Test device and test method for anti-shear strength of lug welding test pieces

Abstract

The present invention provides a test device and a test method for the shear strength of a test piece for ear welding, including: a T-shaped tooling, the T-shaped tooling has a vertically arranged plate and a horizontally arranged plate fixedly connected, one end face of the vertically arranged plate is used to fix a part of the test piece, and the other part is fixed by a movable member slidably arranged on the other end face of the vertically arranged plate; a limit buckle, at least one limit buckle is arranged on the vertically arranged plate and is adapted to the movable member, when the limit buckle is in limit cooperation with the movable member, the sliding of the movable member is restricted; wherein, the movable member has a stationary state and a sliding state relative to the vertically arranged plate, in the stationary state, the movable member is in limit cooperation with the limit buckle, and in the sliding state, the movable member is disengaged from the limit buckle. The present invention solves the technical problems of poor versatility of the existing test tooling and the test results not being able to accurately reflect the weld deformation in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solid rocket engines, and particularly to a test device and a test method for the shear strength test of a lug welding test piece. Background Art

[0002] Solid rocket engines are often used as the power components of missiles. Lugs are usually welded on the outer wall surface of the shell for installing fin wings to stabilize the flight state of the missile. During the actual flight of different types of missiles, the loads borne by the fin wings are often different, and different requirements for the welding strength between the lugs and the shell are needed. Therefore, it is of great importance and significance to design and invent a test device and test method for evaluating the shear strength of the welded lug area, which provides an important reference for determining the welding method and form and evaluating the welding strength. See Figure 1 , the test piece includes a main lug shell specimen, mounting holes, an auxiliary lug shell specimen, auxiliary lugs, main lugs, a fin wing specimen, and test mounting holes. Among them, 4 mounting holes are provided on both the main lug shell specimen and the auxiliary lug shell specimen, and the test device is connected by bolts respectively.

[0003] For the test device for the shear strength test of the lug welding test piece, testers often design a set of special tooling separately, which is only applicable to the same type of product and not applicable to other types of products; and the designed test device can often only be used in one of the tensile test and the compressive test. For the test method for the shear strength test of the lug welding test piece, testers often connect the test piece with the special tooling and then apply an external force by using a tensile testing machine or a hydraulic press, and only use the visual result of whether there is significant deformation or fracture as the evaluation basis for the shear strength. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a test device and a test method for the shear strength test of a lug welding test piece, which solves the technical problems of poor versatility of the test tooling and inaccurate test results in reflecting the weld deformation in the prior art.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the test device includes: a T-shaped tooling, the T-shaped tooling has a vertically arranged plate and a horizontally arranged plate fixedly connected, one end face of the vertically arranged plate is used to fix a part of the test piece, and the other part is fixed by a movable member slidably arranged on the other end face of the vertically arranged plate;

[0006] Limit buckle, at least one of the limit buckles is arranged on the vertical plate and is adapted to the movable part. When the limit buckle is in limit cooperation with the movable part, the sliding of the movable part is restricted. Wherein, the movable part has a static state and a sliding state relative to the vertical plate. In the static state, the movable part is in limit cooperation with the limit buckle, and in the sliding state, the movable part is disengaged from the limit buckle.

[0007] The technical principle of the present invention is as follows: During installation, one end of the test piece is fixedly installed on one end face of the vertical plate. At the same time, the movable part is slid to connect it to the other end of the test piece. Subsequently, the limit buckle is in limit cooperation with the movable part, so that the movable part and the test piece are in a static state relative to the vertical plate.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The movable part can slide on the vertical plate so that the movable part can connect test pieces of different sizes, and the limit buckle in limit cooperation with it can fix the test piece on the vertical plate by restricting the movement of the movable part, which is convenient for testing. Moreover, the fixedly connected vertical plate and horizontal plate can form a T-shaped tooling. After inverting the horizontal plate and hanging it on the hanging equipment, the tensile strength test can be carried out. On the contrary, placing the T-shaped tooling upright on other workbenches (such as the workbench of a hydraulic press) and fixing it can carry out the compressive strength test, so that the device can be flexibly applied to different test scenarios according to different test needs without additional auxiliary equipment.

[0009] Preferably, a movement slot is provided on the vertical plate, and the movable part is slidably arranged on the vertical plate through the movement slot and is used to connect the test piece.

[0010] Preferably, the movable part includes:

[0011] A movable plate, the movable plate is slidably arranged on the vertical plate and is provided with a plurality of installation holes for fixing the test piece;

[0012] A movable arm, the movable arm is fixedly arranged on the movable plate and is provided with a plurality of limit holes arranged in a linear array, and the limit holes are used to connect the limit buckle so that the movable part can be switched between the static state and the sliding state.

[0013] Preferably, a waist-shaped hole is provided on the movable arm along its length direction, and a support column for passing through the waist-shaped hole is fixedly arranged on the vertical plate.

[0014] Preferably, the limit buckle includes:

[0015] An installation table, at least one of the installation tables is fixedly arranged on the vertical plate;

[0016] A limit block, the limit block is arranged on the installation table;

[0017] A limiting column, wherein the limiting column is threadedly screwed on the limiting block and matched with the limiting hole. When the limiting column is inserted into the movable arm through the limiting hole, the movable part is in the static state relative to the vertical plate.

[0018] Preferably, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are fixedly provided at the connection between the transverse plate and the vertical plate.

[0019] Preferably, the transverse plate is provided with calibration holes for installing tension and compression sensors.

[0020] On the other hand, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a shear strength test method for a lug welding test piece is also provided, wherein the test piece comprises a shell sample, a mounting screw hole provided on the shell sample, a lug for connecting the shell sample, a wing sample provided on the lug, and a test mounting hole provided on the wing sample, and is implemented based on the above-mentioned test device, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1. Determine the size of the test piece;

[0022] S2, attaching a biaxial strain gauge on the surface of the test piece;

[0023] S3, measuring the angle A1A1 between the shell specimen and the lug before the test;

[0024] S4. Assemble the calibration system; install a first eye screw and a tension and compression sensor on the test device, install a second eye screw on the other end of the tension and compression sensor, pass the metal pipe through the eye hole of the first eye screw and place it on the electric forklift, place the wooden box connected with a rope on the forklift, and connect the rope with the second eye screw, raise the electric forklift and the forklift so that the rope is in a stretched state and the bottom of the wooden box does not leave the forklift;

[0025] S5, calibration; placing the estimated target weight in the wooden box, loosening the hydraulic valve of the forklift to separate the bottom of the wooden box from the forklift, judging whether the weight exceeds or falls short of the standard according to the display reading connected to the tension and compression sensor, and increasing or decreasing the target weight according to the judgment result to calibrate the target weight;

[0026] S6, modification; disassembling the tension and compression sensor and replacing it on the test mounting hole to convert the calibration system into a test system, loosening the hydraulic valve of the forklift to separate the bottom surface of the wooden box from the forklift;

[0027] S7, calculation of weld deformation; measuring the angle A2A2 between the shell specimen and the lug after the test, and obtaining the actual deformation ɛaɛ of the test piece before and after the test based on the biaxial strain gauge a ,

[0028] ɛbɛ b = c (sinA2 / A2 - sinA1 / A1);

[0029] Where ɛbɛ b is the weld deformation, and c is the chamfer side length of the welding groove of the lug;

[0030] S8. Test evaluation;

[0031] ɛa / ɛb ≤ 0.35, and the deformation occurs at the weld of the test piece;

[0032] 0.35 < ɛa / ɛb ≤ 0.65, part of the shell specimen deforms, and the weld deformation of the test piece is greater than the deformation of the shell specimen;

[0033] 0.65 < ɛa / ɛb ≤ 1.35, the deformation of the shell specimen is the same as the weld deformation of the test piece;

[0034] 1.35 < ɛa / ɛb ≤ 1.65, part of the weld of the test piece deforms, and the deformation of the shell specimen is greater than the weld deformation of the test piece;

[0035] ɛa / ɛb > 1.65, and the deformation occurs at the shell of the test piece.

[0036] Preferably, the dimensions of the test piece in step S1 are its circumferential dimension and axial dimension.

[0037] Preferably, the straight-line distance between two nodes on the outer surface of the shell specimen is Y1Y1, r is the radius of the shell specimen, and the angle value θ of the arc segment of the test piece corresponding to Y1Y1 = 2arcsin(y / r), where y = 0.5Y1Y1;

[0038] The circumferential dimension of the test piece = 2(Y1Y1 + Y2Y2) + b;

[0039] Where Y2Y2 = 2D, D is the diameter of the mounting screw hole, and b is the width of the lug;

[0040] The axial dimension of the test piece = 2X + a;

[0041] Where X is the distance from the axial edge position where the shell specimen contacts the lug to the axial edge position of the shell specimen, and a is the length of the lug. Description of the Drawings

[0042] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the test piece;

[0043] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the test piece;

[0044] Figure 3 Schematic structural diagram of a test device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 is Figure 3 Schematic structural diagram from another angle of;

[0046] Figure 5 Schematic structural diagram of a moving part in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 Schematic structural diagram of a limit buckle in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 Schematic structural diagram of a calibration system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 is Figure 7 Local enlarged view at position A in;

[0050] Figure 9 Schematic structural diagram of a test system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 10 is Figure 9 Local enlarged view at position B in;

[0052] Figure 11 Simulated stress distribution diagram when the test piece is bearing with F = 0.1 KN to Fmax;

[0053] Figure 12 is Figure 11 Linear dimensions of the stress distribution in sections X and Y in.

[0054] In the figure:

[0055] 1. Test piece; 101. Shell specimen; 102. Mounting screw hole; 103. Support ear; 104. Fin specimen; 105. Test mounting hole; 2. T-shaped tooling; 201. Vertical plate; 202. Horizontal plate; 3. Moving part; 301. Moving plate; 302. Mounting hole; 303. Moving arm; 304. Limit hole; 305. Waist-shaped hole; 306. Support column; 4. Limit buckle; 401. Mounting table; 402. Limit block; 403. Limit column; 5. Movement card slot; 6. Reinforcing rib; 7. Calibration hole; 8. Calibration system; 9. Test system; 10. Electric lift forklift; 11. Pallet jack; 12. Wooden box. Detailed implementation manners

[0056] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, terms such as "set", "installed", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0057] The following will be combined with the attached Figure 2-12 , and the present invention will be further described.

[0058] A test device, comprising: a T-shaped tooling 2, the T-shaped tooling 2 has a vertically arranged plate 201 and a horizontally arranged plate 202 which are fixedly connected, one end face of the vertically arranged plate 201 is used to fix a part of the test piece, and the other part is fixed by a movable member 3 slidably arranged on the other end face of the vertically arranged plate 201;

[0059] A limit buckle 4, at least one limit buckle 4 is arranged on the vertically arranged plate 201 and is adapted to the movable member 3. When the limit buckle 4 is in limit cooperation with the movable member 3, the sliding of the movable member 3 is restricted; wherein, the movable member 3 has a stationary state and a sliding state relative to the vertically arranged plate 201. In the stationary state, the movable member 3 is in limit cooperation with the limit buckle 4, and in the sliding state, the movable member 3 is disengaged from the limit buckle 4.

[0060] In this embodiment, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown in the figure, the T-shaped tooling 2 includes a vertical plate 201 and a horizontal plate 202 that are fixedly connected. The vertical plate 201 is used to fix the test piece, and the horizontal plate 202 is used to be installed on the workbench for compressive tests or connected to other suspension devices through connecting parts such as lifting eye bolts for tensile tests, so as to improve the versatility of this device. In order to adapt to test pieces of different types and models, a movable part 3 is slidably arranged on the vertical plate 201. The movable part 3 is used to move its position according to the size of the test piece, so as to further fix the test piece on the vertical plate 201. Moreover, in order to facilitate the limitation of the movable part 3 with adjusted position, a limiting part that cooperates with the movable part 3 is arranged on the vertical plate 201. When the limiting part and the movable part 3 are in limiting cooperation, the movable part 3 and the vertical plate 201 remain stationary (for fixing the test piece). On the contrary, when the limiting part and the movable part 3 are in contact and cooperation, the movable part 3 and the vertical plate 201 remain relatively sliding (for adjusting the position of the movable part 3 on the vertical plate 201 according to the size of the test piece). Thus, this device has a relatively wide applicability to test pieces. Due to the differences in the sizes of test pieces of different models, the movable part 3 can slide on the vertical plate 201 and can change its position within a certain range according to the size of the test piece to meet different product requirements. This device can be adapted to different test pieces for tensile or compressive tests.

[0061] A movement card slot 5 is formed on the vertical plate 201, and the movable part 3 is slidably arranged on the vertical plate 201 through the movement card slot 5 and is used to connect the test piece.

[0062] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 or Figure 4 shown in the figure, a horizontally arranged movement card slot 5 is formed on the vertical plate 201 (for the sake of enabling the movable part 3 to slide more smoothly on the vertical plate 201, two movement card slots 5 arranged at intervals up and down are taken as an example in this embodiment). The movable part 3 can slide back and forth on the vertical plate 201 through the movement card slot 5, so as to be able to slide to connect with the test piece according to the size of the test piece. At the same time, the movement card slot 5 can enable the movable part 3 to connect with the test piece without obstruction and avoid the occurrence of sliding dead corners (certainly, for the sake of simplifying the installation, the movable part 3 and the test piece can be connected by screws, and the movement card slot 5 is used to guide the screws).

[0063] The movable part 3 includes:

[0064] A movable plate 301, the movable plate 301 is slidably arranged on the vertical plate 201, and is provided with a plurality of installation holes 302 for fixing the test piece.

[0065] The movable arm 303 is fixedly provided on the movable plate 301 and is provided with a number of limiting holes 304 arranged in a linear array. The limiting holes 304 are used to connect the limiting buckle 4 so that the movable member 3 can be switched between the stationary state and the sliding state.

[0066] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 shown, the movable member 3 includes a movable plate 301 slidably provided on the vertical plate 201 through a movement slot 5, and a movable arm 303 fixedly connected to the movable plate 301. The movable plate 301 is used to connect the test piece. A number of limiting holes 304 arranged in a linear array are formed on the movable arm 303 (in this embodiment, the distance between adjacent limiting holes 304 is 4 mm, and they are arranged in a vertical staggered manner so that the distance between the holes is 2 mm after being staggered, so that the distance in the test piece can be increased or decreased in units of 2 mm to meet the use requirements of different types of test pieces; of course, the distance between the holes can also be other values, which will not be limited here). The limiting holes 304 are used to be adapted to the limiting buckle 4, so that after the limiting buckle 4 is inserted into the movable arm 303 through the limiting holes 304, the movable plate 301 is fixed on the vertical plate 201 to play a limiting role.

[0067] A waist-shaped hole 305 is formed on the movable arm 303 along its length direction, and a support column 306 for passing through the waist-shaped hole 305 is fixedly provided on the vertical plate 201.

[0068] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 、 Figure 5 shown, in order to guide the movable arm 303, a waist-shaped hole 305 is provided on the movable arm 303 along its length direction (that is: the waist-shaped hole 305 is arranged in the same direction as the movement slot 5). A support column 306 is fixedly provided on the vertical plate 201. The support column 306 is used to pass through the movable arm 303 through the waist-shaped hole 305 to play a role in guiding the movement direction and restricting the shaking of the movable member 3.

[0069] The limiting buckle 4 includes:

[0070] An installation table 401, at least one of the installation tables 401 is fixedly provided on the vertical plate 201;

[0071] A limiting block 402, the limiting block 402 is provided on the installation table 401;

[0072] A limiting column 403, the limiting column 403 is screwed on the limiting block 402 and is adapted to the limiting hole 304. When the limiting column 403 is inserted into the movable arm 303 through the limiting hole 304, the movable member 3 is in the stationary state relative to the vertical plate 201.

[0073] In this embodiment, asFigure 3 , Figure 6 As shown in Figure 6 , the limit buckle 4 includes a mounting table 401 fixedly arranged on the vertical plate 201 (in this embodiment, two mounting tables 401 arranged relatively up and down are taken as an example). A limit block 402 is arranged on the mounting table 401. A limit post 403 adapted to the limit hole 304 is screwed on the limit block 402. After the limit post 403 is installed in the limit hole 304, the horizontal position of the moving part 3 can be restricted, and the installation and disassembly are convenient. At the same time, the screwed limit post 403 is convenient to cooperate with the limit hole 304 or the limit block 402. When in the disassembly state, the limit post 403 can still be ensured to be connected to the limit block 402 to avoid falling off. It should be noted that the upper and lower limit buckles 4 may not be completely the same, and the limit post 403 on the limit block 402 needs to be designed according to the specific size and position of the limit hole 304.

[0074] A plurality of reinforcing ribs 6 are fixedly arranged at the connection between the horizontal plate 202 and the vertical plate 201.

[0075] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 , Figure 4 shown, in this embodiment, 4 reinforcing ribs 6 are taken as an example and are distributed on both sides of the vertical plate 201 for strengthening the connection between the vertical plate 201 and the horizontal plate 202.

[0076] A calibration hole 7 for installing a tension-compression sensor is arranged on the horizontal plate 202.

[0077] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, the calibration hole 7 is used for weight calibration after installing the tension-compression sensor.

[0078] On the other hand, as Figure 2 , Figures 7-12 shown, according to the embodiment of the present invention, a test method for the shear strength of the welding test piece 1 of the lug 103 is also provided. The test piece 1 includes a shell sample 101, a mounting screw hole 102 arranged on the shell sample 101, a lug 103 for connecting the shell sample 101, a wing sample 104 arranged on the lug 103, and a test mounting hole 105302 arranged on the wing sample 104. Based on the above-mentioned test device, the method includes the following steps:

[0079] S1. Determine the size of the test piece;

[0080] S2. Paste biaxial strain gauges on the surface of the test piece;

[0081] S3. Measure the angle A1 between the shell sample and the lug before the test;

[0082] S4, assemble the calibration system 8; install a first eye screw and a tension and compression sensor on the test device, install a second eye screw on the other end of the tension and compression sensor, and place the metal pipe on the electric forklift 10 after passing through the eye hole of the first eye screw. Place the wooden box 12 connected with a rope on the ground bull forklift 11, and connect the rope with the second eye screw. Raise the electric forklift and the ground bull forklift 11 so that the rope is in a stretched state and the bottom surface of the wooden box 12 does not separate from the ground bull forklift 11;

[0083] S5, calibration; placing the estimated target weight in the wooden box 12, loosening the hydraulic valve of the forklift 11, so that the bottom surface of the wooden box 12 is separated from the forklift 11, judging whether the weight exceeds or falls short of the standard according to the display reading connected to the tension and compression sensor, and increasing or decreasing the target weight according to the judgment result to calibrate the target weight;

[0084] S6, modification; disassembling the tension and compression sensor and replacing it on the test mounting hole to convert the calibration system 8 into a test system 9, loosening the hydraulic valve of the ground cattle forklift 11 to separate the bottom surface of the wooden box 12 from the ground cattle forklift 11;

[0085] S7, calculation of weld deformation; measuring the angle A2 between the shell specimen and the lug after the test, and obtaining the actual deformation ɛa of the test piece before and after the test based on the biaxial strain gauge,

[0086] ɛb=c(sinA2-sinA1);

[0087] Wherein, ɛb is the weld deformation, c is the length of the welding groove chamfer of the lug;

[0088] S8. Test evaluation;

[0089] ɛa / ɛb≤0.35, deformation occurs at the weld of the test piece;

[0090] 0.35<ɛa / ɛb≤0.65, the shell specimen is partially deformed, and the deformation of the weld of the test piece is greater than the deformation of the shell specimen;

[0091] 0.65<ɛa / ɛb≤1.35, the deformation of the shell specimen is the same as the deformation of the weld of the test piece;

[0092] 1.35<ɛa / ɛb≤1.65, the weld portion of the test piece is deformed, and the deformation of the shell specimen is greater than the deformation of the weld of the test piece;

[0093] ɛa / ɛb>1.65, deformation occurs at the shell of the test piece.

[0094] In this embodiment, the size of the test piece needs to be determined first, because the actual deformation ɛa (i.e., the deformation occurring in the shell sample part) and the weld deformation ɛb (i.e., the deformation occurring in the welding area between the shell sample and the lug) of the shell sample need to be obtained before and after the test, and the test evaluation is made accordingly; therefore, the deformation ɛa needs to avoid significant errors caused by improper selection of the test piece size as much as possible (if the test piece size is too small, the connecting bolts connecting the shell sample and the lug will most likely be in the area with large stress distribution of the shell sample, and drilling holes and installing bolts in this area will change the actual stress distribution in this area, thereby affecting the actual deformation in this area), and the size of the test piece that is too small is not conducive to the position selection and pasting of the biaxial strain gauge; when the size of the test piece is too large, on the one hand, it will waste more materials and affect the size requirements of the T-type tooling 2 installed in conjunction with the test piece, and on the other hand, it will increase the bending moment in the transition area between the horizontal section and the arc section of the shell sample, increasing other influencing factors of the test. Therefore, it is necessary to reasonably determine the size requirements of the arc segment of the shell specimen, and on this basis, add a certain range of horizontal segments up and down in the axial direction (i.e., the Y direction) to finally determine the size of the entire shell specimen. The above test method does not require expensive test equipment (such as: a hydraulic press or a tensile machine with a controllable specific output value). In addition to the test device, only common equipment needs to be used as a test supplementary equipment. After the test system 9 is suspended at a certain height, the test purpose of loading or unloading tension can be achieved by controlling the lifting and lowering of the arm of the forklift 11, and the test process is simple to operate; and the test can be performed in an open space, and the operator can keep a certain distance from the test device, making the test safer; the target weight needs to be calibrated before the test, and after the calibration is completed, the calibration system 8 is converted into the test system 9. The conversion of the calibration system 8 and the test system 9 can be realized by installing the tension and compression sensors successively on the calibration or test installation holes, which is convenient to operate; at the same time, the load loading amount of the lug welding test piece during the shear strength test can be controlled by calibration before the test to avoid excessive loading.

[0095] The dimensions of the test piece in step S1 are its circumferential dimension and axial dimension. Figure 2 As shown, the straight-line distance between the two nodes on the outer surface of the shell specimen is Y1, r is the radius of the shell specimen, and the angle value of the arc segment of the test piece corresponding to Y1 is θ=2arcsin(y / r), where y=0.5Y1;

[0096] The circumferential dimension of the test piece = 2 (Y1 + Y2) + b;

[0097] Wherein, Y2=2D, D is the diameter of the mounting screw hole, and b is the width of the lug;

[0098] The axial dimension of the test piece = 2X + a;

[0099] In the formula, X is the distance from the axial edge where the housing specimen contacts the lug to the axial edge of the housing specimen, and a is the length of the lug.

[0100] As Figure 11 shown, when interpolating and solving for the load:

[0101] X = X1 + (F - F1)(F2 - F1) / (X2 - X1);

[0102] Y = Y1 + (F - F1)(F2 - F1) / (Y2 - Y1);

[0103] In the formula, F is the actual load, F1 and F2 are the adjacent load values of F, X1 and X2 are the X values corresponding to F1 and F2 at diameter φ, and Y1 and Y2 are the Y values corresponding to F1 and F2 at diameter φ;

[0104] When interpolating and solving for the diameter:

[0105] X = X1 + (φ - φ1)(φ2 - φ1) / (X2 - X1);

[0106] Y = Y1 + (φ - φ1)(φ2 - φ1) / (Y2 - Y1);

[0107] In the formula, φ is the actual housing diameter of the test piece, φ1 and φ2 are the adjacent diameter values of φ, X1 and X2 are the X values corresponding to φ1 and φ2 at load F, and Y1 and Y2 are the Y values corresponding to φ1 and φ2 at load F.

[0108] This embodiment provides a systematic and comprehensive test process, provides supporting data and calculation methods to reasonably determine the size of the test piece, provides a simple and convenient measurement method and calculation method for the deformation of the weld, and classifies the obtained deformation structure. By comparing the obtained data with the results, the specific location of the deformation and the deformation of the weld can be intuitively reflected, replacing the existing visual results of whether there is significant deformation or fracture as the basis for evaluating the shear strength. In addition, this test method replaces the commonly used hydraulic press (because the hydraulic press needs to manually stabilize the piston when it reaches the target value. If the external force loading cannot be stopped in time, it is very likely to cause damage to the specimen, equipment or personnel injury, and it needs to be equipped with sensors and displays. Otherwise, it is necessary to have an external force application device that can output specific pressure or tension values, which increases the test cost sharply, and the work surface of the hydraulic press or tensile machine is often large in size, which is not conducive to the development of this test method). This test method is simple and easy to operate. By calibrating the weight before the test, excessive external force loading during the test can be avoided, thereby avoiding injuries to equipment and personnel as much as possible. In addition, the test space is not limited, which is more conducive to the development of the test. The test analysis method provided does not require an expensive strain measurement system, and the operation and analysis process is simple and convenient.

[0109] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test method for the shear strength test device of the lug welding test piece, characterized in that, The test equipment includes: The T-shaped fixture comprises a vertical plate and a horizontal plate which are fixedly connected, one end surface of the vertical plate is used to fix a part of the test piece, and the other part thereof is fixed by a movable member which is slidably arranged on the other end surface of the vertical plate; At least one limit buckle is provided on the vertical plate and matched with the movable member. When the limit buckle and the movable member are limitedly matched, the movable member is restricted from sliding. The movable member has a stationary state and a sliding state relative to the vertical plate. In the stationary state, the movable member is limitedly matched with the limit buckle, and in the sliding state, the movable member is released from the limit buckle. The test piece includes a shell specimen, a mounting screw hole provided on the shell specimen, a lug for connecting the shell specimen, a wing specimen provided on the lug, and a test mounting hole provided on the wing specimen; The test method comprises the following steps: S1. Determine the size of the test piece; S2, stick the biaxial strain gauge on the surface of the test piece; S3. Measure the angle A1 between the shell specimen and the lug before the test; S4. Install the first lifting eye screw and the tension and compression sensor on the test device, install the second lifting eye screw on the tension and compression sensor, pass the metal pipe through the first lifting eye screw and place it on the electric forklift, place the wooden box connected with the rope on the ground forklift, and connect the rope with the second lifting eye screw, raise the electric forklift and the ground forklift, so that the rope is in tension, and the wooden box does not leave the ground forklift; S5, placing the estimated target weight on the wooden box, releasing the forklift to separate the wooden box from the forklift, judging whether the weight exceeds or falls short of the standard according to the reading of the display connected to the tension and compression sensor, and increasing or decreasing the target weight according to the judgment result to calibrate the target weight; S6. Remove the tension and compression sensors and replace them in the test installation holes to convert the calibration system into a test system. Loosen the hydraulic valve of the forklift to separate the wooden box from the forklift. S7. Measure the angle A2 between the shell specimen and the lug after the test, and obtain the actual deformation ɛa of the test piece before and after the test based on the biaxial strain gauge. ɛb=c(sinA2-sinA1); In the formula, ɛb is the weld deformation, c is the length of the welding groove chamfer of the lug; S8. Test evaluation; ɛa / ɛb≤0.35, deformation occurs at the weld of the test piece; 0.35<ɛa / ɛb≤0.65, the shell specimen is partially deformed, and the deformation of the weld of the test piece is greater than the deformation of the shell specimen; 0.65<ɛa / ɛb≤1.35, the deformation of the shell specimen is the same as the weld deformation of the test piece; 1.35<ɛa / ɛb≤1.65, the weld part of the test piece is deformed, and the deformation of the shell specimen is greater than the weld deformation of the test piece; ɛa / ɛb>1.65, deformation occurs at the shell of the test piece.

2. The test method for the anti-shear strength test device of the lug welding test piece according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical plate is provided with a motion slot, and the movable member is slidably arranged on the vertical plate through the motion slot and is used for connecting the test member.

3. The test method for the anti-shear strength test device of the lug welding test piece according to claim 1, characterized in that The movable parts include: A movable plate, which is slidably mounted on the vertical plate and is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for fixing the test piece; The movable arm is fixed on the movable plate and is provided with a plurality of limiting holes arranged in a linear array, wherein the limiting holes are used to connect the limiting buckles so that the movable part can switch between the static state and the sliding state.

4. The test method for the anti-shear strength test device of the lug welding test piece according to claim 3, characterized in that A waist-shaped hole is formed in the movable arm along its length direction, and a support column for passing through the waist-shaped hole is fixedly arranged on the vertical plate.

5. The test method for the anti-shear strength test device of the lug welding test piece according to claim 3, characterized in that, The limit buckle includes: An installation table, at least one of the installation tables is fixedly arranged on the vertical plate; A limit block, the limit block is arranged on the installation table; A limit column, the limit column is screwed on the limit block and is adapted to the limit hole. When the limit column is inserted into the movable arm through the limit hole, the movable part is in a stationary state relative to the vertical plate.

6. The test method for the shear strength test device of the lug welding test piece according to claim 1, characterized in that A plurality of reinforcing ribs are fixedly arranged at the connection between the horizontal plate and the vertical plate.

7. The test method for the anti-shear strength test device of the lug welding test piece according to claim 1, characterized in that A calibration hole for installing a tensile and compressive sensor is arranged on the horizontal plate.

8. The test method for the anti-shear strength test device of the lug welding test piece according to claim 1, characterized in that In the step S1, the dimensions of the test piece are its circumferential dimension and axial dimension.

9. The test method for the anti-shear strength test device of the lug welding test piece according to claim 8, characterized in that, The straight-line distance between two nodes on the outer surface of the shell specimen is Y1, r is the radius of the shell specimen, and the angle value θ of the arc segment of the test piece corresponding to Y1 is θ = 2arcsin(y / r), where y = 0.5Y1; The circumferential dimension of the test piece = 2(Y1 + Y2) + b; Where Y2 = 2D, D is the diameter of the installation screw hole, and b is the width of the ear; The axial dimension of the test piece = 2X + a; Where X is the distance between the axial edge position where the shell specimen contacts the ear and the axial edge position of the shell specimen, and a is the length of the ear.

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