A high polymer material 3D printing additive and subtractive integrated machine and a control method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of polymer material 3D printing additive and subtractive integrated machine and its control method, including rack body, movement module, milling cutter module, material spraying module, camera module, rack body is the frame structure of near body face opening, movement module is set in the middle frame of rack body;Movement module includes X-axis movement component, Y-axis movement component, Z-axis movement component, and the model of 3D printing forming is formed on the bearing platform by material spraying module;The cutter is provided below the milling cutter module by R-axis connecting seat, and the printed model is polished by the rotation of cutter.The control method provided by the application corrects the model sprayed by milling cutter module to material spraying module, and adopts the way of layer-by-layer spraying and layer-by-layer correction, which greatly improves the precision of spraying forming.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of 3D printing equipment, and particularly relates to a high polymer material 3D printing additive and subtractive integrated machine and a control method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] 3D printing is generally divided into metal and non-metal printing, and non-metal generally includes resin, plastic and ceramic printing. Plastic printing generally includes wire material printing and powder material printing, and the wire material and the powder material generally have the characteristics of slow printing speed, small size and high cost.

[0003] Therefore, the industry needs rapid, large-size and low-cost printing of plastic (herein referred to as high polymer material), which requires the use of a granular material mode. However, during the granular printing of the high polymer material, the surface is not smooth enough and the precision is not enough, and at this time, additional finishing is generally required. The finishing requires additional design of a tooling fixture, and also needs to ensure finishing in the same coordinate system, which is time-consuming and laborious.

[0004] In Chinese Patent CN201721238080.X, a 3D printing and milling additive and subtractive composite machining device is disclosed. The device is provided with a motion platform and a multi-axis mechanical arm to complete the switching of the additive and subtractive parts and achieve 4-axis composite machining of the additive and subtractive parts. The motion mode of this machining method adopts a gear transmission mode, which affects the actual transmission precision, and can achieve the switching of the additive and subtractive parts.

[0005] At the same time, 3D printing of high polymer materials, especially composite materials, causes rapid wear of the nozzle. The speed control is generally based on the standard caliber of 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 mm provided by the nozzle supplier, and cannot be accurately controlled. The material of the nozzle on the market is stainless steel, which is not wear-resistant enough (the material consumption is large for large-size printing, and the requirement for wear resistance is higher for composite materials), and cannot improve the extrusion efficiency, and cannot better adapt to the process parameter adjustment requirement. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a high polymer material 3D printing additive and subtractive integrated machine and a control method thereof, which solves the above technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0008] A high polymer material 3D printing additive and subtractive integrated machine, comprising a rack body, a motion module, a milling cutter module, a material spraying module and a camera module,

[0009] The rack body is a frame structure with an open front surface, and the motion module is arranged in the middle frame of the rack body.

[0010] The motion module comprises an X-axis motion assembly, a Y-axis motion assembly and a Z-axis motion assembly, two groups of X-axis motion assemblies are arranged, a milling cutter module and a material spraying module are respectively arranged on each group of X-axis motion assemblies in a sliding manner, and the two ends of the X-axis motion assembly are respectively arranged on the Y-axis motion assembly in a sliding manner, the Z-axis motion assembly is arranged vertically, and the bearing platform is arranged on the Z-axis motion assembly in a sliding manner along the Z-axis direction;

[0011] The 3D printing model is formed on the bearing platform by the material spraying module;

[0012] A cutter is arranged below the milling cutter module through an R-axis connecting seat, and the printed model is polished through the rotation of the cutter.

[0013] The camera module is composed of multiple groups, two groups of camera modules are arranged synchronously in the spraying direction and the side position of the material spraying module, and multiple groups of camera modules are arranged on the end face formed by the X-axis motion assembly and the Y-axis motion assembly.

[0014] Further, the milling cutter module and the material spraying module are independently driven on the two groups of X-axis motion assemblies.

[0015] Further, a nozzle is arranged below the material spraying module, the rate and temperature of material spraying are controlled through the nozzle, and the material is sprayed on the bearing platform.

[0016] Further, the material spraying module adopts a layer-by-layer printing method, and after forming, the milling cutter module is used to polish and correct the formed model, and then the next printing process is performed.

[0017] The control method of the high-molecular material 3D printing additive and subtractive machine comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1, first, place the to-be-printed object on the bearing platform, measure the three-dimensional space size data of the to-be-printed object at a specified temperature, adjust the relative position of the motion module relative to the bearing platform according to the three-dimensional space size data, and then transmit the measurement data to the control center;

[0019] S2, according to the measured data, select a printing path, and adjust the environmental temperature of the upper bearing space where the bearing platform is located to the state temperature at the time of measurement;

[0020] S3, divide the to-be-printed object of the measurement data into several equal parts from the bottom to the top, then start from the bottom layer and control the material spraying module to spray material on the surface of the bearing platform through the selected printing path, after the spraying and printing, record the printing data through the camera module, compare the recorded data with the originally photographed data, and record the difference value M;

[0021] S4, the milling cutter module is used to correct the layer model formed by printing according to the difference value M, the carrying platform is lowered by one equal layer after the correction is completed, the material spraying module is used to continue to select a printing path on the corrected model to perform jet printing and forming, and the camera module is used to record the printed data and compare the recorded data with the originally captured data to record the difference value;

[0022] S5, the milling cutter module is used to correct the layer model formed by printing according to the difference value in S, the jet printing and correction operation are repeated until the forming operation of all layer models is completed.

[0023] Further, in S3 and S4, the printing path is selected again for jet printing and forming each layer model.

[0024] Further, when the correction operation of the milling cutter module is completed, the camera module is used for secondary measurement, the measured data is compared with the original data, when the error is within the preset range, the jet printing operation of the next process is performed, and when the error exceeds the preset range, the milling cutter module is used for secondary correction operation again until the error range after correction is within the preset range.

[0025] Further, the camera module arranged on the rack body is independently distributed and tracked and adjusted along with the movement track of the milling cutter module and the material spraying module.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0027] 1, the nozzle arranged on the material spraying module of the device is controlled separately in terms of temperature and jet material rate, so as to realize better extrusion speed and ensure the best extrusion process and continuous production precision.

[0028] 2, the milling cutter module of the device is arranged to rotate on the R axis, so as to satisfy the correction and cutting operation of the cutter on the model formed by the material spraying module at multiple angles, and the cutting precision is improved.

[0029] 3, the control method provided by the present application corrects the model formed by the material spraying module by using the milling cutter module, and adopts the way of layer-by-layer jetting and layer-by-layer correction, so that the jet forming precision is greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced as follows.

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 is a sectional structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 3 is a side structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 is a top structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 5 is a control method structure block diagram of an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0037] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , the present application provides a high polymer material 3D printing additive and subtractive integrated machine, comprising a rack body 1, a motion module 2, a milling cutter module 3, a material spraying module 4, a camera module 5,

[0038] The rack body 1 is a frame structure with an open near surface, and the motion module 2 is arranged in the middle frame of the rack body 1;

[0039] The motion module 2 comprises an X-axis motion assembly 21, a Y-axis motion assembly 22 and a Z-axis motion assembly 23. The X-axis motion assembly 21 is provided with two groups, and the milling cutter module 3 and the material spraying module 4 are respectively slidably arranged on each group of X-axis motion assemblies 21. Meanwhile, the two ends of the X-axis motion assembly 21 are respectively slidably arranged on the Y-axis motion assembly 22. The Z-axis motion assembly 23 is vertically arranged, and the carrying platform 11 is slidably arranged on the Z-axis motion assembly 23 along the Z-axis direction;

[0040] As shown in Figure 3 , Figure 4 , a nozzle 41 is arranged below the material spraying module 4. The rate and temperature of material spraying are controlled through the nozzle 41. Such nozzle 41 is not easy to wear and is resistant to high temperature and deformation, so as to ensure the stability of continuous extrusion amount and confirm the printing precision. The 3D printing model is formed on the carrying platform 11 by spraying the material on the carrying platform 11. The adjustment of the spraying direction of the nozzle 41 can be performed through the X-axis motion assembly 21 and the Y-axis motion assembly 22.

[0041] The cutter 32 is arranged below the milling cutter module 3 through the R shaft connecting seat 31, and the model printed and formed is polished through the rotation of the cutter 32, and the milling cutter module 3 and the material spraying module 4 are independently driven on the two X shaft movement assemblies 21. First, the material spraying module 4 is used to form in a layer-by-layer printing manner, and after forming, the milling cutter module 3 is used to polish and correct the formed model, and then the next printing process operation is performed.

[0042] The camera module 5 is composed of multiple groups, and two groups of camera modules 5 are synchronously arranged in the spraying direction of the material spraying module 4 and the side position, and multiple groups of camera modules 5 are arranged on the end face composed of the X shaft movement assembly 21 and the Y shaft movement assembly 22.

[0043] As shown in Figure 5 The control method of the high-molecular material 3D printing additive and subtractive integrated machine includes the following steps:

[0044] S1, first, place the to-be-printed object on the bearing platform 11, measure the three-dimensional space size data of the to-be-printed object at a specified temperature, adjust the relative position of the movement module 2 relative to the bearing platform 11 according to the three-dimensional space size data, and then transmit the measurement data to the control center.

[0045] S2, according to the measured data, select a printing path, adjust the X shaft movement assembly 21 and the Y shaft movement assembly 22 to realize the selection and printing of the printing path, adjust the environmental temperature of the upper bearing space where the bearing platform 11 is located to the state temperature at the time of measurement, control the spraying temperature and spraying speed of the nozzle 41 on the material spraying module 4, so that the sprayed material can be formed on the bearing platform 11 (since there is a certain distance between the nozzle 41 and the bearing platform 11, in order to keep the temperature of the sprayed material formed on the bearing platform 11 stable, the temperature of the material during spraying needs to be controlled, so as to ensure that the expansion coefficient of the material is within a controllable range, so as to avoid affecting the printing precision).

[0046] S3, the to-be-printed object of the measurement data is divided into several equal parts from the bottom to the top, and then the material spraying module 4 is controlled to spray material on the surface of the bearing platform 11 from the bottom layer through the selected printing path, after the spraying and printing are completed, the camera module 5 records the difference value M1 by comparing the printed data with the originally photographed data.

[0047] S4, the milling cutter module 3 is used to correct the layer model according to the difference value M1, after the correction, the carrying platform 11 is lowered by one equal layer (the printing of each equal layer is performed from bottom to top, that is, the Z-axis movement assembly 23 is lowered by one equal layer, the model that has been printed is lowered by one equal layer height, and the relative height of the material spraying module 4 and the milling cutter module 3 remains unchanged), the material spraying module 4 is used to continue to select the printing path (the printing path is selected again) on the corrected model to perform jet printing and forming, and the camera module 5 is used to record the printing data and compare the data with the original data to record the difference value M2.

[0048] When the correction operation of the milling cutter module 3 is completed, the camera module 5 (the camera module 5 arranged on the rack body 1 is independently arranged and tracked and adjusted according to the movement track of the milling cutter module 3 and the material spraying module 4) is used for secondary measurement, and the measurement data is compared with the original data, when the error is within the preset range, the jet printing operation of the next process is performed, when the error exceeds the preset range, the milling cutter module 3 is used again for secondary correction operation, until the error range after correction is within the preset range.

[0049] S5, the milling cutter module 3 is used to correct the layer model according to the difference value M2 in S4, the above jet printing and correction operation is repeated until the forming operation of all layer models is completed.

[0050] The whole operation method corrects the model formed by the material spraying module 4 by the milling cutter module 3, and adopts the way of jetting layer by layer and correcting layer by layer, which greatly improves the precision of jet forming.

[0051] The basic principle, main features and advantages of the present application are shown and described above. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, the above embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principle of the present application, and various changes and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A polymer material 3D printing additive / subtractive manufacturing integrated machine, characterized in that, It includes the frame body (1), motion module (2), milling cutter module (3), spraying module (4), and camera module (5). The frame body (1) is a frame structure with an open near-body surface, on which a bearing platform (11) is provided, and the motion module (2) is located in the middle frame of the frame body (1); The motion module (2) includes an X-axis motion component (21), a Y-axis motion component (22), and a Z-axis motion component (23). The X-axis motion component (21) is provided in two sets, and a milling cutter module (3) and a spraying module (4) are slidably arranged on each X-axis motion component (21). At the same time, the two ends of the X-axis motion component (21) are slidably arranged on the Y-axis motion component (22). The Z-axis motion component (23) is arranged vertically, and the bearing platform (11) is slidably arranged on the Z-axis motion component (23) along the Z-axis direction. The 3D printed model is formed on the support platform (11) by the spraying module (4); The milling cutter module (3) has a cutting tool (32) installed on the R-axis connecting seat (31) below it. The printing model is polished by rotating the cutting tool (32). The milling cutter module (3) and the spraying module (4) are both driven independently on two sets of X-axis motion components (21). The camera module (5) consists of multiple sets. Two sets of camera modules (5) are simultaneously set in the spraying direction and side position of the spray module (4). At the same time, multiple sets of camera modules (5) are set on the end face formed by the X-axis motion component (21) and the Y-axis motion component (22). In the working state, the following steps are performed: S1, place the object to be printed on the carrier platform (11) and measure the three-dimensional spatial dimensions of the object to be printed at a specified temperature; S2, adjust the relative position of the motion module (2) relative to the carrier platform (11) according to the three-dimensional spatial dimensions, and then transmit the measurement data to the control center. According to the measured data, select the printing path and adjust the ambient temperature of the upper carrier space where the carrier platform (11) is located to the state temperature at the time of measurement; the camera module (5) set on the frame body (1) is independently distributed and makes tracking shooting adjustments according to the movement trajectory of the milling cutter module (3) and the spraying module (4).

2. The polymer material 3D printing additive / subtractive manufacturing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Below the spray module (4) is a nozzle (41), which controls the spraying rate and spraying temperature of the material and sprays the material onto the support platform (11).

3. The polymer material 3D printing additive / subtractive manufacturing integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spraying module (4) is formed by printing layer by layer. After forming, the milling module (3) is used to polish and correct the formed model before the next printing process is carried out.

4. The control method for the polymer material 3D printing additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, After S1 and S2, proceed with the following steps: S3. Divide the object to be printed from bottom to top into several equal layers. Then, starting from the bottom layer, control the spraying module (4) to spray material on the upper surface of the carrier platform (11) through the selected printing path. After the spraying and printing are completed, the printed data is recorded by the camera module (5) and compared with the original data and the difference value M1 is recorded. S4. The milling cutter module (3) corrects the printed model according to the difference value M1. After the correction is completed, the bearing platform (11) descends by one equal layer. The spraying module (4) continues to select the printing path on the corrected model for spraying and printing. The camera module (5) records the printed data and compares it with the original data and records the difference value. S5. The milling cutter module (3) corrects the printed model in S4 according to the difference value. Repeat the above inkjet printing and correction operations until the model of all layers is completed.

5. The control method for the polymer material 3D printing additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, In S3 and S4, when each layer of the model is printed, a new printing path is selected for the printing and spraying operation.

6. The control method for the polymer material 3D printing additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the correction operation is completed using the milling cutter module (3) in S4, the camera module (5) is used for secondary measurement, and the measurement data is compared with the original data. If the error is within the preset range, the next process of inkjet printing is carried out. If the error exceeds the preset range, the milling cutter module (3) is used again for secondary correction until the error range after correction is within the preset range.

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