A taper ball end mill and a design method of chip dividing grooves thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a taper ball end mill and a design method of a chip dividing groove of the taper ball end mill. The taper ball end mill comprises a bottom blade, a peripheral blade and a shank. The peripheral blade comprises a chip pocket, a first flank, a second flank and the chip dividing groove. The intersection of the chip pocket and the first flank forms a cutting edge. The chip dividing groove is located on the first flank and the second flank. The axial symmetry line of the chip dividing groove is perpendicular to the direction of the tool center line. The width of the chip dividing groove continuously increases from the first flank to the second flank along the axial symmetry line of the chip dividing groove. In the plane perpendicular to the first flank, the depth of the chip dividing groove is constant. The orthogonal analysis method and the single factor analysis method are used to determine the optimal size and tolerance of the chip dividing groove. The width of the chip dividing groove continuously increases from the cutting edge along the direction perpendicular to the cutting edge, thereby avoiding the interference between the rear end and the front end of the chip dividing groove and the tool vibration caused by the interference.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of end mill technology, and in particular to a tapered ball end mill and its chip-breaking groove design method. Background Technology

[0002] Tapered ball end mills are widely used in the machining of critical components such as impellers, impellers, and casings in the aerospace industry. With significant national investment in the aerospace sector, the market demand for tapered ball end mills is growing rapidly. For parts requiring large depths of cut, chip grooves are designed on the tapered ball end mill to reduce cutting forces and enhance chip removal. However, for difficult-to-machine materials such as titanium alloys, high-temperature alloys, and high-strength steel, conventional tapered ball end mills with chip grooves have the following problems:

[0003] 1. Since tapered ball ends are widely used in contour milling of curved surfaces, and because of their tapered shape, the tool diameter increases continuously from the bottom edge along the axial direction. Conventional chip flute designs may cause the rear end of the chip flute to interfere with the front end, causing the tool to vibrate and reducing the surface quality of the workpiece.

[0004] 2. The chip flute design of conventional tapered ball end mills is intended to reduce cutting forces and enhance chip removal capabilities. Its shape design directly affects the heat dissipation conditions and strength of the tool. Currently, there is still a lack of chip flute design methods that are tool function-oriented. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to propose a design method for a tapered ball end mill and its chip flute. This method overcomes the shortcomings of existing tapered ball end mill chip flute design methods. On the one hand, the chip flute width of the tapered ball end mill is set to increase continuously from the cutting edge along the direction perpendicular to the cutting edge, avoiding interference between the rear end of the chip flute and the front end, which would cause tool vibration. On the other hand, orthogonal analysis is used to obtain the optimal matching of the chip flute structural parameters. Based on the optimal matching result of the chip flute structural parameters, a single-factor analysis method is used to obtain the tolerance of the chip flute structural parameters, making the chip flute more significantly improve tool performance and increase the production efficiency of the ball end mill.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] On one hand, a tapered ball end mill includes a bottom cutting edge, a peripheral cutting edge, and a shank. The peripheral cutting edge includes a chip groove, a first flank face, a second flank face, and a chip-breaking groove. The intersection of the chip groove and the first flank face forms a cutting edge. The chip-breaking groove is located on the first flank face and the second flank face. The axis of symmetry of the chip-breaking groove is perpendicular to the tool centerline, and the width of the chip-breaking groove increases continuously from the first flank face to the second flank face along the axis of symmetry. In a plane perpendicular to the first flank face, the depth of the chip-breaking groove remains constant.

[0008] Preferably, the chip-breaking groove adopts the following design method:

[0009] The optimal matching of the chip groove structural parameters was obtained by using orthogonal analysis and finite element simulation.

[0010] Based on the optimal matching results of the chip groove structural parameters, the tolerances of the chip groove structural parameters are obtained by using single-factor analysis and finite element simulation.

[0011] Preferably, the optimal matching of the chip groove structural parameters is obtained by using orthogonal analysis and finite element simulation, specifically including:

[0012] Based on the number of structural parameters of the chip separator and the correlation between the parameters, an orthogonal design table is used to determine the test scheme.

[0013] The finite element method was used to select the part of a complete chip groove with the smallest core diameter / cutting edge diameter value as the simulation model. Milling simulation was carried out according to the determined test plan, and the cutting edge stress was used as the judgment criterion.

[0014] Based on orthogonal experimental range analysis, the influence of chip groove structural parameters on cutting edge stress is determined, the most significant influencing structural parameters are identified, and the optimal matching result of chip groove structural parameters is obtained based on the structural parameter-stress curve.

[0015] Preferably, the chip-breaking groove structural parameters include: front end width W min Backend width W max The length L and depth H, and the rear width W max Greater than the front width W min .

[0016] Preferably, the orthogonal analysis method employs a four-factor, three-level orthogonal design table, wherein the four factors include the front-end width W. min Backend width W max Length L and depth H.

[0017] Preferably, the front width W min Backend width W max The ranges for length L and depth H are as follows: 0.05mm ≤ W min ≤0.2mm, 0.1mm≤W max ≤0.5mm; 0.03D≤L≤0.2D, where D represents the bottom cutting edge diameter of the taper ball end mill; 0.2mm≤H≤1mm.

[0018] Preferably, based on the optimal matching results of the chip groove structural parameters, the tolerances of the chip groove structural parameters are obtained using single-factor analysis and finite element simulation methods, including:

[0019] Based on the optimal matching results of the chip groove structure parameters, a single-factor analysis method was used, with three parameters set to constant values ​​and the other parameter taking five values ​​with equal tolerances, to perform finite element simulation and verify the parameter stress variation.

[0020] Using the median of the five values ​​and the maximum value of the cutting edge stress as a benchmark, the acceptable range of stress variation is determined, and the parameter value within the stress variation range is ultimately taken as the tolerance of that parameter.

[0021] On the other hand, a design method for the chip-breaking groove of a tapered ball end mill includes:

[0022] The optimal matching of the chip groove structural parameters was obtained by using orthogonal analysis and finite element simulation.

[0023] Based on the optimal matching results of the chip groove structural parameters, the tolerances of the chip groove structural parameters are obtained by using single-factor analysis and finite element simulation.

[0024] Preferably, the optimal matching of the chip groove structural parameters is obtained by using orthogonal analysis and finite element simulation, specifically including:

[0025] Based on the number of structural parameters of the chip separator and the correlation between the parameters, an orthogonal design table is used to determine the test scheme.

[0026] The finite element method was used to select the part of a complete chip groove with the smallest core diameter / cutting edge diameter value as the simulation model. Milling simulation was carried out according to the determined test plan, and the cutting edge stress was used as the judgment criterion.

[0027] Based on orthogonal experimental range analysis, the influence of chip groove structural parameters on cutting edge stress is determined, the most significant influencing structural parameters are identified, and the optimal matching result of chip groove structural parameters is obtained based on the structural parameter-stress curve.

[0028] Preferably, based on the optimal matching results of the chip groove structural parameters, the tolerances of the chip groove structural parameters are obtained using single-factor analysis and finite element simulation methods, including:

[0029] Based on the optimal matching results of the chip groove structure parameters, a single-factor analysis method was used, with three parameters set to constant values ​​and the other parameter taking five values ​​with equal tolerances, to perform finite element simulation and verify the parameter stress variation.

[0030] Using the median of the five values ​​and the maximum value of the cutting edge stress as a benchmark, the acceptable range of stress variation is determined, and the parameter value within the stress variation range is ultimately taken as the tolerance of that parameter.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0032] (1) The width of the chip groove of the tapered ball end mill of the present invention increases continuously from the cutting edge along the direction perpendicular to the cutting edge, so as to avoid the rear end of the chip groove from interfering with the front end and causing tool vibration;

[0033] (2) The chip groove design of the present invention uses tool strength as the criterion, adopts orthogonal analysis method, and uses simulation analysis to obtain the optimal matching parameters of front end width, rear end width, length and depth of chip groove, so that the chip groove can significantly improve tool performance.

[0034] (3) The chip groove design of the present invention uses tool strength as the criterion, adopts single-factor analysis method, and uses simulation analysis to obtain the machining tolerance range of front end width, rear end width, length and depth of chip groove respectively. While ensuring the stable performance of ball end mill tool, it will not have excessive precision, thereby improving the production efficiency of ball end mill and reducing cost.

[0035] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are listed below.

[0036] The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tapered ball end mill according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the peripheral cutting edge of the tapered ball end mill according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flank face and chip groove of a tapered ball end mill according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the common tangential surface structure of the chip-breaking groove according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first flank face of the chip-breaking groove according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic CC cross-sectional view of the chip-dispensing groove according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the design method of the chip groove for a tapered ball end mill according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the cutting diameter and core diameter of the tapered ball end mill according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 9 This is a simulation diagram of a tapered ball end mill according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 10 This is a simulation diagram of the cutting stress of a tapered ball end mill according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 11 The front end width W of the chip-dispersing groove in this embodiment of the invention min Curve showing the relationship between stress variation;

[0048] Figure 12 The rear end width W of the chip-breaking groove in this embodiment of the invention max Curve showing the relationship between stress variation;

[0049] Figure 13 This is a graph showing the relationship between the length L of the chip-breaking groove and stress variation in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 14 This is a graph showing the relationship between the depth H of the chip-breaking groove and stress variation in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 15 This is a graph showing the maximum stress variation of the cutting edge in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0054] See Figures 1 to 4As shown, a tapered ball end mill includes a bottom cutting edge 1, a peripheral cutting edge 2, and a shank 3. The peripheral cutting edge 2 includes a chip groove 4, a first flank face 5, a second flank face 6, and a chip-breaking groove 8. The intersection of the chip groove 4 and the first flank face 5 forms a cutting edge 7. The chip-breaking groove 8 is located on the first flank face 5 and the second flank face 6. The axis of symmetry of the chip-breaking groove 8 is perpendicular to the direction of the tool centerline. The width of the chip-breaking groove 8 increases continuously along the axis of symmetry from the first flank face 5 to the second flank face 6. In a plane perpendicular to the first flank face 5, the depth of the chip-breaking groove 8 remains constant.

[0055] For details, see Figure 2 As shown, the structural parameters of the chip groove 8 are based on the projection of the common tangent plane of the first flank face 5 of the front and rear sections of the chip groove 8, and the axisymmetry line of the chip groove 8 is perpendicular to the tool centerline AA. During machining, when the cutting edge 7 wears, the width of the front end of the chip groove 8 will increase. If a conventional fixed groove width design for the chip groove 8 is adopted, there is a risk that the rear end of the chip groove 8 will interfere with the machining allowance, causing the tool to vibrate, reducing tool life, and reducing the surface quality of the machined surface.

[0056] Therefore, the width of the chip separator 8 is designed to be variable, with automatic compensation functionality. (See also...) Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the width W of the chip-breaking groove 8 increases continuously from the cutting edge along the axis of symmetry BB from the first flank face 5 to the second flank face 6. Let the front end width be Wmin, the rear end width be Wmax, and the length of the chip-breaking groove 8 be L. In the plane perpendicular to the first flank face 5, the depth of the chip-breaking groove 8 is H, and the depth within the groove remains constant. Where F1 is the projected width of the first flank face 5, and F2 is the projected width of the second flank face 6.

[0057] See Figure 7 As shown, furthermore, in order to make the chip divider groove more significantly improve tool performance, and to ensure the stable performance of the ball end mill while improving the production efficiency and reducing the cost of the ball end mill, the chip divider groove adopts the following design method:

[0058] S701 uses orthogonal analysis and finite element simulation to obtain the optimal matching of chip groove structural parameters;

[0059] S702, based on the optimal matching results of the chip groove structural parameters, the tolerances of the chip groove structural parameters are obtained by using single-factor analysis and finite element simulation.

[0060] Specifically, the optimal matching of chip groove structural parameters is obtained using orthogonal analysis and finite element simulation, including:

[0061] Based on the number of structural parameters of the chip separator and the correlation between the parameters, an orthogonal design table is used to determine the test scheme.

[0062] The finite element method was used to select the part of a complete chip groove with the smallest core diameter / cutting edge diameter value as the simulation model. Milling simulation was carried out according to the determined test plan, and the cutting edge stress was used as the judgment criterion.

[0063] Based on orthogonal experimental range analysis, the influence of chip groove structural parameters on cutting edge stress is determined, the most significant influencing structural parameters are identified, and the optimal matching result of chip groove structural parameters is obtained based on the structural parameter-stress curve.

[0064] In this embodiment, to obtain the optimal match of the chip groove's structural parameters, orthogonal analysis is used to analyze the impact of changes in tool parameters on tool life. The structural parameters of the chip groove described in this embodiment include the front end width W. min Backend width W max The four parameters are length L and depth H, and they are independent variables. Therefore, a four-factor, three-level orthogonal design table is adopted.

[0065] Based on actual production needs, the front end width W is pre-defined. min Backend width W max The ranges for length L and depth H are set as follows:

[0066] (1) 0.05mm≤W min ≤0.2mm, W min When the chip width is <0.05mm, the chip breaking groove width is too small, reducing the chip breaking effect and easily causing chip clogging; W min When the width is greater than 0.2mm, the chip flute width is too large, which reduces the strength of the tool and makes the tool prone to vibration.

[0067] (2) 0.1mm≤W max ≤0.5mm, W max When the chip width is <0.1mm, the chip breaking groove width is too small, reducing the chip breaking effect and easily causing chip clogging; W max When the width is greater than 0.5mm, the chip flute width is too large, which reduces the strength of the tool and makes the tool prone to vibration.

[0068] (3) When 0.03D≤L≤0.2D and L<0.03D, the first or second flank face is prone to interference with the machining allowance generated by the chip flute; since L will not be greater than the width of the second flank face, when L>0.2D, the width of the second flank face of the tool is too large, and the second flank face is prone to interference, while reducing the tool's chip flute capacity and making chip removal difficult; see Figure 8 As shown, D is the bottom cutting edge diameter of the tapered ball end mill;

[0069] (4) 0.2mm≤H≤1mm, because the depth of the chip groove needs to be greater than the maximum feed per tooth of the tool. When H<0.2mm, the maximum feed per tooth of the tool is too small, which reduces the tool's machining efficiency. When H>1mm, the tool strength is too low, which easily causes vibration and reduces the tool's life.

[0070] Based on the aforementioned range of structural parameters, this embodiment uses a cemented carbide D10 tapered ball end mill as an example to generate an orthogonal design table, as shown in Table 1. A side-milling test is simulated using finite element method (FEM) simulation, with cutting edge stress as the criterion; the lower the stress, the higher the tool strength.

[0071] Table 1 Orthogonal Design Table of Chip Distributor Structure Parameters

[0072] Test number <![CDATA[W min ]]> <![CDATA[W max ]]> L H 1 0.05 0.1 0.3 0.2 2 0.05 0.3 1.15 0.6 3 0.05 0.5 2 1 4 0.125 0.1 1.15 1 5 0.125 0.3 2 0.2 6 0.125 0.5 0.3 0.6 7 0.2 0.1 2 0.6 8 0.2 0.3 0.3 1 9 0.2 0.5 1.15 0.2

[0073] Because tapered ball end mills have a taper angle α, both the cutting edge diameter and the core diameter are not constant values; therefore, the core diameter / cutting edge diameter ratio is constantly changing. (See also...) Figure 9 As shown, in order to reduce the amount of simulation calculation, the part with the smallest core diameter / cutting diameter value is selected, while having a complete chip-breaking groove structure.

[0074] See Figure 10 As shown, the model is used for simulation. Based on the change of cutting edge stress, the ranking of the significance of structural parameters to tool strength is obtained, and the optimal matching scheme of chip groove structural parameters is obtained based on the tool stress value.

[0075] The parameters and stress curves are as follows: Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown.

[0076] Depend on Figures 11 to 14 It can be seen that W max The most significant impact on tool stress is that of the chip flute design, which is also the most important structural parameter. Tool stress increases with W. max The increase gradually becomes larger, but W max ≥W min W min A chip depth greater than 0.125 mm has a relatively small impact on tool stress. However, tool stress also gradually increases with increasing L, reaching its minimum at H = 0.6 mm. Therefore, the optimal chip flute parameter for a carbide D10 tapered ball end mill is W. min =0.125mm, W max =0.3mm, L=0.3mm, H=0.6mm.

[0077] Furthermore, based on the optimal matching results of the chip groove structural parameters, the tolerances of the chip groove structural parameters are obtained using single-factor analysis and finite element simulation, including:

[0078] Based on the optimal matching results of the chip groove structure parameters, a single-factor analysis method was used, with three parameters set to constant values ​​and the other parameter taking five values ​​with equal tolerances, to perform finite element simulation and verify the parameter stress variation.

[0079] Using the median of the five values ​​and the maximum value of the cutting edge stress as a benchmark, the acceptable range of stress variation is determined, and the parameter value within the stress variation range is ultimately taken as the tolerance of that parameter.

[0080] Based on the optimal matching results of the chip flute parameters of the D10 carbide taper ball end mill, in order to obtain the front end width W min Backend width W max The tolerances of the length L and depth H parameters were determined using a single-factor analysis method. Three parameters were set to constant values, while the third parameter was assigned one of five values ​​with equal tolerances. Finite element simulations were then performed to verify the stress variation of the parameters. The median value of the parameter values ​​and the maximum value of the cutting edge stress were used as a benchmark to determine the acceptable stress variation range. Finally, the parameter values ​​within the stress variation range were taken as the tolerance of that parameter.

[0081] Specifically, this embodiment uses W max For example, based on the analysis above, W max It must not be less than 0.125mm, and W max The cutting edge stress of the tool increases significantly after the value is greater than 0.3 mm. Therefore, the parameter values ​​are selected as shown in Table 2.

[0082] Table 2W max Tolerance Single-Factor Test Parameter Values

[0083]

[0084] With W max The tolerance range is defined as ±0.2% of the cutting edge stress value when the diameter is 0.25mm. The experimental simulation shows the maximum stress variation at the cutting edge of the tool as follows: Figure 15 As shown.

[0085] Depend on Figure 15 It can be seen that when W max When W is <0.15mm, the stress value will not be less than 210MPa. max When the thickness is greater than 0.3 mm, the stress value will be greater than 210.84 MPa. Therefore, W max The value ranges from 0.13mm to 0.3mm.

[0086] This embodiment only uses the backend width W max For example, the acceptable range of stress variation is determined, and the parameter values ​​within this range are ultimately used as the back-end width W. max Tolerances. For other structural parameters, front end width W. minThe tolerances for length L and depth H can be obtained using the single-factor analysis method and finite element simulation method described above, and will not be explained in detail in this embodiment.

[0087] The chip-breaking groove design of this invention uses tool strength as the criterion, employs orthogonal analysis, and utilizes simulation analysis to obtain the optimal matching parameters for the front width, rear width, length, and depth of the chip-breaking groove, making the chip-breaking groove more significantly improve tool performance. Furthermore, using single-factor analysis and simulation analysis, the machining tolerance ranges for the front width, rear width, length, and depth of the chip-breaking groove are obtained respectively. This ensures the stable performance of the ball end mill without excessive precision, thereby improving the production efficiency of the ball end mill and reducing costs.

[0088] See Figure 7 As shown, according to another aspect of the present invention, a method for designing a chip flute for a tapered ball end mill includes:

[0089] S701 uses orthogonal analysis and finite element simulation to obtain the optimal matching of chip groove structural parameters;

[0090] S702, based on the optimal matching results of the chip groove structural parameters, the tolerances of the chip groove structural parameters are obtained by using single-factor analysis and finite element simulation.

[0091] Specifically, the optimal matching of chip groove structural parameters is obtained using orthogonal analysis and finite element simulation, including:

[0092] Based on the number of structural parameters of the chip separator and the correlation between the parameters, an orthogonal design table is used to determine the test scheme.

[0093] The finite element method was used to select the part of a complete chip groove with the smallest core diameter / cutting edge diameter value as the simulation model. Milling simulation was carried out according to the determined test plan, and the cutting edge stress was used as the judgment criterion.

[0094] Based on orthogonal experimental range analysis, the influence of chip groove structural parameters on cutting edge stress is determined, the most significant influencing structural parameters are identified, and the optimal matching result of chip groove structural parameters is obtained based on the structural parameter-stress curve.

[0095] Specifically, based on the optimal matching results of the chip groove structural parameters, the tolerances of the chip groove structural parameters are obtained using single-factor analysis and finite element simulation, including:

[0096] Based on the optimal matching results of the chip groove structure parameters, a single-factor analysis method was used, with three parameters set to constant values ​​and the other parameter taking five values ​​with equal tolerances, to perform finite element simulation and verify the parameter stress variation.

[0097] Using the median of the five values ​​and the maximum value of the cutting edge stress as a benchmark, the acceptable range of stress variation is determined, and the parameter value within the stress variation range is ultimately taken as the tolerance of that parameter.

[0098] For a detailed implementation of the chip-breaking groove design method for a tapered ball end mill, please refer to the description of a tapered ball end mill; this embodiment will not repeat the description.

[0099] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention; however, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and its improved concepts, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tapered ball end mill, comprising a bottom cutting edge, a peripheral cutting edge, and a shank; the peripheral cutting edge comprising a chip groove, a first flank face, a second flank face, and a chip-breaking groove; the intersection of the chip groove and the first flank face constitutes a cutting edge; characterized in that, The chip-breaking groove is located on the first flank face and the second flank face; the axis of symmetry of the chip-breaking groove is perpendicular to the direction of the tool centerline, and the width of the chip-breaking groove increases continuously from the first flank face to the second flank face along the axis of symmetry of the chip-breaking groove. In the plane perpendicular to the first flank face, the depth of the chip-breaking groove remains unchanged.

2. The tapered ball end mill according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chip-dispersing groove adopts the following design method: The optimal matching of the chip groove structural parameters was obtained by using orthogonal analysis and finite element simulation. Based on the optimal matching results of the chip groove structural parameters, the tolerances of the chip groove structural parameters are obtained by using single-factor analysis and finite element simulation.

3. The tapered ball end mill according to claim 2, characterized in that, The optimal matching of chip groove structural parameters is obtained using orthogonal analysis and finite element simulation, specifically including: Based on the number of structural parameters of the chip separator and the correlation between the parameters, an orthogonal design table is used to determine the test scheme. The finite element method was used to select the part of a complete chip groove with the smallest core diameter / cutting edge diameter value as the simulation model. Milling simulation was carried out according to the determined test plan, and the cutting edge stress was used as the judgment criterion. Based on orthogonal experimental range analysis, the influence of chip groove structural parameters on cutting edge stress is determined, the most significant influencing structural parameters are identified, and the optimal matching result of chip groove structural parameters is obtained based on the structural parameter-stress curve.

4. The tapered ball end mill according to claim 2, characterized in that, The chip-dispensing groove structural parameters include: front end width W min Backend width W max The length L and depth H, and the rear width W max Greater than the front width W min .

5. The tapered ball end mill according to claim 4, characterized in that, The orthogonal analysis method employs a four-factor, three-level orthogonal design table. The four factors include the front-end width W. min Backend width W max Length L and depth H.

6. The tapered ball end mill according to claim 4, characterized in that, Front width W min Backend width W max The ranges for length L and depth H are as follows: 0.05mm ≤ W min ≤0.2mm, 0.1mm≤W max ≤0.5mm; 0.03D≤L≤0.2D, where D represents the bottom cutting edge diameter of the taper ball end mill; 0.2mm≤H≤1mm.

7. The tapered ball end mill according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the optimal matching results of the chip groove structural parameters, the tolerances of the chip groove structural parameters are obtained using single-factor analysis and finite element simulation, including: Based on the optimal matching results of the chip groove structure parameters, a single-factor analysis method was used, with three parameters set to constant values ​​and the other parameter taking five values ​​with equal tolerances, to perform finite element simulation and verify the parameter stress variation. Using the median of the five values ​​and the maximum value of the cutting edge stress as a benchmark, the acceptable range of stress variation is determined, and the parameter value within the stress variation range is ultimately taken as the tolerance of that parameter.

8. A method for designing chip flutes on a tapered ball end mill, characterized in that, The method, based on the tapered ball end mill as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, includes: The optimal matching of the chip groove structural parameters was obtained by using orthogonal analysis and finite element simulation. Based on the optimal matching results of the chip groove structural parameters, the tolerances of the chip groove structural parameters are obtained by using single-factor analysis and finite element simulation.

9. The design method for the chip-breaking groove of a tapered ball end mill according to claim 8, characterized in that, The optimal matching of chip groove structural parameters is obtained using orthogonal analysis and finite element simulation, specifically including: Based on the number of structural parameters of the chip separator and the correlation between the parameters, an orthogonal design table is used to determine the test scheme. The finite element method was used to select the part of a complete chip groove with the smallest core diameter / cutting edge diameter value as the simulation model. Milling simulation was carried out according to the determined test plan, and the cutting edge stress was used as the judgment criterion. Based on orthogonal experimental range analysis, the influence of chip groove structural parameters on cutting edge stress is determined, the most significant influencing structural parameters are identified, and the optimal matching result of chip groove structural parameters is obtained based on the structural parameter-stress curve.

10. The design method for the chip-breaking groove of a tapered ball end mill according to claim 8, characterized in that, Based on the optimal matching results of the chip groove structural parameters, the tolerances of the chip groove structural parameters are obtained using single-factor analysis and finite element simulation, including: Based on the optimal matching results of the chip groove structure parameters, a single-factor analysis method was used, with three parameters set to constant values ​​and the other parameter taking five values ​​with equal tolerances, to perform finite element simulation and verify the parameter stress variation. Using the median of the five values ​​and the maximum value of the cutting edge stress as a benchmark, the acceptable range of stress variation is determined, and the parameter value within the stress variation range is ultimately taken as the tolerance of that parameter.

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