A composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure

Abstract

An embodiment of the present application discloses a composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure, which relates to the technical field of engineering structures and solves the technical problems in the prior art that rubber vibration damping materials are prone to aging, decompose harmful gases when failing, and need to be replaced regularly. The composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application includes at least one composite unit cell; the composite unit cell includes: a body-centered cubic unit cell and a plurality of elastic support components; the plurality of elastic support components are arranged in an array around the center of the body-centered cubic unit cell. This composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure can be applied to mechanical equipment such as aircraft. The elastic support components can generate elastic buffering. When the mechanical equipment encounters vibration, the body-centered cubic unit cell and the elastic support components achieve the effect of broadband vibration damping by deforming, and are not prone to aging, do not decompose harmful gases when failing, and do not need to be replaced regularly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of engineering structures, and particularly to a composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure. Background Art

[0002] During flight, an aircraft encounters a complex vibration environment that covers low-frequency vibrations from a few hertz to high-frequency vibrations of thousands of hertz. This can easily damage the aircraft structure and affect its performance, and even lead to catastrophic consequences. Therefore, precision aircraft need to use vibration damping materials to quickly dissipate the input vibration energy to prevent key components inside the aircraft from being overly affected by vibrations.

[0003] Currently, the most commonly used vibration damping material in the field of mechanical equipment such as aircraft is rubber. The elasticity of rubber stems from the change in its coiled molecular structure. Rubber molecules move and rub against each other under vibration conditions, converting the kinetic energy brought by vibration into heat energy inside the rubber material, thereby achieving the functional characteristics of vibration damping and energy absorption, making it macroscopically exhibit high elasticity, high viscosity, and good vibration damping and buffering characteristics.

[0004] However, rubber vibration damping materials have many limitations. For example, rubber vibration damping materials are prone to aging, decomposing harmful gases when they fail, and need to be replaced regularly during use. In addition, rubber vibration damping materials will accelerate aging in a low-dose irradiation environment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] By providing a composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure in an embodiment of this application, the technical problems such as easy aging, decomposing harmful gases when failing, and needing to be replaced regularly existing in rubber vibration damping materials in the prior art are solved.

[0006] A composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure provided in an embodiment of this application includes at least one composite unit cell; the composite unit cell includes: a body-centered cubic unit cell and a plurality of elastic support components; the plurality of elastic support components are arranged in an array around the center of the body-centered cubic unit cell.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the plurality of composite unit cells are arranged in an array in a first direction and a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other and both are perpendicular to the support direction of the elastic support components; the two support ends of the elastic support components are respectively connected to the two corresponding upper and lower ends of the body-centered cubic unit cell; two adjacent composite unit cells share the elastic support components.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the composite unit cell is made of a high-damping metal material.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the elastic support assembly includes at least one support member, and the support member extends along a curved path in the support direction of the elastic support assembly.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the curved path is a spiral ascending curve, and the ascending direction of the spiral ascending curve is parallel to the support direction of the elastic support assembly.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the distance between the upper and lower corresponding ends of the body-centered cubic unit cell is an integer multiple of the lead of the support member.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the elastic support assembly includes two support members, and the connecting lines of the upper ends and the lower ends of the two support members are both parallel to the first direction; in the elastic support assembly shared by two adjacent composite unit cells in the first direction, the end parts of the two support members are respectively connected to the adjacent ends of the two body-centered cubic unit cells.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the curved path is a sine curve or a cosine curve.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the elastic support assembly includes a plurality of support members; the upper ends and the lower ends of the plurality of support members are respectively connected correspondingly, and the plurality of support members are annularly arrayed around the same axis.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the distance between the upper and lower corresponding ends of the body-centered cubic unit cell is an integer multiple of the half period of the support member.

[0016] The technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application has at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0017] The embodiments of the present application provide a composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure. The composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure includes at least one composite unit cell, and the composite unit cell includes a body-centered cubic unit cell and a plurality of elastic support assemblies surrounding the body-centered array of the body-centered cubic unit cell. The composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure can be applied to mechanical equipment such as aircraft. The elastic support assembly can generate elastic buffering. When the mechanical equipment encounters vibration, the body-centered cubic unit cell and the elastic support assembly buffer by deforming, dissipate energy using structural damping, achieve the effect of broadband vibration damping, and are not easily aged, will not fail to decompose harmful gases, and do not need to be replaced regularly. Description of the Drawings

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a structure of an implementation manner of a composite unit cell provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a structure of another implementation manner of a composite unit cell provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of a body-centered cubic unit cell provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 For Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the elastic support assembly in the composite unit cell shown;

[0023] Figure 5 For Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the elastic support assembly in the composite unit cell shown;

[0024] Figure 6 Provided by an embodiment of the present application including Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure including the composite unit cell shown;

[0025] Figure 7 For Figure 6 Enlarged view of region I in;

[0026] Figure 8 Provided by an embodiment of the present application including Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure including the composite unit cell shown.

[0027] Reference numerals: 100 - composite unit cell; 110 - body-centered cubic unit cell; 111 - connecting rod; 112 - body center; 120 - elastic support assembly; 121 - support member. Detailed implementation manners

[0028] At present, the most commonly used vibration damping material in the field of mechanical equipment such as aircraft is rubber. The elasticity of rubber stems from the change in its coiled molecular structure. Rubber molecules move and rub against each other under vibration conditions, converting the kinetic energy brought by vibration into heat energy inside the rubber material, thereby realizing the functional characteristics of vibration damping and energy absorption, making it macroscopically exhibit high elasticity, high viscosity, and good vibration damping and buffering characteristics. However, rubber vibration damping materials have many limitations. For example, rubber vibration damping materials are prone to aging, decomposing harmful gases during use, and need to be replaced regularly. In addition, rubber vibration damping materials will accelerate aging in a low-dose irradiation environment. To solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure.

[0029] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. The terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] The embodiments of the present application provide a composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure, for example, as Figure 6 and Figure 8 shown, Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the first implementation manner of the composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure provided by the embodiments of the present application; Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the second implementation manner of the composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0032] The composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure provided by the embodiments of the present application includes at least one composite unit cell 100. Figure 6 and Figure 8 The two composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structures shown both include a plurality of composite unit cells 100, and the plurality of composite unit cells 100 are arrayed in at least one of the X, Y, and Z directions. Figure 6 and Figure 8 The upper and lower plates in [relevant figures] are only for convenience of expression and do not represent a limitation on the composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure. In an actual composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure, there may be no upper and lower plates. It should be noted that "a plurality" in the embodiments of the present application means greater than or equal to two. Of course, the composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure provided by the embodiments of the present application is not limited to Figure 6 and Figure 8 shown, and may also include only one composite unit cell 100.

[0033] Figure 1 and Figure 2 Exemplarily, two types of composite unit cells 100 are provided. The composite unit cell 100 includes: a body-centered cubic unit cell 110 and a plurality of elastic support components 120. The plurality of elastic support components 120 are arrayed around the center 112 of the body-centered cubic unit cell 110. Exemplarily, Figure 1 and Figure 2 the composite unit cell 100 shown in [relevant figure] includes four elastic support components 120; of course, the number of elastic support components 120 can also be other numbers. For example, the composite unit cell 100 includes three, five, six, or other numbers of elastic support components 120.

[0034] The specific structure of the body-centered cubic unit cell 110 in the embodiments of the present application is referred to Figure 3 shown. It should be noted that the upper and lower plates in Figure 3 are only for convenience of expression and do not represent a limitation on the body-centered cubic unit cell 110. In an actual body-centered cubic unit cell 110, there may be no upper and lower plates. Specifically, the body-centered cubic unit cell 110 includes a plurality of connecting rods 111. One ends of the plurality of connecting rods 111 are connected to one point to form the center 112; the plurality of connecting rods 111 extend obliquely upward in different directions, and the plurality of connecting rods 111 extend obliquely downward in different directions. Figure 3The body-centered cubic unit cell 110 shown includes eight connecting rods 111. Four connecting rods 111 extend obliquely upward in different directions, and four connecting rods 111 extend obliquely downward in different directions. Of course, the total number of connecting rods 111 included in the body-centered cubic unit cell 110 is not limited to eight, and the number of connecting rods 111 extending upward and downward in the body-centered cubic unit cell 110 is not limited to four. For example, the body-centered cubic unit cell 110 includes a total of twelve connecting rods 111. Six connecting rods 111 in the body-centered cubic unit cell 110 extend obliquely upward in different directions, and six connecting rods 111 extend obliquely downward in different directions.

[0035] The composite unit cell provided in the embodiment of the present application is made of a high-damping metal material. For example, the composite unit cell 100 uses a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, etc. as the structural material, so that the mass of the composite lattice lightweight wide-band vibration damping structure is small, and it can be conveniently applied to mechanical equipment such as aircraft that have high requirements for the mass. And the metal material is not easy to age, so that the composite lattice lightweight wide-band vibration damping structure has a long service life.

[0036] Figures 4 to 8 The X, Y, and Z directions are marked. Taking Figure 6 and Figure 8 as an example, the first direction mentioned in the embodiment of the present application is the Figures 4 to 8 X direction in, the second direction mentioned in the embodiment of the present application is the Figures 4 to 8 Y direction in, and the supporting direction of the elastic support assembly 120 mentioned in the embodiment of the present application is the Figures 4 to 8 Z direction in. The first direction, the second direction, and the supporting direction of the elastic support assembly 120 are perpendicular to each other in pairs.

[0037] When the composite lattice lightweight wide-band vibration damping structure provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of composite unit cells 100, the plurality of composite unit cells 100 can be arrayed only in one of the three directions: the first direction, the second direction, or the supporting direction of the elastic support assembly 120, or can be arrayed simultaneously in two of the three directions: the first direction, the second direction, and the supporting direction of the elastic support assembly 120. It can also be arrayed simultaneously in the three directions: the first direction, the second direction, and the supporting direction of the elastic support assembly 120.

[0038] Figure 6 What is shown is a two-layer composite lattice lightweight wide-band vibration damping structure. Figure 8Shown is a composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure with a three-layer structure. When multiple composite unit cells 100 are only arrayed along the first direction and the second direction, a layer of composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure is formed. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, and both the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to the support direction of the elastic support assembly 120. When the composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure includes multiple composite unit cells 100, the specific number of layers of the composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure is not limited in this embodiment of the present application. In actual use, it is set according to the actual situation.

[0039] In the composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure of a single-layer structure, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the two support ends of the elastic support assembly 120 are respectively connected to the two ends corresponding to the upper and lower parts of the body-centered cubic unit cell 110; continue to refer to Figure 6 and Figure 8 , two adjacent composite unit cells 100 share the elastic support assembly 120. This structural setting enables the elastic support assembly 120 to not only reduce vibration but also support the ends of the body-centered cubic unit cell 110, making the deformation amounts of the body-centered cubic unit cell 110 and the elastic support assembly 120 the same in the height direction. Furthermore, the composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure remains stable in a broadband vibration environment.

[0040] In Figures 1 to 8 the orientation shown, the two support ends of the elastic support assembly 120 refer to the upper and lower ends of the elastic support assembly 120. Similar to Figure 6 and Figure 8 shown in the composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure of a multi-layer structure, it can be regarded as an array of multiple single-layer composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structures in the support direction of the elastic support assembly 120. In the composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure of a multi-layer structure, in each layer structure, the two support ends of the elastic support assembly 120 are respectively connected to the two ends corresponding to the upper and lower parts of the body-centered cubic unit cell 110; two adjacent composite unit cells 100 share the elastic support assembly 120.

[0041] Of course, the positions and connection relationships between the two support ends of the elastic support assembly 120 and the body-centered cubic unit cell 110 are not limited to the Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown structure. The two support ends of the elastic support assembly 120 may not be connected to the two ends corresponding to the upper and lower parts of the body-centered cubic unit cell 110. In this case, two adjacent composite unit cells 100 may or may not share the elastic support assembly 120.

[0042] The elastic support assembly 120 includes at least one support member 121, and the support member 121 extends along a curved path in the support direction of the elastic support assembly 120.Figure 4 and Figure 5 Two specific structures of the support member 121 are exemplarily given. Figure 4 The elastic support assembly 120 shown in [reference] includes two support members 121, the bending path is a spiral ascending curve, and the ascending direction of the spiral ascending curve is parallel to the support direction of the elastic support assembly 120. Figure 5 The elastic support assembly 120 shown in [reference] includes four support members 121, and the bending path is a sine curve or a cosine curve. Figure 4 and Figure 5 Only two specific structures of the elastic support assembly 120 are exemplarily provided. The number of the support members 121 is not limited to two and four, and the bending path is not limited to a spiral ascending curve, a sine curve or a cosine curve. For example, the number of the support members 121 can also be three, five or other numbers, and the bending path can also be an arc curve, a hyperbola, etc.

[0043] The support member 121 extending along the bending path in the support direction of the elastic support assembly 120 in the embodiment of the present application can enable the support member 121 to deform by increasing the bending degree in a broadband vibration environment, slow down the vibration, and solve the problems of uncertainty in the deformation direction of the linear rod and easy fracture.

[0044] Referring to Figure 4 A specific implementation manner of the elastic support assembly 120 shown in [reference], the bending path is a spiral ascending curve, the support member 121 becomes a spiral spring, and the distance between the upper and lower corresponding ends of the body-centered cubic unit cell 110 is an integer multiple of the lead of the support member 121, so that the connection line between the upper and lower ends of the support member 121 is parallel to the support direction of the elastic support assembly 120, and the support member 121 is more stable in force when the mechanical device vibrates. Exemplarily, Figure 1 and Figure 6 The distance between the upper and lower corresponding ends of the body-centered cubic unit cell 110 shown in [reference] is one times the lead of the support member 121. Of course, the distance between the upper and lower corresponding ends of the body-centered cubic unit cell 110 can also be two times, three times or other integer multiples of the lead of the support member 121, and is not limited to one time.

[0045] When the bending path is a spiral ascending curve, further as Figure 4 shown, the elastic support assembly 120 includes two support members 121, and the connection lines of the upper ends and the lower ends of the two support members 121 are both parallel to the first direction. Referring to Figure 7 , Figure 7 is Figure 6An enlarged view of the I region. In the elastic support assembly 120 shared by two composite unit cells 100 adjacent in the first direction, the end portions of the two support members 121 are respectively connected to the adjacent end portions of the two body-centered cubic unit cells 110.

[0046] Referring to Figure 5 Another specific embodiment of the elastic support assembly 120 shown, the bending path is a sine curve or a cosine curve. The elastic support assembly 120 includes a plurality of support members 121. The upper and lower ends of the plurality of support members 121 are respectively connected correspondingly, and the plurality of support members 121 are annularly arrayed around the same axis. Exemplarily, Figure 5 The elastic support assembly 120 shown in includes four support members 121. The upper ends of the four support members 121 are connected, the lower ends of the four support members 121 are connected, and the four support members 121 are annularly arrayed around the same axis. Of course, the number of support members 121 is not limited to Figure 5 the four in, and can also be other numbers of support members 121 such as three, five, etc.

[0047] Further, the distance between the upper and lower corresponding end portions of the body-centered cubic unit cell 110 is an integer multiple of half the period of the support member 121, so that the connection line between the upper and lower ends of the support member 121 is parallel to the support direction of the elastic support assembly 120, making the support member 121 more stable in force under the vibration of the mechanical device. Exemplarily, Figure 2 and Figure 8 the distance between the upper and lower corresponding end portions of the body-centered cubic unit cell 110 shown in is twice the half period of the support member 121. Of course, the distance between the upper and lower corresponding end portions of the body-centered cubic unit cell 110 can also be other integer multiples of the half period of the support member 121 such as one time, three times, etc., and is not limited to twice.

[0048] The composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure provided by the embodiments of the present application can be manufactured by an additive process. The additive process can quickly and precisely manufacture any complex shape and is suitable for manufacturing the elastic support assembly 120 with a complex shape. Of course, the composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure is not limited to the additive process, and traditional subtractive manufacturing processes can also be used to manufacture each component, and then connection methods such as welding and riveting are used for connection.

[0049] The composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to mechanical equipment such as aircraft. The elastic support assembly can generate elastic buffering. When the mechanical equipment encounters vibration, the body-centered cubic unit cell 110 and the elastic support assembly 120 buffer by deforming, dissipate energy using structural damping, achieve the effect of broadband vibration damping, and are not prone to aging, will not fail to decompose harmful gases, and do not need to be replaced regularly. In addition, the internal space of the composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure provided by the embodiments of the present application is open, and its impact resistance can be improved by filling ceramic materials, or materials such as energy absorption, sound absorption, and wave absorption can be filled to achieve multiple functions to meet the various needs of aviation, aerospace, and navigation.

[0050] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts between the various embodiments, reference can be made to each other. The key points of each embodiment are the differences from other embodiments.

[0051] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure, characterized in that, it includes at least one composite unit cell (100); the composite unit cell (100) includes: a body-centered cubic unit cell (110); and a plurality of elastic support components (120), arrayed around the center (112) of the body-centered cubic unit cell (110); a plurality of the composite unit cells (100) are arrayed in a first direction and a second direction to form a layer of composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other and both are perpendicular to the support direction of the elastic support component (120); the composite unit cell (100) is made of a high-damping metal material; The two support ends of the elastic support component (120) are respectively connected to two corresponding upper and lower ends of the body-centered cubic unit cell (110), and two adjacent composite unit cells (100) share the elastic support component (120); the elastic support component (120) includes at least one support member (121), and the support member (121) extends along a curved path in the support direction of the elastic support component (120); the curved path is a helically rising curve, and the rising direction of the helically rising curve is parallel to the support direction of the elastic support component (120).

2. The composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, the distance between the two corresponding upper and lower ends of the body-centered cubic unit cell (110) is an integer multiple of the lead of the support member (121).

3. The composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, the elastic support component (120) includes two support members (121), and the connecting line of the upper ends and the connecting line of the lower ends of the two support members (121) are both parallel to the first direction; in the elastic support component (120) shared by two adjacent composite unit cells (100) in the first direction, the end parts of the two support members (121) are respectively connected to the adjacent ends of the two body-centered cubic unit cells (110).

4. The composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, the curved path is a sine curve or a cosine curve.

5. The composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, the elastic support component (120) includes a plurality of support members (121); the upper ends and the lower ends of the plurality of support members (121) are respectively connected correspondingly, and the plurality of support members (121) are annularly arrayed around the same axis.

6. The composite lattice lightweight broadband vibration damping structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, the distance between the two corresponding upper and lower ends of the body-centered cubic unit cell (110) is an integer multiple of the half period of the support member (121).

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