Locking devices suitable for multi-directional impacts and large loads

Abstract

This invention provides a locking device suitable for multi-directional impacts and large loads, including a locking device base. The locking device base has a three-way linkage mechanism. One link of the three-way linkage mechanism is connected to a telescopic device, another link is connected to the locking device base, and the remaining link is connected to a wedge. The end of the wedge has an inclined surface, and a wedge groove is fixed to the load. The wedge groove has a wedge-shaped surface. The telescopic device drives the wedge to reciprocate towards the wedge groove, so that the inclined surface of the wedge presses against the wedge groove to lock, or the wedge moves away from the wedge groove to unlock. This invention can, with a simple structure, position or lock large loads or equipment of different sizes, shapes, and even random directional impacts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a locking mechanism for large loads, and in particular a locking device suitable for multi-directional impacts and large loads. Background Technology

[0002] Large, non-rigidly constrained equipment, such as equipment mounted with shock absorbers at the bottom, typically uses mechanical locking devices for positioning and fixation. These devices are subject to external random impacts and their own inertia, resulting in significant impact forces, such as inertial forces, acting on the locking devices in random directions. Common locking mechanisms, such as rigid latches, are often unsuitable for locking such equipment under multi-directional, high-impact, heavy-load conditions. In this situation, using common rigid locking mechanisms often has the following drawbacks:

[0003] 1. This type of rigid locking mechanism often requires a high degree of accuracy in the spatial orientation of the equipment, and is generally only applicable to locking equipment where the direction of impact force / load is known.

[0004] 2. When the locking mechanism is subjected to a combination of impact forces from multiple directions, the precision components of the rigid locking mechanism, especially the drive part, are often more easily damaged; for example, when a hydraulic cylinder is used as a locking device, it is easy to damage the hydraulic cylinder if it is subjected to forces that are not along the piston rod axial direction.

[0005] 3. The locking force is difficult to adjust adaptively according to the impact load, which can easily lead to problems such as over-locking or insecure locking.

[0006] For example, CN109436381B_Linked Space Docking Locking and Separation Device and Method or CN207961333U_A Two-Way Locking Mechanism Based on Friction Wedges, or the structure is too complex and difficult to withstand external random impacts. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a locking device suitable for multi-directional impacts and large loads, which can facilitate the positioning and locking of large non-rigidly constrained equipment, and can withstand the effects of random impacts and its own motion inertia.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a locking device suitable for multi-directional impact and large loads, including a locking device base, the locking device base is provided with a three-way linkage mechanism, one link of the three-way linkage mechanism is connected to a telescopic device, another link is connected to the locking device base, and the remaining link is connected to a wedge block. The end of the wedge block is provided with an inclined surface, the wedge groove is fixed on the load, and the wedge groove is provided with a wedge surface. The telescopic device drives the wedge block to reciprocate in the direction of the wedge groove, so that the inclined surface of the wedge block presses against the wedge groove to achieve locking, or the wedge block leaves the wedge groove to achieve unlocking.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the locking device base is provided with a bottom wall and two oppositely arranged side walls, one of which is provided with a wedge block guide frame on the side wall near the wedge groove;

[0010] The structure of the three-way linkage mechanism is as follows: one end of the passive linkage, the load linkage and the drive linkage are connected by a third pin, the other end of the drive linkage is connected to the telescopic device, the other end of the passive linkage is connected to the hinge seat on the inner side of the side wall away from the wedge groove by a first pin, the other end of the load linkage is connected to the wedge block by a second pin, and the wedge block is slidably connected to the wedge block guide frame.

[0011] In the preferred embodiment, the drive link is along the X-direction, and the driven link and load link are approximately along the Y-direction.

[0012] In the preferred embodiment, the end bevel and wedge-shaped surface of the wedge block are mutually wedged together, and the end bevel and wedge-shaped surface extend along the direction of the telescopic axis of the telescopic device.

[0013] In the preferred embodiment, the telescopic device is fixedly connected to the guide block, and the guide block is connected to the drive linkage via a fourth pin.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, a guide base is provided on the base of the locking device, and the guide base is slidably connected to the guide block.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, one end of the guide block is provided with a threaded hole, and the other end of the guide block is provided with a hinge seat. The hinge seat is connected to the drive linkage through a fourth pin. A first guide slider and a second guide slider are provided on both sides of the guide block.

[0016] The guide base has a first slide groove and a second slide groove on both sides. The first guide slider slides in the first slide groove and the second guide slider slides in the second slide groove.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, a friction block is provided on the inclined surface at the end of the wedge, and the friction block is fixedly connected to the wedge. The friction block is made of manganese steel or chromium steel.

[0018] The wedge-shaped groove is made of manganese steel or chromium steel.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, a displacement sensor is provided between the locking device base and the wedge groove to measure the distance between the locking device base and the load.

[0020] In the preferred embodiment, multiple sets of locking devices are provided;

[0021] The telescopic device is a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or an electric push rod;

[0022] Based on the feedback data from the displacement sensor;

[0023] When the telescopic device is a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, the pressure of the pressure medium is controlled to switch between the separation, contact, or compression states between the wedge block and the wedge groove. In the contact state, the load has a margin to move along the axial direction of the telescopic device.

[0024] When the telescopic device is an electric push rod, the output torque of the electric push rod is controlled to switch between the wedge block and the wedge groove in a state of separation, contact or compression. In the contact state, the load has a margin to move along the axial direction of the telescopic device.

[0025] This invention provides a locking device suitable for multi-directional impacts and large loads, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0026] 1. When using an electric actuator, this invention enables precise control of the locking state, facilitating the locking of precision equipment and enabling automated control. When using a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder, the cylinder applies pressure to the load via a transmission mechanism. The impact force of the load, except for the axial force of the hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder, is transmitted to the guide base by the guide block. The axial force of the hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder is effectively absorbed by the pressure medium at the piston end. Therefore, this invention provides better protection for the locking device or precision components under medium load.

[0027] 2. The design of the wedge block and the wedge groove on the load in this invention can achieve reliable self-locking through the action of the friction angle. At the same time, through the adaptive cooperation or adjustment of the contact area of ​​the wedge surface and the inclined surface, even if the spatial position of the load cannot be accurately positioned, the locking device described in this invention can still effectively position and lock large loads.

[0028] 3. As a standard module, this invention has a high degree of modularity and good scalability. For example, the locking device described in this invention can be installed in multiple places around the load or equipment according to the actual situation of the load or equipment or the work requirements, so as to realize the positioning or locking of large loads or equipment of different sizes, shapes, or even large impacts from random directions.

[0029] 4. Since the locking force on the load comes from the pressure or torque of the cylinder, hydraulic cylinder or electric push rod, different degrees of locking effect can be achieved by adjusting the pressure or torque, and it can be applied to different working conditions or loads of different sizes. Moreover, the inherent impact resistance characteristics of the hydraulic or pneumatic system also enable the present invention to be well adapted to large impact loads. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the AA section.

[0034] Figure 4 This is the right view of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the wedge block and wedge groove of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the guide base of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the guide block of the present invention.

[0038] In the figure: locking hydraulic cylinder 1, cylinder body 101, piston rod 102, locking device base 2, guide base 3, support seat 31, first slide groove 32, second slide groove 33, first pin 4, passive connecting rod 5, load connecting rod 6, drive connecting rod 7, second pin 8, wedge block 9, friction block 91, wedge block guide frame 10, wedge groove 11, wedge surface 111, third pin 12, load 13, fourth pin 14, guide block 15, threaded hole 151, first guide slider 152, second guide slider 153, hinge seat 154, displacement sensor 16. Detailed Implementation

[0039] Example 1:

[0040] like Figures 1-4 A locking device suitable for multi-directional impacts and large loads includes a locking device base 2. The locking device base 2 is equipped with a three-way linkage mechanism. One link of the three-way linkage mechanism is connected to a telescopic device, another link is connected to the locking device base 2, and the remaining link is connected to a wedge 9. The end of the wedge 9 is provided with an inclined surface. A wedge groove 11 is fixed on the load 13. A wedge surface 111 is provided on the wedge groove 11. The telescopic device drives the wedge 9 to reciprocate in the direction of the wedge groove 11, so that the inclined surface of the wedge 9 presses against the wedge groove 11 to achieve locking, or the wedge 9 moves away from the wedge groove 11 to achieve unlocking. With this structure, along the X direction, the wedge 9 and the wedge groove 11 are positioned and locked by friction, while along the Z and Y directions, they are limited by the inclined surface of the end of the wedge 9 and the wedge surface 111 of the wedge groove 11. The telescopic device is fixed on the locking device base 2.

[0041] Preferred solutions include Figure 1 , 3 In the process, the locking device base 2 is provided with a bottom wall and two oppositely arranged side walls, one of which is provided with a wedge block guide frame 10 on the side wall near the wedge groove 11;

[0042] like Figure 1 , 2 In the three-way linkage mechanism, one end of the passive link 5, the load link 6 and the drive link 7 are connected by the third pin 12, the other end of the drive link 7 is connected to the telescopic device, the other end of the passive link 5 is connected to the hinge seat on the inner side of the side wall away from the wedge groove 11 by the first pin 4, and the other end of the load link 6 is connected to the wedge block 9 by the second pin 8. The wedge block 9 is slidably connected to the wedge block guide frame 10.

[0043] Preferred solutions include Figure 1 In this configuration, the driving link 7 is along the X-axis, while the driven link 5 and the load link 6 are approximately along the Y-axis. In practice, the driven link 5 and the load link 6 are in a swinging motion.

[0044] Preferred solutions include Figure 1 , 4 In the middle, the end inclined surface and the wedge-shaped surface 111 of the wedge block 9 are mutually wedged surfaces, and the end inclined surface and the wedge-shaped surface 111 extend along the direction of the telescopic axis of the telescopic device;

[0045] Preferred solutions include Figures 1-3 In the middle, the telescopic device is fixedly connected to the guide block 15, and the guide block 15 is connected to the drive linkage 7 through the fourth pin 14.

[0046] Preferred solution personnel such as Figure 1 , 6 In section 7, a guide base 3 is provided on the base 2 of the locking device, and the guide base 3 is slidably connected to the guide block 15.

[0047] Preferred solutions include Figure 7 In the middle, one end of the guide block 15 is provided with a threaded hole 151, which is used to connect the end of the piston rod or electric push rod. The other end of the guide block 15 is provided with a hinge seat, which is connected to the drive connecting rod 7 through the fourth pin 14. A first guide slider 152 and a second guide slider 153 are provided on both sides of the guide block 15.

[0048] The guide base 3 has a first slide groove 32 and a second slide groove 33 on both sides. The first guide slider 152 slides in the first slide groove 32, and the second guide slider 153 slides in the second slide groove 33. This structure can withstand non-axial force components on the hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, or electric actuator, and avoid damage to the hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, or electric actuator.

[0049] Preferred solutions include Figure 7 In the middle, a friction block 91 is provided on the inclined surface at the end of the wedge block 9. The friction block 91 is fixedly connected to the wedge block 9. The friction block 91 is made of manganese steel or chromium steel.

[0050] The wedge groove 11 is made of manganese steel or chromium steel. This structure extends the service life of the wedge block 9 and the wedge groove 11.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, a displacement sensor 16 is provided between the locking device base 2 and the wedge groove 11 to measure the distance between the locking device base 2 and the load 13. The displacement sensor 16 is a laser displacement sensor or a Hall effect displacement sensor.

[0052] Example 2:

[0053] In the preferred embodiment, multiple sets of locking devices are provided; the multiple sets of locking devices are arranged around the load 13.

[0054] The telescopic device is a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or an electric push rod;

[0055] Based on the feedback data from the displacement sensor 16; that is, during the automatic control process, the distance data between the locking device base 2 and the load 13 is fed back by the displacement sensor 16.

[0056] When the telescopic device is a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder, the pressure of the pressure medium is controlled by adjusting the pressure in the circuit supplying the pressure medium to the pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder. This is usually achieved by adjusting the overflow pressure of the relief valve in the circuit. If the pressure exceeds the preset value, the overflow port of the relief valve opens to return oil or release air, thus allowing for more precise control of the pressure medium. The pressure control of the pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder switches the wedge block 9 and the wedge groove 11 between a separated, contact, or compression state. In the contact state, the load 13 has a margin for axial movement along the telescopic device; in the separated state, the locking device releases the load 13; in the compression state, the locking device locks the load 13. When subjected to an axial impact along the piston rod, the guide base 3 bears the non-axial component force, while the piston rod absorbs and buffers the axial component force. In the contact state, the load 13 can slide along the wedge groove 11. Figure 1 The X-axis sliding mechanism is designed to accommodate certain working conditions requiring unidirectional buffering. When the telescopic device is an electric actuator, the output torque of the electric actuator is controlled to switch between separation, contact, or compression states between the wedge block 9 and the wedge groove 11. In the contact state, the load 13 has a margin for movement along the axial direction of the telescopic device.

[0057] When the telescopic device is an electric actuator, the output torque of the electric actuator is controlled to switch the wedge block 9 and the wedge groove 11 between separation, contact, or compression states. In the contact state, the load 13 has a margin for movement along the axial direction of the telescopic device. The advantage of the electric actuator is that it can easily control the output torque, thereby precisely controlling the pressure and distance between the locking device base 2 and the load 13. The electric actuator is equipped with a Hall angle sensor, which facilitates the control of the rotation angle of the drive motor of the electric actuator, enabling locking action control with a simpler structure.

[0058] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be considered as limitations on the present invention. The embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be arbitrarily combined without conflict. The scope of protection of the present invention should be limited to the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A locking device suitable for multi-directional impacts and large loads, comprising a locking device base (2), characterized in that: The locking device base (2) is equipped with a three-way linkage mechanism. The locking device base (2) is provided with a bottom wall and two oppositely arranged side walls, one of which is provided with a wedge block guide frame (10) on the side wall near the wedge groove (11). The structure of the three-way linkage mechanism is as follows: one end of the passive linkage (5), the load linkage (6) and the drive linkage (7) are connected by the third pin (12), the other end of the drive linkage (7) is connected to the telescopic device, the other end of the passive linkage (5) is connected to the hinge seat on the inner side of the side wall away from the wedge groove (11) by the first pin (4), the other end of the load linkage (6) is connected to the wedge block (9) by the second pin (8), and the wedge block (9) is slidably connected to the wedge block guide frame (10); The telescopic device is fixedly connected to the guide block (15), and the guide block (15) is connected to the drive linkage (7) through the fourth pin (14); A guide base (3) is provided on the locking device base (2), and the guide base (3) is slidably connected to the guide block (15); The drive link (7) is along the X direction, and the driven link (5) and the load link (6) are approximately along the Y direction; The end of the wedge (9) is provided with an inclined surface, the wedge groove (11) is fixed on the load (13), the wedge groove (11) is provided with a wedge surface (111), the end inclined surface and the wedge surface (111) of the wedge (9) are two sets of mutually wedged surfaces, and the end inclined surface and the wedge surface (111) extend along the direction of the telescopic axis of the telescopic device; The wedge (9) is driven by the telescopic device to reciprocate in the direction of the wedge groove (11) so that the inclined surface of the wedge (9) presses against the wedge groove (11) to lock, or the wedge (9) leaves the wedge groove (11) to unlock; Multiple sets of locking devices are provided, and the multiple sets of locking devices are arranged around the load (13); The wedge (9) and the wedge groove (11) switch between separation, contact or compression states. In the contact state, the load (13) has a margin to move along the axial direction of the telescopic device, and the load (13) can slide along the wedge groove (11). A displacement sensor (16) is provided between the locking device base (2) and the wedge groove (11) to measure the distance between the locking device base (2) and the load (13).

2. The locking device according to claim 1, suitable for multi-directional impacts and large loads, is characterized in that: One end of the guide block (15) is provided with a threaded hole (151), and the other end of the guide block (15) is provided with a hinge seat. The hinge seat is connected to the drive linkage (7) through the fourth pin (14). A first guide slider (152) and a second guide slider (153) are provided on both sides of the guide block (15). The guide base (3) has a first slide groove (32) and a second slide groove (33) on both sides. The first guide slider (152) slides in the first slide groove (32) and the second guide slider (153) slides in the second slide groove (33).

3. A locking device suitable for multi-directional impacts and large loads according to claim 1, characterized in that: A friction block (91) is provided on the inclined surface at the end of the wedge (9). The friction block (91) is fixedly connected to the wedge (9). The friction block (91) is made of manganese steel or chromium steel. The wedge groove (11) is made of manganese steel or chromium steel.

4. A locking device suitable for multi-directional impacts and large loads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic device is a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or an electric push rod; Based on the feedback data from the displacement sensor (16); When the telescopic device is a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, the pressure of the pressure medium is controlled to switch between the wedge block (9) and the wedge groove (11) in a state of separation, contact or compression. In the contact state, the load (13) has a margin to move along the axial direction of the telescopic device. When the telescopic device is an electric push rod, by controlling the output torque of the electric push rod, the wedge block (9) and the wedge groove (11) can switch between separation, contact or compression states. In the contact state, the load (13) has a margin to move along the axial direction of the telescopic device.

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