Atmospheric aerosol inversion method, device and electronic equipment

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of remote sensing, and provides an atmospheric aerosol inversion method, device and electronic equipment, the atmospheric aerosol inversion method comprising: establishing a forward model of aerosol composition-microphysics-optics; based on satellite observation values and satellite simulation values of the forward model, solving by an optimization inversion method, and obtaining atmospheric aerosol composition by inversion; wherein, the construction method of the aerosol composition mixing model in the forward model comprises: simulating the hygroscopic process of mixed solution in atmospheric aerosol; and calculating the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system in atmospheric aerosol.The present application is used to solve the defect that the existing method in the prior art cannot invert the hygroscopic and non-hygroscopic components in water-soluble components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of remote sensing technology, and in particular to an atmospheric aerosol inversion method, apparatus, and electronic equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Atmospheric aerosols not only influence climate change but also pose serious threats to human health. However, the radiative forcing effects produced by different components vary, as do the degrees of harm to humans. Therefore, monitoring the composition of atmospheric aerosols is a necessary means for climate change assessment and precise atmospheric environmental governance.

[0003] Currently, the most advanced technology published in this field is the GRASP (Generalized Retrieval of Aerosol and Surface Properties) algorithm for multi-source data from the POLDER / PARASOL (Polarization and Directionality of the Earth's Reflectance) satellite developed by a team from the University of Lille, France. The chemical module of this algorithm is a port of the ground-based remote sensing algorithm and can effectively invert the light-absorbing components of aerosols (Li et al. 2019).

[0004] Atmospheric aerosol particles contain not only highly hygroscopic inorganic salts but also less hygroscopic organic compounds, both of which are soluble in water. The difference lies in that inorganic salts induce hygroscopic processes in aerosol particles, promoting particle size increase. Accurate calculation of this process requires considering the combined effects of inorganic salts and organic compounds in aqueous solutions. However, Li et al.'s algorithm simplifies this process by using only the hygroscopic effect of a single ammonium nitrate component measured in the laboratory. It not only fails to consider the role of water-soluble organic compounds in hygroscopic growth but also overestimates the contributions of inorganic salts and water to the overall hygroscopic growth of the aerosol. This approach not only prevents Li et al.'s algorithm from estimating the organic component but also results in significant biases in their estimated inorganic salt composition. In other words, current methods cannot invert the hygroscopic and non-hygroscopic components within the water-soluble components, and satellite remote sensing inverts an insufficient variety of aerosol components. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an atmospheric aerosol inversion method, apparatus, and electronic device to overcome the shortcomings of existing methods in the prior art, which cannot invert hygroscopic and non-hygroscopic components in water-soluble components.

[0006] This invention provides an atmospheric aerosol inversion method, comprising:

[0007] Establish a forward model of aerosol composition-microphysics-optics;

[0008] Based on satellite observations and satellite simulations from the aforementioned forward model, the atmospheric aerosol composition is obtained by solving the problem using an optimization inversion method.

[0009] The method for constructing the aerosol component mixing model in the forward model includes:

[0010] Simulate the hygroscopic process of a mixed solution in atmospheric aerosols;

[0011] Calculate the complex refractive index of a multi-component solution system in atmospheric aerosols.

[0012] According to the atmospheric aerosol inversion method provided by the present invention, the simulated hygroscopic process of the mixed solution in the atmospheric aerosol includes:

[0013] Based on the Kappa-Corrall principle and ambient relative humidity, the relationship between solute volume, solution volume, hygroscopic parameters, and ambient relative humidity was obtained.

[0014] According to the atmospheric aerosol inversion method provided by the present invention, the relationship between the solute volume, solution volume, hygroscopic parameter, and ambient relative humidity is expressed by the following formula:

[0015]

[0016]

[0017] Among them, f i V is the volume ratio of the water-soluble component of the i-th aerosol to the volume of the solution. i V is the volume of the i-th water-soluble component. s V is the volume of the solute. w Let be the volume of water, κ be the hygroscopic parameter of the mixture, and RH be the ambient relative humidity.

[0018] According to the atmospheric aerosol inversion method provided by the present invention, the calculation of the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system in atmospheric aerosols includes:

[0019] Calculate the molar refractive index of the mixed components at wavelength λ in atmospheric aerosols;

[0020] Based on the molar refractive index of the mixed components and the imaginary part of the complex refractive index of the single component, the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system at wavelength λ is calculated.

[0021] According to the atmospheric aerosol inversion method provided by the present invention, the molar refractive index of the mixed components at wavelength λ in the atmospheric aerosol is calculated by the following formula:

[0022]

[0023]

[0024] Among them, A e (λ) represents the molar refractive index of the mixed component at wavelength λ; A i (λ) is the molar refractive index of the i-th component in the mixture; n i (λ) represents the real part of the complex refractive index of a single component; f i It is the volume ratio of the water-soluble component of the i-th aerosol to the volume of the solution;

[0025] The complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system at wavelength λ is calculated using the following formula, based on the imaginary part of the molar refractive index of the mixed components and the complex refractive index of the single component:

[0026]

[0027]

[0028] n e (λ) represents the real part of the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system at wavelength λ; k e (λ) represents the imaginary part of the complex refractive index of a multi-component solution system at wavelength λ; A e (λ) represents the molar refractive index of the mixed component at wavelength λ; f i It is the volume ratio of the water-soluble component of the i-th aerosol to the volume of the solution; k i (λ) represents the imaginary part of the complex refractive index of a single component.

[0029] According to the atmospheric aerosol inversion method provided by the present invention, the method for constructing the aerosol component mixing model in the forward model further includes:

[0030] Based on the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system at wavelength λ, the complex refractive index of the aerosol is calculated according to the principle of equivalent medium.

[0031] The present invention also provides an atmospheric aerosol inversion device, comprising:

[0032] The forward model building module is used to build a forward model of aerosol composition-microphysics-optics;

[0033] The inversion module is used to solve for atmospheric aerosol composition by using an optimization inversion method based on satellite observations and satellite simulations of the forward model.

[0034] The construction module of the aerosol component mixing model in the forward model includes:

[0035] The simulation module is used to simulate the hygroscopic process of mixed solutions in atmospheric aerosols;

[0036] The calculation module is used to calculate the complex refractive index of a multi-component solution system in atmospheric aerosols.

[0037] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the atmospheric aerosol inversion method as described above.

[0038] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the atmospheric aerosol inversion method as described above.

[0039] The present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the atmospheric aerosol inversion method as described above.

[0040] The atmospheric aerosol inversion method, apparatus, and electronic equipment provided by this invention, during the forward model construction process, constructs an aerosol component mixing model based on simulating the hygroscopic process of mixed solutions in atmospheric aerosols and calculating the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system in atmospheric aerosols. Then, based on satellite observations and satellite simulations of the forward model, an optimization inversion method is used to solve for the atmospheric aerosol components, thereby achieving inversion of atmospheric aerosol components based on satellite remote sensing. This also makes it possible to invert hygroscopic and non-hygroscopic components within water-soluble components. The embodiments of this invention further improve the types of remotely senseable aerosol components, more closely approximating the types of aerosol components in the real atmosphere. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 This is one of the flowcharts of the atmospheric aerosol inversion method provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the atmospheric aerosol inversion method provided by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the concentration of black carbon components in aerosols, representing the inversion results of this invention;

[0045] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the concentration of brown carbon components in aerosols, representing the inversion results of this invention;

[0046] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the concentration of fine-mode water-soluble organic components in aerosols, representing the inversion results of this invention;

[0047] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the concentration of fine-mode non-water-soluble organic components in aerosols, representing the inversion results of this invention;

[0048] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the concentration of fine-mode water components in aerosols, representing the inversion results of this invention;

[0049] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the concentration of inorganic salt components in aerosols, representing the inversion results of this invention;

[0050] Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing the concentration of dust components in aerosols, representing the inversion results of this invention;

[0051] Figure 10 A schematic diagram showing the concentration of sea salt components in aerosols, representing the inversion results of this invention;

[0052] Figure 11 A schematic diagram showing the concentration of coarse-mode organic components in aerosols, representing the inversion results of this invention;

[0053] Figure 12 A schematic diagram showing the concentration of coarse-mode water components in aerosols, representing the inversion results of this invention;

[0054] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the atmospheric aerosol inversion device provided by the present invention;

[0055] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0056] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0057] The following explains some of the technical terms that appear in this application.

[0058] Atmospheric aerosols refer to a stable mixed system composed of solid and liquid particles uniformly dispersed in the atmosphere, and the particles in the system are collectively referred to as aerosol particles.

[0059] Aerosol composition: Aerosols are composed of different chemical components, mainly including black carbon and brown carbon (produced by the combustion of fossil fuels), inorganic salts (produced by photochemical reactions of polluting gases such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide), dust, sea salt, and organic components (emitted by photochemical reactions or by plants, microorganisms, etc.).

[0060] Light-absorbing components: Aerosol components that can absorb light radiation, such as black carbon, brown carbon, and dust components also have a certain degree of light absorption.

[0061] Non-absorbing / scattering components: These components only scatter light and have no absorption characteristics.

[0062] Water-soluble components: These refer to aerosol components that are soluble in water. Aerosol components are diverse, especially organic compounds, which are more complex. Some organic compounds are water-soluble, while others are insoluble in water but soluble in other solvents. Inorganic salts are primarily water-soluble aerosol components. It is worth noting that water-soluble components are not necessarily hygroscopic; for example, alcohol.

[0063] Hygroscopic growth: There is a type of component in atmospheric aerosols that can absorb moisture (similar to the deliquescence of table salt). After absorbing moisture, they become a mixed solution, which promotes the growth of aerosol particles. This process is called hygroscopic growth.

[0064] Complex refractive index: A physical parameter determined by the inherent properties of aerosol components and related to the incident wavelength. The complex refractive index of a single component can be obtained by laboratory measurement, while the complex refractive index of a mixture can be calculated based on the volume ratio of the mixture using certain physical laws.

[0065] Multicomponent mixed solutions (or multicomponent solution systems): Solution systems in which multiple solutes exist in a single solvent, such as solutions formed by the simultaneous dissolution of sodium chloride and potassium chloride in water. In such systems, the hygroscopicity of each component varies depending on its volume ratio, and the complex refractive index of a multicomponent solution system cannot be calculated using a simple volume-weighted average algorithm.

[0066] The following is combined Figure 1-2 The atmospheric aerosol inversion method of the present invention is described. Please refer to... Figure 1 The atmospheric aerosol inversion method of this invention includes:

[0067] Step 100: Establish a forward model of aerosol composition-microphysics-optics.

[0068] Electronic devices establish a forward model of aerosol composition, microphysics, and optics.

[0069] Specifically, the steps for establishing a forward model of an electronic device include:

[0070] Step 101: Establish an aerosol component mixing model and solve for the microphysical parameters of the mixed aerosols;

[0071] Step 102: Based on the microphysical parameters of the mixed aerosols, calculate the optical parameters of the aerosols using Mie theory;

[0072] Step 103: Based on the aerosol optical parameters, further calculate the atmospheric radiative transfer process to obtain the satellite simulation values ​​of the forward model.

[0073] Among them, the microphysical parameters of mixed aerosols include the complex refractive index of atmospheric aerosols.

[0074] Step 200: Based on satellite observations and satellite simulations from the forward model, the atmospheric aerosol composition is obtained by solving the problem using an optimization inversion method.

[0075] The electronic device uses satellite observations and satellite simulations from the forward model to solve for atmospheric aerosol composition through an optimization inversion method. In this embodiment of the invention, an optimal solution is obtained by establishing a forward model and iteratively calculating its gradient, thereby inverting the atmospheric aerosol composition.

[0076] Specifically, in step 200, based on satellite observations and satellite simulations from the forward model, an optimization inversion method is used to obtain the atmospheric aerosol composition, including:

[0077] Step 210: Design a cost function to obtain the minimum value between satellite observations and satellite simulation values ​​from the forward model;

[0078] Step 220: Use the quasi-Newton method, conjugate gradient method, etc. to find the steepest descent direction of the forward model;

[0079] Step 230: Repeat the process of calculating the cost function in step 210 until it converges to obtain the atmospheric aerosol composition.

[0080] The method for constructing the aerosol component mixing model in the forward model described in this embodiment of the invention includes:

[0081] Step 110: Simulate the hygroscopic process of the mixed solution in atmospheric aerosols;

[0082] Step 120: Calculate the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system in atmospheric aerosols.

[0083] Existing methods not only fail to consider the role of water-soluble organic matter in hygroscopic growth, but also overestimate the contributions of inorganic salts and water to hygroscopic growth in the overall aerosol. This approach not only prevents Li et al.'s algorithm from estimating the organic matter composition, but also results in significant deviations in their estimation of the inorganic salt composition.

[0084] This invention, through its embodiments, constructs an aerosol component mixing model during the forward modeling process. This model is based on simulating the hygroscopic process of mixed solutions in atmospheric aerosols and calculating the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system in atmospheric aerosols. Then, based on satellite observations and the satellite simulation values ​​of the forward model, an optimization inversion method is used to solve for the atmospheric aerosol components, thus achieving the inversion of atmospheric aerosol components based on satellite remote sensing. This also makes it possible to invert hygroscopic and non-hygroscopic components within water-soluble components. Furthermore, this invention further refines the types of remotely senseable aerosol components, more closely approximating the types of aerosol components in the real atmosphere.

[0085] Further, step 110, the hygroscopic process of the mixed solution in the simulated atmospheric aerosol, specifically includes:

[0086] Based on the Kappa-Corrall principle and ambient relative humidity, the relationship between solute volume, solution volume, hygroscopic parameters, and ambient relative humidity was obtained.

[0087] Specifically, embodiments of the present invention utilize the method proposed by Petters and Kreidenweis. The Kappa-Coraline principle describes the hygroscopic growth process of aerosols and derives the relationship between the solute volume ratios in multi-component mixed solutions. The Kappa-Coraline principle can be written as:

[0088]

[0089] Among them, V s V is the volume of the solute. w Let be the volume of water, and κ be the hygroscopic parameter of the mixture. Since the curvature effect is lower when the aerosol particle size is small, the water activation degree α in formula (1) is... w It is close to the ambient relative humidity (RH), that is:

[0090]

[0091] Therefore, the volume ratio of the total water-soluble components of the aerosol can be obtained from the ratio of the mixed solute to the solution:

[0092]

[0093] Where f i It is the volume ratio of the water-soluble component of the i-th aerosol to the volume of the solution, i.e.

[0094]

[0095] In formula (4) V i It is the volume of the i-th component.

[0096] For the hygroscopic parameter of the mixed components, in a multi-component solution system in equilibrium, the hygroscopic parameter κ of the mixed components can be obtained by volume weighting of the multiple solutes:

[0097]

[0098] In the formula κ i The hygroscopic parameter of the i-th component can be calculated by laboratory measurement or by observing the hygroscopic growth factor, f dry,i It is the volume percentage of a single solute in the total solute, which can be expressed as:

[0099]

[0100] Based on the above derivation and the Kappa-Coraline principle and the relative humidity of the environment, we obtain the relationship between solute volume, solution volume, hygroscopic parameter and relative humidity of the environment, namely, formulas (7) and (8) as shown in the figure:

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] Among them, f i V is the volume ratio of the water-soluble component of the i-th aerosol to the volume of the solution. i V is the volume of the i-th water-soluble component. s V is the volume of the solute. w Let be the volume of water, κ be the hygroscopic parameter of the mixture, and RH be the ambient relative humidity.

[0104] The relationship between solute volume, solution volume, hygroscopic parameters, and ambient relative humidity is a key part of the forward model in the hygroscopic growth process of aerosols. In this embodiment of the invention, the relationship between solute volume, solution volume, hygroscopic parameters, and ambient relative humidity is used as a constraint condition for obtaining the optimal solution through inversion. When the atmospheric aerosol composition obtained through inversion does not satisfy formulas (7) and (8), it indicates that the inversion result is incorrect. It should be noted that in this embodiment of the invention, the water-soluble components are set to include inorganic salts represented by ammonium nitrate and water-soluble organic matter.

[0105] For further details, please refer to Figure 2 Step 120, the calculation of the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system in atmospheric aerosols includes:

[0106] Step 121: Calculate the molar refractive index of the mixed components at wavelength λ in atmospheric aerosols;

[0107] Step 110 uses an electronic device to obtain the volume ratio of solutes in a multi-component solution system of atmospheric aerosols. However, the complex refractive index of a multi-component solution system cannot be simply calculated using a volume-weighted average. However, according to the Lorentz-Lorentz theory, the molar refractive index can be obtained using a volume-weighted average. Therefore, the electronic device first calculates the molar refractive index of the mixed components at wavelength λ.

[0108] Specifically, the calculation of the molar refractive index of the mixed components at wavelength λ in atmospheric aerosols is achieved using the following formula:

[0109]

[0110]

[0111] Among them, A e (λ) represents the molar refractive index of the mixed component at wavelength λ; A i (λ) is the molar refractive index of the i-th component in the mixture; n i (λ) represents the real part of the complex refractive index of a single component; f i It is the volume ratio of the water-soluble component of the i-th aerosol to the volume of the solution;

[0112] Step 122: Based on the molar refractive index of the mixed components and the imaginary part of the complex refractive index of the single component, calculate the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system at wavelength λ.

[0113] Given the molar refractive index of the mixed components at wavelength λ, the electronic device calculates the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system at wavelength λ based on the molar refractive index of the mixed components and the imaginary part of the complex refractive index of the individual components.

[0114] Specifically, based on the molar refractive index of the mixed components and the imaginary part of the complex refractive index of the single component, the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system at wavelength λ is calculated using the following formula:

[0115]

[0116]

[0117] n e (λ) represents the real part of the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system at wavelength λ; k e (λ) represents the imaginary part of the complex refractive index of a multi-component solution system at wavelength λ; A e (λ) represents the molar refractive index of the mixed component at wavelength λ; f i It is the volume ratio of the water-soluble component of the i-th aerosol to the volume of the solution; k i (λ) represents the imaginary part of the complex refractive index of a single component.

[0118] Therefore, in this embodiment of the invention, the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system at wavelength λ is calculated based on the molar refractive index of the mixed components in atmospheric aerosol at wavelength λ, and based on the molar refractive index of the mixed components and the imaginary part of the complex refractive index of the single component.

[0119] In other aspects of this application, the method for constructing the aerosol component mixing model in the forward model further includes:

[0120] Step 130: Based on the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system at wavelength λ, calculate the complex refractive index of the aerosol according to the principle of equivalent medium.

[0121] Since aerosols contain not only water-soluble components but also non-water-soluble components such as black carbon and brown carbon, we treat the solution portion (i.e., the water-soluble components and water) as the aerosol matrix, mix it with the non-water-soluble components, and calculate the complex refractive index of the overall aerosol. Here, we use the equivalent medium theory to implement this process. The equivalent medium theory describes the state of uniform mixing of different non-water-soluble aerosol components with the solution matrix (i.e., the aqueous solution of the water-soluble components), which can be calculated from the dielectric constant of each component, thus:

[0122]

[0123] In the formula, f i ε represents the volume ratio of insoluble components in the aerosol. eff ε is the equivalent dielectric constant of the aerosol, representing the characteristics of the mixed-component aerosol. i ε represents the dielectric constant of the non-water-soluble component. e ε represents the dielectric constant of the matrix. i and ε e All are in complex form. The dielectric constant of an aerosol component and its complex refractive index have the following relationship:

[0124]

[0125] Formula (14) is a complex number expression, where Re represents the real part of the complex number, and || in Formula (14) represents the modulus of the complex number. Formula (14) can be used for both single-component and mixed-component aerosols. It can be used to solve for the dielectric constant ε of a single component using its complex refractive index, or to obtain the complex refractive index using the dielectric constant. That is, the complex refractive index (n) of the non-water-soluble component can be used to solve for the dielectric constant ε of the single component. i -ik i Substitute into formula (14) to obtain its dielectric constant (ε). i After that, the dielectric constant (ε) iSubstituting into formula (13), the dielectric constant ε of the mixed aerosol can be obtained. eff , further ε eff Substitute into formula (14) to obtain the complex refractive index of the mixed component aerosol.

[0126] Based on the aerosol component mixing model constructed in the forward model of this invention, the inverted aerosol components include black carbon, brown carbon, and non-water-soluble scattering organic matter in the fine mode. This effectively expands the previous studies, which only included combinations of black carbon and brown carbon or combinations of black carbon and organic matter, to include three types of non-water-soluble components. Furthermore, this method also expands the non-water-soluble components in the coarse mode, including dust and scattering organic matter.

[0127] This invention aims to solve the problem of large-scale spatial observation of aerosol composition by inverting atmospheric aerosol composition based on satellite remote sensing, filling the gap in global composition observation. This invention theoretically simulates the hygroscopic process of mixed solutions and calculates the complex refractive index of multi-component solution systems, thus making it possible to simultaneously invert hygroscopic and non-hygroscopic components within water-soluble components. This also further improves the range of remotely sensed aerosol components, more closely approximating the types of aerosol components in the real atmosphere. The satellite remote sensing inversion algorithm proposed in this scheme can invert 10 aerosol components, including: black carbon, brown carbon, fine-mode water-soluble organic matter, fine-mode non-water-soluble organic matter, fine-mode water, inorganic salts, dust, sea salt, coarse-mode organic matter, and coarse-mode water.

[0128] Please refer to Figures 3-12 This embodiment demonstrates the inversion results of 10 aerosol components (wherein... Figures 3-12 Left image: January 23, 2012; Right image: January 28, 2012. Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the concentration of black carbon components in aerosols; Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the concentration of brown carbon components in aerosols; Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the concentration of fine-modal water-soluble organic components in aerosols; Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the concentration of fine-modal non-water-soluble organic components in aerosols; Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the concentration of fine-mode water components in aerosols; Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the concentration of inorganic salt components in aerosols; Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing the concentration of dust components in aerosols; Figure 10 A schematic diagram showing the concentration of sea salt in aerosols; Figure 11 A schematic diagram showing the concentration of coarse-mode organic components in aerosols; Figure 12 A schematic diagram showing the concentration of coarse-mode water components in aerosols.

[0129] Therefore, this invention, in its embodiment, constructs an aerosol component mixing model by simulating the hygroscopic process of mixed solutions in atmospheric aerosols during the forward model construction process and calculating the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system in atmospheric aerosols. Then, based on satellite observations and satellite simulations of the forward model, an optimization inversion method is used to solve for the atmospheric aerosol components, thus achieving the inversion of atmospheric aerosol components based on satellite remote sensing. This also makes it possible to invert hygroscopic and non-hygroscopic components within water-soluble components. This invention also further improves the types of remotely senseable aerosol components, more closely approximating the types of aerosol components in the real atmosphere.

[0130] The atmospheric aerosol inversion device provided by the present invention is described below. The atmospheric aerosol inversion device described below and the atmospheric aerosol inversion method described above can be referred to in correspondence.

[0131] Please refer to Figure 13 The present invention also provides an atmospheric aerosol inversion device, comprising:

[0132] Forward model building module 201 is used to build a forward model of aerosol composition-microphysics-optics;

[0133] The inversion module 202 is used to solve for atmospheric aerosol composition by using an optimization inversion method based on satellite observations and satellite simulations of the forward model.

[0134] The construction module of the aerosol component mixing model in the forward model includes:

[0135] Simulation module 2011 is used to simulate the hygroscopic process of mixed solutions in atmospheric aerosols;

[0136] Calculation Module 2012 is used to calculate the complex refractive index of a multi-component solution system in atmospheric aerosols.

[0137] The atmospheric aerosol inversion device of this invention constructs an aerosol component mixing model during the forward model building process by simulating the hygroscopic process of mixed solutions in atmospheric aerosols and calculating the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system in atmospheric aerosols. Then, based on satellite observations and satellite simulations of the forward model, an optimization inversion method is used to solve the problem and obtain the atmospheric aerosol components. This achieves the inversion of atmospheric aerosol components based on satellite remote sensing, and simultaneously makes it possible to invert hygroscopic and non-hygroscopic components within water-soluble components. This invention also further improves the types of remotely senseable aerosol components, more closely approximating the types of aerosol components in the real atmosphere.

[0138] According to an atmospheric aerosol inversion device provided by the present invention, the simulation module is specifically used for:

[0139] Based on the Kappa-Corrall principle and ambient relative humidity, the relationship between solute volume, solution volume, hygroscopic parameters, and ambient relative humidity was obtained.

[0140] According to an atmospheric aerosol inversion device provided by the present invention, the relationship between the solute volume, solution volume, hygroscopic parameter, and ambient relative humidity is expressed by the following formula:

[0141]

[0142]

[0143] Among them, f i V is the volume ratio of the water-soluble component of the i-th aerosol to the volume of the solution. i V is the volume of the i-th water-soluble component. s V is the volume of the solute. w Let be the volume of water, κ be the hygroscopic parameter of the mixture, and RH be the ambient relative humidity.

[0144] An atmospheric aerosol inversion device according to the present invention includes a calculation module comprising:

[0145] The module for calculating the molar refractive index of the mixed components is used to calculate the molar refractive index of the mixed components at wavelength λ in atmospheric aerosols.

[0146] The complex refractive index calculation module is used to calculate the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system at wavelength λ based on the molar refractive index of the mixed components and the imaginary part of the complex refractive index of the single component.

[0147] According to an atmospheric aerosol inversion device provided by the present invention, the molar refractive index calculation module of the mixed components is implemented by the following formula:

[0148]

[0149]

[0150] Among them, A e (λ) represents the molar refractive index of the mixed component at wavelength λ; A i (λ) is the molar refractive index of the i-th component in the mixture; n i (λ) represents the real part of the complex refractive index of a single component; f i It is the volume ratio of the water-soluble component of the i-th aerosol to the volume of the solution;

[0151] The complex refractive index calculation module is implemented using the following formula:

[0152]

[0153]

[0154] n e (λ) represents the real part of the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system at wavelength λ; k e (λ) represents the imaginary part of the complex refractive index of a multi-component solution system at wavelength λ; A e (λ) represents the molar refractive index of the mixed component at wavelength λ; f i It is the volume ratio of the water-soluble component of the i-th aerosol to the volume of the solution; k i (λ) represents the imaginary part of the complex refractive index of a single component.

[0155] According to an atmospheric aerosol inversion device provided by the present invention, the building module further includes:

[0156] The mixed refractive index calculation module is used to calculate the complex refractive index of the aerosol based on the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system at wavelength λ, according to the principle of equivalent medium.

[0157] Figure 14 An example is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device, such as... Figure 14 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 1410, a communication interface 1420, a memory 1430, and a communication bus 1440, wherein the processor 1410, the communication interface 1420, and the memory 1430 communicate with each other through the communication bus 1440. The processor 1410 can call logical instructions in the memory 1430 to execute an atmospheric aerosol inversion method, which includes: establishing a forward model of aerosol composition-microphysics-optics; solving for atmospheric aerosol composition based on satellite observations and satellite simulations of the forward model using an optimization inversion method; wherein the method for constructing the aerosol composition mixing model in the forward model includes: simulating the hygroscopic process of the mixed solution in atmospheric aerosols; and calculating the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system in atmospheric aerosols.

[0158] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 1430 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0159] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the atmospheric aerosol inversion method provided by the above methods. The method includes: establishing a forward model of aerosol composition-microphysics-optics; solving the problem based on satellite observations and satellite simulations of the forward model using an optimization inversion method to obtain the atmospheric aerosol composition; wherein the method for constructing the aerosol composition mixing model in the forward model includes: simulating the hygroscopic process of the mixed solution in atmospheric aerosols; and calculating the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system in atmospheric aerosols.

[0160] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the atmospheric aerosol inversion method provided by the above methods. This method includes: establishing a forward model of aerosol composition—microphysics—optics; solving for atmospheric aerosol composition using an optimization inversion method based on satellite observations and satellite simulations of the forward model; wherein the method for constructing the aerosol composition mixing model in the forward model includes: simulating the hygroscopic process of a mixed solution in atmospheric aerosols; and calculating the complex refractive index of a multi-component solution system in atmospheric aerosols.

[0161] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0162] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0163] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An atmospheric aerosol inversion method, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: establishing an aerosol composition-microphysical-optical forward model; solving by an optimal inversion method based on satellite observation values and satellite simulation values of the forward model, and inversing to obtain atmospheric aerosol composition; wherein the construction method of the aerosol composition mixing model in the forward model comprises: simulating the hygroscopic process of a mixed solution in atmospheric aerosol; calculating the complex refractive index of a multi-solution system in atmospheric aerosol; the calculation of the complex refractive index of the multi-solution system in atmospheric aerosol comprises: calculating the molar refractivity of a mixed component at a wavelength λ in atmospheric aerosol; based on the molar refractivity of the mixed component and the imaginary part of the complex refractive index of a single component, the complex refractive index of the multi-solution system at the wavelength λ is obtained; the calculation of the molar refractivity of the mixed component at the wavelength λ in atmospheric aerosol is realized by the following formula: ； ； where A e (λ) represents the molar refractivity of the mixture component at wavelength λ; A i (λ) is the molar refractivity of the i-th component in the mixture; i (λ) represents the real part of the complex refractive index of the single component; i (λ) represents the real part of the complex refractive index of the single component; is the volume ratio of the volume of the i-th aerosol water-soluble component to the volume of the solution; the calculation of the complex refractive index of the multi-solution system at the wavelength λ based on the molar refractivity of the mixed component and the imaginary part of the complex refractive index of a single component is realized by the following formula: ； ； n e (λ) represents the real part of the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system at wavelength λ; k e (λ) represents the imaginary part of the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system at wavelength λ; A e (λ) represents the molar refractivity of the mixed component at wavelength λ; is the volume ratio of the volume of the i-th aerosol water-soluble component to the volume of the solution; k i (λ) represents the imaginary part of the complex refractive index of the single component.

2. The method of atmospheric aerosol retrieval according to claim 1, characterized in that, the simulation of the hygroscopic process of a mixed solution in atmospheric aerosol comprises: based on the kappa-Koura principle and the environmental relative humidity, the relationship among solute volume, solution volume, hygroscopic parameter and environmental relative humidity is obtained.

3. The method of atmospheric aerosol retrieval according to claim 2, characterized in that, the relationship among solute volume, solution volume, hygroscopic parameter and environmental relative humidity is expressed by the following formula: ； ； wherein, is the volume ratio of the volume of the i-th aerosol water-soluble component to the volume of the solution, is the volume of the i-th water-soluble component, V s is the volume of the solute, V w is the volume of the water, and k is the hygroscopic parameter of the mixed components, and RH is the environmental relative humidity.

4. The atmospheric aerosol inversion method according to claim 1, wherein the construction method of the aerosol composition mixing model in the forward model further comprises: based on the complex refractive index of the multi-solution system at the wavelength λ, the complex refractive index of the aerosol is calculated according to the equivalent medium principle.

5. An atmospheric aerosol retrieval apparatus, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: a forward model establishment module, configured to establish an aerosol composition-microphysical-optical forward model; an inversion module, configured to solve by an optimal inversion method based on satellite observation values and satellite simulation values of the forward model, and inversing to obtain atmospheric aerosol composition; wherein the construction module of the aerosol composition mixing model in the forward model comprises: a simulation module, configured to simulate the hygroscopic process of a mixed solution in atmospheric aerosol; a calculation module, configured to calculate the complex refractive index of a multi-solution system in atmospheric aerosol; the calculation of the complex refractive index of the multi-solution system in atmospheric aerosol comprises: calculating the molar refractivity of a mixed component at a wavelength λ in atmospheric aerosol; based on the molar refractivity of the mixed component and the imaginary part of the complex refractive index of a single component, the complex refractive index of the multi-solution system at the wavelength λ is obtained; the calculation of the molar refractivity of the mixed component at the wavelength λ in atmospheric aerosol is realized by the following formula: ； ； wherein A e (λ) represents the molar refractivity of the mixed component at wavelength λ; A i (λ) is the molar refractivity of the i-th aerosol water-soluble component; n i (λ) represents the real part of the complex refractive index of the single component; i (λ) represents the real part of the complex refractive index of the single component; is the volume ratio of the volume of the i-th aerosol water-soluble component to the volume of the solution; the calculation of the complex refractive index of the multi-solution system at the wavelength λ based on the molar refractivity of the mixed component and the imaginary part of the complex refractive index of a single component is realized by the following formula: ； ； n e (λ) represents the real part of the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system at wavelength λ; k e (λ) represents the imaginary part of the complex refractive index of the multi-component solution system at wavelength λ; A e (λ) represents the molar refractivity of the mixed component at wavelength λ; is the volume ratio of the volume of the i-th aerosol water-soluble component to the volume of the solution; k i (λ) represents the imaginary part of the complex refractive index of the single component.

6. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, the processor realizes the atmospheric aerosol inversion method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 when executing the program.

7. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program realizes the atmospheric aerosol inversion method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 when executed by the processor.

8. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the atmospheric aerosol retrieval method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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