Antenna structure and electronic equipment

Abstract

This disclosure relates to an antenna structure and an electronic device. The antenna structure includes: a metal frame comprising a clearance area, an antenna slot, a first radiator, and a second radiator, the antenna slot connecting the clearance area and the outer side of the metal frame, the antenna slot being located between the first radiator and the second radiator; a feed point and a passive impedance matching circuit, the passive impedance matching circuit being electrically connected between the feed point and the first radiator, wherein, at any given time, the antenna structure covers a frequency range of 1.7 GHz to 6 GHz.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of terminal technology, and in particular to an antenna structure and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of data communication technology, current terminal devices are typically equipped with a feed point and multiple antennas to radiate antenna signals within the required frequency band. In related technologies, to adapt to different usage scenarios, matching circuits and active switching devices are usually configured. The frequency range of the antenna signal is adjusted by switching the matching circuit using the active switching components to meet different usage scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This disclosure provides an antenna structure and electronic device to address the shortcomings of related technologies.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, an antenna structure is provided, comprising:

[0005] A metal frame, comprising a clearance area, an antenna gap, a first radiator, and a second radiator, wherein the antenna gap connects the clearance area and the outside of the metal frame, and the antenna gap is located between the first radiator and the second radiator;

[0006] The antenna structure includes a feed point and a passive impedance matching circuit, wherein the passive impedance matching circuit is electrically connected between the feed point and the first radiator, and the antenna structure covers a frequency range of 1.7 GHz to 6 GHz at the same time.

[0007] Optionally, the ratio of the distance from the location where the passive impedance matching circuit is electrically connected to the feed point to the antenna gap to the length of the first radiator is greater than or equal to 1.8 and less than or equal to 2.2.

[0008] Optionally, the passive impedance matching circuit includes at least four passive devices, wherein at least two passive devices are connected in series and respectively connected in series between the feed point and the first radiator, and at least two passive devices are connected in parallel and respectively connected in parallel with the feed point.

[0009] Optionally, the passive impedance matching circuit includes a first series capacitor and a first series inductor, which are connected in series between the feed point and the first radiator, respectively.

[0010] The passive impedance matching circuit further includes a second parallel capacitor and a second parallel inductor, which are connected in parallel with the feed point, respectively.

[0011] Optionally, the first series capacitor is positioned closer to the feed point than the first series inductor.

[0012] Optionally, one end of the second parallel capacitor is connected between the feed point and the first series capacitor, and the other end is grounded;

[0013] One end of the second parallel inductor is connected between the first series capacitor and the first radiator, and the other end is grounded.

[0014] Optionally, one end of the second parallel capacitor is connected between the first series capacitor and the first series inductor, and the other end is grounded;

[0015] One end of the second parallel inductor is connected between the first series inductor and the first radiator, and the other end is grounded; or, one end of the second parallel inductor is connected between the first series capacitor and the feed point, and the other end is grounded.

[0016] Optionally, the length of the first radiator is greater than or equal to 15 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm.

[0017] Optionally, the length of the second radiator is greater than or equal to 6.5 mm and less than or equal to 8 mm.

[0018] Optionally, the sum of the lengths of the first radiator, the antenna slot, and the second radiator is less than or equal to 25 millimeters.

[0019] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, including an antenna structure as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the metal frame is the middle frame of the electronic device.

[0020] Optionally, the electronic device further includes:

[0021] A screen assembly, the screen assembly being assembled on one side of the mid-frame;

[0022] A plastic component disposed between the first radiator and the screen assembly, and / or the second radiator and the screen assembly.

[0023] Optionally, the middle frame includes a battery opening and a sidewall surrounding the battery opening, wherein the first radiator, the clearance area, and the second radiator are disposed along the length direction of the electronic device and the sidewall is provided.

[0024] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure may include the following beneficial effects:

[0025] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the antenna structure in this disclosure can cover a frequency range of 1.7GHz-6GHz at the same time. Compared with the related technologies that use active switches to switch resonance, it can realize the combination of signals of any frequency band, adapting to more application scenarios. Moreover, the passive circuit matching method in this disclosure eliminates the need for active switches as in related technologies, which can reduce costs and reduce the impact of active switches on antenna signals, thus improving the overall antenna efficiency of the antenna structure. Furthermore, the elimination of active switches reduces the position requirements of the antenna structure, adapting to the current development trend of 200mm narrow bezels and large battery capacity in electronic devices.

[0026] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0029] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of the antenna structure.

[0030] Figure 3 This is an S-parameter curve of an exemplary antenna structure.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a passive impedance matching circuit according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0032] Figure 5 It's a configuration Figure 4 S-parameter curves of some passive components in a passive impedance matching circuit.

[0033] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Smith's circular chart.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another passive impedance matching circuit according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating yet another passive impedance matching circuit according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating another passive impedance matching circuit according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0038] Figure 11 This is a partial schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0039] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0040] The terminology used in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” as used in this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0041] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in this disclosure to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to determination."

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure 100 according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of the antenna structure 100. (See attached image.) Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the antenna structure 100 may include a metal frame 1, a passive impedance matching circuit 2, and a feed point 3. The metal frame 1 may include a clearance area 11, an antenna slot 12, a first radiator 13, and a second radiator 14. The antenna slot 12 connects the clearance area 11 and the outer side of the metal frame 1. The formation of the clearance area 11 allows the first radiator 13 and the second radiator 14 to be formed on the metal frame 1. The antenna slot 12 is located between the first radiator 13 and the second radiator 14. The passive impedance matching circuit 2 can be electrically connected between the first radiator 13 and the feed point 3. The matching of the passive impedance matching circuit 2 can excite the resonant frequencies of the first radiator 13 and the second radiator 14. Simultaneously, the coupling between the first radiator 13 and the second radiator 14 can excite resonances covering a frequency range of 1.7 GHz to 6 GHz at the same time.

[0043] Specifically, by adjusting the length of the first radiator 13, the length of the second radiator 14, the electrical connection position between the feed point 3 and the first radiator 13, and the position of the passive components included in the passive impedance matching circuit 2, the antenna structure 100 can be obtained as shown. Figure 3 The S11 curve shown has its horizontal axis representing frequency (GHz) and its vertical axis representing S-parameters (dB). These S-parameters reflect the callback loss at the corresponding position on the horizontal axis. And as... Figure 2 As shown, the passive impedance matching circuit 2 can form a first resonant point (1.736, -6.6157), a second resonant point (2.52, -7.0737), a third resonant point (4.0488, -13.545), and a fourth resonant point (5.9526, -18.546). This antenna structure 100 can cover a frequency range of 1.7GHz-6GHz, and the S-parameters are all less than -6dB, which meets the requirements of normal radiation of the antenna structure 100. The first radiator 13 can excite a resonance covering a frequency range of 1.7 GHz to 2.1 GHz, while the second radiator 14 can excite a resonance covering a frequency range of 3.3 GHz to 5 GHz. The branch from the point where the feed point 3 is electrically connected to the first radiator 13 to the point where it extends to the antenna gap 12 can excite a resonance covering a frequency range of 2.3 GHz to 2.7 GHz. Through the coupling between the first radiator 13, the second radiator 14, and the branch from the point where the feed point 3 is electrically connected to the first radiator 13 to the point where it extends to the antenna gap 12, resonances covering frequency ranges of 2.7 GHz to 3.3 GHz and 5 GHz to 6 GHz can be excited.

[0044] As can be seen from the above embodiments, in the technical solution of this disclosure, the antenna structure 100 can cover a frequency range of 1.7GHz-6GHz at the same time. Compared with the related technology of switching resonance by active switch, it can realize the combination of signals of any frequency band, adapting to more application scenarios. Moreover, the passive circuit matching method in this disclosure eliminates the need for active switches as in the related technology, which can reduce costs and reduce the impact of active switches on antenna signals, which is conducive to improving the overall antenna efficiency of the antenna structure 100. Furthermore, the elimination of active switches can reduce the position requirements of the antenna structure 100, adapting to the current development trend of narrow bezels and large battery capacity in electronic devices 200.

[0045] In the technical solution disclosed herein, it is necessary to reasonably set the lengths of the first radiator 13 and the second radiator 14, and to reasonably set the connection position between the feed point 3 and the first radiator 13, so that the first radiator 13 and the second radiator 14 can match the signal within the aforementioned frequency band under the action of the passive impedance matching circuit 2. In one embodiment, the length of the first radiator 13 can be greater than or equal to 15 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm, i.e., as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, 15mm ≤ D1 ≤ 10mm is used to avoid the first radiator 13 being too short to excite resonance in the 1.7GHz-2.1GHz frequency range, while also preventing it from being too long and affecting frequency bands outside the 1.7GHz-2.1GHz range. In one embodiment, the length of the second radiator 14 can be greater than or equal to 6.5 mm and less than or equal to 8 mm, i.e., as shown... Figure 2 As shown, 6.5mm ≤ D2 ≤ 8mm is used to avoid the second radiator 14 being too long to excite the required frequency band signal. The distance between the feed point 3 and the first radiator 13 connected to the antenna slot 12 is D3. This distance D3 can be about half the length of the first radiator 13, for example, 1.8 ≤ D1: D3 ≤ 2.2. When the ratio of distance D3 to the length of the first radiator 13 is within this range, resonance in the 2.3GHz-2.7GHz frequency range can be excited, and the impact on other frequency bands can be reduced. Still using... Figure 2 As shown, the sum of the lengths of the first radiator 13, the second radiator 14, and the antenna gap 12 can be D4, where D4 ≤ 25 mm. This helps to reduce the overall size of the clearance area 11 and the metal frame 1 while ensuring the radiation frequency range of the antenna structure 100. It also helps to arrange the layout of other components on the metal frame 1 when the antenna structure 100 is configured in the terminal device.

[0046] To ensure that the antenna structure 100 covers the 1.7GHz-6GHz frequency band, in addition to properly setting the lengths of the first radiator 13, the second radiator 14, and the distance between the feed point 3 and the first radiator 13 connected to the antenna slot 12, the relative positions of the passive components in the passive impedance matching circuit 2 can also be adjusted. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the passive impedance matching circuit 2 may include a first series capacitor 21, a first series inductor 22, a second parallel capacitor 23, and a second parallel inductor 24. The first series capacitor 21 and the first series inductor 22 are connected in series, and both are connected in series between the first radiator 13 and the feed point 3. The first series capacitor 21 is positioned closer to the feed point 3 than the first series inductor 22. Through the matching effect of the first series capacitor 21, the antenna structure 100 can be formed as shown... Figure 5 The S-parameter curve shown is in Figure 5 The first resonant point is (1.7093, -20.528), the second resonant point is (3.4837, -12.992), the third resonant point is (5.0911, -4.6119), and the fourth resonant point is (6.962, -4.9772). However, when only the first series capacitor 21 is connected in series, as shown... Figure 6 As shown in the Smith chart, with a matching impedance of 50 ohms, the impedance matching at each resonant point is not very good. Therefore, the impedance can be pulled low by connecting the first series inductor 22 in series. Figure 5 The resonant frequency of the second resonant point.

[0047] like Figure 4 As shown, one end of the second parallel capacitor 23 can be connected between the first series capacitor 21 and the feed point 3, and the other end can be grounded. One end of the second parallel inductor 24 can be connected between the first series inductor 22 and the first radiator 13. The second parallel capacitor 23 can be used to adjust... Figure 5 The frequencies of the third and fourth resonant points are adjusted to lower frequencies, and this can be achieved through the second parallel inductor 24. Figure 5 The resonance at the first resonant point is adjusted to achieve better impedance matching at that point. Through the above... Figure 4 The first series capacitor 21, the first series inductor 22, the second parallel capacitor 23, the second parallel inductor 24, and their corresponding capacitance and inductance values ​​can be used to obtain, as shown in the figure. Figure 3 The S-parameter curve of the antenna structure 100 shown is illustrated. In fact, as... Figure 7 As shown, one end of the second parallel inductor 24 can also be connected between the first series capacitor 21 and the first series inductor 22, and the other end is grounded. Similarly, by designing the inductance value of the second parallel inductor 24, the following can be achieved: Figure 5The resonance condition of the first resonant point in the middle is adjusted.

[0048] In some other cases, such as Figure 8 As shown, the second parallel capacitor 23 can also be disposed between the first series capacitor 21 and the first series inductor 22, and the second parallel inductor 24 can be disposed between the first series inductor 22 and the first radiator 13, or as... Figure 9 As shown, the second parallel capacitor 23 can also be placed between the first series capacitor 21 and the first series inductor 22, and the second parallel inductor 24 can be placed between the first series capacitor 21 and the feed point 3. Similarly, by designing the corresponding capacitance and inductance values ​​of the first series capacitor 21, the first series inductor 22, the second parallel capacitor 23, and the second parallel inductor 24, the antenna structure 100 can cover the frequency band of 1.7GHz-6GHz.

[0049] exist Figure 5 and Figures 7-9 In the embodiments shown, the first series capacitor 21 is positioned closer to the feed point 3 in the circuit path than the first series inductor 22 for illustration. In fact, in other embodiments, the first series inductor 22 can also be positioned closer to the feed point 3 in the circuit path than the first series capacitor 21. In this case, the relative positions of the second parallel capacitor 23 and the second parallel inductor 24 can refer to the aforementioned embodiments. By simply adjusting the relative positions of the first series capacitor 21 and the first series inductor 22, the antenna structure 100 can still cover the frequency band of 1.7 GHz to 6 GHz.

[0050] In the above embodiments, the passive impedance matching circuit 2 includes four passive devices, namely a first series capacitor 21, a first series inductor 22, a second parallel capacitor 23, and a second parallel inductor 24, for example. In fact, in other embodiments, the passive impedance matching circuit 2 may also include five or more passive devices, and at least two of the five or more passive devices are connected in series with each other and are respectively connected in series between the feed point 3 and the first radiator 13. At least two passive devices are connected in parallel and are respectively connected in parallel with the feed point 3. The specific configuration can be adjusted according to the actual radiation of the antenna structure 100, and this disclosure does not limit it.

[0051] Based on the antenna structure 100 disclosed in the above embodiments, this disclosure also provides a... Figure 10 The electronic device 200 shown may include the antenna structure 100 described in any of the above embodiments, and the metal frame 1 may serve as the middle frame of the electronic device 200, thereby reducing the number of components and optimizing the internal layout of the electronic device 200. When the metal frame 1 serves as the middle frame of the electronic device 200, plastic material can be filled into the antenna gap 12 to avoid signal shielding while improving the appearance. Figure 11 As shown, the metal frame 1 may further include a battery opening and a sidewall surrounding the battery opening. The first radiator 13, the clearance area 11, and the second radiator 14 can all be disposed on the sidewall along the length direction of the electronic device 200. In other words, they can be disposed on a narrower sidewall to fully utilize the various areas of the metal frame 1 and facilitate the layout of other areas. Of course, the electronic device 200 may also include a screen assembly 201. To avoid direct contact between the antenna structure 100 and the screen assembly 201, which would affect the signal radiation of the antenna structure 100, the electronic device 200 may also include a plastic component. This plastic component is disposed between the first radiator 13 and the screen assembly 201, and between the second radiator 14 and the screen assembly 201, to avoid direct contact between the first radiator 13 and the second radiator 14 and the screen assembly 201, thereby reducing the signal influence of the screen assembly 201 on the antenna structure 100. Of course, in other embodiments, the plastic component may also be disposed between the first radiator 13 and the screen assembly 201, or between the second radiator 14 and the screen assembly 201. This disclosure does not impose any limitations on this.

[0052] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the following claims.

[0053] It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized by The antenna structure comprises: a metal frame comprising a clearance, an antenna break, a first radiator and a second radiator, the antenna break being in communication with the clearance and an outside of the metal frame, the antenna break being located between the first radiator and the second radiator; a feed point and a passive impedance matching circuit electrically connected between the feed point and the first radiator, wherein a length of the first radiator is greater than or equal to 15 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm, a length of the second radiator is greater than or equal to 6.5 mm and less than or equal to 8 mm, a ratio of the length of the first radiator to a distance from the passive impedance matching circuit to the antenna break at a position where the passive impedance matching circuit is electrically connected to the feed point is greater than or equal to 1.8 and less than or equal to 2.2, the antenna structure covers a frequency range of 1.7 GHz-6 GHz at the same time, and a sum of lengths of the first radiator, the antenna break and the second radiator is less than or equal to 25 mm.

2. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The passive impedance matching circuit comprises at least four passive devices, at least two of which are connected in series and connected in series between the feed point and the first radiator respectively, and at least two of which are connected in parallel and connected in parallel to the feed point respectively.

3. The antenna structure of claim 2, wherein, The passive impedance matching circuit comprises a first series capacitor and a first series inductor connected in series between the feed point and the first radiator respectively. The passive impedance matching circuit further comprises a second parallel capacitor and a second parallel inductor connected in parallel to the feed point respectively.

4. The antenna structure of claim 3, wherein, The first series capacitor is arranged close to the feed point relative to the first series inductor.

5. The antenna structure of claim 4, wherein, One end of the second parallel capacitor is connected between the feed point and the first series capacitor, and the other end is grounded. One end of the second parallel inductor is connected between the first series capacitor and the first radiator, and the other end is grounded.

6. The antenna structure of claim 4, wherein, One end of the second parallel capacitor is connected between the first series capacitor and the first series inductor, and the other end is grounded. One end of the second parallel inductor is connected between the first series inductor and the first radiator, and the other end is grounded, or one end of the second parallel inductor is connected to the first series capacitor and the feed point, and the other end is grounded.

7. An electronic device, comprising: The electronic device further comprises:

8. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein, a screen assembly assembled to one side of the middle frame; a plastic part arranged between the first radiator and the screen assembly, and / or between the second radiator and the screen assembly. The middle frame comprises a battery opening and a side wall surrounding the battery opening, and the first radiator, the clearance and the second radiator are arranged along the side wall in the length direction of the electronic device.

9. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein, ​

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