FIG. 1 can significantly reduce the delay of beam scanning. In addition, the harmonic beam is represented by the carrier frequency, which makes it easier for the receiving device to detect the signal quality of the harmonic beam and report the measurement results.

[0013] In one possible design, the carrier frequency of the single carrier signal is f c ; The carrier frequency of any one of the M harmonic beams is f c +sf0, s is an integer, and f0 is the phase configuration frequency of the RIS.

[0014] In one possible design, the carrier frequency f of the single carrier c is the carrier frequency of a subcarrier in the communication system, f0 is k times the subcarrier spacing SCS in the communication system, the carrier frequency of any harmonic beam is equal to the carrier frequency of a subcarrier in the communication system; the carrier frequency indication information is the identifier of the target subcarrier, and the carrier frequency of the target subcarrier is the same as the carrier frequency of the target harmonic beam.

[0015] Through this design, the carrier frequency of each harmonic beam is the same as the frequency of a subcarrier in the communication system, so the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam can be identified by the subcarrier. In other words, the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam can be mapped to a subcarrier in the communication system.

[0016] In a possible design, the RIS comprises a plurality of basic units; the method further comprises the following steps:

[0017] The first communication device determines the phase variation law of the reflection phase of each basic unit in the RIS according to the directions of the M set beams (including elevation angles and azimuth angles, etc.), the arrangement of each basic unit in the RIS, and the far-field radiation pattern of each basic unit and other information; and determines the control information of each basic unit according to the phase variation law of the reflection phase of each basic unit; wherein the control information of any basic unit is used to instruct the RIS to control the working parameters of the basic unit so that the reflection phase change of the basic unit conforms to the phase variation law of the reflection phase of the basic unit; finally, the first communication device sends a control instruction to the RIS, and the control instruction includes the control information of the multiple basic units.

[0018] Through this design, the first communication device can generate control instructions according to the M set beams, so that the RIS can control the reflection phase of each basic unit according to the control instructions, and then when a single carrier signal is transmitted to the RIS, the RIS can reflect M harmonic beams with consistent amplitude (intensity) and different directions.

[0019] In a possible design, each basic unit has multiple fixed reflection phases, and the control information of any basic unit is represented by digital coding; the control instruction is generated by space-time coding the control information of the multiple basic units.

[0020] In one possible design, the first communication device may obtain the correspondence between the carrier frequencies of the multiple harmonic beams and the set beam in the following manner:

[0021] Method 1: According to the directions of the M set beams and the arrangement of each basic unit in the RIS, the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam corresponding to each set beam is determined; according to the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam corresponding to each set beam, the corresponding relationship between the carrier frequencies of the multiple harmonic beams and the set beam is determined.

[0022] Method 2: receiving the correspondence between the carrier frequencies of the plurality of harmonic beams and the set beams sent by other devices (eg, the management device of the RIS).

[0023] Through this design, the first communication device can obtain the correspondence between the carrier frequencies of the multiple harmonic beams and the set beam, so that when it subsequently receives the measurement report from the second communication device, it can determine the target set beam based on the carrier frequency indicated by the carrier frequency indication information in the measurement report.

[0024] In one possible design, the measurement report also includes the signal quality of the target harmonic beam.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present application provides a communication method, which can be applied to Figure 3 The RIS in the application scenario shown, wherein the RIS includes multiple basic units. The method comprises the following steps:

[0026] The RIS receives a control instruction, wherein the control instruction includes control information of each basic unit, and the control information of any basic unit is used to instruct the RIS to control the working parameters of the basic unit so that the reflection phase change of the basic unit conforms to the set phase change law of the reflection phase of the basic unit; the RIS controls the working parameters of each basic unit according to the control information of each basic unit in the control instruction, so that the phase change of each basic unit conforms to the set phase change law of the reflection phase of the basic unit, so that the RIS can reflect M harmonic beams when receiving a single carrier signal sent by the first communication device.

[0027] The M harmonic beams have the same amplitude, different directions and different carrier frequencies; the M harmonic beams correspond one-to-one to the M set beams, and any harmonic beam has the same direction as the corresponding set beam. The M set beams are the transmission beams managed by the first communication device and need to be detected by the receiving device during this beam detection process.

[0028] In this method, since RIS cooperates to realize beam scanning, even if the transmitting device has only one RF link, it is possible to control the change law of the reflection phase of the basic unit in RIS so that RIS can reflect multiple harmonic beams with set amplitudes and set directions to realize multi-beam control. Through this method, when beam detection is required for multiple set beams during the beam scanning process, the transmitting device only needs to send a single carrier signal once, and by controlling the working parameters of each basic unit in RIS, RIS can simultaneously reflect multiple harmonic beams with the same direction as the multiple set beams for the single carrier signal. In this way, the receiving device can simultaneously detect the signal quality of harmonic beams in multiple directions. Therefore, compared to the following methods: Figure 1 The traditional beam polling process shown in the figure can significantly reduce the delay of beam scanning.

[0029] In one possible design, the carrier frequency of the single carrier signal is f c ; The carrier frequency of any one of the M harmonic beams is f c +sf0, s is an integer, and f0 is the phase configuration frequency of the RIS.

[0030] In one possible design, the carrier frequency f of the single carrier signal c is the carrier frequency of a subcarrier in the communication system to which the first communication device belongs, f0 is k times the subcarrier spacing SCS in the communication system, and the carrier frequency of any harmonic beam is equal to the carrier frequency of a subcarrier in the communication system.

[0031] Through this design, the carrier frequency of each harmonic beam is the same as the frequency of a subcarrier in the communication system, so the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam can be identified by the subcarrier. In other words, the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam can be mapped to a subcarrier in the communication system.

[0032] In a possible design, the phase variation rule of the reflection phase of each basic unit is determined according to the directions of the M set beams and the arrangement of each basic unit in the RIS.

[0033] In a possible design, each basic unit has multiple fixed reflection phases, and the control information of any basic unit is represented by digital coding; the control instruction is generated by space-time coding the control information of the multiple basic units.

[0034] In one possible design, receiving a control instruction includes:

[0035] The control instruction is received from the first communication device or the management device of the RIS.

[0036] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which can be applied to a receiving device that receives a reference signal during a beam scanning process, hereinafter referred to as a second communication device, and a transmitting device that transmits a reference signal is recorded as a first communication device. The method comprises the following steps:

[0037] After receiving the wireless signal, the second communication device determines the signal quality of the wireless signal on each of the set T carrier frequencies; wherein the T carrier frequencies include carrier frequencies of M harmonic beams; the M harmonic beams are formed by reflection when the reconfigurable intelligent surface RIS receives a single carrier signal sent by the first communication device; the M harmonic beams have the same amplitude, different directions and different carrier frequencies; the M harmonic beams correspond one-to-one to the M set beams, any harmonic beam has the same direction as the corresponding set beam, and T and M are integers greater than or equal to 2; according to the signal quality of the wireless signal on each of the T carrier frequencies, a measurement report is sent to the first communication device, the measurement report includes carrier frequency indication information, and the carrier frequency indication information is used to indicate the target carrier frequency, and the target carrier frequency is the carrier frequency that meets the set conditions among the T carrier frequencies.

[0038] The signal quality of the wireless signal on the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam is the signal quality of the harmonic beam. The M set beams are the transmission beams managed by the first communication device and need to be detected by the receiving device during this beam detection process.

[0039] In this method, since RIS cooperates to realize beam scanning, even if the transmitting device has only one RF link, it is possible to control the change law of the reflection phase of the basic unit in RIS so that RIS can reflect multiple harmonic beams with set amplitudes and set directions to realize multi-beam control. Through this method, when beam detection is required for multiple set beams during the beam scanning process, the transmitting device only needs to send a single carrier signal once, and by controlling the working parameters of each basic unit in RIS, RIS can simultaneously reflect multiple harmonic beams with the same direction as the multiple set beams for the single carrier signal. In this way, the receiving device can simultaneously detect the signal quality of harmonic beams in multiple directions. Therefore, compared to the following methods: Figure 1 The traditional beam polling process shown in FIG. 1 can significantly reduce the delay of beam scanning. In addition, the harmonic beam is represented by the carrier frequency, which makes it easier for the receiving device to detect the signal quality of the harmonic beam and report the measurement results.

[0040] In one possible design, the carrier frequency of the single carrier signal is f c ; Any one of the T carrier frequencies is f c +sf0, s is an integer, and f0 is the phase configuration frequency of the RIS.

[0041] In one possible design, the carrier frequency f of the single carrier c is the carrier frequency of a subcarrier in the communication system, f0 is k times the subcarrier spacing SCS in the communication system, any one of the T carrier frequencies is equal to the carrier frequency of a subcarrier in the communication system; the carrier frequency indication information is the identifier of the target subcarrier, and the carrier frequency of the target subcarrier is the same as the target carrier frequency.

[0042] Through this design, the carrier frequency of each harmonic beam is the same as the frequency of a subcarrier in the communication system, so the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam can be identified by the subcarrier. In other words, the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam can be mapped to a subcarrier in the communication system.

[0043] In one possible design, the target carrier frequency is the carrier frequency with the strongest signal quality among the T carrier frequencies; or

[0044] The target carrier frequency is a set reporting carrier frequency, and the set reporting carrier frequency is set by a user, or is set by the first communication device, or the set reporting carrier frequency includes carrier frequencies of the M harmonic beams.

[0045] Through this design, the second communication device can flexibly report the measurement report to the first communication device.

[0046] In one possible design, the measurement report also includes the signal quality of the wireless signal on the target carrier frequency.

[0047] In one possible design, the second communication device may determine the signal quality of the wireless signal on the set T carrier frequencies through the following steps:

[0048] The second communication device performs fast Fourier transform processing on the wireless signal to determine the signal quality of the wireless signal on each of the T carrier frequencies.

[0049] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, comprising a unit for executing each step in the above first aspect or third aspect.

[0050] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a RIS, comprising a plurality of basic units, and units or modules for executing each step in the second aspect above.

[0051] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, comprising at least one processing element and at least one storage element, wherein the at least one storage element is used to store programs and data, and the at least one processing element is used to execute the method provided in the first aspect or the third aspect of the present application.

[0052] In the seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, including a first communication device for executing the method provided in the first aspect of the present application, a RIS for executing the method provided in the second aspect of the present application, and a second communication device for executing the method provided in the third aspect of the present application.

[0053] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the method provided in any of the above aspects.

[0054] In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer storage medium, in which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer executes the method provided in any of the above aspects.

[0055] In the tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, which is used to read a computer program stored in a memory and execute the method provided in any of the above aspects.

[0056] In the eleventh aspect, the embodiment of the present application further provides a chip system, which includes a processor for supporting a computer device to implement the method provided in any of the above aspects. In a possible design, the chip system also includes a memory, which is used to store the necessary programs and data of the computer device. The chip system can be composed of a chip, or it can include a chip and other discrete devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a conventional beam scanning process;

[0058] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure and working principle of a RIS provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 3 An architectural diagram of an application scenario provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Figure 4A A schematic diagram of the structure of a RIS provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] Figure 4B A schematic diagram of the structure of another RIS provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a harmonic beam reflected by a RIS provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Figure 6 A flow chart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] Fig. 7A An example diagram of all set beams to be scanned in a beam scanning provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Figure 7B A schematic diagram of a beam scanning example provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] Figure 7C A schematic diagram of another beam scanning example provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Fig.7D A schematic diagram of another beam scanning example provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] Figure 8 A structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] Fig. 9 A structural diagram of a RIS provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] Fig.10 A structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] The present application provides a communication method and device for reducing the delay of beam scanning. The method and the device are based on the same technical concept. Since the method and the device solve the problem in a similar principle, the implementation of the device and the method can refer to each other, and the repeated parts will not be repeated.

[0072] Below, some terms in this application are explained to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.

[0073] 1) Communication equipment is a device with wireless communication function in a communication system supporting beamforming technology. The present application does not limit the physical form of the communication equipment. Optionally, the communication equipment may be a network device or a terminal device.

[0074] The network device is a device in a mobile communication system that connects a terminal device to a wireless network. As a node in a wireless access network, the network device can also be called a base station or a radio access network (RAN) node (or device).

[0075] At present, some examples of network devices are: a new generation of node B (generated node B, gNB), a transmission reception point (transmission reception point, TRP), an evolved node B (eNB), a radio network controller (radio network controller, RNC), a node B (Node B, NB), an access point (access point, AP) base station controller (base station controller, BSC), a base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), a home base station (for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), or a base band unit (base band unit, BBU), etc. In addition, in a network structure, the network device may include a centralized unit (centralized unit, CU) node and a distributed unit (distributed unit, DU) node. This structure splits the protocol layer of the network device, and the functions of some protocol layers are placed in the CU for centralized control, and the functions of the remaining part or all of the protocol layers are distributed in the DU, and the CU centrally controls the DU.

[0076] Terminal equipment is a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to users. Terminal equipment can also be called user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), terminal, etc.

[0077] For example, the terminal device may be a handheld device with wireless connection function, various vehicle-mounted devices, a roadside unit, etc. At present, some examples of terminal devices are: mobile phones, tablet computers, laptops, PDAs, mobile internet devices (MID), smart point of sale (POS), wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, head mount displays (HMD), wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, various smart meters (smart water meters, smart electricity meters, smart gas meters), eLTE-DSA UE, devices with integrated access and backhaul (IAB) capabilities, vehicle-mounted electronic control units (ECU), vehicle-mounted computers, vehicle-mounted cruise systems, telematics processors (telematics processors), etc. box, T-BOX) etc.

[0078] 2) Signal quality, which may include but is not limited to one or more of the following signal quality parameters:

[0079] Signal amplitude, signal strength, reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ).

[0080] 3) Single carrier signal: a signal generated by modulating one subcarrier.

[0081] 4) Multi-carrier modulation technology is a technology that modulates a signal onto multiple parallel sub-carriers for transmission. When the transceiver system of a communication device supports multi-carrier modulation technology, the transceiver system can also be called a multi-carrier system.

[0082] 5) Beam scanning is the process in which a transmitting device sends a reference signal through multiple set beams so that a receiving device can measure the signal quality corresponding to the beam, so that the transmitting device can determine the target beam based on the measurement results.

[0083] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present application, a round of beam scanning for multiple set beams requiring beam scanning can be completed through at least one beam detection, wherein one beam detection is a process of reporting a measurement result based on the signal quality corresponding to the beam measured by the receiving device.

[0084] 6) "and / or" describes the relationship between the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0085] It should be noted that the term "plurality" in this application refers to two or more than two, and "at least one" refers to one or more.

[0086] In addition, it should be understood that, in the description of this application, words such as "first" and "second" are only used for the purpose of distinguishing the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying an order.

[0087] The following first introduces the reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) involved in this application.

[0088] RIS is a digitally reconfigurable artificial electromagnetic surface, which is composed of a large number of sub-wavelength digitally reconfigurable basic units (also called RIS units) arranged in a certain macroscopic manner (periodic or non-periodic). Figure 2 As shown in (a) in the figure, the size and arrangement of its basic units can be arbitrarily designed, so RIS can break through the limitations of traditional materials that are difficult to precisely control at the atomic or molecular level, and construct new materials with extraordinary medium parameters that cannot be achieved by traditional materials and traditional technologies.

[0089] Compared with the surface of traditional materials, RIS has the ability to shape electromagnetic waves according to the generalized Snell's law. For example, the reflection angle of electromagnetic waves can be different from the incident angle, such as Figure 2 As shown in (a) and (b) in .

[0090] Therefore, by controlling the shaping parameters of the electromagnetic wave by RIS (such as reflection angle or refraction angle), the electromagnetic wave can be flexibly controlled. Among them, the control methods of RIS include: voltage control. For example, the basic unit in RIS is connected to a control device such as a diode (PIN diode, varactor diode, etc.), such as Figure 2 As shown in (a), in this way, different bias voltages are applied to the diode, so that the working parameters of the basic unit connected to it are different, thereby changing the working state of the basic unit, such as the reflection phase of the electromagnetic wave of RIS changes by 180°.

[0091] From the above characteristics of RIS, it can be seen that in order to achieve flexible control of electromagnetic waves, the working state distribution of the basic units in RIS can be changed to control the transmission characteristics of electromagnetic waves (including transmission direction, signal strength, signal amplitude, signal carrier frequency, signal phase, etc.).

[0092] In addition, due to its low cost, easy integration, low power consumption and flexible regulation, RIS has broad application prospects in the fields of communications, radar, stealth, etc. In the field of communications, RIS is often used in wireless networks. By using the reflection characteristics of RIS to reflect radio frequency signals (radio frequency signals are transmitted in the form of electromagnetic waves), the coverage and capacity of wireless networks can be improved; using the radiation characteristics of RIS, data can be directly modulated and sent, eliminating the mixing, amplification and other radio frequency front-end modules in traditional communication links, reducing power consumption and costs.

[0093] Based on this, in the field of communications, the characteristics of RIS can be used to control the working parameters of each basic unit, so that RIS can reflect multiple harmonic beams that meet the conditions. In this way, even a communication device with only a single RF link (i.e., one antenna) can use RIS to achieve multi-beam control, so RIS also has a broad application prospect in beamforming technology.

[0094] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0095] Figure 3 The following is a schematic diagram showing an application scenario in which the method provided in the embodiment of the present application is applicable. Figure 3 As shown, the application scenario includes: two communication devices (such as the first communication device and the second communication device in the figure) and a RIS.

[0096] The two communication devices can form a communication system supporting beamforming, and the two can establish a wireless communication connection to achieve wireless transmission. After beam management, the two communication devices can establish and maintain a suitable beam pair to transmit signals through the beam pair to achieve wireless transmission.

[0097] Among them, during a beam detection process in which the first communication device and the second communication device perform beam scanning, the first communication device can be used as a transmitting device and needs to send reference signals through multiple set beams respectively. The second communication device, as a receiving device, needs to measure the signal quality of each beam and obtain the measurement result; and send a measurement report carrying the measurement result to the first communication device. The multiple set beams are beams with known directions that need to be detected during this beam detection process, and the multiple set beams can be part or all of the beams that need to be detected during a round of beam scanning.

[0098] In various embodiments of the present application, the signal quality of any beam is the signal quality of a reference signal sent through the beam.

[0099] In the beam management process, the traditional beam scanning process adopts Figure 1 The beam polling method shown in the figure results in a long beam scanning delay, which affects the efficiency of beam management. Therefore, in order to reduce the delay of beam scanning, Figure 3 The application scenario shown also includes RIS.

[0100] In this way, during a beam detection process in beam scanning, the first communication device can send a single carrier signal; when the single carrier signal is transmitted to the RIS, the RIS can reflect multiple harmonic signals with the same amplitude (intensity) and different directions, such as Figure 3 The single carrier signal is a signal generated by modulating a reference signal through a subcarrier, and the single carrier signal can form a single carrier beam; the harmonic signal in each direction can form a harmonic beam.

[0101] Therefore, by controlling the working parameters of each basic unit in the RIS, the RIS can simultaneously reflect multiple harmonic beams with the same direction as the multiple set beams that need to be detected in this beam detection process. Since the multiple harmonic beams reflected by the RIS have the same amplitude (intensity) but different directions, this phenomenon is equivalent to the first communication device transmitting the reference signal through the multiple set beams.

[0102] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, the working parameters of each basic unit in the RIS can be controlled by the first communication device, or by user input, or by other management devices, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 The example in which the first communication device controls the working parameters of each basic unit in the RIS is used for explanation.

[0103] For example, Figure 3As shown, the first communication device and the RIS can be physically connected via a cable, so that the first communication device can send control information to the RIS to control the working parameters of each basic unit in the RIS in real time during the beam scanning process.

[0104] It is worth noting that the first communication device and the RIS may also communicate with each other (including sending control information to the RIS) in other ways, for example, through wireless communication technologies such as Bluetooth (BT), nearfield communication (NFC), infrared (IR), etc., which is not limited in the present application.

[0105] It should be understood that Figure 3 This is only an example of an application scenario applicable to the embodiment of the present application and is not a limitation. In another embodiment, the RIS can also be integrated into the first communication device to form an integrated RIS communication device. In this embodiment, the RIS is connected to the processor in the first communication device via a bus, and the processor controls the RIS via the bus. In another embodiment, the RIS can also be wirelessly connected or physically connected to a management device, so that the management device can control the RIS through the connection.

[0106] It should be noted that the communication system composed of the first communication device and the second communication device can be a traditional mobile communication system, or a sidelink system, a WiFi system, or other communication systems that support beamforming. It should be noted that in different communication systems, the first communication device and the second communication device may be expressed in different forms. For example, when the communication system is a mobile communication system, the first communication device may be a base station, and the second communication device may be a terminal device; or the first communication device may be a terminal device, and the second communication device may be a base station. For another example, in a WiFi system, the first communication device may be an access point, and the second communication device may be a terminal device; or the first communication device may be a terminal device, and the second communication device may be an access point.

[0107] Figure 4A FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a RIS provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4A As shown, the RIS includes: multiple basic units, multiple control devices, and a control module.

[0108] The basic unit is also called a RIS unit, and the RIS is composed according to a certain macroscopic arrangement. Each basic unit corresponds to a control device, and any control device is used to control the working parameters of the basic unit corresponding to the control device.

[0109] The control module is connected to each of the multiple control devices, and is used to receive a control instruction input by a user or sent by other devices, and sends a control signal to each control device according to the control information of each basic unit contained in the control instruction, so that each control device controls the working parameters of the basic unit corresponding to the control device according to the received control signal. In this way, the RIS can adjust the working parameters of each basic unit in the RIS according to the control instruction, and when a single carrier signal is transmitted to the RIS, the RIS can reflect multiple harmonic beams in set directions.

[0110] Figure 4B FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of another RIS provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4B As shown, the RIS includes: multiple basic units, multiple control devices, and multiple control modules. The functional description of the multiple basic units and the multiple control devices can be referred to Figure 4A The corresponding description in is not repeated here. Figure 4A The difference is that there are multiple control modules in the RIS, and each control module is connected to a control device. Each control module receives a control instruction input by a user or sent by other devices, wherein the control instruction received by each control module contains control information of a basic unit; the control information received by different control modules can be the same or different. Each control module sends a control signal to the control device connected to it according to the control information in the received control instruction, so that the control device controls the working parameters of the basic unit corresponding to the control device according to the received control signal, so that when a single carrier signal is transmitted to the RIS, the RIS can reflect multiple harmonic beams in set directions.

[0111] The working principle (the generation principle of harmonic beams) of RIS that can simultaneously reflect multiple harmonic beams in set directions is described below.

[0112] The change of the reflection phase of the basic unit in RIS can affect the phase and direction of the harmonic signal reflected by the basic unit. Therefore, by controlling the reflection phase of each basic unit in RIS, RIS can simultaneously reflect multiple harmonic beams with the same direction as multiple set beams.

[0113] The reflection phase of the basic unit refers to the phase change between the harmonic signal reflected by the basic unit and the received single carrier signal.

[0114] Any harmonic beam reflected by RIS is affected by multiple factors, such as the arrangement of the basic units in RIS, the far-field radiation pattern of each basic unit, etc.

[0115] Exemplarily, in a beam detection process in beam scanning, when the receiving device needs to perform beam detection on M set beams (with known directions), the RIS needs to reflect M harmonic beams with different directions, wherein the M set beams correspond one-to-one to the M harmonic beams, and the direction of each set beam is the same as the direction of its corresponding harmonic beam, and M is an integer greater than 1.

[0116] When the basic units of the RIS are evenly arranged in N1 rows and N2 columns, each row of basic units contains N2 basic units, and each column of basic units contains N1 basic units. The harmonic signal on the mth harmonic beam meets the following formula 1, where m is a positive integer less than or equal to M:

[0117]

[0118] In the above formula 1, represents the harmonic signal on the mth harmonic beam, θ is the elevation angle of the mth harmonic beam (i.e., the mth set beam), is the azimuth of the mth harmonic beam (i.e., the mth set beam), p is a positive integer less than or equal to N1, q is a positive integer less than or equal to N2, is the far-field radiation pattern of the (p,q)th basic unit, is the periodic function ω p,q (t) Fourier series coefficient, λ c is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, d x is the distance between two adjacent basic units in a row, d y is the distance between two adjacent basic units in a column.

[0119] Among them, ω p,q (t) is a periodic function that reflects the periodic change of the reflection phase of the (p,q)th basic unit over time. In a phase configuration period T0, it can be expressed as Formula 2:

[0120]

[0121] In Formula 2, L is the total number of times the reflection phase of the (p,q)th basic unit changes within a phase configuration period T0, l is a positive integer greater than or equal to L, is the reflection phase of the (p,q)th basic unit after the lth reflection phase change, δ(t) is the periodically changing pulse function, and its Fourier series expansion conforms to Formula 3:

[0122]

[0123] In formula 3, is the Fourier series, f0 is the phase configuration frequency, f0=1 / T0.

[0124] From the above description, it can be seen that after determining the M set beams that need to be detected (that is, determining the directions (elevation angles and azimuth angles) of the M set beams), the following process is performed for each set beam:

[0125] First, according to the direction (elevation and azimuth) of the set beam, ω is determined by formula 1 p,q The Fourier series coefficients of (t) Then according to By formula 2, the phase change function ω of each basic unit is determined p,q (t).

[0126] Obviously, after determining the phase change function of the basic unit for each set beam, the reflection phase of each basic unit in the RIS is controlled to change according to the corresponding phase change function, thereby changing its Fourier series coefficient In this way, after the single carrier signal is transmitted to the RIS, the RIS can reflect a harmonic beam having the same direction as the set beam.

[0127] In summary, after determining the M set beams that need beam scanning, the phase change function of the reflection phase of each basic unit in the RIS can be determined according to the directions of the M set beams, and the change of the reflection phase of each basic unit can be controlled according to the phase change function of each basic unit, so that the RIS can eventually simultaneously reflect M harmonic beams with the same directions as the M set beams. The M harmonic beams have different directions but the same amplitudes.

[0128] The phase change function of any basic unit can represent the change law of the reflection phase of the basic unit, that is, the change law of the working parameters of the basic unit. Therefore, the control information of the basic unit can be generated according to the phase change function of the basic unit, so that the reflection phase of the basic unit changes according to the phase change function.

[0129] Therefore, after determining the phase change function of each basic unit, the control information of the basic unit can be generated according to the phase change function of each basic unit. In addition, according to the different structures of RIS, the control information of each basic unit can be sent to RIS in different ways.

[0130] In a first embodiment, the structure of RIS is as follows Figure 4AAs shown. In this embodiment, a user or other device (e.g., a first communication device in a communication system) sends a control instruction carrying control information of all basic units to a control module in the RIS. In this way, the control module can send a control signal to each control device according to the control information of each basic unit contained in the control instruction, so that each control device controls the working parameters of the basic unit corresponding to the control device according to the received control signal, and finally controls the reflection phase of each basic unit to change according to the phase change function of the basic unit. In this way, when a single carrier signal is transmitted to the RIS, the RIS can simultaneously reflect multiple harmonic beams in set directions.

[0131] In a second embodiment, the structure of the RIS is as follows Figure 4B As shown. In this embodiment, a user or other device (e.g., a first communication device in a communication system) sends a control instruction containing control information of each basic unit to each control module respectively. Each control module sends a control signal to a control device connected to it according to the control information in the received control instruction, so that the control device controls the working parameters of the basic unit corresponding to the control device according to the received control signal, and finally controls the reflection phase of each basic unit to change according to the phase change function of the basic unit. In this way, when a single carrier signal is transmitted to the RIS, the RIS can simultaneously reflect multiple harmonic beams in set directions.

[0132] For RIS, each basic unit has several fixed reflection phases. Each basic unit can be switched between different reflection phases through control information. Therefore, in an embodiment of the present application, the control information of each basic unit can be obtained by digital coding (such as binary coding). Exemplarily, when each basic unit has two reflection phases, ω0 and ω1, the value of the reflection phase of a basic unit in a phase change can be represented by 1 bit. For example, a 1-bit value of "0" indicates that the reflection phase of a basic unit needs to be adjusted to ω0; and a bit value of "1" indicates that the reflection phase of the basic unit needs to be adjusted to ω1. In this way, the control information of each basic unit used to indicate the reflection phase change law of each basic unit in a time period can be represented by a bit sequence.

[0133] Since the configuration of the reflection phase of each basic unit has a periodic characteristic (i.e., the phase configuration period T0), a bit sequence can be generated according to the value of the reflection phase at different times, and the bit sequence can be made to have a periodic characteristic. Then, the embodiment of the present application can generate control instructions through space-time coding technology.

[0134] For example, RIS contains 4 basic units. In one phase configuration cycle T0, the reflection phase of each basic unit changes at most 3 times. Each basic unit has two reflection phases, ω0 and ω1, and the bit value "0" indicates that the reflection phase of the basic unit needs to be adjusted to ω0; and the bit value "1" indicates that the reflection phase of the basic unit needs to be adjusted to ω1. Therefore, the control instruction generated by space-time coding technology can be represented by the following bit sequence: 010 001 100110.

[0135] Among them, the first field 010 in the bit sequence indicates that the reflection phase change of the first basic unit in the phase configuration period T0 is ω0-ω1-ω0; the second field 001 in the bit sequence indicates that the reflection phase change of the second basic unit in the phase configuration period T0 is ω0-ω0-ω1; the third field 100 in the bit sequence indicates that the reflection phase change of the third basic unit in the phase configuration period T0 is ω1-ω0-ω0; the fourth field 110 in the bit sequence indicates that the reflection phase change of the fourth basic unit in the phase configuration period T0 is ω1-ω1-ω0.

[0136] In addition, unlike the beams managed by traditional communication equipment, the carrier frequencies of the multiple harmonic beams reflected simultaneously by the RIS are different. The carrier frequencies of the harmonic beams with the same direction as each set beam can also be determined through the above formulas 1 to 3 and the generation principle of the harmonic beam. Therefore, each set beam (including direction and identification) corresponds to the carrier frequency of a harmonic beam.

[0137] For example, when the carrier frequency is f c A single carrier signal (consisting of subcarrier f c When a single carrier signal generated by modulation is transmitted to the RIS, since the reflection phase of each basic unit in the RIS changes periodically and the phase configuration frequency is f0, the RIS reflects multiple harmonic signals, and different harmonic signals have different directions and carrier frequencies. The carrier frequencies of the multiple harmonic signals are f c +sf0, as shown in the above formula 3, s is an integer belonging to (-∞, +∞). That is, the carrier frequency of the multiple harmonic signals reflected by RIS can be f c 、f c ±f0, f c ±2f0……, see Figure 5 This phenomenon can be similar to the case where the carrier frequency is f c The signal with carrier frequency sf0 is mixed to generate a signal with carrier frequency f c Multiple signals of ±sf0.

[0138] It should be noted that the specific value of the carrier frequency of each harmonic signal (i.e., f cThe specific value of s in +sf0) is determined by the direction of the harmonic signal (that is, the direction of a certain set beam), which will not be repeated here.

[0139] Since the reflected harmonic signals have different carrier frequencies and directions, each harmonic signal forms a harmonic beam, and thus the carrier frequencies and directions of different harmonic beams are also different.

[0140] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, since RIS can simultaneously reflect multiple harmonic beams based on a single carrier signal, these harmonic beams have different directions, but some traditional information used to distinguish harmonic beams, such as amplitude, carried reference signal, and time of generation of the harmonic beams, are the same. This results in the receiving device being unable to identify different harmonic beams by traditional means.

[0141] In the embodiment of the present application, since different harmonic beams have different carrier frequencies, in order to facilitate the receiving device to identify and recognize different harmonic beams, the receiving device can identify the harmonic beam by its carrier frequency, making it easier and simpler for the receiving device to detect the signal quality of the harmonic beam and report the measurement results. c , the phase configuration frequency f0 needs to be configured to the receiving device in advance, so that the receiving device can determine that the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam reflected by the RIS is f c +sf0, see Figure 5 Thus, after receiving the wireless signal, the receiving device can determine the location of the wireless signal according to the wireless signal. c The signal quality of each carrier frequency in +sf0 is measured to obtain the measurement result, and the measurement result is reported to the transmitting device.

[0142] Among them, the signal quality of the wireless signal on each carrier frequency, that is, the signal quality of multiple harmonic beams.

[0143] In one possible implementation, when the phase configuration frequency f0 is k times the subcarrier spacing (SCS) in the communication system (subcarrier spacing is represented by Δf later), that is, f0=kΔf, then the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam is f c +skΔf. Where k is a positive integer, in this case Therefore, the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam is the same as the frequency of the subcarrier in the communication system, and the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam can be identified by the subcarrier. In other words, the harmonic beam can be mapped to a subcarrier in the communication system.

[0144] In the fifth generation (5 thIn the 5G generation (5G) communication system, subcarrier spacings of 15Khz, 30Khz, 60Khz, 120Khz, and 240Khz are supported. The relationship between the subcarrier spacing and the phase configuration frequency f0 can be shown in Table 1 below.

[0145] Table 1 Relationship between subcarrier spacing and phase configuration frequency f0

[0146]

[0147]

[0148] For example, the subcarrier spacing Δf configured in the communication system is 15Khz, f0 is set to 30Khz, that is, k = 2. The transmitting device uses a carrier frequency of f c The reference signal is modulated by the nth subcarrier to obtain a single carrier signal. Then the carrier frequency is f c The harmonic beam (assuming it is the mth harmonic beam) corresponds to a carrier frequency of f c The nth subcarrier (indicated by n) of the corresponding beam is the mth set beam (indicated by m) among the M set beams that need to be detected during one beamforming process; the carrier frequency is f c The harmonic beam of +f0 (assuming it is the m+1th harmonic beam) corresponds to a carrier frequency of f c +f0's n+2th subcarrier (indicated by n+2)... Wherein, m is a positive integer less than or equal to M, and M is an integer greater than 1.

[0149] For example, when f0=kΔf, the carrier frequency of each harmonic beam is actually equal to the carrier frequency of the corresponding subcarrier, and the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam can be identified by the subcarrier. In each beam detection process, the corresponding relationship between the carrier frequency (or subcarrier) of the harmonic beam and the set beam can be shown in Table 2.

[0150] Table 2 Mapping relationship between the carrier frequency (or subcarrier) of the harmonic beam and the set beam

[0151] Carrier frequency of harmonic beam subcarrier Setting the beam (harmonic beam) …… …… …… <![CDATA[f c -2f0=f c -2kΔf]]> n-2k m-2 <![CDATA[f c -f0=f c -kΔf]]> n m-1 <![CDATA[f c ]]> n m <![CDATA[f c +f0=f c +kΔf]]> n+k m+1 <![CDATA[f c +2f0=f c +2kΔf]]> n+2k m+2 …… …… ……

[0152] Optionally, in Table 2, one item of the carrier frequency and subcarrier of the harmonic beam may be retained.

[0153] For example, when f0 is not equal to an integer multiple of Δf, the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam cannot be identified by the subcarrier. Therefore, in each beam detection process, the correspondence between the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam and the set beam can be as shown in Table 3.

[0154] Table 3 Mapping relationship between the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam and the set beam

[0155]

[0156]

[0157] based on Figure 3 Based on the application scenario shown in FIG. 1 and the working principle of RIS being able to simultaneously reflect multiple harmonic beams in a set direction, the present application embodiment provides a communication method. The method can be applied to various communication systems supporting beamforming technology, and is also applicable to, for example, Figure 3 In addition, for the convenience of distinction and description, in this embodiment, the transmitting device that transmits the reference signal during the beam scanning process in the communication system is recorded as the first communication device, and the receiving device that receives the reference signal is recorded as the second communication device. Figure 6 The flowchart shown is a detailed description of the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0158] S601: In a communication system supporting beamforming technology, when a first communication device and a second communication device perform a beam detection process of beam scanning, if beam detection needs to be performed on M set beams, M is an integer greater than 1. The first communication device sends a single carrier signal to the RIS, and the carrier frequency of the single carrier signal is f c .

[0159] The M set beams are the transmitting beams managed by the first communication device and need to be detected by the receiving device during this beam detection process.

[0160] Wherein, the carrier frequency f of the single carrier signal c It can be specified by the protocol, configured by the user, or pre-agreed by the first communication device and the second communication device. The single carrier signal is the first communication device transmitting the signal through the nth subcarrier (the subcarrier is identified by n and the carrier frequency is f) in the communication system. c ) modulates the reference signal to generate a signal. The beam formed by the transmission of the single carrier signal can be called a single carrier beam.

[0161] Optionally, the first communication device may send the single carrier signal in, but is not limited to, the following manner:

[0162] Mode 1: A single carrier feed source is provided in the first communication device, and the first communication device can send the single carrier signal through the single carrier feed source.

[0163] Method 2: When the transceiver system in the first communication device is a multi-carrier system that supports multi-carrier modulation technology, the first communication device can keep the data corresponding to one subcarrier and set the data corresponding to other subcarriers to zero when sending the reference signal through the transceiver system without changing the hardware. In this way, the reference signal is modulated by one subcarrier through the transceiver system to generate a single-carrier signal. The reserved subcarrier is the nth subcarrier in the communication system (the subcarrier identifier is n and the carrier frequency is f c ).

[0164] S602: The RIS receives a control instruction, and controls the working parameters of each basic unit in the RIS according to the control instruction, thereby controlling the reflection phase of each basic unit. When the single carrier signal is transmitted to the RIS, the RIS can reflect M harmonic beams with the same amplitude (intensity) and different directions. The M harmonic beams have the same direction as the M set beams.

[0165] In this step, since the M harmonic beams reflected by the RIS have the same amplitude (intensity) but different directions, this phenomenon is equivalent to the first communication device transmitting a reference signal through the M set beams.

[0166] From the above description of the working principle of RIS reflecting harmonic beams, it can be known that when the directions of the M set beams (including elevation and azimuth), the arrangement of the basic units in the RIS, and the far-field radiation pattern of each basic unit and other information are known, the phase change function of the reflection phase of each basic unit in the RIS can be derived and determined. When the change of the reflection phase of each basic unit is controlled according to the phase change function of each basic unit, the RIS can eventually simultaneously reflect M harmonic beams containing the same direction as the M set beams. The M harmonic beams have different directions but the same amplitude. The specific derivation process can refer to the above description of the working principle and will not be repeated here.

[0167] Therefore, in this step, the control instruction includes control information of each basic unit, wherein the control information of any basic unit is used to represent the phase change function of the basic unit, or the control information of any basic unit is determined according to the phase change function of the basic unit.

[0168] In the embodiment of the present application, the control instruction can be sent in a variety of ways depending on the structure of the RIS:

[0169] In one embodiment, the structure of the RIS is as follows Figure 4AAs shown, one control module controls the control devices of all basic units. In this embodiment, the control instruction contains the control information of all basic units. The process of the control module of the RIS receiving the control instruction and the process of the control module controlling the reflection phase of each basic unit according to the control instruction can be referred to in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4A In addition, since the control instruction contains control information of all basic units, and the configuration of the reflection phase of each basic unit has a periodic feature, the control instruction can be a bit sequence generated by space-time coding technology.

[0170] In another embodiment, the structure of the RIS is as follows Figure 4B As shown, the RIS includes multiple control modules, which respectively control the control devices of each basic unit. In this embodiment, the number of the control instructions is multiple, and each control instruction respectively includes the control information of a basic unit. The process of each control module of the RIS receiving the control instruction respectively, and the process of each control module controlling the reflection phase of a basic unit according to the received control instruction can refer to the process of each control module receiving the control instruction respectively. Figure 4B The description is not repeated here.

[0171] Optionally, in this step, the control instruction may be input by a user, or sent by the first communication device, or sent by a management device, which is not limited in this application.

[0172] It should be noted that, from the above description of the working principle of the RIS reflecting the harmonic beam, it can be seen that the carrier frequencies of the M harmonic beams reflected by the RIS are different, namely, f c +sf0, s is an integer belonging to (-∞, +∞). In the process of deriving the phase change function of the reflection phase of each basic unit in the RIS according to the M set beams, the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam with the same direction as each set beam can also be determined. Therefore, the first communication device stores the corresponding relationship between the M set beams and the carrier frequencies of the harmonic beams, so that the beam can be determined later by the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam.

[0173] S603: The second communication device receives a wireless signal and determines based on the wireless signal that c The signal quality on each carrier frequency in +sf0 is used to generate measurement results.

[0174] Since in S603, the RIS reflects M harmonic beams at the same time, and the carrier frequency of each harmonic beam is different, the wireless signal received by the second communication device is superimposed with signals on multiple carrier frequencies. Although the amplitudes of the M harmonic beams are consistent, due to the complexity of the signal transmission environment and the relative position of the second communication device and the RIS (first communication device), the harmonic signals on different harmonic beams may produce different degrees of signal attenuation. Therefore, the signal quality on different carrier frequencies in the wireless signal received by the second communication device is different.

[0175] In the embodiment of the present application, the signal quality of the wireless signal on each carrier frequency is the signal quality of each harmonic beam.

[0176] In this step, the second communication device may process the received wireless signal to obtain c For example, the second communication device may perform a Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) on the wireless signal to determine the signal quality of each carrier frequency in f c +The signal amplitude (or signal strength) at each carrier frequency in sf0.

[0177] Optionally, in a first implementation manner, the second communication device obtains c After measuring the signal quality of each carrier frequency in sf0, the carrier frequency with the strongest signal quality is selected. Then, the measurement result generated by the second communication device may be the carrier frequency with the strongest signal quality. Optionally, the measurement result may also include the signal quality on the carrier frequency.

[0178] In a second embodiment, the measurement result generated by the second communication device may also include signal qualities at multiple set carrier frequencies. Exemplarily, the multiple set carrier frequencies may include f c +af0, a is an integer belonging to (-A, +A), and A is a positive integer. Optionally, A can be 1, 2, 3 or 4. For another example, similar to the control instruction, the multiple set carrier frequencies are set by the user, or sent by the first communication device, or sent by the management device, and the multiple set carrier frequencies include the carrier frequencies of the M harmonic beams.

[0179] Optionally, when the phase configuration frequency f0 is k times the SCS (expressed by Δf) in the communication system, that is, f0=kΔf, then the carrier frequency of each harmonic beam is f c +skΔf. Where k is a positive integer, in this case Therefore, the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam is the same as the frequency of the subcarrier in the communication system, and the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam can be identified by the subcarrier. In other words, the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam can be mapped to a subcarrier in the communication system, as shown in Table 2.

[0180] Based on this, the measurement result obtained by the second communication device is the subcarrier with the strongest signal quality; or the signal quality on multiple set subcarriers. Exemplarily, similar to the second embodiment, the multiple set subcarriers include f c +akΔf; or the multiple set subcarriers include the carrier frequencies of the M harmonic beams.

[0181] S604: The second communication device sends a measurement report carrying the measurement result to the first communication device. The first communication device receives the measurement report from the second communication device.

[0182] S605: The first communication device determines the carrier frequency (or subcarrier) with the strongest signal quality according to the measurement results in the measurement report; and determines the target beam from the M set beams in this beam detection process according to the carrier frequency (or subcarrier). The target beam is the target beam with the same direction as the harmonic beam with the strongest signal quality in this beam detection process, which is equivalent to the set beam with the strongest signal quality in this beam detection process.

[0183] In the first embodiment, when the measurement result includes the carrier frequency (or subcarrier) with the strongest signal quality, the first communication device can determine the target beam corresponding to the carrier frequency (or subcarrier) with the strongest signal quality based on the correspondence between the carrier frequency (or subcarrier) of the saved harmonic beam and the set beam (as shown in Table 2 or Table 3).

[0184] In the second embodiment, when the measurement result includes signal qualities on multiple set carrier frequencies (or multiple set subcarriers), the first communication device can select the carrier frequency (or subcarrier) with the strongest signal quality from the multiple set carrier frequencies (multiple set subcarriers), and determine the target beam based on the carrier frequency (or subcarrier) with the strongest signal quality according to the process in the first embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0185] After the first communication device determines the target beam, the target beam can be used as the transmitting beam of the first communication device to establish a beam pair between the first communication device and the second communication device; or the first communication device can also perform at least one beam detection process again to determine the transmitting beam of the first communication device based on the target beam determined in each beam detection process, and establish a beam pair between the first communication device and the second communication device.

[0186] The process of the first communication device determining the transmission beam of the first communication device is different from the specific implementation method adopted by the communication system to perform beam scanning.

[0187] Implementation method 1: One round of beam scanning includes one beam detection process. The power of the device is not limited, and the communication system can perform a beam detection process (i.e., S601-S604) for all M set beams to be scanned at one time. In this implementation method, the first communication device can determine that the target beam with the strongest signal quality in this beam detection is the transmission beam of the first communication device based on the measurement results obtained in this beam detection process.

[0188] Implementation method 2: One round of beam scanning includes multiple beam detections. Due to the limitation of device power, the communication system can group all H set beams to be scanned in one beam scanning process, and then perform a beam detection process for each beam group.

[0189] Scenario 1: When the measurement results obtained in each beam detection process include the carrier frequency (or subcarrier) with the strongest signal quality, the first communication device can determine the target beam with the strongest signal quality in each beam detection based on the correspondence between the carrier frequency (or subcarrier) of the harmonic beam set for each beam detection and the set beam (as shown in Table 2 or Table 3); and then select a target beam from multiple target beams obtained through multiple beam detections as the transmitting beam of the first communication device.

[0190] Scenario 2: When the measurement results obtained in each beam detection process include not only the carrier frequency (or subcarrier) with the strongest signal quality, but also the signal quality of the carrier frequency (or subcarrier), the first communication device can select the target carrier frequency (or target subcarrier) with the strongest signal quality from the measurement results obtained by multiple beam detections; based on the correspondence between the carrier frequency (or subcarrier) of the harmonic beam set in the target beam detection process where the measurement result containing the target carrier frequency (or target subcarrier) is obtained and the set beam (as shown in Table 2 or Table 3), determine the target beam with the strongest signal quality in this beam detection; and then use the target beam as the transmitting beam of the first communication device.

[0191] Scenario 3: When the measurement results obtained in each beam detection process include the signal quality on multiple set carrier frequencies (or multiple set subcarriers), the first communication device can select the target carrier frequency (or target subcarrier) with the strongest signal quality from all measurement results, and then determine the target beam based on the target carrier frequency (or target subcarrier) with the strongest signal quality. The specific process can refer to the steps in Scenario 2 and will not be repeated here. Finally, the determined target beam is used as the transmission beam of the first communication device.

[0192] Implementation method three: two beam detections of coarse scan + fine scan. Due to the limitation of equipment power, the communication system can adopt a combination of coarse scan + fine scan, that is, all H set beams to be scanned are grouped according to direction to obtain multiple beam groups, wherein the set beams contained in the same beam group have similar directions, and each beam group corresponds to a reference beam. In the first beam detection, the reference beam of each beam group is used as the beam to be detected; then the first communication device determines the target reference beam with the strongest signal quality according to the measurement results obtained from the first beam detection. In the second beam detection, the set beam in the target beam group where the target reference beam is located is used as the beam to be detected. Finally, the first communication device determines the target beam with the strongest signal quality according to the measurement results obtained from the second beam detection, and uses the finally determined target beam as the transmitting beam of the first communication device.

[0193] In each of the above implementations, the process of the first communication device determining the target beam with the strongest signal quality in each beam detection process can refer to the two implementation modes described in S605 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0194] Since the traditional beam polling transmission method takes a long time to complete a round of beam scanning in space. The embodiment of the present application can control the phase change law of the reflection phase of each basic unit within a phase configuration cycle through control instructions, so that the single carrier beam becomes a plurality of harmonic beams with adjustable amplitude and direction after being reflected by RIS. By adjusting the amplitude and direction of the harmonic beam, it is made consistent with the beam pattern in a beam detection process in the beam scanning. The difference from the polling scheme is that the polling scheme completes the scanning by time division, while the embodiment of the present application uses the harmonic beam to realize frequency division beam scanning, saving beam scanning time.

[0195] In summary, the embodiment of the present application provides a communication method. Since RIS cooperates to realize beam scanning, even if the transmitting device has only one RF link, it is possible to control the change law of the reflection phase of the basic unit in RIS so that RIS can reflect multiple harmonic beams with set amplitudes and set directions to realize multi-beam control. Through this method, when beam detection is required for multiple set beams during the beam scanning process, the transmitting device only needs to send a single carrier signal once. By controlling the working parameters of each basic unit in RIS, RIS can simultaneously reflect multiple harmonic beams with the same direction as the multiple set beams for the single carrier signal, such as Figure 5 As shown in Figure 1, the receiving device can detect the signal quality of harmonic beams in multiple directions at the same time. Figure 1The traditional beam polling process shown in FIG. 1 can significantly reduce the delay of beam scanning. In addition, the harmonic beam is represented by a carrier frequency or a subcarrier, making it easier and more convenient for the receiving device to detect the signal quality of the harmonic beam and report the measurement result.

[0196] Below is Figure 3 In the application scenario shown, a round of beam scanning process is performed, in which all the set beams to be scanned are B0-B5 as an example, and the entire beam scanning process is described. Among them, the directions of all the set beams to be scanned B1-B6 are as follows Fig. 7A shown.

[0197] In the following examples, the frequency of the single carrier signal sent by the first communication device is f c (nth subcarrier), the phase configuration frequency f0 of RIS is equal to k times the subcarrier spacing (Δf), that is, f0 = kΔf, so the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam reflected by RIS is the same as the frequency of a certain subcarrier in the communication system. In this way, in the following examples, the carrier frequency of each harmonic beam can be identified by the subcarrier.

[0198] Example 1: A round of beam scanning includes a beam detection process, such as Figure 7B shown.

[0199] The first communication device derives and determines the phase change function of the reflection phase of each basic unit in the RIS based on the set directions of beams B1-B6 (including elevation and azimuth), the arrangement of basic units in the RIS, and the far-field radiation pattern of each basic unit. The specific process can be referred to the above description of the working principle of RIS simultaneously reflecting multiple harmonic beams, which will not be repeated here.

[0200] After the first communication device determines the phase change function of the reflection phase of each basic unit, it generates control information of each basic unit according to the phase change function of the reflection phase of each basic unit, and sends a control instruction carrying the control information of each basic unit to the RIS through the physical connection between the first communication device and the RIS.

[0201] In addition, when determining the phase change function of the reflection phase of each basic unit, the first communication device can also predetermine the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam that is the same as each set beam direction. Therefore, the first communication device stores the corresponding relationship between the subcarrier (representing the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam) and the set beam, as shown in Table 4.

[0202] Table 4 Mapping relationship between subcarriers and set beams

[0203]

[0204]

[0205] Wherein, a1 to a6 are integers with different values.

[0206] The first communication device sends a signal with a carrier frequency of f to the RIS. c single carrier signal.

[0207] After receiving the control instruction sent by the first communication device, the RIS controls the working parameters of each basic unit in the RIS according to the control information of each basic unit in the control instruction, thereby controlling the reflection phase of each basic unit. When the single carrier signal is transmitted to the RIS, the RIS can reflect 6 harmonic beams B1'-B6' with the same amplitude (intensity) and different directions. Among them, the directions of the harmonic beams B1'-B6' correspond to the set beams B1-B6 one by one, and each harmonic beam has the same direction as the corresponding set beam, such as Fig. 7A and Figure 7B as shown in .

[0208] After receiving the wireless signal, the second communication device determines based on the wireless signal that c +skΔf, and generates a measurement result. Wherein, s is an integer belonging to (-∞, +∞). The second communication device sends a measurement report carrying the measurement result to the first communication device.

[0209] In one implementation, the measurement result may include signal qualities of multiple set subcarriers. The multiple set subcarriers include subcarriers corresponding to the carrier frequencies of harmonic beams B1'-B6' (i.e., the subcarriers in the first column of Table 4). The multiple set subcarriers may be configured by the first communication device to the second communication device; or may be configured by the second communication device at f c The subcarriers selected in +skΔf have signal qualities greater than the reporting threshold.

[0210] In another embodiment, the measurement result may include f c +skΔf The signal quality of the target subcarrier with the strongest signal quality (for example, the carrier frequency is f c +a5kΔf subcarrier, marked as n-a5k).

[0211] The first communication device determines, according to the measurement result, the target subcarrier (i.e., the carrier frequency is f) with the strongest signal quality in the current beam detection process. c +a5kΔf, identified as n-a5k), and then according to the mapping relationship between the saved subcarrier and the set beam (as shown in Table 4), it is determined that the set beam corresponding to the target subcarrier is B5.

[0212] Finally, the first communication device may set beam B5 as the transmitting beam of the first communication device.

[0213] Example 2: Due to the limitation of device power, a round of beam scanning includes multiple beam detection processes, such as Figure 7C shown.

[0214] The first communication device divides the set beams B1-B6 into multiple groups, for example, B1-B3 is divided into beam group 1, and B4-B6 is divided into beam group 2. Figure 7C As shown in (a) in FIG. 1 , the communication device can perform a beam detection process for each beam group.

[0215] like Figure 7C As shown in (b) in the figure, the first beam detection process is as follows:

[0216] The first communication device derives and determines the phase change function of the reflection phase of each basic unit in the RIS based on the set directions of beams B1-B3 (including elevation and azimuth), the arrangement of basic units in the RIS, and the far-field radiation pattern of each basic unit. The specific process can be referred to the above description of the working principle of RIS simultaneously reflecting multiple harmonic beams, which will not be repeated here.

[0217] After the first communication device determines the phase change function of the reflection phase of each basic unit, it generates control information of each basic unit according to the phase change function of the reflection phase of each basic unit, and sends the control instruction 1 carrying the control information of each basic unit to the RIS through the physical connection between the first communication device and the RIS.

[0218] In addition, when determining the phase change function of the reflection phase of each basic unit, the first communication device can also predetermine the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam that is the same as each set beam direction in B1-B3. Therefore, the first communication device stores the corresponding relationship between the subcarrier (representing the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam) set for the first beam detection and the set beam, as shown in Table 5.

[0219] Table 5 Mapping relationship between subcarriers and set beams

[0220] Subcarrier frequency (subcarrier identification) Setting the beam (harmonic beam) <![CDATA[f c +b1kΔf(n+b1k)]]> B1 <![CDATA[f c +b2kΔf(n+b2k)]]> B2 <![CDATA[f c +b3kΔf(n+b3k)]]> B3

[0221] Wherein, b1 to b3 are integers with different values.

[0222] The first communication device sends a signal with a carrier frequency of f to the RIS. c single carrier signal.

[0223] After receiving the control instruction 1 sent by the first communication device, the RIS controls the working parameters of each basic unit in the RIS according to the control information of each basic unit in the control instruction 1, thereby controlling the reflection phase of each basic unit. When the single carrier signal is transmitted to the RIS, the RIS can reflect three harmonic beams B1'-B3' with the same amplitude (intensity) and different directions. Among them, the directions of the harmonic beams B1'-B3' correspond to the set beams B1-B3 one by one, and each harmonic beam has the same direction as the corresponding set beam, such as Fig. 7A and Figure 7C As shown in (b) in .

[0224] After receiving the wireless signal, the second communication device determines based on the wireless signal that c +skΔf, and generates a measurement result 1. Wherein, s is an integer belonging to (-∞, +∞). The second communication device sends a measurement report 1 carrying the measurement result 1 to the first communication device.

[0225] In one implementation, the measurement result 1 may include signal qualities of multiple first subcarriers. The multiple first subcarriers include subcarriers corresponding to the carrier frequencies of harmonic beams B1'-B3' (i.e., the subcarriers in the first column of Table 5). The multiple first subcarriers may be configured by the first communication device to the second communication device; or may be the signal qualities of the second communication device at f c The subcarriers selected in +skΔf have signal qualities greater than the reporting threshold.

[0226] like Figure 7C As shown in (c) in the figure, the second beam detection process is as follows:

[0227] The first communication device derives and determines the phase change function of the reflection phase of each basic unit in the RIS based on the set directions of beams B4-B6 (including elevation and azimuth), the arrangement of basic units in the RIS, and the far-field radiation pattern of each basic unit. The specific process can be referred to the above description of the working principle of RIS simultaneously reflecting multiple harmonic beams, which will not be repeated here.

[0228] After the first communication device determines the phase change function of the reflection phase of each basic unit, it generates control information of each basic unit according to the phase change function of the reflection phase of each basic unit, and sends the control instruction 2 carrying the control information of each basic unit to the RIS through the physical connection between the first communication device and the RIS.

[0229] In addition, when determining the phase change function of the reflection phase of each basic unit, the first communication device can also predetermine the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam that is the same as each set beam direction in B4-B6. Therefore, the first communication device stores the corresponding relationship between the subcarrier (representing the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam) set for the second beam detection and the set beam, as shown in Table 6.

[0230] Table 6 Mapping relationship between subcarriers and set beams

[0231] Subcarrier frequency (subcarrier identification) Setting the beam (harmonic beam) <![CDATA[f c +b4kΔf(n+b4k)]]> B4 <![CDATA[f c +b5kΔf(n+b5k)]]> B5 <![CDATA[f c +b6kΔf(n+b6k)]]> B6

[0232] Among them, b4 to b6 are integers with different values.

[0233] The first communication device sends a signal with a carrier frequency of f to the RIS. c single carrier signal.

[0234] After receiving the control instruction 2 sent by the first communication device, the RIS controls the working parameters of each basic unit in the RIS according to the control information of each basic unit in the control instruction 2, thereby controlling the reflection phase of each basic unit. When the single carrier signal is transmitted to the RIS, the RIS can reflect three harmonic beams B4'-B6' with the same amplitude (intensity) and different directions. Among them, the directions of the harmonic beams B4'-B6' correspond to the set beams B4-B6 one by one, and each harmonic beam has the same direction as the corresponding set beam, such as Fig. 7A and Figure 7C As shown in (c) in .

[0235] After receiving the wireless signal, the second communication device determines based on the wireless signal that c +skΔf, and generates a measurement result 2. Wherein, s is an integer belonging to (-∞, +∞). The second communication device sends a measurement report 2 carrying the measurement result 2 to the first communication device.

[0236] In one implementation, the measurement result 2 may include signal qualities of multiple second subcarriers. The multiple second subcarriers include subcarriers corresponding to the carrier frequencies of harmonic beams B4'-B6' (i.e., the subcarriers in the first column of Table 6). The multiple second subcarriers may be configured by the first communication device to the second communication device; or may be the signal qualities of the second communication device at f c The subcarriers selected in +skΔf have signal qualities greater than the reporting threshold.

[0237] Finally, the first communication device determines the target subcarrier with the strongest signal quality among the multiple first subcarriers and the multiple second subcarriers according to the received measurement results 1 and 2 (continue with the carrier frequency f c +a5kΔf as an example, marked as n-a5k), and then according to the mapping relationship between the subcarrier set for the second beam detection and the set beam (as shown in Table 6), it is determined that the set beam corresponding to the target subcarrier is B5.

[0238] Finally, the first communication device may set beam B5 as the transmitting beam of the first communication device.

[0239] Example 3: Due to the limitation of equipment power, a round of beam scanning uses a two-beam detection method combining coarse scanning and fine scanning, such as Fig.7D shown.

[0240] like Fig.7D As shown in (a), the first communication device first divides the set beams B1-B6 into multiple beam groups according to the direction of the beams, for example, B1-B3 is divided into beam group 1, and B4-B6 is divided into beam group 2. The set beam directions contained in each beam group are similar, and each beam group corresponds to a reference beam. The reference beam corresponding to beam group 1 is beam 2, and the reference beam corresponding to beam group 2 is beam 5.

[0241] like Fig.7D As shown in (b) in the figure, the first beam detection process is as follows:

[0242] The first communication device derives and determines the phase change function of the reflection phase of each basic unit in the RIS based on the set directions of beams B2 and B5 (including elevation and azimuth), the arrangement of basic units in the RIS, and the far-field radiation pattern of each basic unit. The specific process can be referred to the above description of the working principle of RIS simultaneously reflecting multiple harmonic beams, which will not be repeated here.

[0243] After the first communication device determines the phase change function of the reflection phase of each basic unit, it generates control information of each basic unit according to the phase change function of the reflection phase of each basic unit, and sends the control instruction 1 carrying the control information of each basic unit to the RIS through the physical connection between the first communication device and the RIS.

[0244] In addition, when determining the phase change function of the reflection phase of each basic unit, the first communication device can also predetermine the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam that is the same as each set beam direction in B2 and B5. Therefore, the first communication device stores the corresponding relationship between the subcarrier (representing the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam) set for the first beam detection and the set beam, as shown in Table 7.

[0245] Table 7 Mapping relationship between subcarriers and set beams

[0246] Subcarrier frequency (subcarrier identification) Setting the beam (harmonic beam) <![CDATA[f c +c2kΔf(n-c2k)]]> B2 <![CDATA[f c +c5kΔf(n-c5k)]]> B5

[0247] Wherein, c2 and c5 are integers with different values.

[0248] The first communication device sends a signal with a carrier frequency of f to the RIS. c single carrier signal.

[0249] After receiving the control instruction 1 sent by the first communication device, the RIS controls the working parameters of each basic unit in the RIS according to the control information of each basic unit in the control instruction 1, thereby controlling the reflection phase of each basic unit. When the single carrier signal is transmitted to the RIS, the RIS can reflect two harmonic beams B2' and B5' with the same amplitude (intensity) and different directions. Among them, the harmonic beam B2' corresponds to the set beam B2, the direction of the harmonic beam B5' corresponds to the set beam B5, and each harmonic beam has the same direction as the corresponding set beam, such as Fig. 7A and Fig.7D As shown in (b) in .

[0250] After receiving the wireless signal, the second communication device determines based on the wireless signal that c +skΔf, and generates a measurement result 1. Wherein, s is an integer belonging to (-∞, +∞). The second communication device sends a measurement report 1 carrying the measurement result 1 to the first communication device.

[0251] In one implementation, the measurement result 1 may include signal qualities of multiple first subcarriers. The multiple first subcarriers include subcarriers corresponding to the carrier frequencies of harmonic beams B1' and B5' (i.e., the subcarriers in the first column of Table 7). The multiple first subcarriers may be configured by the first communication device to the second communication device; or may be the signal qualities of the second communication device at f c The subcarriers selected in +skΔf have signal qualities greater than the reporting threshold.

[0252] In another embodiment, the measurement result 1 may include f c+skΔf The signal quality of the target subcarrier with the strongest signal quality (for example, the carrier frequency is f c The subcarrier of +c5kΔf is marked as n-c5k).

[0253] The first communication device determines, according to the measurement result 1, the target subcarrier (i.e., the carrier frequency is f) with the strongest signal quality during the current beam detection process. c +c5kΔf, marked as n-c5k), and then according to the mapping relationship between the subcarrier set for the first beam detection and the set beam (as shown in Table 7), it is determined that the set beam corresponding to the target subcarrier is B5.

[0254] Finally, the first communication device determines that the object to be detected in the second beam detection is the beam in the beam group (beam group 2) including the reference beam B5 based on the reference beam B5 with the strongest signal quality determined in the first beam detection process.

[0255] like Fig.7D As shown in (c) in the figure, the second beam detection process is as follows:

[0256] The first communication device derives and determines the phase change function of the reflection phase of each basic unit in the RIS based on the direction of the set beams B4-B6 in beam group 2 (including elevation and azimuth), the arrangement of the basic units in the RIS, and the far-field radiation pattern of each basic unit. The specific process can be referred to the above description of the working principle of RIS to simultaneously reflect multiple harmonic beams, which will not be repeated here.

[0257] After the first communication device determines the phase change function of the reflection phase of each basic unit, it generates control information of each basic unit according to the phase change function of the reflection phase of each basic unit, and sends the control instruction 2 carrying the control information of each basic unit to the RIS through the physical connection between the first communication device and the RIS.

[0258] In addition, when determining the phase change function of the reflection phase of each basic unit, the first communication device can also predetermine the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam that is the same as each set beam direction in B4-B6. Therefore, the first communication device stores the corresponding relationship between the subcarrier (representing the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam) set for the second beam detection and the set beam, as shown in Table 8.

[0259] Table 8 Mapping relationship between subcarriers and set beams

[0260] Subcarrier frequency (subcarrier identification) Setting the beam (harmonic beam) <![CDATA[f c +c4kΔf(n+c4k)]]> B4 <![CDATA[f c +c5kΔf(n+c5k)]]> B5 <![CDATA[f c +c6kΔf(n+c6k)]]> B6

[0261] Among them, c4 to c6 are integers with different values.

[0262] The first communication device sends a signal with a carrier frequency of f to the RIS. c single carrier signal.

[0263] After receiving the control instruction 2 sent by the first communication device, the RIS controls the working parameters of each basic unit in the RIS according to the control information of each basic unit in the control instruction 2, thereby controlling the reflection phase of each basic unit. When the single carrier signal is transmitted to the RIS, the RIS can reflect three harmonic beams B4'-B6' with the same amplitude (intensity) and different directions. Among them, the directions of the harmonic beams B4'-B6' correspond to the set beams B4-B6 one by one, and each harmonic beam has the same direction as the corresponding set beam, such as Fig. 7A and Fig.7D As shown in (c) in .

[0264] After receiving the wireless signal, the second communication device determines based on the wireless signal that c +skΔf, and generates a measurement result 2. Wherein, s is an integer belonging to (-∞, +∞). The second communication device sends a measurement report 2 carrying the measurement result 2 to the first communication device.

[0265] In one implementation, the measurement result 2 may include signal qualities of multiple second subcarriers. The multiple second subcarriers include subcarriers corresponding to the carrier frequencies of harmonic beams B4'-B6' (i.e., the subcarriers in the first column of Table 6). The multiple second subcarriers may be configured by the first communication device to the second communication device; or may be the signal qualities of the second communication device at f c The subcarriers selected in +skΔf have signal qualities greater than the reporting threshold.

[0266] In another embodiment, the measurement result 2 may include f c +skΔf The signal quality of the target subcarrier with the strongest signal quality (for example, the carrier frequency is f c The subcarrier of +c5kΔf is marked as n-c5k).

[0267] The first communication device determines, according to the measurement result 2, the target subcarrier (i.e., the carrier frequency is f) with the strongest signal quality during the current beam detection process. c +c5kΔf, marked as n-c5k), and then according to the mapping relationship between the subcarrier set for the second beam detection and the set beam (as shown in Table 8), it is determined that the set beam corresponding to the target subcarrier is B5.

[0268] Finally, the first communication device may set beam B5 as the transmitting beam of the first communication device.

[0269] Through the beam scanning process provided in the above examples 2 and 3, one round of beam scanning can be achieved through multiple beam detections, which can not only take into account the power limitation of the device, but also improve the speed of beam scanning.

[0270] Based on the same technical concept, the present application also provides a communication device, which can be applied to Figure 3 In the application scenario shown, it is used to implement Figure 6 The embodiments shown and the methods provided in the above examples. Figure 8 As shown, the communication device 800 includes a communication unit 801 and a processing unit 802. The communication unit 801 is used to receive and send signals. The physical form of the communication unit 801 can be a transceiver and an antenna.

[0271] In one implementation, the communication device 800 is applied to the first communication device (ie, the transmitting device that transmits the reference signal) in the above embodiment or example. The function of the processing unit 802 in this implementation is introduced below.

[0272] The processing unit 802 is configured to:

[0273] Sending a single carrier signal to the reconfigurable smart surface RIS through the communication unit 801, so that the RIS receives the single carrier signal and can reflect M harmonic beams, wherein the M harmonic beams have the same amplitude, different directions and different carrier frequencies; the M harmonic beams correspond to the M set beams one by one, any harmonic beam has the same direction as the corresponding set beam, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

[0274] Receiving, through the communication unit 801, a measurement report sent by a second communication device, wherein the measurement report includes carrier frequency indication information, and the carrier frequency indication information is used to indicate a carrier frequency of a target harmonic beam among the M harmonic beams;

[0275] According to the stored correspondence between the carrier frequencies of the plurality of harmonic beams and the set beams, a target set beam corresponding to the carrier frequency of the target harmonic beam is determined among the M set beams.

[0276] In one possible design, the carrier frequency of the single carrier signal is f c ; The carrier frequency of any one of the M harmonic beams is f c +sf0, s is an integer, and f0 is the phase configuration frequency of the RIS.

[0277] In one possible design, the carrier frequency f of the single carrier cis the carrier frequency of a subcarrier in the communication system, f0 is k times the subcarrier spacing SCS in the communication system, and the carrier frequency of any harmonic beam is equal to the carrier frequency of a subcarrier in the communication system;

[0278] The carrier frequency indication information is an identifier of the target subcarrier, and the carrier frequency of the target subcarrier is the same as the carrier frequency of the target harmonic beam.

[0279] In a possible design, the RIS includes a plurality of basic units; the processing unit 802 is further configured to:

[0280] Determine a phase variation rule of a reflection phase of each basic unit in the RIS according to the directions of the M set beams and the arrangement of each basic unit in the RIS;

[0281] Determine the control information of each basic unit according to the phase variation law of the reflection phase of each basic unit; wherein the control information of any basic unit is used to instruct the RIS to control the working parameters of the basic unit so that the reflection phase variation of the basic unit conforms to the phase variation law of the reflection phase of the basic unit;

[0282] A control instruction is sent to the RIS via the communication unit 801, wherein the control instruction includes control information of the multiple basic units.

[0283] In a possible design, each basic unit has a fixed multiple reflection phases, and the control information of any basic unit is represented by digital coding;

[0284] The control instruction is generated by performing space-time coding on the control information of the multiple basic units.

[0285] In one possible design, the processing unit 802 is further configured to:

[0286] Determine the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam corresponding to each set beam according to the directions of the M set beams and the arrangement of each basic unit in the RIS; determine the corresponding relationship between the carrier frequencies of the multiple harmonic beams and the set beam according to the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam corresponding to each set beam; or

[0287] The correspondence between the carrier frequencies of the plurality of harmonic beams and the set beams is received by the communication unit 801 and sent by other devices.

[0288] In one possible design, the measurement report also includes the signal quality of the target harmonic beam.

[0289] In another implementation manner, the communication device 800 is applied to the second communication device (ie, the receiving device for receiving the reference signal) in the above embodiment or example. The function of the processing unit 802 in this implementation manner is introduced below.

[0290] The processing unit 802 is configured to:

[0291] The communication unit 801 receives a wireless signal, and determines the signal quality of the wireless signal on each of the set T carrier frequencies; wherein the T carrier frequencies include carrier frequencies of M harmonic beams; the M harmonic beams are formed by reflection when the reconfigurable intelligent surface RIS receives a single carrier signal sent by the first communication device; the M harmonic beams have the same amplitude, different directions and different carrier frequencies; the M harmonic beams correspond one-to-one to the M set beams, any harmonic beam has the same direction as the corresponding set beam, and T and M are integers greater than or equal to 2;

[0292] According to the signal quality of the wireless signal on each of the T carrier frequencies, a measurement report is sent to the first communication device through the communication unit 801, and the measurement report includes carrier indication information, and the carrier indication information is used to indicate the target carrier frequency, and the target carrier frequency is the carrier frequency among the T carrier frequencies that meets the set conditions.

[0293] In one possible design, the carrier frequency of the single carrier signal is f c ; Any one of the T carrier frequencies is f c +sf0, s is an integer, and f0 is the phase configuration frequency of the RIS.

[0294] In one possible design, the carrier frequency f of the single carrier c is the carrier frequency of a subcarrier in the communication system, f0 is k times the subcarrier spacing SCS in the communication system, and any one of the T carrier frequencies is equal to the carrier frequency of a subcarrier in the communication system;

[0295] The carrier frequency indication information is an identifier of the target subcarrier, and the carrier frequency of the target subcarrier is the same as the target carrier frequency.

[0296] In one possible design, the target carrier frequency is the carrier frequency with the strongest signal quality among the T carrier frequencies; or

[0297] The target carrier frequency is a set reporting carrier frequency, and the set reporting carrier frequency is set by a user, or is set by the first communication device, or the set reporting carrier frequency includes carrier frequencies of the M harmonic beams.

[0298] In one possible design, the measurement report also includes the signal quality of the wireless signal on the target carrier frequency.

[0299] In one possible design, the processing unit 802, when determining the signal quality of the wireless signal on the set T carrier frequencies, is specifically configured to:

[0300] Perform fast Fourier transform processing on the wireless signal to determine the signal quality of the wireless signal on each of the T carrier frequencies.

[0301] Based on the same technical concept, the present application also provides a RIS, which can be applied to Figure 3 In the application scenario shown, it is used to implement Figure 6 The embodiments shown and the methods provided in the above examples. Fig. 9 As shown, the RIS 900 includes a communication module 901 and a control module 902, as well as a plurality of basic units 903, and a control device 904 corresponding to each basic unit. Optionally, the physical form of the communication module 901 may be a communication interface, or a transceiver and an antenna, etc., which is not limited in the present application.

[0302] The communication module 901 is used to receive a control instruction; wherein the control instruction includes control information of each basic unit 903, and the control information of any basic unit 903 is used to instruct the RIS to control the working parameters of the basic unit 903 so that the reflection phase change of the basic unit 903 conforms to the set phase change law of the reflection phase of the basic unit 903;

[0303] The control module 902 is used to control the working parameters of each basic unit 903 according to the control information of each basic unit 903 in the control instruction, so that the phase change of each basic unit 903 conforms to the set phase change law of the reflection phase of the basic unit 903, so that the RIS 900 can reflect M harmonic beams when receiving the single carrier signal sent by the first communication device;

[0304] The M harmonic beams have the same amplitude, different directions and different carrier frequencies; the M harmonic beams correspond one-to-one to the M set beams, and any harmonic beam has the same direction as the corresponding set beam.

[0305] Specifically, the control module 902 can control the control device 904 corresponding to each basic unit 903 according to the control information of each basic unit 903 in the control instruction, thereby controlling the working parameters of each basic unit 903, and further making the phase change of each basic unit 903 conform to the set phase change law.

[0306] In one possible design, the carrier frequency of the single carrier signal is f c; The carrier frequency of any one of the M harmonic beams is f c +sf0, s is an integer, and f0 is the phase configuration frequency of the RIS.

[0307] In one possible design, the carrier frequency f of the single carrier signal c is the carrier frequency of a subcarrier in the communication system to which the first communication device belongs, f0 is k times the subcarrier spacing SCS in the communication system, and the carrier frequency of any harmonic beam is equal to the carrier frequency of a subcarrier in the communication system.

[0308] In a possible design, the phase variation rule of the reflection phase of each basic unit is determined according to the directions of the M set beams and the arrangement of each basic unit in the RIS.

[0309] In a possible design, each basic unit has a fixed multiple reflection phases, and the control information of any basic unit is represented by digital coding;

[0310] The control instruction is generated by performing space-time coding on the control information of the multiple basic units.

[0311] In one possible design, the communication module 901 is specifically configured to:

[0312] The control instruction is received from the first communication device or the management device of the RIS.

[0313] It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiments of the present application is schematic and is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into a processing unit, or may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0314] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or a processor (processor) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code.

[0315] Based on the above embodiments, the present application also provides a communication device, which can be applied to Figure 3 In the application scenario shown, the method provided in the above embodiments and examples can be implemented, and the communication device 800 provided in the above embodiments has the functions. Fig.10 As shown, the communication device 1000 includes: a transceiver 1001, a processor 1002, and a memory 1003. The transceiver 1001, the processor 1002, and the memory 1003 are interconnected.

[0316] Optionally, the transceiver 1001, the processor 1002 and the memory 1003 are interconnected via a bus 1004. The bus 1004 may be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Fig.10 Only one thick line is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0317] The transceiver 1001 is used to receive and send signals to achieve communication with other devices in the communication system.

[0318] The processor 1002 is used to implement the methods provided in the above embodiments or examples.

[0319] In one implementation, the communication device 1000 is the first communication device (ie, a transmitting device that transmits a reference signal) in the above embodiment or example, and the processor 1002 is configured to:

[0320] Sending a single carrier signal to the reconfigurable smart surface RIS through the transceiver 1001, so that the RIS can reflect M harmonic beams after receiving the single carrier signal, wherein the M harmonic beams have the same amplitude, different directions and different carrier frequencies; the M harmonic beams correspond to the M set beams one by one, any harmonic beam has the same direction as the corresponding set beam, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

[0321] Receiving, by the transceiver 1001, a measurement report sent by a second communication device, wherein the measurement report includes carrier frequency indication information, and the carrier frequency indication information is used to indicate a carrier frequency of a target harmonic beam among the M harmonic beams;

[0322] According to the stored correspondence between the carrier frequencies of the plurality of harmonic beams and the set beams, a target set beam corresponding to the carrier frequency of the target harmonic beam is determined among the M set beams.

[0323] In one implementation, the communication device 1000 is the second communication device (i.e., a receiving device that receives a reference signal) in the above embodiment or example, and the processor 1002 is configured to:

[0324] The wireless signal is received by the transceiver 1001, and the signal quality of the wireless signal on each of the set T carrier frequencies is determined; wherein the T carrier frequencies include carrier frequencies of M harmonic beams; the M harmonic beams are formed by reflection when the reconfigurable intelligent surface RIS receives a single carrier signal sent by the first communication device; the M harmonic beams have the same amplitude, different directions and different carrier frequencies; the M harmonic beams correspond one-to-one to the M set beams, and any harmonic beam has the same direction as the corresponding set beam, and T and M are integers greater than or equal to 2;

[0325] According to the signal quality of the wireless signal on each of the T carrier frequencies, a measurement report is sent to the first communication device through the transceiver 1001, and the measurement report includes carrier indication information, and the carrier indication information is used to indicate the target carrier frequency, and the target carrier frequency is the carrier frequency among the T carrier frequencies that meets the set conditions.

[0326] The specific functions of the processor 1002 can be referred to the description in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0327] Among them, the processor 1002 can be a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP) or a combination of a CPU and a NP, etc. The processor 1002 can further include a hardware chip. The above-mentioned hardware chip can be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD) or a combination thereof. The above-mentioned PLD can be a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a generic array logic (GAL) or any combination thereof. When implementing the above-mentioned functions, the processor 1002 can be implemented by hardware, and of course, it can also be implemented by executing the corresponding software through hardware.

[0328] The memory 1003 is used to store program instructions, etc. Specifically, the program instructions may include program codes, and the program codes include computer operation instructions. The memory 1003 may include random access memory (RAM), and may also include non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory. The processor 1002 executes the program instructions stored in the memory 1003 to implement the above functions, thereby implementing the method provided in the above embodiment.

[0329] Based on the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the methods provided in the above embodiments.

[0330] Based on the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer executes the method provided in the above embodiments.

[0331] The storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer. For example, but not limited to, a computer-readable medium may include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer.

[0332] Based on the above embodiments, an embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, which is used to read a computer program stored in a memory to implement the method provided in the above embodiments.

[0333] Based on the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present application provide a chip system, which includes a processor for supporting a computer device to implement the functions involved in the communication device in the above embodiments. In a possible design, the chip system also includes a memory, which is used to store the necessary programs and data for the computer device. The chip system can be composed of a chip, or it can include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0334] In summary, the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and device. Through this method, when beam detection is required for multiple set beams during beam scanning, the transmitting device only needs to send a single carrier signal once. By controlling the working parameters of each basic unit in the RIS, the RIS can simultaneously reflect multiple harmonic beams with the same direction as the multiple set beams for the single carrier signal. In this way, the receiving device can simultaneously detect the signal quality of harmonic beams in multiple directions. Therefore, compared to the above, Figure 1 The traditional beam polling process shown in the figure can significantly reduce the delay of beam scanning.

[0335] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented in one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that include computer-usable program code.

[0336] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0337] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0338] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0339] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that: Applied to a first communication device, the method includes: Sending a single carrier signal to a reconfigurable smart surface RIS, so that the RIS receives the single carrier signal and can reflect M harmonic beams, wherein the M harmonic beams have the same amplitude, different directions and different carrier frequencies; the M harmonic beams correspond one-to-one to the M set beams, any harmonic beam has the same direction as the corresponding set beam, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2; receiving a measurement report sent by a second communication device, wherein the measurement report includes carrier frequency indication information, where the carrier frequency indication information is used to indicate a carrier frequency of a target harmonic beam among the M harmonic beams; According to the stored correspondence between the carrier frequencies of the plurality of harmonic beams and the set beams, a target set beam corresponding to the carrier frequency of the target harmonic beam is determined among the M set beams.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The carrier frequency of the single carrier signal is f c ; The carrier frequency of any one of the M harmonic beams is f c +sf0, s is an integer, and f0 is the phase configuration frequency of the RIS.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The carrier frequency f of the single carrier c is the carrier frequency of a subcarrier in the communication system, f0 is k times the subcarrier spacing SCS in the communication system, and the carrier frequency of any harmonic beam is equal to the carrier frequency of a subcarrier in the communication system; The carrier frequency indication information is an identifier of a target subcarrier, and the carrier frequency of the target subcarrier is the same as the carrier frequency of the target harmonic beam.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The RIS comprises a plurality of basic units; the method further comprises: Determine a phase variation rule of a reflection phase of each basic unit in the RIS according to the directions of the M set beams and the arrangement of each basic unit in the RIS; Determine the control information of each basic unit according to the phase variation law of the reflection phase of each basic unit; wherein the control information of any basic unit is used to instruct the RIS to control the working parameters of the basic unit so that the reflection phase variation of the basic unit conforms to the phase variation law of the reflection phase of the basic unit; A control instruction is sent to the RIS, wherein the control instruction includes control information of the multiple basic units.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Each basic unit has a fixed variety of reflection phases, and the control information of any basic unit is represented by digital coding; The control instruction is generated by performing space-time coding on the control information of the multiple basic units.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 5, characterized in that The method further comprises: Determine the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam corresponding to each set beam according to the directions of the M set beams and the arrangement of each basic unit in the RIS; determine the corresponding relationship between the carrier frequencies of the multiple harmonic beams and the set beam according to the carrier frequency of the harmonic beam corresponding to each set beam; or The correspondence between the carrier frequencies of the multiple harmonic beams sent by other devices and the set beams is received.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 5, characterized in that The measurement report also includes the signal quality of the target harmonic beam.

8. A communication method, characterized in that: Applied to a reconfigurable intelligent surface RIS, wherein the RIS comprises a plurality of basic units, and the method comprises: Receiving a control instruction, wherein the control instruction includes control information of each basic unit, and the control information of any basic unit is used to instruct the RIS to control the working parameters of the basic unit so that the reflection phase change of the basic unit conforms to the set phase change law of the reflection phase of the basic unit; According to the control information of each basic unit in the control instruction, control the working parameters of each basic unit so that the phase change of each basic unit conforms to the set phase change law of the reflection phase of the basic unit, so that the RIS can reflect M harmonic beams when receiving the single carrier signal sent by the first communication device; The M harmonic beams have the same amplitude, different directions and different carrier frequencies; the M harmonic beams correspond one-to-one to the M set beams, and any harmonic beam has the same direction as the corresponding set beam.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The carrier frequency of a single carrier signal is f c ; The carrier frequency of any one of the M harmonic beams is f c +sf0, s is an integer, and f0 is the phase configuration frequency of the RIS.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The carrier frequency f of the single carrier signal c is the carrier frequency of a subcarrier in the communication system to which the first communication device belongs, f0 is k times the subcarrier spacing SCS in the communication system, and the carrier frequency of any harmonic beam is equal to the carrier frequency of a subcarrier in the communication system.

11. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that: The phase variation rule of the reflection phase of each basic unit is determined according to the directions of the M set beams and the arrangement of each basic unit in the RIS.

12. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that: Each basic unit has a fixed variety of reflection phases, and the control information of any basic unit is represented by digital coding; The control instruction is generated by performing space-time coding on the control information of the multiple basic units.

13. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that: Receive control instructions, including: The control instruction is received from the first communication device or the management device of the RIS.

14. A communication method, characterized in that: Applied to a second communication device, the method includes: Receive a wireless signal, and determine the signal quality of the wireless signal on each of the set T carrier frequencies; wherein the T carrier frequencies include carrier frequencies of M harmonic beams; the M harmonic beams are formed by reflection when the reconfigurable intelligent surface RIS receives a single carrier signal sent by a first communication device; the M harmonic beams have the same amplitude, different directions and different carrier frequencies; the M harmonic beams correspond one-to-one to the M set beams, any harmonic beam has the same direction as the corresponding set beam, and T and M are integers greater than or equal to 2; According to the signal quality of the wireless signal on each of the T carrier frequencies, a measurement report is sent to the first communication device, wherein the measurement report includes carrier indication information, and the carrier indication information is used to indicate a target carrier frequency, which is a carrier frequency among the T carrier frequencies that meets the set conditions.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that The carrier frequency of the single carrier signal is f c ; Any one of the T carrier frequencies is f c +sf0, s is an integer, and f0 is the phase configuration frequency of the RIS.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that The carrier frequency f of the single carrier c is the carrier frequency of a subcarrier in the communication system, f0 is k times the subcarrier spacing SCS in the communication system, and any one of the T carrier frequencies is equal to the carrier frequency of a subcarrier in the communication system; The carrier frequency indication information is an identifier of a target subcarrier, and the carrier frequency of the target subcarrier is the same as the target carrier frequency.

17. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that: The target carrier frequency is the carrier frequency with the strongest signal quality among the T carrier frequencies; or The target carrier frequency is a set reporting carrier frequency, and the set reporting carrier frequency is set by a user, or is set by the first communication device, or the set reporting carrier frequency includes carrier frequencies of the M harmonic beams.

18. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that: The measurement report also includes the signal quality of the wireless signal on the target carrier frequency.

19. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that: Determining the signal quality of the wireless signal on the set T carrier frequencies includes: Perform fast Fourier transform processing on the wireless signal to determine the signal quality of the wireless signal on each of the T carrier frequencies.

20. A first communication device, characterized in that: include: transceiver, used to receive and send signals; Memory, used to store program instructions and data; A processor is used to read program instructions and data in the memory, and implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 through the transceiver.

21. A reconfigurable intelligent surface RIS, characterized in that: include: Multiple basic units; A communication module, used for receiving control instructions; A control module, used to implement the method according to any one of claims 8 to 13 according to the control instruction.

22. A second communication device, characterized in that: include: transceiver, used to receive and send signals; Memory, used to store program instructions and data; A processor is used to read program instructions and data in the memory, and implement the method described in any one of claims 14 to 19 through the transceiver.

23. A communication system, characterized in that: include: The first communication device as claimed in claim 20; The reconfigurable smart surface RIS according to claim 21; as well as The second communication device as claimed in claim 22.

24. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed on a computer, the computer executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 19.

25. A chip, characterized in that: The chip is coupled to a memory, and the chip reads a computer program stored in the memory to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 19.

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