Dual-band leaky-wave antenna, transmission method of dual-band leaky-wave antenna, and communication system

Abstract

The application provides a dual-band leaky-wave antenna, a transmission method of the dual-band leaky-wave antenna and a communication system, and relates to the technical field of communication; comprising a transmission structure, a dielectric plate and a connecting structure; the dielectric plate is provided with a radiation structure; the transmission structure is connected with the dielectric plate through the connecting structure, so that the radiation structure is installed on the top of the transmission structure; the transmission structure is used for transmitting energy of different frequency bands, and the radiation structure is used for radiating energy of different frequency bands to form a radiation beam. The method comprises the following steps: arranging the radiation structure on the dielectric plate; connecting the dielectric plate and the transmission structure through the connecting structure, so that the radiation structure is arranged on the top of the transmission structure; transmitting energy of different frequency bands through the transmission structure; and radiating energy of different frequency bands through the radiation structure to form a radiation beam. The radiation structure is arranged in the transmission structure, so that the transmission structure and the radiation structure are shared by different frequency bands, the size of the space occupied by the antenna is reduced, and the antenna has a good radiation effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and more specifically, to a dual-band leaky wave antenna, a transmission method for the dual-band leaky wave antenna, and a communication system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of wireless communication technology, on the one hand, there is a growing demand for expanding the frequency spectrum, leading to increasing requirements for multi-band operation; on the other hand, higher demands are placed on the miniaturization and integration of wireless communication systems. Therefore, existing technologies typically use common-aperture antennas for communication. Common-aperture antennas can integrate antennas of different frequencies and types, reducing the volume occupied by antenna equipment and thus reducing the overall system size.

[0003] In beam scanning systems, the main beam of a dual-band leaky wave antenna can have different beam directions depending on the operating frequency, thus gaining wide application and research. While existing common-aperture filter antennas can process electromagnetic waves in different frequency bands, they typically require different radiating elements for each band, resulting in a large size for current antenna devices and hindering the miniaturization and integration of wireless communication systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a dual-band leaky antenna, a transmission method for the dual-band leaky antenna, and a communication system, so as to improve the problem of the large size of dual-band filter antenna devices in the prior art.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, in a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a dual-band leaky wave antenna, which includes: a transmission structure, a dielectric substrate, and a connection structure;

[0006] A radiating structure is provided on the dielectric substrate;

[0007] The transmission structure is connected to the dielectric substrate via the connection structure, so that the radiation structure is mounted on top of the transmission structure;

[0008] The transmission structure is used to transmit energy in different frequency bands, and the radiation structure is used to radiate the energy in different frequency bands to form a radiation beam.

[0009] In the above implementation process, to transmit energy across different frequency bands, a radiating structure can be incorporated into the transmission structure. This allows energy from different frequency bands within the antenna transmission structure to share the same radiating structure for radiation, forming corresponding radiating beams. By sharing the transmission and radiating structures, the size of the radiating structure when the antenna radiates energy across different frequency bands is effectively reduced, thereby decreasing the space occupied by the antenna and communication system, which is beneficial for device miniaturization and integration. Furthermore, the shared transmission and radiating structures can effectively improve radiation efficiency, providing good transmission bandwidth and optimizing the performance of the dual-band leaky-wave antenna.

[0010] Optionally, the first surface of the dielectric substrate is configured as a copper-clad layer;

[0011] The radiating structure is disposed on the copper cladding layer.

[0012] In the above implementation process, the dielectric substrate is set as a plate structure with two different structures on both sides. In order to effectively radiate energy, the first side of the dielectric substrate that is close to the transmission structure during installation can be set as a copper layer, thereby setting a common radiation structure on the copper layer.

[0013] Optionally, the radiating structure includes a plurality of radiating slots;

[0014] The length and width of the plurality of said radial slits are the same;

[0015] Multiple radial slots are etched side-by-side on the copper cladding layer, and the distance between two adjacent radial slots is a first distance.

[0016] In the above implementation process, the radiation structure is set as multiple radiation slots with the same length and width etched side by side on the copper-clad layer. Furthermore, the multiple radiation slots can be periodically arranged at a first distance interval to achieve periodic radiation slots, so as to radiate electromagnetic waves of different frequency bands and effectively improve the efficiency of radiation.

[0017] Optionally, the transmission structure includes: a self-reconfigurable transmission line structure, wherein the self-reconfigurable transmission line structure is disposed on the transmission structure in a preset shape;

[0018] The self-reconfigurable transmission line structure includes multiple periodically arranged metal pillars.

[0019] In the above implementation process, the transmission structure includes a self-reconfigurable transmission line structure arranged in a preset shape. The self-reconfigurable transmission line structure includes multiple periodically arranged metal pillars to form a metallic transmission line. By adjusting the shape of the self-reconfigurable transmission line structure, energy coupling between different frequency bands can be effectively reduced.

[0020] Optionally, the transmission structure includes: a high-frequency feed port and a low-frequency feed port;

[0021] The high-frequency feed port and the low-frequency feed port are isolated by the self-reconfigurable transmission line structure, so that the high-frequency feed port and the low-frequency feed port share the transmission line structure and the radiation structure.

[0022] In the above implementation process, the transmission structure includes feed ports corresponding to electromagnetic waves of different frequency bands. The feed ports of different frequency bands are isolated by a self-reconfigurable transmission line structure, thereby reducing the energy coupling of the high-frequency feed port to the low-frequency feed port. This enables the feed ports of different frequency bands to share the transmission line structure and radiation structure for transmission and radiation.

[0023] Optionally, the height and diameter of the plurality of said metal columns are the same;

[0024] The distance between any two adjacent metal pillars is the second distance.

[0025] In the above implementation process, in order to maintain the consistency of the metal transmission line, the height, diameter and spacing between the multiple metal pillars in the self-reconfigurable transmission line structure are the same, so that the metal transmission line of the preset shape is composed of multiple metal pillars with the same parameters and arranged periodically, which reduces the area occupied by the transmission line and improves the effectiveness of the self-reconfigurable transmission line structure.

[0026] Optionally, the height of the metal pillar is less than the third distance, which is the distance between the lower surface of the self-reconfigurable transmission line structure and the upper surface of the self-reconfigurable transmission line structure.

[0027] In the above implementation process, the height of the metal pillar does not exceed the distance between the self-reconfigurable transmission line structures, so that there is a gap between the metal pillar and the upper surface of the self-reconfigurable transmission line structure, and the metal pillar will not contact the top of the self-reconfigurable transmission line structure, so as not to have an adverse effect on transmission and radiation.

[0028] Optionally, a first through hole is provided on the dielectric substrate, and a second through hole is provided on the transmission structure;

[0029] The connection structure is based on the first through hole and the second through hole, and the dielectric plate is mounted on top of the transmission structure.

[0030] In the above implementation process, through holes are provided at the corresponding positions of the dielectric substrate and the transmission structure, so that the connection structure can install the dielectric substrate on the top of the transmission structure based on the through holes, thereby placing the radiation structure on the top of the transmission line to achieve the radiation of electromagnetic waves of different frequency bands.

[0031] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a transmission method for a dual-band leaky-wave antenna, the method comprising:

[0032] A radial structure is set on the dielectric substrate;

[0033] The dielectric substrate and the transmission structure are connected by a connection structure, so that the radiation structure is disposed on top of the transmission structure;

[0034] The transmission structure transmits energy in different frequency bands; the radiation structure radiates the energy in different frequency bands to form a radiation beam.

[0035] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a communication system, the system including the dual-band leaky antenna described in any of the above claims.

[0036] In summary, this application provides a dual-band leaky wave antenna, a transmission method for the dual-band leaky wave antenna, and a communication system. By setting a radiation structure in the transmission structure, different frequency bands of the antenna can share the same radiation structure, thereby reducing the space occupied by the antenna and the communication system, enabling radiation to different frequency bands, and having a better radiation effect. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 A side view of a dual-band leaky wave antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 2 A planar structural diagram of a dielectric substrate provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 3 A top view of a transmission structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 4 A side view of a transmission structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 5 This application provides a transmission method for a dual-band leaky wave antenna.

[0043] Icons: 100 - Transmission structure; 110 - Self-reconfigurable transmission line structure; 111 - Metal pillar; 112 - Upper surface; 113 - Lower surface; 120 - High-frequency feed port; 130 - Low-frequency feed port; 140 - Short-circuit wall; 150 - Second via; 200 - Dielectric board; 210 - Radiation structure; 211 - Radiation slot; 220 - Copper cladding layer; 230 - First via; 300 - Connection structure. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the embodiments of this application.

[0045] While current common-aperture filter antennas can process electromagnetic waves of different frequency bands, dual-band leaky-wave antennas require different radiating elements for different frequency bands. Therefore, in filter antennas capable of processing multiple frequency bands, the different radiating elements for each band result in a large total space occupied by the radiating elements, leading to a large overall size for current antenna devices. This hinders the miniaturization and integration of wireless communication systems.

[0046] To resolve the above issues, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a side view of a dual-band leaky wave antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. The dual-band leaky wave antenna may include: a transmission structure 100, a dielectric substrate 200, and a connection structure 300.

[0047] The dielectric substrate 200 has a radiating structure; the transmission structure 100 is connected to the dielectric substrate 200 via a connecting structure 300, so that the radiating structure is mounted on top of the transmission structure 100. The transmission structure 100 is used to transmit energy in different frequency bands, and the radiating structure is used to radiate energy in different frequency bands to form a radiating beam. By sharing the transmission and radiating structures, the size of the radiating structure when the antenna radiates energy in different frequency bands is effectively reduced, thereby reducing the space occupied by the antenna and the communication system, which is beneficial for the miniaturization and integration of the equipment. Furthermore, sharing the transmission and radiating structures can also effectively improve the efficiency of transmission and radiation, providing good transmission bandwidth and optimizing the working effect of the dual-band leaky wave antenna.

[0048] Optionally, Figure 1The connecting structure 300 is a fixing frame of a corresponding shape set according to the shape of the transmission structure 100 and the dielectric plate 200. The connecting structure 300 can also be various types of clips, screws, pins and other structures that can install the dielectric plate 200 on the top of the transmission structure 100 so that the radiation structure can radiate multi-band electromagnetic waves.

[0049] Optionally, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a planar structural diagram of a dielectric substrate 200 provided in an embodiment of this application. The first side of the dielectric substrate 200 is the side that is close to the transmission structure 100 after installation, and is set as a copper-clad layer 220. The radiating structure 210 is disposed on the copper-clad layer 220.

[0050] For example, the dielectric substrate 200 can be a Rogers4350 dielectric substrate with a thickness of 0.254 mm.

[0051] Optionally, the radiating structure 210 includes multiple radiating slots 211, each with the same length and width, for example, each slot is 8 mm long and 0.5 mm wide. The multiple radiating slots 211 are etched side by side on the copper-clad layer 220, and the distance between two adjacent radiating slots 211 is set as a first distance, so that the multiple radiating slots 211 can be periodically arranged on the dielectric substrate 200 to radiate electromagnetic waves of different frequency bands, effectively improving the efficiency of radiation.

[0052] Optionally, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a top view of a transmission structure 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. The transmission structure 100 may further include a self-reconfigurable transmission line structure 110, which is disposed on the transmission structure 100 in a preset shape, for example, as... Figure 3 The cross shape shown is provided on the transmission structure 100, but it can also be provided on the transmission structure 100 in other shapes.

[0053] For example, the self-reconfigurable transmission line structure 110 is a metal structure that can be processed by machining technology. It may include multiple self-reconfigurable transmission lines, each with an equal width, for example, 15mm.

[0054] Optionally, the self-reconfigurable transmission line structure 110 may further include multiple periodically arranged metal pillars 111. The height and diameter of the multiple metal pillars 111 are the same, for example, the height is set to 2.5 mm and the diameter to 1 mm. Furthermore, the distance between any two adjacent metal pillars 111 is also equal, which is a second distance. For example, when the second distance is 2 mm, the multiple metal pillars can be arranged periodically with a period of 2 mm, thereby forming the self-reconfigurable transmission line structure 110, reducing the area occupied by the transmission line and improving the effectiveness of the self-reconfigurable transmission line structure 110.

[0055] Optionally, the transmission structure 100 may also include feed ports of different frequency bands, namely a high-frequency feed port 120 and a low-frequency feed port 130. The high-frequency feed port 120 and the low-frequency feed port 130 are isolated by a self-reconfigurable transmission line structure 110 so that the high-frequency feed port 120 and the low-frequency feed port 130 share the transmission line structure and the radiation structure 210.

[0056] For example, both the high-frequency feed port 120 and the low-frequency feed port 130 can be configured as multiple feed ports. Figure 3 The diagram only shows a structure with two feed ports. For example, when the high-frequency feed port 120 is operating, it transmits energy to another high-frequency feed port 120 on the right. The self-reconfigurable transmission line structure 110 isolates the high-frequency feed port 120 and the low-frequency feed port 130, preventing energy from coupling from the high-frequency feed port 120 to the low-frequency feed port 130. When the low-frequency feed port 130 is operating, its energy transmission passes through the high-frequency feed port 120. However, the probe sizes of the two feed ports at different frequency bands are different, effectively reducing energy coupling.

[0057] Optionally, short-circuit walls 140 are also provided on both sides of the transmission structure 100 to intercept electromagnetic waves.

[0058] For example, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a side view of a transmission structure 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 It is known that the distance between the lower surface 113 and the upper surface 112 of the self-reconfigurable transmission line structure 110 is the third distance, and the height of the metal pillar 111 is less than the third distance, so that there is a gap between the metal pillar 111 and the upper surface 112 of the self-reconfigurable transmission line structure 110. For example, the gap distance is set to 1 mm, so that the metal pillar 111 will not contact the top of the self-reconfigurable transmission line structure 110 and will not have an adverse effect on transmission and radiation.

[0059] Optionally, the self-reconfigurable transmission line structure 110 is a novel dual-frequency transmission line that can adjust the operating frequency within a certain range according to different boundary conditions at different frequencies while keeping other parameters constant. The self-reconfigurable transmission line structure 110 may include a rectangular waveguide, which may include an electromagnetic bandgap structure composed of periodically discontinuous metal pillars 111. The metal pillars 111 can be arranged along the transmission direction of the electromagnetic wave. The metal pillars 111 are in contact with the lower surface of the rectangular waveguide, i.e., the lower surface 113 of the self-reconfigurable transmission line structure 110, and a gap, i.e., a third distance, is left between them and the upper surface 112 of the self-reconfigurable transmission line structure 110, so that the upper surface of the rectangular waveguide is equivalent to the side of the dielectric substrate 200 in this application with the copper-clad layer 220. When processing low-frequency electromagnetic waves, the waves can propagate through the gap between the electromagnetic bandgap structure and the upper surface of the rectangular waveguide. When processing high-frequency electromagnetic waves, the electromagnetic bandgap structure exhibits band-stop characteristics, blocking the electromagnetic waves to be transmitted above it, allowing the waves to propagate through the equivalent waveguide between the electromagnetic bandgap structures. This design allows for frequency adjustment within a certain range, enabling operation in two frequency bands. Compared to structures with multiple transmission lines, it is more compact, reducing the size of the transmission line structure and thus the space occupied by the antenna and the entire communication system, while also providing good transmission bandwidth.

[0060] For example, the medium plate 200 may also be provided with a first through hole 230, and the transmission structure 100 may be provided with a second through hole 150; so that the connection structure 300 can mount the medium plate 200 on top of the transmission structure 100 based on the first through hole 230 and the second through hole 150.

[0061] The positions and sizes of the first through hole 230 and the second through hole 150 correspond to each other, so that the connection structure 300 can connect the medium plate 200 and the transmission structure 100 through the first through hole 230 and the second through hole 150. The first through hole 230 and the second through hole 150 can be circular through holes or through holes of other shapes, which can be set according to the parameters and characteristics of the connection structure 300.

[0062] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 A transmission method for a dual-band leaky wave antenna is provided in the embodiments of this application, the method including steps S400-S600.

[0063] Step S400: Set up a radiation structure on the dielectric substrate.

[0064] In particular, by etching a radiation structure consisting of periodically arranged radiation slots on the copper-clad layer of the dielectric substrate, electromagnetic wave energy of different frequency bands can share the same radiation structure for radiation, thereby improving the efficiency of radiation.

[0065] In step S500, the dielectric substrate and the transmission structure are connected by a connecting structure so that the radiation structure is positioned on top of the transmission structure.

[0066] The connecting structure connects the dielectric substrate to the transmission structure, allowing the radiation structure to be positioned on top of the transmission structure for operation.

[0067] In step S600, energy of different frequency bands is transmitted through the transmission structure; energy of different frequency bands is radiated through the radiation structure to form a radiation beam.

[0068] Optionally, when testing the dual-band leaky antenna provided in this application embodiment, the tested low-frequency reflection coefficient is less than -10dB in the frequency range of 8.7GHz to 10.5GHz, and the high-frequency reflection coefficient is less than -10dB in the frequency range of 26GHz to 35.5GHz. The maximum gain in the low-frequency band is 13dBi, and the maximum gain in the high-frequency band is 24dBi. When operating in the low-frequency band, the energy coupled from the high-frequency band feed port to the low-frequency band feed port is less than -18dB; when operating in the high-frequency band, the energy coupled from the low-frequency band feed port to the high-frequency band feed port is less than -45dB. The dual-band leaky antenna provided in this application, which shares a transmission structure and a radiation structure, can reduce the size of the antenna, has good radiation characteristics, and can achieve stable gain.

[0069] This application also provides a communication system, which includes a dual-band leaky antenna as described above. The communication system can be of various types of wireless communication systems.

[0070] In summary, the embodiments of this application provide a dual-band leaky wave antenna, a transmission method for the dual-band leaky wave antenna, and a communication system. By setting a radiation structure in the transmission structure, different frequency bands of the antenna can share the same radiation structure, thereby reducing the space occupied by the antenna and the communication system, enabling radiation to different frequency bands, and having a better radiation effect.

[0071] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed device can also be implemented in other ways. The embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architecture, functionality, and operation of the device according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in the block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than those marked in the drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagram, and combinations of block diagrams, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or action, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0072] In addition, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist independently, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0073] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0074] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0075] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

[0076] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

Claims

1. A dual-band leaky wave antenna, characterized in that, The dual-band leaky antenna includes: a transmission structure, a dielectric substrate, and a connection structure; The dielectric substrate is provided with a radiating structure; wherein, the radiating structure includes a plurality of radiating slots; the plurality of radiating slots have the same length and width; The transmission structure is connected to the dielectric substrate via the connection structure, so that the radiation structure is mounted on top of the transmission structure; The transmission structure is used to transmit energy in different frequency bands, and the radiation structure is used to radiate the energy in different frequency bands to form a radiation beam. The transmission structure includes a self-reconfigurable transmission line structure, which is arranged in a preset shape on the transmission structure. The self-reconfigurable transmission line structure comprises multiple periodically arranged metal pillars forming a cross shape. The height of each metal pillar is less than a third distance, which is the distance between the lower surface and the upper surface of the self-reconfigurable transmission line structure. The transmission structure includes a high-frequency feed port and a low-frequency feed port. The high-frequency feed port and the low-frequency feed port are isolated by the periodically arranged metal pillars, so that the high-frequency feed port and the low-frequency feed port share the transmission line structure and the radiation structure.

2. The dual-band leaky wave antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first surface of the dielectric substrate is configured as a copper-clad layer; The radiating structure is disposed on the copper cladding layer.

3. The dual-band leaky wave antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple radial slots are etched side-by-side on the copper cladding layer, and the distance between two adjacent radial slots is a first distance.

4. The dual-band leaky wave antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height and diameter of the plurality of said metal pillars are the same; The distance between any two adjacent metal pillars is the second distance.

5. The dual-band leaky wave antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The medium board is provided with a first through hole, and the transmission structure is provided with a second through hole; The connection structure is based on the first through hole and the second through hole, and the dielectric plate is mounted on top of the transmission structure.

6. A transmission method for a dual-band leaky wave antenna, characterized in that, The method is applied to the dual-band leaky antenna according to any one of claims 1-5, and the method includes: A radial structure is set on the dielectric substrate; The dielectric substrate and the transmission structure are connected by a connection structure, so that the radiation structure is disposed on top of the transmission structure; The transmission structure transmits energy in different frequency bands; the radiation structure radiates the energy in different frequency bands to form a radiation beam.

7. A communication system, characterized in that, The system includes a dual-band leaky antenna as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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