A PIFA antenna for 5G dual-band coverage

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of microwave communication technology, specifically relating to a PIFA antenna for 5G dual-band coverage. The invention includes a rectangular metal patch on a top surface, a substrate, and a metal ground plane stacked from top to bottom. A row of grounding vias is disposed through the substrate, and this array of grounding vias is located at the lower end of one side of the rectangular metal patch on the top surface. A coaxial feeding structure is disposed below the rectangular metal patch on the top surface. The antenna excites its fundamental mode TM through the coaxial feeding structure. 0.5,0 Mode and three higher-order modes TM 0.5,1 Pattern, TM 0.5,2 Pattern, and TM 0.5,3 The pattern includes a rectangular metal patch on the upper surface with a first slot along its vertical center line; the first slot has an opening on the side furthest from the grounding via for adjusting the TM. 0.5,1 Pattern and TM 0.5,3 The resonant frequency of the mode; a pair of second slits are orthogonally arranged on both sides of the first slit; the second slits are used to modulate the TM. 0.5,0 Pattern and TM 0.5,2 The resonant frequency of the mode. The antenna design proposed in this invention has advantages such as simple structure, relatively wide dual-band coverage, small size, and low profile.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of microwave communication technology, specifically relating to a PIFA antenna for 5G dual-band coverage. Background Technology

[0002] 5G demands significantly higher information transmission rates, requiring a wider absolute bandwidth. The N78 band, ranging from 3.4GHz to 3.6GHz, is the primary 5G band for China Telecom and China Unicom. The N79 band, ranging from 4.8GHz to 5GHz, is the primary 5G band for China Mobile. Currently, microwave dual-band antennas proposed in the industry mainly fall into two categories, each with limitations: The first type achieves dual-band coverage by exciting two or more operating modes in a single resonator. However, due to the difficulty in exciting three or more modes and simultaneously achieving flexible mode control, this often results in excessively narrow antenna bandwidth, failing to achieve full band coverage. The second method uses a multi-resonator structure to provide multiple resonant modes for dual-band coverage, but this design generally has a complex structure, which is not conducive to terminal device applications.

[0003] Among numerous antennas, microstrip antennas stand out due to their superior performance, including light weight, low profile, ease of integration, low cost, and simple structure. They are widely used in mobile communications, microwave remote sensing, and other fields, achieving remarkable results. Compared to traditional microstrip patch antennas, the planar inverted F-shaped antenna (PIFA) can be viewed as a microstrip patch antenna with one end short-circuited. It has a more compact size than traditional microstrip patch antennas, but still suffers from the drawback of narrow impedance bandwidth.

[0004] Against this backdrop, in the field of terminal antenna technology, designing an antenna that covers the N78 / N79 dual-band and has advantages such as miniaturization and simple structure is of great research significance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above problems and propose a PIFA antenna for 5G dual-band coverage.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A PIFA antenna for 5G dual-band coverage includes a rectangular metal patch on the upper surface, a substrate, and a metal ground layer stacked from top to bottom. The substrate has a row of grounding vias arranged in an array, one side of the rectangular metal patch. A coaxial feed structure is disposed below the rectangular metal patch. The antenna excites its fundamental mode TM through the coaxial feed structure. 0.5,0 Mode and three higher-order modes TM0.5,1 Pattern, TM 0.5,2 Pattern, and TM 0.5,3 The upper surface rectangular metal patch has a first slit along its vertical center line; the first slit has an opening on the side furthest from the grounding via, for adjusting TM. 0.5,1 Pattern and TM 0.5,3 The resonant frequency of the mode; a pair of second slits are orthogonally arranged on both sides of the first slit; the second slits are used to modulate the TM. 0.5,0 Pattern and TM 0.5,2 The resonant frequency of the mode.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the antenna height is 1.2 mm (~0.014λ1@3.5GHz); the antenna planar dimensions are 0.57λ1×0.11λ1 (~λ1@3.5GHz).

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the substrate uses a low dielectric constant substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.5 and a loss angle of 0.0035.

[0010] The PIFA antenna for 5G dual-band coverage described in this invention has the following technical advantages compared with existing technologies:

[0011] (1) The present invention provides a design of a 5G dual-band microstrip antenna with both small planar size and low profile; the present invention achieves two modes in the 3.4GHz-3.6GHz frequency band and two resonant modes in the 4.8GHz-5.0GHz frequency band, thus achieving coverage of two 5G frequency bands.

[0012] (2) The present invention uses the PIFA antenna design scheme, which has a compact structure and a small radiating element plane size. The radiating element plane size is 0.57λ1×0.11λ1 (λ1@3.5GHz). Under this structural area, the antenna design proposed in this invention has the advantages of simple structure, relatively wide dual frequency band, small size and low profile. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a top view of the antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a side view of the antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 |S is the antenna element of this embodiment of the invention. 11| and a schematic diagram of the gain simulation results;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a simulated radiation pattern of the antenna element at 3.5 GHz according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 6 This is a simulated radiation pattern of the antenna element at 4.9 GHz in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] In the attached diagram, 1-rectangular metal patch on the upper surface; 2-substrate; 3-metal ground; 4-grounding via; 5-coaxial power supply structure. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the following examples are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a PIFA antenna for 5G dual-band coverage includes a rectangular metal patch 1, a substrate 2, and a metal ground 3 stacked from top to bottom. A row of grounding vias 4 is provided through the substrate 2, and this array of grounding vias 4 is located at the lower end of one side of the rectangular metal patch 1. A coaxial feed structure 5 is provided below the rectangular metal patch 1. The antenna excites its fundamental mode TM through the coaxial feed structure 5. 0.5,0 Mode and three higher-order modes TM 0.5,1 Pattern, TM 0.5,2 Pattern, and TM 0.5,3 Pattern; A rectangular metal patch 1 on the upper surface has a first slot along its vertical center line; the first slot has an opening on the side away from the grounding via 4 for adjusting TM. 0.5,1 Pattern and TM 0.5,3 The resonant frequency of the mode; a pair of second slits are orthogonally arranged on both sides of the first slit; the second slits are used to modulate the TM. 0.5,0 Pattern and TM 0.5,2 The resonant frequency of the mode.

[0022] This antenna can generate two modes within the target frequency band, namely TM in the N78 band. 0.5,0 Mode (3.4GHz) and TM 0.5,1 TM mode (3.6GHz) and N79 band 0.5,2 Mode (4.8GHz) and TM 0.5,3The invention achieves two resonant modes in the 3.4GHz-3.6GHz band and two resonant modes in the 4.8GHz-5.0GHz band. Ultimately, this invention realizes a 5G dual-band broadband design, successfully covering the target frequency bands N78 (3.4GHz-3.6GHz) and N79 (4.8GHz-5.0GHz).

[0023] This antenna design primarily addresses the problems of narrow bandwidth, large planar size, and difficulty in individually adjusting each frequency band in existing microwave dual-band antenna designs. First, by appropriately selecting the feed point location, the four required modes are excited. Second, by loading two types of slots (horizontal and vertical slots), the frequency distribution of the above four modes can be flexibly adjusted, enabling the mode (TM) to achieve optimal performance. 0.5,0 ,TM 0.5,1 Located in the 3.4GHz-3.6GHz frequency band, mode (TM) 0.5,2 ,TM 0.5,3 The mode was located in the 4.8GHz-5.0GHz frequency band, and finally achieved successful coverage of the two target frequency bands, N78 (3.4GHz-3.6GHz) and N79 (4.8GHz-5.0GHz).

[0024] The antenna used in this invention features a low profile height, with an overall antenna height of only 1.2 mm (~0.014λ1@3.5GHz); its compact structure requires only small unit planar dimensions, with antenna planar dimensions of 0.57λ1×0.11λ1 (~λ1@3.5GHz). The substrate 2 of this invention uses a low dielectric constant substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.5 and a loss angle of 0.0035°.

[0025] This antenna can simultaneously include two frequency bands, N78 (3.4GHz-3.6GHz) and N79 (4.8GHz-5.0GHz), but is not limited to the 3.4GHz-3.6GHz and 4.8GHz-5.0GHz bands. This design technology can be applied to other 5G frequency bands.

[0026] In practice, the simulation software used is HFSS, and the transmission response of the antenna element is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, with |S 11 With a standard of ≤-6dB, the impedance bandwidth range is 3.4-3.6GHz (relative bandwidth of 5.7%) and 4.8-5GHz (relative bandwidth of 4.08%), which shows that it covers the N78 (3.4GHz–3.6GHz) and N79 (4.8GHz–5.0GHz) bands very well, achieving wideband coverage of 5G dual-band. Figure 5 and Figure 6This is the simulated radiation pattern of this antenna element. Figure 5 The simulated radiation pattern is shown at 3.5 GHz. Figure 6 The simulated radiation pattern is shown at 4.9 GHz. Figure 5 The image shows the simulated radiation pattern of this antenna element at 3.5 GHz. The antenna element of this invention achieves a gain of 5.5 dBi and an antenna efficiency of 73% at 3.5 GHz. Figure 6 The simulated radiation pattern of this antenna element at 4.9 GHz shows that the antenna element of this invention achieves a gain of 5.4 dBi and an antenna efficiency of 70% at 4.9 GHz.

[0027] The specific implementation schemes described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific implementation schemes of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principles of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A PIFA antenna for 5G dual-band coverage, comprising a rectangular metal patch (1) on the upper surface, a substrate (2), and a metal ground (3) stacked from top to bottom, characterized in that, The substrate (2) has a row of grounding vias (4) arranged through it, and the array of the row of grounding vias (4) is located at the lower end of one side of the rectangular metal patch (1) on the upper surface; a coaxial feeding structure (5) is arranged below the rectangular metal patch (1) on the upper surface; the antenna excites its fundamental mode TM through the coaxial feeding structure (5). 0.5,0 Mode and three higher-order modes TM 0.5,1 Pattern, TM 0.5,2 Pattern, and TM 0.5,3 The upper surface rectangular metal patch (1) has a first gap along its vertical center line; the first gap is opened on the side away from the grounding through hole (4) for adjusting TM. 0.5,1 Pattern and TM 0.5,3 The resonant frequency of the mode; a pair of second slits are orthogonally arranged on both sides of the first slit; the second slits are used to modulate the TM. 0.5,0 Pattern and TM 0.5,2 The resonant frequency of the mode.

2. The PIFA antenna for 5G dual-band coverage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna has a height of 1.2 mm (~0.014λ1@3.5GHz); the antenna planar dimensions are 0.57λ1×0.11λ1 (~λ1@3.5GHz).

3. The PIFA antenna for 5G dual-band coverage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate (2) uses a low dielectric constant dielectric substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.5 and a loss angle of 0.0035.

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