A tunnel ventilation and dust removal test device

Abstract

The application provides a tunnel ventilation and dust removal test device, which comprises a test chamber and a stirring chamber, one end of the test chamber is connected with the stirring chamber through a partition, the stirring chamber is provided with a stirring assembly, and the stirring chamber is connected with a dust conveying assembly so as to convey dust to the stirring chamber through the dust conveying assembly, diffusion holes are formed in the partition so that dust in the stirring chamber diffuses to the test chamber, the test chamber is connected with a ventilation and dust removal assembly, and an observation hole is formed in the side wall of the test chamber so as to connect with an instrument to obtain test data. The application can well simulate dust conditions and ventilation conditions at a tunnel construction working face, and can complete tests in aspects of tunnel ventilation, dust removal and cooling. The power of a fan, the position of a wind pipe, the specified dust concentration, the set heating power and the like can be adjusted, the reliability and accuracy of the test are improved, and the structure is simple and the test operation is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel ventilation and dust removal technology, and in particular to a tunnel ventilation and dust removal test device. Background Technology

[0002] During TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) excavation, the tunnel is quite long, and the interior can be considered a relatively enclosed space. Therefore, the volume fraction of dust and harmful gas concentrations, as well as the ambient temperature, are crucial for the safety of workers and the normal operation of the equipment. This is especially true for long tunnels, where the long ventilation distances, high equipment power, and high dust and harmful gas concentrations place even greater demands on the ventilation and dust removal system, making it technically challenging. Therefore, controlling the concentration and temperature of harmful substances (harmful gases and dust) in the tunnel construction environment and providing the necessary fresh air to workers has become a primary task in TBM tunnel ventilation research. The ventilation and dust removal system following the TBM is the most critical system for ventilation and dust removal within the tunnel. It provides sufficient fresh air, filters out dust particles and harmful gases, ensures the respiratory safety of workers and the normal operation of the equipment, and also exchanges heat with the warm air inside the tunnel, reducing the temperature. Ventilation and dust removal system design is a crucial technology that directly impacts the safety of workers inside the tunnel, the normal operation of tunneling equipment, and whether the tunneling machine can tunnel smoothly, safely, and efficiently.

[0003] In recent years, the construction of long tunnels has become increasingly common, placing higher demands on ventilation and dust control systems. The fundamental solution to the ventilation challenges of mechanized construction in long tunnels lies in designing a scientific, advanced, and rational ventilation and dust control system. The rationality of the ventilation and dust control duct layout directly affects the ventilation environment within the tunnel. An improperly arranged ventilation and dust control system will lead to poor ventilation within the tunnel, insufficient air for workers' breathing, malfunctioning machinery, inefficient dust removal, high tunnel temperatures, increased economic costs, and significant energy losses. In severe cases, it can even prevent normal excavation, thus impacting the project schedule.

[0004] In summary, studying the configuration rules of ventilation and dust removal ducts in ventilation and dust removal systems to achieve optimal ventilation, dust removal, and temperature control effects, and proposing optimal duct layout schemes for ventilation and dust removal systems that can guide practical engineering applications, has theoretical significance and application prospects. However, currently, the effectiveness testing of ventilation and dust removal schemes is mainly done through computer simulations or actual engineering projects, and few experimental equipment can provide experimental verification for ventilation and dust removal schemes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the aforementioned background technology by providing a tunnel ventilation and dust removal testing device, which can better determine the comprehensive solution of the ventilation and dust removal system through testing, ensuring effectiveness while saving design costs.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a tunnel ventilation and dust removal test device, comprising a test chamber and a mixing chamber. One end of the test chamber is connected to the mixing chamber via a partition. The mixing chamber is equipped with a mixing component and is also connected to a dust conveying component to convey dust to the mixing chamber. The partition has diffusion holes to allow dust from the mixing chamber to diffuse into the test chamber. The test chamber is connected to the ventilation and dust removal component, and an observation hole is provided on the side wall of the test chamber to connect instruments for acquiring test data.

[0007] Furthermore, the stirring assembly includes a first stirring assembly and a second stirring assembly;

[0008] The first stirring assembly includes a stirring motor and a stirring element that is drivenly connected to the stirring motor; the second stirring assembly includes a stirring fan and a stirring duct connected to the stirring fan.

[0009] Furthermore, the stirring component is arranged on the side wall of the stirring chamber, the rotating shaft of the stirring component is horizontally distributed and faces the partition, the stirring air duct is arranged at the bottom of the stirring chamber, and the stirring air duct is vertically upward.

[0010] Furthermore, the dust conveying assembly includes a dust conveying pipe, the end of which is connected to the mixing chamber. A spiral conveying mechanism is installed inside the dust conveying pipe, which is continuously rotated by a dust conveying motor. The dust conveying pipe is connected to a dust silo containing dust.

[0011] Furthermore, a dust flow sensor is installed at the end of the dust conveying pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the ventilation and dust removal assembly includes an intake fan and an exhaust fan, wherein the intake fan and the exhaust fan are respectively connected to the laboratory through an intake duct and an exhaust duct;

[0013] The ventilation and dust removal assembly also includes a spray pipe installed in the test chamber, with multiple nozzles on the spray pipe for spraying and dust removal in the test chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, both the inlet duct and the outlet duct are telescopic ducts to adjust their depth and position.

[0015] Furthermore, the device includes a cylindrical body, and the partition is arranged inside the cylindrical body to divide the cylindrical body into the test chamber and the stirring chamber. The partition can be adjusted in installation position.

[0016] Furthermore, the diffusion holes are arc-shaped holes distributed around the center of the partition.

[0017] Furthermore, a heating assembly is also provided on the partition plate, which is used to heat the test chamber.

[0018] The above-described solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The tunnel ventilation and dust removal test device provided by this invention can effectively simulate the dust and ventilation conditions at the tunnel face during construction. It can perform tests on tunnel ventilation, dust removal, and cooling. It can adjust the fan power and duct position, generate a specified dust concentration, and set the heating power, thereby improving the reliability and accuracy of the test. At the same time, it has a simple structure and is easy to operate.

[0020] Other beneficial effects of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ventilation and dust removal component of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the partition structure of the present invention.

[0024] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0025] 1-Laboratory; 2-Stirring chamber; 3-Baffle; 4-Diffuser hole; 5-Observation hole; 6-Stirring motor; 7-Stirring component; 8-Stirring fan; 9-Stirring duct; 10-Dust conveying pipe; 11-Screw conveying mechanism; 12-Dust conveying motor; 13-Dust silo; 14-Dust flow sensor; 15-Injection fan; 16-Extraction fan; 17-Injection duct; 18-Extraction duct; 19-Heating component; 20-Spray pipe; 21-Nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the technical problems, solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, a detailed description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a locking connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a tunnel ventilation and dust removal test device, including a test chamber 1 and a mixing chamber 2. One end of the test chamber 1 is connected to the mixing chamber 2 via a partition 3. The mixing chamber 2 is equipped with a mixing component and is also connected to a dust conveying component to convey dust to the mixing chamber 2. The mixing component then mixes the dust evenly, so that the dust is evenly distributed in the space of the mixing chamber 2.

[0030] A diffusion hole 4 is provided on the partition plate 3 to allow the dust in the mixing chamber 2 to slowly diffuse into the test chamber 1, thereby simulating the dust conditions at the tunnel face. Simultaneously, the test chamber 1 is connected to a ventilation and dust removal system, which draws air into the test chamber 1 and sprays it to simulate ventilation and dust removal within the tunnel. During the experiment, relevant test data can be measured through observation holes 5 on the side wall of the test chamber 1 using appropriate sensors.

[0031] Therefore, the tunnel ventilation and dust removal test device provided in this embodiment can effectively simulate the dust and ventilation conditions at the tunnel construction face, which is more realistic and reliable than computer simulation and is also convenient for testing.

[0032] In this embodiment, the stirring assembly includes a first stirring assembly and a second stirring assembly. The first stirring assembly includes a stirring motor 6 and a stirring element 7 driven by the stirring motor 6. The second stirring assembly includes a stirring fan 8 and a stirring duct 9 connected to the stirring fan 8. The two stirring assemblies effectively agitate the dust within the stirring chamber 2.

[0033] It should be noted that the stirring component 7 can take the form of a stirring rod, stirring blade, etc., and no specific restrictions are made here.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the agitator 7 is arranged on the side wall of the mixing chamber 2. The rotating shaft of the agitator 7 is horizontally distributed and faces the partition 3. It occupies the main space of the mixing chamber 2. During continuous mixing, it pushes the dust-containing air towards the partition 3 so that the dust can be diffused from the partition 3 into the test chamber 1. The agitator duct 9 is arranged at the bottom of the mixing chamber 2 and faces vertically upward. The agitator duct 9 re-raises the fallen dust and prevents the dust from accumulating at the bottom of the mixing chamber 2.

[0035] In this embodiment, the dust conveying assembly includes a dust conveying pipe 10, which is located at the top of the mixing chamber 2 and connected to the mixing chamber 2 at its end. A screw conveying mechanism 11 (auger conveying mechanism) is installed inside the dust conveying pipe 10. The screw conveying mechanism 11 is driven by a dust conveying motor 12 located at the front end of the dust conveying pipe 10 and rotates continuously, continuously conveying dust from the dust conveying pipe 10 to the mixing chamber 2. The dust conveying pipe 10 is connected to a dust hopper 13 containing dust, and the dust in the dust hopper 13 falls into the dust conveying pipe 10 under gravity.

[0036] As a further improvement, in this embodiment, a dust flow sensor 14 is installed at the end of the dust conveying pipe 10. The dust flow sensor 14 can measure the dust flow rate entering the mixing chamber 2, thereby providing feedback control to the dust conveying motor 12 to adjust the conveying speed of the screw conveying mechanism 11, changing the dust flow rate to meet different dust diffusion concentration requirements. The dust flow sensor 14 can be a microwave solid flow meter, which measures the dust flow rate using microwave principles.

[0037] The dust material in the dust silo 13 is replaceable to create different dust environments and realistically simulate the tunnel construction site.

[0038] At the same time, such as Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the ventilation and dust removal assembly includes an intake fan 15 and an exhaust fan 16. The intake fan 15 and the exhaust fan 16 are connected to the test chamber 1 through an intake duct 17 and an exhaust duct 18, respectively, to supply air to the test chamber 1 and to exhaust air from the test chamber 1. The fan power can be controlled to simulate different ventilation conditions in the tunnel.

[0039] As a further improvement, in this embodiment, both the inlet duct 17 and the outlet duct 18 are telescopic ducts to adjust the position of the duct ends, thereby testing the effect of ventilation at different positions on dust distribution, and obtaining the configuration rules of the ventilation ducts of the ventilation and dust removal system, which has considerable practical significance.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the experimental device in this example mainly consists of a cylindrical body, with partitions 3 arranged inside the body to divide it into sections. Figure 1 The diagram shows test chamber 1 on the right and mixing chamber 2 on the left. The partition 3 allows for adjustment of its installation position, changing the volume of both the mixing chamber 2 and test chamber 1.

[0041] For example, the inner wall of the cylinder can be provided with a groove, which includes a portion surrounding the central axis of the cylinder and a portion parallel to the central axis, and they are interconnected. A locking block matching the groove is formed on the outer edge of the partition 3. Therefore, when adjusting the position, the locking block of the partition 3 is positioned in the groove parallel to the central axis. After adjustment, the partition 3 is rotated so that the locking block is positioned in the groove surrounding the central axis, thereby fixing the installation position of the partition 3.

[0042] At the same time, such as Figure 3 As shown, in this preferred embodiment, the diffusion holes 4 are arc-shaped holes distributed around the center of the partition 3. The diffusion holes are designed according to the distribution of the cutter teeth on the TBM cutterhead to better simulate the diffusion in actual conditions.

[0043] Of course, in other embodiments, other forms of diffusion holes 4 can be used, as long as they can allow the dust to diffuse slowly into the test chamber 1. No specific restrictions are imposed here.

[0044] As a further improvement, in this embodiment, a heating component 19 is also provided on the partition 3. The heating component 19 is used to heat the test chamber 1 to simulate the heat generated when the cutting tool breaks the rock during working face operation. The heating component 19 can be arranged on one side of the mixing chamber 2, and the wiring can be led out from the mixing chamber 2 for easy arrangement. The heating component 19 has a preset heating power.

[0045] As a further improvement, in this embodiment, a spray pipe 20 arranged along the axial direction is added to the test chamber 1, and a nozzle 21 is set on the spray pipe 20 at intervals. The position of the spray pipe 20, the water volume, and the diameter of the nozzle 21 can all be adjusted, and each nozzle 21 can be opened and closed independently, so that the device has the function of spray dust removal.

[0046] It should be noted that the forced air duct 17, the exhaust air duct 18, and the spray pipe 20 can all be installed or removed according to the requirements of the test plan. For example, in the ventilation and dust removal system plan, only the forced air duct 17 is required, without the exhaust air duct 18 and the spray pipe 20. In this case, only the forced air duct 17 needs to be installed during the test, while the exhaust air duct 18 and the spray pipe 20 are not installed. Similarly, the heating component 19 on the partition 3 can also be selected for heating according to the test requirements.

[0047] In summary, this device can perform tests on tunnel ventilation, dust removal, and cooling. It can adjust the power of the inlet fan 15 and the outlet fan 16, adjust the position of the inlet duct 17, the outlet duct 18, the spray pipe 20, etc., generate a specified dust concentration, set the heating power, and perform spray dust removal.

[0048] The working process of this device is as follows:

[0049] First, set the flow rates of the inlet fan 15 and the outlet fan 16, as well as the required dust concentration. Then, adjust the inlet duct 17, outlet duct 18, and spray pipe 20 to specific positions to start the experiment. Upon startup, the dust conveying motor 12 drives the screw conveyor mechanism 11 to rotate, scattering the dust from the dust hopper 13 into the mixing chamber 5 on the left side of the cylinder along the dust conveying pipe 10. The dust flow sensor 14 at the end of the dust conveying pipe 10 monitors the flow rate of the conveyed dust, thereby adjusting the speed of the dust conveying motor 12 to generate the specified dust concentration. After entering the mixing chamber 2, the dust is evenly distributed in the mixing chamber 2 under the combined action of the stirring component 7 driven by the stirring motor 6 and the stirring duct 9 connected to the stirring fan 8. Then, it slowly diffuses through the partition 3 to the test chamber 1 on the right side of the cylinder to simulate the dust conditions at the tunnel face. Air is forced into the test chamber 1 by the forced air fan 15 through the forced air duct 17, and then extracted by the extraction fan 16 through the extraction air duct 18 to simulate ventilation and dust removal in the tunnel. The nozzles 21 of the spray pipe 20 continuously spray dust. During the experiment, sensors can be used to measure and collect relevant experimental data through the observation hole 5.

[0050] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel ventilation and dust removal test device, characterized in that, The apparatus includes a test chamber and a mixing chamber. One end of the test chamber is connected to the mixing chamber via a partition. The mixing chamber is equipped with a mixing assembly and is also connected to a dust conveying assembly to convey dust to the mixing chamber. The partition has diffusion holes to allow the dust in the mixing chamber to slowly diffuse into the test chamber, simulating the dust conditions at the tunnel face. The test chamber is connected to a ventilation and dust removal assembly, and observation holes are provided on the side wall of the test chamber to connect instruments and obtain test data. The stirring assembly includes a first stirring assembly and a second stirring assembly; The first stirring assembly includes a stirring motor and a stirring component that is drivenly connected to the stirring motor; the second stirring assembly includes a stirring fan and a stirring duct connected to the stirring fan. The stirring components are arranged on the side wall of the stirring chamber, the rotating shafts of the stirring components are horizontally distributed and face the partition, and the stirring air duct is arranged at the bottom of the stirring chamber, with the stirring air duct pointing vertically upward. The diffusion holes are arc-shaped holes distributed around the center of the partition plate, and the diffusion holes are designed according to the distribution of the cutter teeth on the cutterhead of the TBM shield machine; The partition is also equipped with a heating component, which is used to heat the test chamber to simulate the heat generated when the cutting tool breaks rocks during working face operations; The ventilation and dust removal assembly includes an intake fan and an exhaust fan, wherein the intake fan and the exhaust fan are respectively connected to the laboratory through an intake duct and an exhaust duct; Both the inlet and outlet ducts are telescopic ducts to adjust their depth and position, and to test the effect of ventilation at different positions on dust distribution.

2. The tunnel ventilation and dust removal test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust conveying assembly includes a dust conveying pipe, the end of which is connected to the mixing chamber. A spiral conveying mechanism is installed inside the dust conveying pipe. The spiral conveying mechanism is driven to rotate continuously by a dust conveying motor. The dust conveying pipe is connected to a dust silo containing dust.

3. The tunnel ventilation and dust removal test device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A dust flow sensor is installed at the end of the dust conveying pipe.

4. The tunnel ventilation and dust removal test device according to claim 1, characterized in that... The ventilation and dust removal assembly also includes a spray pipe installed in the test chamber, with multiple nozzles on the spray pipe for spraying and dust removal in the test chamber.

5. The tunnel ventilation and dust removal test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device includes a cylindrical body, and a partition is arranged inside the cylindrical body to divide the cylindrical body into the test chamber and the stirring chamber. The partition can be adjusted in installation position.

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