Control method, device, equipment and storage medium based on fuel cell system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a control method, device, equipment, and storage medium based on a fuel cell system. The control method based on the fuel cell system includes: obtaining the current density of the fuel cell system; if the current density is within a preset density range, obtaining the voltage change amplitude of the fuel cell system within a preset period, wherein the voltage change amplitude changes in a decreasing manner; performing a level determination based on the voltage change amplitude and a preset amplitude change threshold to obtain a membrane dryness level; screening and processing preset control information based on the membrane dryness level to obtain target control information; and performing preset operations on the fuel cell system based on the target control information. The present invention can detect membrane dryness and execute corresponding preset operations to implement corresponding protective measures for the fuel cell system when there is a risk of membrane dryness in the fuel cell system, thereby reducing irreversible damage to the stack caused by membrane dryness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a control method, device, equipment and storage medium based on a fuel cell system. Background Art

[0002] Currently, in proton exchange membrane fuel cells, the proton exchange membrane is used to conduct protons, and the proton conduction process requires water molecules as carriers. Therefore, when the membrane dries out, the proton conductivity will drop significantly, affecting the normal operation of the battery. If the membrane is in a dry state for a long time, the dry area will continue to expand, eventually causing the entire membrane to dry out and rupture, causing irreversible damage. Therefore, how to reduce membrane drying is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a control method for a fuel cell system that can detect membrane dry-out and execute corresponding preset operations to implement corresponding protective measures for the fuel cell system when the risk of membrane dry-out exists, thereby reducing irreversible damage to the fuel cell stack caused by membrane dry-out.

[0004] The present invention also provides a control device based on the fuel cell system.

[0005] The present invention also provides a control device based on the fuel cell system.

[0006] The present invention also provides a storage medium.

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control method based on a fuel cell system, comprising:

[0008] obtaining a current density of the fuel cell system;

[0009] If the current density is within a preset density range, obtaining a voltage variation amplitude of the fuel cell system within a preset period; wherein the voltage variation amplitude varies in a decreasing manner;

[0010] Performing a grade determination based on the voltage variation amplitude and a preset amplitude variation threshold to obtain a membrane dryness grade;

[0011] Filtering and processing the preset control information according to the film dryness level to obtain target control information;

[0012] A preset operation is performed on the fuel cell system according to the target manipulation information.

[0013] The control method of the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: obtaining the current density of the fuel cell system, judging whether the current density is within a preset density range, if the current density is within the preset density range, obtaining the voltage change amplitude of the fuel cell system within a preset period, judging whether the voltage change amplitude meets the preset amplitude change threshold, determining the membrane dryness level according to the judgment result, filtering the preset control information according to the membrane dryness level, obtaining the target control information, and then performing the preset operation on the fuel cell system according to the target control information, which can detect the membrane dryness situation and perform the corresponding preset operation, so as to perform corresponding protective measures on the fuel cell system when there is a risk of membrane dryness in the fuel cell system, so as to reduce the irreversible damage to the battery stack caused by membrane dryness.

[0014] According to some other embodiments of the control method of the present invention, the method further includes:

[0015] If the current density is a preset density threshold, the coolant inlet temperature of the fuel cell system is gradually reduced by a preset temperature value; wherein the preset density threshold is less than a lower limit of the preset density range.

[0016] According to some other embodiments of the control method of the present invention, the preset amplitude change threshold includes: a first amplitude change threshold and a second amplitude change threshold, and performing level determination based on the voltage change amplitude and the preset amplitude change threshold to obtain the membrane dryness level includes:

[0017] If the voltage variation amplitude is the first amplitude variation threshold, it is determined that the membrane dryness level is the first membrane dryness level;

[0018] If the voltage variation amplitude is the second amplitude variation threshold, it is determined that the membrane dryness level is the second membrane dryness level;

[0019] If the voltage variation amplitude is greater than the second amplitude variation threshold, it is determined that the membrane dryness level is the third membrane dryness level.

[0020] According to some other embodiments of the control method of the present invention, if the membrane dryness level is level one, the target manipulation information includes: adjustment information and load information, and performing a preset operation on the fuel cell system according to the target manipulation information includes:

[0021] reducing the current density of the fuel cell system by a preset density value and reducing the coolant inlet temperature of the fuel cell system by a preset temperature value according to the adjustment information;

[0022] Acquire the voltage variation amplitude after adjustment according to the adjustment information to obtain an updated variation amplitude;

[0023] If the updated change amplitude is smaller than the first amplitude change threshold, the current density is increased to a preset maximum current density according to the load information.

[0024] According to some other embodiments of the control method of the present invention, if the membrane dryness level is level 2, the target control information includes: purge control information and shutdown control information, and performing a preset operation on the fuel cell system according to the target control information includes:

[0025] reducing the purge duration of the fuel cell system to a preset duration according to the purge control information;

[0026] Shutting down the fuel cell system according to the shutdown control information;

[0027] The fuel cell system is purged according to the preset time period.

[0028] According to the control method of some other embodiments of the present invention, the target manipulation information further includes: continuous loading information, and the method further includes:

[0029] According to the continuous loading information, the current density is pulled to a preset maximum current density, and after continuing the preset loading time, the current density is reduced to a preset minimum current density; and this step is repeated until the number of repetitions reaches a preset number.

[0030] According to some other embodiments of the control method of the present invention, if the membrane dryness level is level 2, the target control information includes shutdown protection information, and performing a preset operation on the fuel cell system according to the target control information includes:

[0031] The fuel cell system is controlled to perform a shutdown protection operation according to the shutdown protection information.

[0032] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control device based on a fuel cell system, the device comprising:

[0033] A current density acquisition module, configured to acquire the current density of the fuel cell system;

[0034] a voltage variation amplitude acquisition module, configured to acquire the voltage variation amplitude of the fuel cell system within a preset period if the current density is within a preset density range; wherein the voltage variation amplitude changes in a decreasing manner;

[0035] a membrane dryness level determination module, configured to determine the level based on the voltage variation amplitude and a preset amplitude variation threshold, thereby obtaining the membrane dryness level;

[0036] A control information screening module is used to screen and process the preset control information according to the film dryness level to obtain target control information;

[0037] An operation execution module is used to execute a preset operation on the fuel cell system according to the target manipulation information.

[0038] The control device of the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the current density acquisition module acquires the current density of the fuel cell system, the voltage change amplitude acquisition module determines whether the current density is within the preset density range, and if the current density is within the preset density range, acquires the voltage change amplitude of the fuel cell system within the preset period, the membrane dryness level determination module determines whether the voltage change amplitude meets the preset amplitude change threshold, and determines the membrane dryness level according to the determination result, the control information screening module screens the preset control information according to the membrane dryness level to obtain the target control information, and the operation execution module then executes the preset operation on the fuel cell system according to the target control information, which can detect the membrane dryness situation and execute the corresponding preset operation, so as to execute corresponding protective measures on the fuel cell system when there is a risk of membrane dryness in the fuel cell system, so as to reduce the irreversible damage to the battery stack caused by membrane dryness.

[0039] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control device based on a fuel cell system, comprising:

[0040] at least one processor, and

[0041] a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0042] The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the control method as described in the first aspect.

[0043] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are used to enable a computer to execute the control method as described in the first aspect.

[0044] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or will be understood by practicing the present application. The purpose and other advantages of the present application can be realized and obtained through the structures particularly pointed out in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a specific embodiment of a control method based on a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A flow chart of another specific embodiment of step S102;

[0047] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A flow chart of a specific embodiment of step S103;

[0048] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A flow chart of a specific embodiment of step S105;

[0049] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A flow chart of another specific embodiment of step S105;

[0050] Figure 6 is a flowchart of another specific embodiment of the control method in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 A flow chart of another specific embodiment of step S105;

[0052] Figure 8 This is a module block diagram of a specific embodiment of a control device based on a fuel cell system in an embodiment of the present invention. Description of the drawings:

[0054] Current density acquisition module 801, voltage variation amplitude acquisition module 802, membrane dryness level determination module 803, control information screening module 804, operation execution module 805. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The following will clearly and completely describe the concept and technical effects of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0057] It should be noted that although the system diagram is divided into functional modules and the flow chart shows a logical order, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in an order different from the module division in the system or the order in the flow chart.

[0058] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0059] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, if the word "several" is mentioned, it means more than one; if the word "plurality" is mentioned, it means more than two; if the word "greater than," "less than," or "exceeds," it should be understood as excluding the number itself; if the word "above," "below," or "within" is mentioned, it should be understood as including the number itself. If the word "first" or "second" is mentioned, it should be understood as distinguishing technical features and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, implicitly specifying the number of the indicated technical features, or implicitly specifying the order of the indicated technical features.

[0060] First, the methods involved in this application are analyzed:

[0061] The voltage inspection method collects the single cell voltage (or total stack voltage) of each cell and sends it to the fuel cell system. By checking each cell voltage, the working status of the fuel cell is determined.

[0062] The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy method performs a fast Fourier transform on the output voltage and current of the fuel cell, analyzes the impedance values ​​of the fuel cell at different frequencies, and finally uses a nonlinear fitting method to fit the measured impedance values ​​to obtain the corresponding electrochemical impedance spectrum. The impedance spectrum of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell can generally be obtained by an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measuring instrument, where the high-frequency resistance and low-frequency impedance can be used as diagnostic indicators for membrane dryness and flooding, respectively. This is because the membrane resistance can be approximately described by the high-frequency resistance of the impedance spectrum. The larger the high-frequency resistance, the lower the proton conductivity of the membrane and the lower the membrane water content. In the impedance spectrum, the low-frequency impedance can describe the mass transfer resistance of the battery. According to the water transport mechanism of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, flooding will block the gas diffusion layer and flow channels, resulting in an increase in the mass transfer resistance of the gas.

[0063] Current density. Since the activation area of ​​each battery stack is different, the current density will also be different due to the different activation areas. Assuming that the activation area of ​​the battery stack is 350, the current of 0.1 current density is 35A, and the current of 0.2 current density is 70A.

[0064] Membrane drying occurs when improper water and heat management within a fuel cell causes water to evaporate or dissipate too quickly, leading to a low water content in the proton exchange membrane. In a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the membrane conducts protons, and this process requires water molecules as a carrier. Therefore, when membrane drying occurs, proton conductivity decreases significantly, impacting normal cell operation. Simultaneously, the membrane resistance increases, increasing heat generation when current passes through the membrane. In severe cases, this can lead to localized overheating and burns of the proton exchange membrane. If membrane drying persists for an extended period, the dry area can expand, eventually drying out and rupturing the entire membrane, causing irreversible damage. Therefore, mitigating membrane drying is a pressing issue that needs to be addressed.

[0065] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present application proposes a control method based on a fuel cell system, which can detect membrane drying and perform corresponding preset operations to reduce irreversible damage to the fuel cell stack caused by membrane drying.

[0066] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The flowchart of the control method based on the fuel cell system in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. In some embodiments, it specifically includes but is not limited to steps S101 to S105.

[0067] Step S101, obtaining the current density of the fuel cell system;

[0068] Step S102 , if the current density is within a preset density range, obtaining a voltage variation amplitude of the fuel cell system within a preset period;

[0069] Step S103, performing a grade determination based on the voltage variation amplitude and a preset amplitude variation threshold to obtain a film dryness grade;

[0070] Step S104, filtering and processing the preset control information according to the film dryness level to obtain target control information;

[0071] Step S105 : performing a preset operation on the fuel cell system according to the target control information.

[0072] By executing steps S101 to S105, the current density of the fuel cell system is obtained, and it is determined whether the current density is within a preset density range. If the current density is within the preset density range, the voltage change amplitude of the fuel cell system within a preset period is obtained, and it is determined whether the voltage change amplitude meets the preset amplitude change threshold, and the membrane dryness level is determined based on the determination result. Then, the preset control information is filtered out according to the membrane dryness level to obtain target control information, so that the fuel cell system is controlled to perform the preset operation corresponding to the target control information according to the target control information. The membrane dryness situation can be detected and the corresponding preset operation is executed. When the fuel cell system is at risk of membrane dryness, corresponding protective measures are implemented for the fuel cell system to reduce irreversible damage to the stack caused by membrane dryness.

[0073] In step S101 of some embodiments, after the fuel cell system is started, the current density gradually increases, and the current density of the fuel cell system is calculated by dividing the stack activation area and the current value to monitor the current density of the fuel cell system in real time. 2 The current density corresponds to a current value of 35A, 0.2A / m 2 The current density corresponds to a current value of 70A.

[0074] In step S102 of some embodiments, the preset period is preferably 10s in this application, but this application does not specifically limit the preset period.

[0075] The voltage variation amplitude changes in a decreasing manner.

[0076] Specifically, after starting the fuel cell system, the current density gradually increases. When the current density reaches the preset density range, the fuel cell system obtains the voltage of each cell stack, monitors the average voltage of all cells in real time, that is, the average cell voltage, and then calculates the voltage fluctuation rate of the overall voltage and determines the voltage fluctuation rate. If the voltage fluctuation rate is within 10%, the voltage fluctuation amplitude needs to be monitored. If the voltage fluctuation rate exceeds 10%, the voltage fluctuation amplitude is no longer monitored, but the fuel cell system needs to be checked for flooding or other faults.

[0077] The calculation formula for voltage fluctuation rate Cv is: Where N is the total number of cells in the stack, Vi is the voltage of the i-th cell, and V is the average cell voltage.

[0078] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a control method based on a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention. In some embodiments, step S102 includes but is not limited to step S201.

[0079] In step S201 , if the current density is a preset density threshold, the coolant inlet temperature of the fuel cell system is gradually reduced by a preset temperature reduction value.

[0080] In step S201 of some embodiments, the obtained current density and the preset density threshold are judged. If the current density is the preset density threshold, the coolant inlet temperature of the fuel cell system is adjusted, and the coolant inlet temperature is gradually reduced to the preset temperature value. Corresponding protective measures can be taken for the fuel cell system at a specific current density to reduce irreversible damage to the fuel cell stack caused by membrane drying.

[0081] Specifically, the preset density threshold is preferably 0.2A / m 2 , this application does not specifically limit the preset density threshold.

[0082] For example, if the current density is 0.2A / m 2 , gradually reduce the coolant inlet temperature to the preset lower temperature value.

[0083] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a control method based on a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention. In some embodiments, step S103 includes but is not limited to steps S301 to S303.

[0084] Step S301: If the voltage variation amplitude is the first amplitude variation threshold, the membrane dryness level is determined to be level one;

[0085] Step S302: If the voltage variation amplitude is the second amplitude variation threshold, the membrane dryness level is determined to be level 2 membrane dryness;

[0086] Step S303: If the voltage variation amplitude is greater than the second amplitude variation threshold, it is determined that the membrane dryness level is level three membrane dryness.

[0087] In step S301 of some embodiments, the first amplitude change threshold is preferably 1 mV / s in this application, but this application does not specifically limit the first amplitude change threshold.

[0088] In step S302 and step S303 of some embodiments, the second amplitude change threshold is preferably 3 mV / s in this application, but this application does not specifically limit the second amplitude change threshold.

[0089] It should be noted that if the voltage change amplitude decreases at 1mV / s, the membrane dryness level is level 1. If the voltage change amplitude is 3mV / s, the membrane dryness level is level 2. If the voltage change amplitude is greater than 3mV / s, the membrane dryness level is level 3. Therefore, determining the membrane dryness level by judging whether the voltage change amplitude is within the first amplitude change threshold and the second amplitude change threshold makes it easier to determine the membrane dryness level.

[0090] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 A flow chart of a control method for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. In some embodiments, if the membrane dryness level is level 1, the target control information includes: adjustment information and load information, and step S105 includes but is not limited to steps S401 to S403.

[0091] Step S401, reducing the current density of the fuel cell system by a preset density value and reducing the coolant inlet temperature of the fuel cell system by a preset temperature value according to the adjustment information;

[0092] Step S402, obtaining the adjusted voltage variation range according to the adjustment information to obtain an updated variation range;

[0093] Step S403 : If the updated change amplitude is smaller than the first amplitude change threshold, the current density is increased to a preset maximum current density according to the load information.

[0094] By executing steps S401 to S403, if the membrane dryness level is level one, the target control information includes: adjustment information and load information, and the circuit density of the fuel cell system is adjusted according to the adjustment information to reduce the current density by a preset density value, and the coolant inlet temperature of the fuel cell system is adjusted according to the adjustment information to reduce the coolant inlet temperature by a preset temperature value. Lowering the coolant inlet temperature can increase the relative humidity of the gas at the inlet of the fuel cell stack. The adjusted voltage change amplitude is obtained according to the adjustment information to obtain an updated change amplitude. The updated change amplitude is compared with the first amplitude change threshold. If the updated change amplitude is less than the first amplitude change threshold, the fuel cell system is loaded according to the load information, and the current density is pulled to the preset maximum current density, which can increase the water production of the fuel cell system stack and thereby increase the water content of the proton exchange membrane.

[0095] It should be noted that when the water in the proton exchange membrane is kept in a wet state, the proton membrane can conduct hydrogen ions only under a certain humidity to ensure the performance output of the fuel cell system. In order to achieve the rated power, the fuel cell system must increase the current. According to the polarization curve of the fuel cell system, the greater the output current of the fuel cell system, the lower the voltage output, which limits the total power of the fuel cell system, and the minimum voltage of the fuel cell generally cannot be lower than 0.5V. Therefore, in order to achieve the rated power of the system, the current density needs to be pulled to the maximum current density. At present, the average single-chip voltage at the rated point is generally set at around 0.62V. Among them, the adjustment information includes instructions for reducing the current density, instructions for reducing the coolant inlet temperature, and instructions for obtaining the adjusted voltage change amplitude. The loading information includes instructions for pulling the current density.

[0096] In step S401 of some embodiments, the preset density value is preferably: 0.1A / m 2 , but the preset density value is not specifically limited in this application. The preset temperature value is preferably: 10°C in this application, but the preset density value is not specifically limited in this application.

[0097] For example, when the voltage change amplitude decreases at 1mV / s, the regulation circuit density decreases by 0.1A / m 2 , adjust the coolant inlet temperature to drop by 10°C, obtain the updated change amplitude, and if the updated change amplitude is less than 1mV / s, pull the current density to the preset maximum current density.

[0098] The maximum current density varies slightly depending on the stack, and depends on the level of the stack membrane electrode. The maximum current density of the low-voltage operation version of the stack is generally 1.5 / 1.6A / m 2 The maximum current density of the high-voltage operation version of the battery is generally 1.9 / 2.0A / m 2 The preset maximum current density can be set according to actual conditions and is not specifically limited in this application. When the fuel cell system is loaded to the preset maximum current density, the voltage change amplitude no longer decreases by 1 mV / s, indicating that the overall voltage of the fuel cell system remains stable.

[0099] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 A flow chart of a control method for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. In some embodiments, if the membrane dryness level is level 2, the target control information includes: purge control information and shutdown control information, and step S105 includes but is not limited to steps S501 to S503.

[0100] Step S501, reducing the purge duration of the fuel cell system to a preset duration according to the purge control information;

[0101] Step S502, shutting down the fuel cell system according to the shutdown control information;

[0102] Step S503: Purge the fuel cell system according to a preset time period.

[0103] By executing steps S501 to S503, if the membrane dryness level is level two membrane dryness, the target control information includes: purge control information and shutdown control information, and the purge time of the fuel system is adjusted according to the purge control information, and the purge time is reduced to a preset time. The fuel cell system is shut down according to the shutdown control information, and the fuel cell system is continuously purged for a preset time. When the membrane dryness level is level two membrane dryness, the corresponding preset operation can be performed to perform corresponding protective measures on the fuel cell system when there is a risk of membrane dryness in the fuel cell system, so as to reduce irreversible damage to the fuel cell stack caused by membrane dryness.

[0104] It should be noted that the purge control information includes instructions for adjusting the purge duration, and the shutdown control information includes instructions for controlling the shutdown of the fuel cell system.

[0105] In step S501 of some embodiments, the preset duration is preferably 2 / 3 of the original normal purge duration in this application, but the preset duration is not specifically limited in this application.

[0106] In step S502 of some embodiments, after the fuel cell system is shut down, since the small-cycle PTC heating function of the fuel cell system is always in the off state, the subsequent startup of the fuel cell system needs to use the heat generated by the fuel cell stack itself to enter the hot engine state.

[0107] For example, when the voltage variation amplitude decreases by 3 mV / s, the purge time is reduced to 2 / 3 of the original normal purge time, and then the fuel cell system is shut down and purged for a preset time.

[0108] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 A flow chart of a control method based on a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. In some embodiments, if the membrane dryness level is level 2, the target control information further includes: continuous loading information, and step S105 includes but is not limited to step S601.

[0109] In step S601, the current density is increased to a preset maximum current density according to the continuous loading information, and after the current density is continuously increased for a preset loading time, the current density is reduced to a preset minimum current density; this step is repeated until the number of repetitions reaches a preset number.

[0110] In step S601 of some embodiments, the current density of the fuel cell system is increased to a preset maximum current density based on the continuous loading information, and the current density is maintained at the preset maximum current density for a preset loading duration. The current density is then reduced to a preset minimum current density, and this step is repeated until a preset number of repetitions is reached, at which point the fuel cell system is shut down. This allows the current density of the fuel cell system to be adjusted to protect the fuel cell system when the membrane dryness level reaches level 2. The continuous loading information includes instructions for controlling the continuous loading of the fuel cell system.

[0111] When the fuel cell system is restarted, it must be started according to the preset membrane dry start-up process. The difference between the membrane dry start-up process and the normal start-up process is as follows: If the current density is between 0.1 and 0.6 A / m 2 If the temperature is within the specified range, the coolant inlet temperature will be automatically lowered by the program with a reduction gradient of 10°C. In addition, the PTC will not be turned on when the system starts a small cycle, and the stack inlet temperature will be gradually increased by the heat generated by the stack itself.

[0112] It should be noted that the preset number of times is preferably 3 times in this application, but the preset number is not specifically limited in this application. The preset loading time is preferably 10 minutes in this application, but the preset loading time is not specifically limited in this application. The preset minimum current density is preferably 0.1A / m 2 , but the preset minimum current density is not specifically limited in this application.

[0113] For example, the current density of the fuel cell system is pulled to the preset maximum current density and maintained for 10 minutes, and then the current density is reduced to 0.1A / m 2 After repeating the steps three times or more, the fuel cell system is controlled to shut down.

[0114] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 A flow chart of a control method based on a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. In some embodiments, if the membrane dryness level is level 3, the target control information includes: shutdown protection information, and step S105 includes but is not limited to step S701.

[0115] Step S701 : Control the fuel cell system to perform a shutdown protection operation according to shutdown protection information.

[0116] In step S701 of some embodiments, if the membrane dryness level is level three, the target control information includes: shutdown protection information, forcibly shutting down the fuel cell system according to the shutdown protection information, turning off the corresponding operating equipment inside the fuel cell system, and turning on the equipment used for protection inside the fuel cell system to achieve shutdown protection. When the membrane dryness level is level three, the corresponding preset operations can be performed to perform corresponding protective measures on the fuel cell system when there is a risk of membrane dryness in the fuel cell system, so as to reduce irreversible damage to the fuel cell stack caused by membrane dryness.

[0117] For example, when the voltage change amplitude decreases at a rate greater than 3mV / s, it means that there is a great risk for the fuel cell system to continue to operate, and the fuel cell system is controlled to perform shutdown protection measures: the cathode side back pressure valve is fully opened, and the anode side tail exhaust valve is fully opened; the air compressor is shut down, the shut-off valve is closed, the proportional valve is closed, the hydrogen circulation pump is shut down, the cooling water pump is shut down, the system radiator fan is shut down, and the auxiliary fan is shut down.

[0118] In addition, the present application also discloses a control device based on a fuel cell system, please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a block diagram of a control device for a fuel cell system, disclosed as an embodiment of the present invention. Furthermore, the control device for a fuel cell system can implement the aforementioned control method for a fuel cell system. The control device for a fuel cell system includes: a current density acquisition module 801, a voltage variation acquisition module 802, a membrane dryness level determination module 803, a control information screening module 804, and an operation execution module 805. The current density acquisition module 801, the voltage variation acquisition module 802, the membrane dryness level determination module 803, the control information screening module 804, and the operation execution module 805 are all communicatively connected.

[0119] The current density acquisition module 801 is used to obtain the current density of the fuel cell system. The voltage change amplitude acquisition module 802 is used to obtain the voltage change amplitude of the fuel cell system within a preset period if the current density is within a preset density range, wherein the voltage change amplitude changes in a decreasing manner. The membrane dryness level determination module 803 is used to perform a level determination based on the voltage change amplitude and a preset amplitude change threshold to obtain the membrane dryness level. The control information screening module 804 is used to screen and process the preset control information based on the membrane dryness level to obtain the target control information. The operation execution module 805 is used to execute a preset operation on the fuel cell system based on the target control information.

[0120] It should be noted that the current density of the fuel cell system is obtained by the current density acquisition module 801, and it is determined whether the current density is within the preset density range. If the current density is within the preset density range, the voltage change amplitude acquisition module 802 obtains the voltage change amplitude of the fuel cell system within the preset period, and the membrane dryness level determination module 803 determines whether the voltage change amplitude meets the preset amplitude change threshold, and determines the membrane dryness level according to the result of the determination. Then, the control information screening module 804 filters the preset control information according to the membrane dryness level to obtain the target control information. The operation execution module 805 controls the fuel cell system to execute the preset operation corresponding to the target control information according to the target control information, can detect the membrane dryness situation, and execute the corresponding preset operation, so as to perform corresponding protective measures on the fuel cell system when there is a risk of membrane dryness in the fuel cell system, so as to reduce the irreversible damage to the stack caused by membrane dryness.

[0121] The operation process of the control device based on the fuel cell system of this embodiment is specifically described as follows: Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 The fuel cell system-based control method steps S101 to S105, step S201, step S301 to step S303, step S401 to step S403, step S501 to step S503, step S601 and step S701 are not repeated here.

[0122] Another embodiment of the present invention discloses a control device based on a fuel cell system, comprising: at least one processor, and a memory in communication with the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the following operations: Figure 1 The control method steps S100 to S105, Figure 2 The control method step S201, Figure 3 The control method steps S301 to S303, Figure 4 The control method steps S401 to S403, Figure 5 The control method steps S501 to S503, Figure 6 The control method step S601 and Figure 7 The control method step S701 in the control method is based on the fuel cell system.

[0123] Another embodiment of the present invention discloses a storage medium, the storage medium comprising: the storage medium stores computer executable instructions, the computer executable instructions are used to enable a computer to execute Figure 1 The control method steps S100 to S105, Figure 2 The control method step S201, Figure 3 The control method steps S301 to S303, Figure 4 The control method steps S401 to S403, Figure 5 The control method steps S501 to S503, Figure 6 The control method step S601 and Figure 7 The control method step S701 in the control method is based on the fuel cell system.

[0124] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, i.e., they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected based on actual needs to achieve the objectives of this embodiment.

[0125] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps and systems in the method disclosed above can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and appropriate combinations thereof. Some physical components or all physical components can be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, a digital signal processor, or a microprocessor, or implemented as hardware, or implemented as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit. Such software can be distributed on a computer-readable medium, and the computer-readable medium can include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or temporary media). As known to those skilled in the art, the term computer storage media is included in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data) and is volatile and non-volatile, removable, and non-removable. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory, or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD), or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tapes, disk storage, or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired information and can be accessed by a computer. Furthermore, as is well known to those skilled in the art, communication media typically embodies computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and may include any information delivery media.

[0126] While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Various modifications may be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by a person skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof may be combined with one another unless there is a conflict.

Claims

1. A control method based on a fuel cell system, characterized in that: include: obtaining a current density of the fuel cell system; If the current density is within a preset density range, obtaining a voltage variation amplitude of the fuel cell system within a preset period; wherein the voltage variation amplitude varies in a decreasing manner; Performing a grade determination based on the voltage variation amplitude and a preset amplitude variation threshold to obtain a membrane dryness grade; Filtering and processing the preset control information according to the film dryness level to obtain target control information; performing a preset operation on the fuel cell system according to the target manipulation information; If the current density is a preset density threshold, the coolant inlet temperature of the fuel cell system is gradually reduced by a preset temperature value; wherein the preset density threshold is less than a lower limit of the preset density range.

2. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset amplitude change threshold includes: a first amplitude change threshold and a second amplitude change threshold, and the level determination is performed based on the voltage change amplitude and the preset amplitude change threshold to obtain the film dryness level, including: If the voltage variation amplitude is the first amplitude variation threshold, it is determined that the membrane dryness level is the first membrane dryness level; If the voltage variation amplitude is the second amplitude variation threshold, it is determined that the membrane dryness level is the second membrane dryness level; If the voltage variation amplitude is greater than the second amplitude variation threshold, it is determined that the membrane dryness level is the third membrane dryness level.

3. The control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: If the membrane dryness level is level one, the target manipulation information includes adjustment information and load information, and performing a preset operation on the fuel cell system according to the target manipulation information includes: reducing the current density of the fuel cell system by a preset density value and reducing the coolant inlet temperature of the fuel cell system by a preset temperature value according to the adjustment information; Acquire the voltage variation amplitude after adjustment according to the adjustment information to obtain an updated variation amplitude; If the updated change amplitude is smaller than the first amplitude change threshold, the current density is increased to a preset maximum current density according to the load information.

4. The control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: If the membrane dryness level is level 2, the target control information includes: purge control information and shutdown control information, and performing a preset operation on the fuel cell system according to the target control information includes: reducing the purge duration of the fuel cell system to a preset duration according to the purge control information; Shutting down the fuel cell system according to the shutdown control information; The fuel cell system is purged according to the preset time period.

5. The control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The target manipulation information further includes: continuous loading information, and the method further includes: According to the continuous loading information, the current density is pulled to a preset maximum current density, and after continuing the preset loading time, the current density is reduced to a preset minimum current density; and this step is repeated until the number of repetitions reaches a preset number.

6. The control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: If the membrane dryness level is level 2, the target control information includes shutdown protection information, and performing a preset operation on the fuel cell system according to the target control information includes: The fuel cell system is controlled to perform a shutdown protection operation according to the shutdown protection information.

7. A control device based on a fuel cell system, characterized in that: The device comprises: A current density acquisition module, configured to acquire the current density of the fuel cell system; a voltage variation amplitude acquisition module, configured to acquire the voltage variation amplitude of the fuel cell system within a preset period if the current density is within a preset density range; wherein the voltage variation amplitude changes in a decreasing manner; a membrane dryness level determination module, configured to determine the level based on the voltage variation amplitude and a preset amplitude variation threshold, thereby obtaining the membrane dryness level; A control information screening module is used to screen and process the preset control information according to the film dryness level to obtain target control information; an operation execution module, configured to execute a preset operation on the fuel cell system according to the target manipulation information, wherein if the current density is a preset density threshold, the operation execution module is configured to gradually reduce the coolant inlet temperature of the fuel cell system by a preset temperature reduction value; wherein the preset density threshold is less than a lower limit of the preset density range.

8. A control device based on a fuel cell system, characterized in that: include: at least one processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are used to enable a computer to execute the control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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