A hole-type spillway anchoring device and its anchoring method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tunnel type spillway anchoring device and an anchoring method thereof. The bottom surface of the tunnel type spillway is effectively anchored by arranging anti-slip pile foundations on the bottom surface of the tunnel type spillway; the side walls of the tunnel type spillway are prevented from being directly impacted by flood water by installing side retaining walls on both side walls of the tunnel type spillway; and tension and compression anchors are arranged inside both sides of the tunnel type spillway. The side retaining walls on both sides are tension-anchored by prestressed tension anchor cables between the tension and compression anchors on both sides, thereby improving the stability of the side retaining walls; and the connection between the side retaining walls and the top supporting arch is synchronously compressed and anchored by the tension and compression anchors, thereby making the connection between the top supporting arch and the side retaining walls tighter and more stable; and the top supporting arch installed based on the side retaining walls on both sides can effectively support and anchor the arch top of the tunnel type spillway, thereby ensuring that the entire tunnel type spillway can remain stable under the conditions of large flood discharge and strong water flow impact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of anchoring of tunnel spillways, and particularly relates to an anchoring device for a tunnel spillway and an anchoring method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A tunnel spillway is a structure connected to a tunnel and used to quickly drain the accumulated water in the tunnel. Since the water flow rate of the tunnel spillway is larger than that of a general spillway, and the water flowing out of the tunnel spillway contains a large amount of sand and gravel, when the tunnel spillway discharges flood water, the impact force of the water flow on the tunnel spillway is much greater than that of a general spillway. In order to prevent the tunnel spillway from causing soil layer slippage or even tunnel spillway collapse under the impact of a large amount of strong water flow, it is necessary to anchor the tunnel spillway. In the prior art, components such as support plates and anti-slide pile foundations are usually arranged inside the tunnel spillway to support the inside of the tunnel spillway, and at the same time, the inside of the tunnel spillway is anchored by anchor bolts. However, in the traditional anchoring structure, usually a large amount of anchoring is mainly carried out on the anti-slide pile foundations located at the bottom of the tunnel spillway, but for the side walls and the arch top of the tunnel spillway, only the soil layer is anchored by anchor bolts. Due to the large water flow rate and large water flow impact force inside the tunnel spillway, the traditional anchoring structure is difficult to ensure the stability of the side walls and the arch top of the tunnel spillway, and the problem of loosening of the soil layer on the side walls and the arch top of the tunnel spillway will occur under the long-term impact of flood water. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the invention is to provide an anchoring device for a tunnel spillway and an anchoring method thereof, so as to realize synchronous support and reinforcement of the bottom, side walls and arch top of the tunnel spillway, and at the same time effectively pull the side walls of the tunnel spillway, further improving the support and anchoring effect of the whole tunnel spillway.

[0004] The invention is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0005] An anchoring device for a tunnel spillway and an anchoring method thereof are used for anchoring the tunnel spillway, and include anti-slide pile foundations arranged on the bottom surface of the tunnel spillway, and the anti-slide pile foundations are anchored on the bottom surface of the tunnel spillway through bottom anchor fittings; side retaining walls are arranged on the left and right sides of the anti-slide pile foundations, and the side retaining walls are anchored on the side walls of the tunnel spillway through side wall anchor bolts; a top support arch for supporting the arch top of the tunnel spillway is arranged between the tops of the side wall anchor bolts on the left and right sides, the top support arch is anchored on the arch top of the tunnel spillway through top anchor bolts, and a tension-compression combined anchor fitting for simultaneously anchoring the top support arch and the side wall anchor bolts is correspondingly arranged between the connection parts of the left and right ends of the top support arch and the side wall anchor bolts on the left and right sides, and the anchoring ends of the tension-compression combined anchor fittings on the left and right sides extend towards the bottom surface of the tunnel spillway, and a prestressed tension cable is arranged between the anchoring ends of the tension-compression combined anchor fittings on the left and right sides.

[0006] The ground of the tunnel spillway is anchored and reinforced by anti-sliding pile foundations. At the same time, the side retaining walls are anchored and installed on the left and right side walls of the tunnel spillway with the left and right ends of the anti-sliding pile foundations as support, and the side walls on both sides of the tunnel spillway are anchored by the side retaining walls. At the same time, in order to improve the anchoring effect of the side walls, tension and compression anchors are pre-embedded inside the side walls of the tunnel spillway. The tension and compression anchors have two functions. One is to synchronously press and anchor the connection between the side retaining wall and the top support arch, so that the top of the side retaining wall is firmly connected to the top support arch, thereby providing sufficient support force for the top support arch to support the arch of the tunnel spillway. The second is to extend the tension and compression anchors pre-buried in the side walls of the tunnel spillway toward the bottom of the tunnel spillway, and at the same time, the tension and compression anchors on both sides are pulled by prestressed tension anchor cables, thereby achieving tension and anchoring of the side retaining walls on both sides, further improving the anchoring and reinforcement effect of the tunnel spillway. The top of the anti-sliding pile foundation is the flood discharge surface, and a flood discharge trough or flood discharge ditch is provided to allow the overflowing flood to quickly flow out through the top of the anti-sliding pile foundation.

[0007] In order to better realize the present invention, further, the tension-compression anchor comprises a side wall compression anchor rod and a tension anchor rod. The side wall compression anchor rod is perpendicular to the side wall of the tunnel type spillway and is anchored between the connection between the top support arch and the side wall anchor rod. The compression end of the side wall compression anchor rod is simultaneously toward the connection between the top support arch and the side wall anchor rod of the side wall compression of the tunnel type spillway. The anchoring end of the side wall compression anchor rod extends to the inside of the side wall of the tunnel type spillway and is provided with an expansion clamping portion. The tension anchor rod is arranged inside the side wall of the tunnel type spillway in the vertical direction, and the top end of the tension anchor rod is clamped with the expansion clamping portion on the anchoring end of the side wall compression anchor rod, and the bottom end of the tension anchor rod extends toward the bottom surface of the tunnel type spillway and is connected to one end of the prestressed tension anchor cable.

[0008] In order to better realize the present invention, further, the anchoring end of the side wall compression anchor rod is provided with a through groove for installing the expansion clamping part, and the expansion clamping part includes expansion claws symmetrically arranged on both sides of the through groove and opened and closed with each other, and a driving rod is arranged inside the side wall compression anchor rod along the axial movement, one end of the driving rod is connected with the expansion claws on both sides of the through groove and the expansion claws on both sides are driven to open toward the outside of the through groove or close toward the inside of the through groove synchronously through the axial movement of the driving rod, and the expansion claws on both sides are opened toward the outside of the through groove synchronously and clamped with the top end of the tension anchor rod.

[0009] In order to better implement the present invention, further, the pressing end of the side wall pressing anchor rod extends to the outside of the side wall of the cave spillway and is provided with a pressing plate for synchronously pressing the connection between the top support arch and the side wall anchor rod.

[0010] To better implement the present invention, further, a connection hole for the anchoring end of the sidewall pressing anchor rod to pass through is provided at the top end of the tension tie anchor rod, and a clamping groove for the expansion claws to open and engage is provided on the sidewall of the connection hole.

[0011] To better implement the present invention, further, an anchoring cone is provided at the bottom end of the tension tie anchor rod, a connection sleeve is provided at the top of the anchoring cone, and the connection sleeve is clamped with one end of the prestressed tension tie cable.

[0012] To better implement the present invention, further, the bottom anchor includes a bottom anchoring flange sleeve, a bottom anchor rod, an anchoring pressing plate, and an anchoring bolt. The anchoring flange sleeve is arranged at the bottom of the shaft spillway, the top end of the anchoring flange sleeve passes upward through the anti-sliding pile foundation and is provided with a connection flange, the bottom anchor rod is inserted inside the bottom anchoring flange sleeve and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shaft spillway, an anchoring pressing plate for pressing down the top of the anti-sliding pile foundation is provided at the top end of the bottom anchor rod, and the anchoring pressing plate is connected to the connection flange through the anchoring bolt.

[0013] To better implement the present invention, further, a casting groove is provided at the top of the anti-sliding pile foundation, and a through hole for the anchoring flange sleeve to pass through is provided on the bottom surface of the casting groove.

[0014] A method for anchoring a shaft spillway, implemented based on the above-mentioned shaft spillway anchoring device, includes the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Anchor the anti-sliding pile foundation to the bottom surface of the shaft spillway through the bottom anchor, construct temporary supports on the left and right sides of the shaft spillway based on the anti-sliding pile foundation, and then construct installation grooves on the left and right side surfaces of the shaft spillway.

[0016] Step 2: Install the tension tie and pressing anchor in the installation groove, and install a prestressed tension tie cable between the bottom ends of the tension tie and pressing anchors on the left and right sides.

[0017] Step 3: Anchor the side retaining walls on the left and right side surfaces of the shaft spillway through sidewall anchor rods, support the side retaining walls through temporary supports, and at the same time reserve grouting ports communicating with the installation grooves on the side retaining walls.

[0018] Step 4: Construct a top support arch between the top ends of the side retaining walls on the left and right sides, and anchor the top support arch to the crown of the shaft spillway through top anchor rods.

[0019] Step 5: Synchronously press the connection between the side retaining wall and the top support arch through the pressing end of the tension tie and pressing anchor, and pre-tighten the prestressed tension tie cable.

[0020] Step 6: Inject concrete into the installation groove through the grouting port on the side retaining wall, and remove the temporary support after the concrete has solidified and reached the standard.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0022] In the present invention, anti-slip pile foundations are arranged on the bottom surface of the tunnel spillway and reinforced through bottom anchor fittings, and then the bottom surface of the tunnel spillway is effectively anchored through the anti-slip pile foundations; side retaining walls are installed on both side walls of the tunnel spillway through side wall anchor bolts, which can effectively prevent the side walls of the tunnel spillway from being directly impacted by flood water, ensuring the stability of the side walls of the tunnel spillway. At the same time, tension-compression combined anchor fittings are arranged inside both sides of the tunnel spillway, and the side retaining walls on both sides are tension-anchored through the prestressed tension anchor cables between the tension-compression combined anchor fittings on both sides, further improving the stability of the side retaining walls. Moreover, the connection between the side retaining walls and the top support arch is synchronously pressed and anchored through the tension-compression combined anchor fittings, making the connection between the top support arch and the side retaining walls more tightly and stably connected. At the same time, the top support arch installed relying on the side retaining walls on both sides can effectively support and anchor the arch top of the tunnel spillway, thereby ensuring that the entire tunnel spillway can remain stable under the conditions of large flood discharge and strong water flow impact force. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the tension-compression combined anchor fitting;

[0025] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the side wall compression anchor bolt;

[0026] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the tension anchor bolt;

[0027] Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the bottom anchor fitting.

[0028] Wherein: 1 - anti-slip pile foundation; 2 - bottom anchor fitting; 3 - side retaining wall; 4 - side wall anchor bolt; 5 - tension-compression combined anchor fitting; 6 - prestressed tension anchor cable; 7 - top support arch; 8 - top anchor bolt; 21 - bottom anchoring flange sleeve; 22 - bottom anchor bolt; 23 - anchoring pressure plate; 24 - anchoring bolt; 51 - side wall compression anchor bolt; 52 - tension anchor bolt; 511 - through groove; 512 - expansion claw; 513 - driving rod; 514 - compression plate; 521 - connection hole; 522 - clamping groove; 523 - anchoring cone; 524 - connection sleeve. Detailed Embodiment

[0029] Embodiment 1:

[0030] An anchoring device for a tunnel spillway in this embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, is used to anchor the tunnel spillway, including anti-sliding pile foundations 1 arranged on the bottom surface of the tunnel spillway. The anti-sliding pile foundations 1 are anchored to the bottom surface of the tunnel spillway through bottom anchor members 2; side retaining walls 3 are arranged on the left and right sides of the anti-sliding pile foundations 1, and the side retaining walls 3 are anchored to the side walls of the tunnel spillway through side wall anchor bolts 4; a top support arch 7 for supporting the vault of the tunnel spillway is arranged between the tops of the side wall anchor bolts 4 on the left and right sides. The top support arch 7 is anchored to the vault of the tunnel spillway through top anchor bolts 8. Opposite to the connection parts between the left and right ends of the top support arch 7 and the side wall anchor bolts 4 on the left and right sides, tension-compression combined anchor members 5 for simultaneously anchoring the top support arch 7 and the side wall anchor bolts 4 are correspondingly arranged. The anchoring ends of the tension-compression combined anchor members 5 on the left and right sides extend towards the bottom surface of the tunnel spillway, and a prestressed tension cable 6 is arranged between the anchoring ends of the tension-compression combined anchor members 5 on the left and right sides.

[0031] A number of bottom anchor members 2 are arrayed and inserted on the anti-sliding pile foundations 1. The anchoring ends of the bottom anchor members 2 are inserted into the soil layer of the bottom surface of the tunnel spillway, and the other ends of the bottom anchor members 2 press the anti-sliding pile foundations 1 towards the bottom surface of the tunnel spillway, so that the anti-sliding pile foundations 1 are firmly fixed on the bottom surface of the tunnel spillway. Furthermore, in order to improve the anchoring effect of the anti-sliding pile foundations 1 on the soil layer of the bottom surface of the tunnel spillway, a number of anti-sliding protrusions are arrayed on the bottom surface of the anti-sliding pile foundations 1. The anti-sliding protrusions are inserted into the soil layer to cooperate with the bottom anchor members 2 to achieve anchoring.

[0032] After the anti-sliding pile foundations 1 are anchored, the tension-compression combined anchor members 5 can be embedded in the left and right side walls of the tunnel spillway with the left and right ends of the anti-sliding pile foundations 1 as the support. The compression ends of the tension-compression combined anchor members 5 are arranged corresponding to the joints between the top ends of the side retaining walls 3 and the left and right ends of the top support arch 7. The bottom ends of the tension-compression combined anchor members 5 on the left and right sides extend towards the bottom surface of the tunnel spillway, and the bottom ends of the tension-compression combined anchor members 5 on the left and right sides are connected by a prestressed tension cable 6. Installation grooves for passing the prestressed tension cable 6 are reserved on the anti-sliding pile foundations 1. Then, with the left and right ends of the anti-sliding pile foundations 1 as the support, the side retaining walls 3 are anchored and installed on the left and right side surfaces of the tunnel spillway through the side wall anchor bolts 4. A number of anchoring holes for passing the side wall anchor bolts 4 are arrayed on the side retaining walls 3. By inserting the side wall anchor bolts 4 into the anchoring holes and driving the side wall anchor bolts 4 into the side walls of the tunnel spillway, the side retaining walls 3 are anchored to the side walls of the tunnel spillway, and the side walls of the tunnel spillway are anchored and reinforced through the side retaining walls 3.

[0033] After the installation of the side retaining walls 3 on the left and right sides is completed, the top support arch 7 can be installed between the top ends of the side retaining walls 3 on the left and right sides. A lower semicircular hole is provided at the top of the side retaining wall 3, and upper semicircular holes are provided on the assembly ends at the left and right ends of the top support arch 7, which are assembled with the lower semicircular hole to form a circular hole, and the circular hole is for the pressing end of the tension and compression anchor 5 to pass through. After the top support arch 7 is assembled on the top of the side retaining wall 3, the joint seam between the top support arch 7 and the side retaining wall 3 can be pressed and anchored by the pressing end of the tension and compression anchor 5, and then the top support arch 7 is anchored on the arch top of the cave-type spillway by the top anchor rod 8.

[0034] Through the cooperation of the anti-sliding pile foundation 1, the side retaining wall 3, and the top support arch 7, the bottom surface, side wall, and arch top of the tunnel-type spillway are anchored and supported, effectively improving the stability of the tunnel-type spillway. At the same time, the tension and compression anchors 5 on both sides are pulled by the prestressed tension anchor cable 6, thereby pulling the side retaining walls 3 on the left and right sides, further improving the stability of the side walls.

[0035] Embodiment 2:

[0036] This embodiment is further optimized on the basis of embodiment 1. Figure 2 As shown, the tension-pressing anchor 5 includes a side wall press-fit anchor rod 51 and a tension anchor rod 52. The side wall press-fit anchor rod 51 is anchored perpendicular to the side wall of the tunnel-type spillway and arranged between the connection between the top support arch 7 and the side wall anchor rod 4. The pressing end of the side wall press-fit anchor rod 51 is simultaneously directed toward the connection between the top support arch 7 and the side wall anchor rod 4 of the side wall press-fit of the tunnel-type spillway. The anchoring end of the side wall press-fit anchor rod 51 extends to the inside of the side wall of the tunnel-type spillway and is provided with an expansion clamping portion. The tension anchor rod 52 is arranged inside the side wall of the tunnel-type spillway in the vertical direction, and the top end of the tension anchor rod 52 is clamped with the expansion clamping portion on the anchoring end of the side wall press-fit anchor rod 51, and the bottom end of the tension anchor rod 52 extends toward the bottom surface of the tunnel-type spillway and is connected to one end of the prestressed tension anchor cable 6.

[0037] The tension anchor rod 52 is pre-buried in the side wall of the tunnel spillway along the vertical direction, so that the top of the tension anchor rod 52 is set corresponding to the connection between the side retaining wall 3 and the top support arch 7, and the bottom of the tension anchor rod 52 extends to the bottom surface of the tunnel spillway. Then the side wall compression anchor rod 51 is inserted into the side wall of the tunnel spillway through the circular hole between the connection between the side retaining wall 3 and the top support arch 7, so that the expansion clamping part is clamped with the top of the tension anchor rod 52, and at the same time, the prestressed tension anchor cable 6 is inserted into the installation groove on the anti-sliding pile foundation 1, and the bottom ends of the tension anchor rods 52 on the left and right sides are connected by the prestressed tension anchor cable 6, and then the prestressed tension anchor cable 6 is pre-tightened, so that the compression end of the side wall compression anchor rod 51 presses the connection between the side retaining wall 3 and the top support arch 7 toward the side wall of the tunnel spillway.

[0038] The other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, so they will not be described in detail.

[0039] Embodiment 3:

[0040] This embodiment is further optimized on the basis of the above Embodiment 1 or 2. For example, Figure 3 As shown, a through groove 511 for installing the expansion engaging part is provided at the anchoring end of the side wall pressing anchor rod 51. The expansion engaging part includes expansion claws 512 symmetrically arranged on both sides inside the through groove 511 and opening and closing with each other. An actuating rod 513 is arranged inside the side wall pressing anchor rod 51 to move axially. One end of the actuating rod 513 is connected to the expansion claws 512 on both sides inside the through groove 511, and the axial movement of the actuating rod 513 is used to drive the two expansion claws 512 to open synchronously towards the outside of the through groove 511 or close synchronously towards the inside of the through groove 511. The two expansion claws 512 open synchronously towards the outside of the through groove 511 and engage with the top end of the tie-back anchor rod 52.

[0041] Expansion claws 512 are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides inside the through groove 511. One end of the actuating rod 513 located inside the side wall pressing anchor rod 51 is hinged to one end of the expansion claw 512. When the actuating rod 513 is axially inserted towards the inside of the side wall pressing anchor rod 51, the upper and lower expansion claws 512 are driven to close under the pressure of the inner wall of the side wall pressing anchor rod 51. At this time, the expansion claws 512 retract into the through groove 511 to facilitate the insertion of the side wall pressing anchor rod 51 into the soil layer.

[0042] After the side wall pressing anchor rod 51 is inserted into the side wall soil layer of the shaft spillway, the actuating rod 513 is axially pulled out towards the outside of the side wall pressing anchor rod 51, thereby driving the expansion claws 512 to rotate and open towards the outside of the through groove 511. The opened expansion claws 512 are engaged and connected with the top end of the tie-back anchor rod 52.

[0043] Further, an axial threaded hole is provided inside the side wall pressing anchor rod 51, and an external thread is provided on the outside of the actuating rod 513. By relatively rotating the actuating rod 513 and the side wall pressing anchor rod 51, the actuating rod 513 is driven to axially move inside the side wall pressing anchor rod 51.

[0044] Further, an axial through hole is provided inside the side wall pressing anchor rod 51, and the actuating rod 513 is slidably connected to the axial through hole. The actuating rod 513 is driven to axially move inside the side wall pressing anchor rod 51 by applying an axial external force to the actuating rod 513. After the expansion claws 512 are engaged and connected with the top end of the tie-back anchor rod 52, grout can be injected into the axial through hole of the side wall pressing anchor rod 51 to fix the actuating rod 513.

[0045] Furthermore, the pressing end of the sidewall pressing anchor rod 51 extends to the outside of the sidewall of the shaft spillway and is provided with a pressing plate 514 for synchronously pressing the connection between the top support arch 7 and the sidewall anchor rod 4. The pressing end of the sidewall pressing anchor rod 51 extends to the outside of the sidewall of the shaft spillway and is provided with an external thread. The pressing plate 514 is threadedly connected to the pressing end of the sidewall pressing anchor rod 51 through a threaded hole. By rotating the pressing plate 514, the pressing plate 514 moves towards the sidewall of the shaft spillway until the pressing plate 514 presses and anchors the connection between the side retaining wall 3 and the top support arch 7.

[0046] Other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of the above-mentioned Embodiment 1 or 2, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0047] Embodiment 4:

[0048] This embodiment is further optimized on the basis of any one of the above-mentioned Embodiments 1-3, as Figure 4 shown, a connection hole 521 for the anchoring end of the sidewall pressing anchor rod 51 to pass through is provided at the top end of the tension anchor rod 52, and a clamping groove 522 for the expansion claw 512 to open and engage is provided on the sidewall of the connection hole 521.

[0049] When the expansion claw 512 retracts into the through groove 511, the anchoring end of the sidewall pressing anchor rod 51 can smoothly pass through the connection hole 521 at the top end of the tension anchor rod 52 at this time. Then, the expansion claw 512 is driven to open by the driving rod 513. At this time, the opened expansion claw 512 enters the clamping groove 522 and is clamped with the clamping groove 522, realizing the clamping connection between the sidewall pressing anchor rod 51 and the top end of the tension anchor rod 52.

[0050] Furthermore, an anchoring cone 523 is provided at the bottom end of the tension anchor rod 52, a connecting sleeve 524 is provided at the top of the anchoring cone 523, and the connecting sleeve 524 is clamped with one end of the prestressed tension anchor cable 6. The conical shape of the anchoring cone 523 enables the tension anchor rod 52 to be more easily inserted into the soil layer. A connecting bayonet is provided on the sidewall of the connecting sleeve 524, and a clamping block for clamping with the connecting bayonet is provided at the end of the prestressed tension anchor cable 6. The clamping block is inserted into the connecting bayonet and locked by bolts, thereby realizing the connection between the prestressed tension anchor cable 6 and the connecting sleeve 524.

[0051] Other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of any one of the above-mentioned Embodiments 1-3, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0052] Embodiment 5:

[0053] This embodiment is further optimized on the basis of any one of the above-mentioned Embodiments 1-4, as Figure 5As shown in the figure, the bottom anchor 2 includes a bottom anchor flange sleeve 21, a bottom anchor rod 22, an anchor pressing plate 23, and an anchor bolt 24. The anchor flange sleeve 21 is arranged at the bottom of the tunnel spillway. The top end of the anchor flange sleeve 21 passes through the anti-sliding pile foundation 1 upward and is provided with a connecting flange. The bottom anchor rod 22 is inserted inside the bottom anchor flange sleeve 21 and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tunnel spillway. The top end of the bottom anchor rod 22 is provided with an anchor pressing plate 23 for pressing down the top of the anti-sliding pile foundation 1. The anchor pressing plate 23 is connected to the connecting flange through the anchor bolt 24.

[0054] The anti-sliding pile foundation 1 is provided with a number of through holes for the bottom anchor flange sleeve 21 to pass through in an array. The bottom end of the bottom anchor flange sleeve 21 passes through the through hole and is inserted and anchored into the bottom soil layer of the tunnel spillway. The bottom anchor rod 22 is inserted inside the bottom anchor flange sleeve 21. The bottom end of the bottom anchor rod 22 is an anchoring end and passes through the bottom anchor flange sleeve 21 downward and is anchored into the bottom soil layer of the tunnel spillway. At the same time, an anchor pressing plate 23 is welded or thread-fitted on the outer side of the top end of the bottom anchor rod 22. With the downward pressure of the bottom anchor rod 22, the anchor pressing plate 23 presses the top of the anti-sliding pile foundation 1 downward. Then, the anchor bolt 24 can be inserted between the connecting hole on the anchor pressing plate 23 and the connecting flange to realize the anchoring of the anchor pressing plate 23 to the top of the anti-sliding pile foundation 1.

[0055] Further, a pouring groove is arranged at the top of the anti-sliding pile foundation 1, and a through hole for the anchor flange sleeve 21 to pass through is arranged on the bottom surface of the pouring groove. After the bottom anchor 2 is installed, concrete can be poured in the pouring groove for sealing to further improve the anchoring strength of the anti-sliding pile foundation 1.

[0056] Other parts of this embodiment are the same as any one of the above Embodiments 1-4, so they will not be described in detail.

[0057] Embodiment 6:

[0058] A tunnel spillway anchoring method is realized based on the above tunnel spillway anchoring device, and includes the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: Anchor the anti-sliding pile foundation 1 to the bottom surface of the tunnel spillway through the bottom anchor 2, and construct temporary supports on the left and right sides of the tunnel spillway based on the anti-sliding pile foundation 1, and then construct installation grooves on the left and right side surfaces of the tunnel spillway;

[0060] Step 2: Install the tension-compression anchor 5 in the installation groove, and install the prestressed tension-compression anchor cable 6 between the bottom ends of the tension-compression anchors 5 on the left and right sides;

[0061] Step 3: Anchor the side retaining wall 3 on the left and right side surfaces of the tunnel spillway through the side wall anchor rods 4, support the side retaining wall 3 through temporary supports, and reserve grouting ports communicating with the installation grooves on the side retaining wall 3;

[0062] Step 4: Construct a top support arch 7 between the tops of the side retaining walls 3 on the left and right sides, and anchor the top support arch 7 on the crown of the tunnel spillway through the top anchor rods 8;

[0063] Step 5: Synchronously press-fit the connection between the side retaining wall 3 and the top support arch 7 through the press-fit end of the tension-compression combined anchor 5, and pre-tighten the prestressed tension anchor cable 6;

[0064] Step 6: Inject concrete into the installation groove through the grouting port on the side retaining wall 3, and remove the temporary support after the concrete solidifies and meets the standard.

[0065] As mentioned above, it is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Any simple modification or equivalent change made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hole - type spillway anchoring device for anchoring a hole - type spillway, characterized in that, it includes anti - slide pile foundations (1) arranged on the bottom surface of the hole - type spillway, and the anti - slide pile foundations (1) are anchored to the bottom surface of the hole - type spillway through bottom anchor members (2); side retaining walls (3) are arranged on the left and right sides of the anti - slide pile foundations (1), and the side retaining walls (3) are anchored to the side walls of the hole - type spillway through side - wall anchor rods (4); a top - support arch (7) for supporting the crown of the hole - type spillway is arranged between the tops of the side - wall anchor rods (4) on the left and right sides, the top - support arch (7) is anchored to the crown of the hole - type spillway through top anchor rods (8), and tension - compression combined anchor members (5) for simultaneously anchoring the top - support arch (7) and the side - wall anchor rods (4) are correspondingly arranged between the connection points of the left and right ends of the top - support arch (7) and the side - wall anchor rods (4) on the left and right sides. The anchoring ends of the tension - compression combined anchor members (5) on the left and right sides extend towards the bottom surface of the hole - type spillway, and a prestressed tension - pull anchor cable (6) is arranged between the anchoring ends of the tension - compression combined anchor members (5) on the left and right sides; the tension - compression combined anchor member (5) includes a side - wall compression - combined anchor rod (51) and a tension - pull anchor rod (52). The side - wall compression - combined anchor rod (51) is perpendicularly anchored between the connection points of the top - support arch (7) and the side - wall anchor rod (4) on the side wall of the hole - type spillway. The compression - combined end of the side - wall compression - combined anchor rod (51) simultaneously presses the connection point of the top - support arch (7) and the side - wall anchor rod (4) towards the side wall of the hole - type spillway. The anchoring end of the side - wall compression - combined anchor rod (51) extends into the side wall of the hole - type spillway and is provided with an expansion and engagement part; the tension - pull anchor rod (52) is arranged vertically inside the side wall of the hole - type spillway, and the top end of the tension - pull anchor rod (52) is clamped with the expansion and engagement part on the anchoring end of the side - wall compression - combined anchor rod (51). The bottom end of the tension - pull anchor rod (52) extends towards the bottom surface of the hole - type spillway and is connected to one end of the prestressed tension - pull anchor cable (6).

2. The hole - type spillway anchoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, a through - slot (511) for installing the expansion and engagement part is arranged at the anchoring end of the side - wall compression - combined anchor rod (51). The expansion and engagement part includes expansion claws (512) symmetrically arranged on both sides inside the through - slot (511) and opening and closing with each other. A driving rod (513) is movably arranged along the axial direction inside the side - wall compression - combined anchor rod (51). One end of the driving rod (513) is connected to the expansion claws (512) on both sides inside the through - slot (511), and the axial movement of the driving rod (513) drives the expansion claws (512) on both sides to open towards the outside of the through - slot (511) synchronously or close towards the inside of the through - slot (511) synchronously. The expansion claws (512) on both sides open towards the outside of the through - slot (511) synchronously and are clamped with the top end of the tension - pull anchor rod (52).

3. The hole - type spillway anchoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressing end of the sidewall pressing anchor rod (51) extends to the outside of the sidewall of the tunnel spillway and is provided with a pressing plate (514) for synchronously pressing and connecting the top support arch (7) and the sidewall anchor rod (4).

4. A tunnel spillway anchoring device according to claim 2, wherein, a connection hole (521) for the anchoring end of the sidewall pressing anchor rod (51) to pass through is provided at the top end of the tension anchor rod (52), and a clamping groove (522) for the expansion claws (512) to open and engage is provided on the sidewall of the connection hole (521).

5. A tunnel spillway anchoring device according to claim 3, wherein, an anchoring cone (523) is provided at the bottom end of the tension anchor rod (52), a connection sleeve (524) is provided at the top of the anchoring cone (523), and the connection sleeve (524) is clamped with one end of the prestressed tension anchor cable (6).

6. A tunnel spillway anchoring device according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, the bottom anchor (2) includes a bottom anchoring flange sleeve (21), a bottom anchor rod (22), an anchoring pressing plate (23), and an anchoring bolt (24). The anchoring flange sleeve (21) is arranged at the bottom of the tunnel spillway. The top end of the anchoring flange sleeve (21) passes upward through the anti-sliding pile foundation (1) and is provided with a connection flange. The bottom anchor rod (22) is inserted into the inside of the bottom anchoring flange sleeve (21) and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tunnel spillway. An anchoring pressing plate (23) for pressing down the top of the anti-sliding pile foundation (1) is provided at the top end of the bottom anchor rod (22), and the anchoring pressing plate (23) is connected to the connection flange through the anchoring bolt (24).

7. A tunnel spillway anchoring device according to claim 6, wherein, a pouring groove is provided at the top of the anti-sliding pile foundation (1), and a through hole for the anchoring flange sleeve (21) to pass through is provided on the bottom surface of the pouring groove.

8. A tunnel spillway anchoring method implemented based on the tunnel spillway anchoring device according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein, it includes the following steps: Step 1: Anchor the anti-sliding pile foundation (1) to the bottom surface of the tunnel spillway through the bottom anchor (2), construct temporary supports on the left and right sides of the tunnel spillway based on the anti-sliding pile foundation (1), and then construct installation grooves on the left and right side surfaces of the tunnel spillway; Step 2: Install the tension and pressing anchor fittings (5) in the installation grooves, and install the prestressed tension anchor cable (6) between the bottom ends of the tension and pressing anchor fittings (5) on the left and right sides; Step 3: Anchor the side retaining walls (3) to the left and right side surfaces of the tunnel spillway through the sidewall anchor rods (4), support the side retaining walls (3) through the temporary supports, and at the same time reserve grouting ports communicating with the installation grooves on the side retaining walls (3); Step 4: Construct the top support arch (7) between the top ends of the side retaining walls (3) on the left and right sides, and anchor the top support arch (7) to the arch top of the tunnel spillway through the top anchor rod (8). Step 5: Synchronously press the joint between the side retaining wall (3) and the top support arch (7) through the pressing end of the tension-compression combined anchor (5), and pre-tighten the prestressed tension-compression anchor cable (6). Step 6: Inject concrete into the installation groove through the grouting port on the side retaining wall (3), and remove the temporary support after the concrete solidifies and meets the standard.

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