A code generator for station area identification

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of power equipment, and more specifically, to a code generator for substation identification, comprising a code generator module and a power supply. The code generator module comprises an RC step-down voltage stabilization circuit, a sinusoidal wave phase synchronization circuit, a reactive pulse drive circuit, and an MCU unit, which are electrically associated with each other. The MCU unit performs bit expansion encoding on data to be coded based on a code generator instruction received through a serial port, and then outputs the result to the reactive pulse drive circuit via a resistor, so that the reactive pulse drive circuit sends the data to a power supply line and transmits the data information to the power grid via an instantaneous current. The circuit structure of the present invention is simple, safe, and compact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric power equipment, and more particularly to a code generator for identifying a substation area. Background Art

[0002] Currently, there are very few products on the market for substation identification. The main implementation idea is to perform short-term discharge through resistive consumption elements or inductors to form a pulse wave, and the test target is only to achieve the connection and blockage of the coding and decoding ends. It is equivalent to a "multimeter" with live testing, which only realizes the connection and blockage of the two ends of the measurement point.

[0003] The above scheme essentially uses a resistive or inductive load for current surge modulation. Because of the resistance, it consumes a significant amount of energy and generates a significant amount of heat. Assuming a 100µS, 40A surge pulse is generated at a 100V voltage, then in a 20ms sine wave environment, the energy consumed to generate one pulse is approximately: 100V * 40A * 100µS / 20mS = 20W / mS, or 20,000W / second. Such enormous energy consumption and heat generation make it impossible to install in a small switch, forcing it to be designed into dedicated equipment.

[0004] The solutions on the market that use inductive loads for pulse shock also require a 100uS, 40A shock pulse at 100V. Although pure inductance does not consume energy, in order to generate a 40A shock wave within 100us, its inductance must be very small and the wire diameter must be very thick. The key problem is that when the thyristor or MOSFET that controls the on and off of the inductor is short-circuited, the inductor is equivalent to being directly connected to the AC220V 50HZ alternating current. Due to the loss of 100us modulation, the inductor will inevitably be directly connected to the 50HZ low-frequency power supply. At this time, the inductive reactance is very small. Due to the inductor's low-frequency pass and high-frequency resistance characteristics, at low frequencies, it is close to a short circuit, which will inevitably cause a short circuit or overload tripping accident in the power supply network. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a station area identification code generator with simple circuit structure, high safety and small size.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A code generator for station area identification includes a code generator module and a power supply. The code generator module includes an RC step-down voltage regulator circuit, a sine wave phase synchronization circuit, a reactive pulse drive circuit and an MCU unit, which are electrically related to each other.

[0008] The RC step-down voltage regulator circuit is used to limit the current and voltage of the power line through half-wave rectification to obtain the positive half-cycle current. After filtering and energy storage, it is stabilized by the voltage regulator module and supplied to the MCU unit.

[0009] The sine wave phase synchronization circuit is used to convert the sine wave into a high-level and low-level square wave signal through current and voltage limiting of the power live wire, and provide the MCU unit with a sine wave phase reference.

[0010] The reactive pulse drive circuit includes capacitors and thyristors. The MCU unit controls the opening and closing of the thyristors through a sinusoidal wave phase synchronization circuit to charge and discharge the capacitors and realize the transmission of reactive pulses.

[0011] The MCU unit, according to the coding instruction received by the serial port, encodes the data to be coded and outputs it to the reactive pulse drive circuit through the resistor, so that the reactive pulse drive circuit sends the data to the power supply line and transmits the data information to the power grid through the instantaneous current.

[0012] The present invention is further configured as follows: the RC step-down voltage stabilization circuit includes capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5 associated with the power supply, a resistor R2, a diode D1, and a voltage regulator diode D4. The live wire of the power supply is limited by the capacitor C1 and the resistor R2, and the voltage regulator diode D4 is limited to 12V. The diode D1 performs half-wave rectification to obtain a positive half-cycle current, which is filtered and stored by capacitors C2 and C3, and then stabilized to 5V by the voltage regulator module and supplied to the MCU unit.

[0013] The present invention is further configured as follows: the sinusoidal wave phase synchronization circuit includes a resistor R1, a diode D2, and a voltage-stabilizing diode D3. The power live wire is current-limited by the resistor R1, and the voltage-stabilizing diodes D3 and D2 are voltage-limited, thereby converting the sinusoidal wave into a square wave signal with a high level of 10mS 5V and a low level of 10mS -0.5V, thereby providing a phase reference of the sinusoidal wave to the MCU unit.

[0014] The present invention is further configured as follows: the reactive pulse driving circuit includes an adjustable resistor RT1, resistors R3, R4, R5, a capacitor C6, a thyristor T1,

[0015] When the MCU unit outputs a voltage through a sine wave, it controls the thyristor T1 to open, and the voltage is limited by the resistor R5 to charge the capacitor C6;

[0016] When the voltage of capacitor C6 is fully charged, it flows back to the grid until the voltage of capacitor C6 drops. At this time, the discharge current is zero and the thyristor T1 is automatically turned off.

[0017] The present invention is further configured as follows: the live wire of the power supply is connected in sequence to the capacitor C1, the resistor R2, the voltage stabilizing diode D4, the capacitor C2 and the voltage stabilizing module;

[0018] A diode D1 is also connected between the voltage stabilizing diode D4 and the capacitor C2;

[0019] Capacitors C4 and C5 are also connected between the voltage stabilizing diode D4 and the voltage stabilizing module.

[0020] The present invention is further configured as follows: the output end of the MCU unit is connected to the resistor R4, the code after the MCU unit is expanded is output to the reactive pulse drive circuit through the resistor R4, the resistor R4 is connected to the thyristor T1, and the thyristor T1 is also connected to the neutral line.

[0021] The present invention is further configured as follows: one end of the resistor R3 is connected between the resistor R4 and the thyristor T1 , and the other end is connected to the power supply.

[0022] Compared with the shortcomings of the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] This application utilizes capacitive charging and discharging. The capacitor is fully charged in a short time, rapidly reducing the current to a very low value. When the driver transistor breaks down and shorts, the current in the capacitor is also reduced to a very low value. A 1uF capacitor draws approximately 60mA at 220V AC, 50Hz. Even a 10uF capacitor draws less than 0.7A, minimizing damage to the power grid. The present invention's code generation circuit is safer and more controllable than resistive and inductive drive circuits after the control transistor breaks down.

[0024] Since resistive heating requires a large heat dissipation space, the capacitor used in the present invention is a reactive component and only requires a very small volume. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 1 is a circuit diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Reference Figure 1 The embodiments of the present invention are further described.

[0027] This embodiment specifically includes a code sending module, a power supply and a communication scheduling module.

[0028] The power supply is an AC220V grid circuit. The communication scheduling module can be NB-LOT, 4G or HPLC.

[0029] The code sending module includes an RC step-down voltage stabilization circuit, a sine wave phase synchronization circuit, a reactive pulse driving circuit and an MCU unit, which are electrically related to each other.

[0030] RC step-down voltage stabilization circuit: includes capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, resistor R2, diode D1, and voltage regulator diode D4 associated with the power supply. The live wire of the power supply is limited by capacitor C1 and resistor R2, and the voltage regulator diode D4 limits the voltage to 12V. Diode D1 performs half-wave rectification to obtain the positive half-cycle current. After filtering and energy storage by capacitors C2 and C3, it is stabilized to 5V by the voltage regulator module and supplied to the MCU unit.

[0031] Sine wave phase synchronization circuit: includes resistor R1, diode D2, and Zener diode D3. The power live wire is limited by resistor R1, and Zener diodes D3 and D2 limit the voltage. The sine wave is converted into a square wave signal with a high level of 5V for 10mS and a low level of -0.5V for 10mS, providing a phase reference for the sine wave to the MCU unit.

[0032] The reactive pulse drive circuit includes capacitors and thyristors. The MCU unit controls the opening and closing of the thyristors through a sinusoidal wave phase synchronization circuit to charge and discharge the capacitors and realize the transmission of reactive pulses.

[0033] The MCU unit has a 232 serial port. Based on the code transmission instruction received by the serial port, it expands the code to be transmitted. The expanded code has the ability to identify errors. The expanded code is output to the reactive pulse drive circuit through resistor R4, so that the reactive pulse drive circuit can send the data to the power supply line and transmit the data information to the power grid through instantaneous current.

[0034] The reactive pulse drive circuit includes an adjustable resistor RT1, resistors R3, R4, R5, capacitor C6, thyristor T1,

[0035] The live wire of the power supply is connected to the capacitor C1, resistor R2, voltage stabilizing diode D4, capacitor C2 in sequence to the voltage stabilizing module;

[0036] A diode D1 is also connected between the voltage stabilizing diode D4 and the capacitor C2;

[0037] Capacitors C4 and C5 are also connected between the voltage stabilizing diode D4 and the voltage stabilizing module.

[0038] The MCU unit output is connected to resistor R4. The expanded code of the MCU unit is output to the reactive pulse drive circuit through resistor R4. Resistor R4 is connected to thyristor T1, which is also connected to the neutral line. One end of resistor R3 is connected between resistor R4 and thyristor T1, and the other end is connected to the power supply.

[0039] Resistor R5 is used to control the time and current amplitude of the charging and discharging process of capacitor C6. In the initial state, the voltage of capacitor C6 is zero. The MCU unit obtains the phase of the sine wave voltage through the sine wave phase synchronization circuit. When the phase is 145 degrees, the voltage is about 180V. At this time, the thyristor T1 is immediately turned on. The 180V voltage is limited by resistor R5 to quickly charge capacitor C6, generating an instantaneous charging current of about 40A. The capacity of capacitor C6 is about 2~10uF, so it will quickly charge to the same voltage as the sine wave. This charging process takes about 100uS to 400uS, which is proportional to the size of capacitor C6. After the thyristor T1 control signal is turned on for 500uS, it is turned off, and the voltage slowly decreases, causing the capacitor C6 voltage to be fully charged and then flow back to the grid. Until the voltage of capacitor C6 drops to completely equal to the sine wave voltage and the discharge current is zero, the thyristor T1 will automatically turn off completely. At this time, C6 also returns to its initial value, and a reactive pulse is sent. Therefore, a sine wave only sends a pulse between 145 and 180 degrees.

[0040] During this period, each data bit is expanded into 63 coding bits, each coding bit corresponds to a coding cycle, and the entire data is sent to the AC220V power line through the reactive pulse drive circuit, so that the instantaneous current of all power lines on the power grid will have a current disturbance corresponding to the coding pulse of the reactive pulse drive circuit, thereby achieving the purpose of transmitting data information to the power grid through instantaneous current.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Common changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A code generator for station area identification, characterized by: The code sending module includes a code sending module and a power supply. The code sending module includes an RC step-down voltage stabilization circuit, a sinusoidal wave phase synchronization circuit, a reactive pulse drive circuit, and an MCU unit, which are electrically related to each other. The RC step-down voltage stabilization circuit is used to limit the current and voltage of the power supply live wire, obtain the positive half-cycle current through half-wave rectification, filter and store energy, and then supply it to the MCU unit after voltage stabilization by the voltage stabilization module. The sine wave phase synchronization circuit is used to convert the sine wave into a high-level and low-level square wave signal through current and voltage limiting of the power live wire, and provide the MCU unit with a sine wave phase reference. The reactive pulse drive circuit includes capacitors and thyristors. The MCU unit controls the opening and closing of the thyristors through a sinusoidal wave phase synchronization circuit to charge and discharge the capacitors and realize the transmission of reactive pulses. The MCU unit, according to the coding instruction received by the serial port, encodes the data to be coded and then outputs it to the reactive pulse drive circuit through the resistor, so that the reactive pulse drive circuit sends the data to the power supply line and transmits the data information to the power grid through the instantaneous current; The sine wave phase synchronization circuit includes a resistor R1, a diode D2, and a voltage regulator diode D3. The power live wire is limited by the resistor R1, and the voltage regulator diode D3 and the diode D2 are used to limit the voltage. The sine wave is converted into a square wave signal with a high level of 10mS 5V and a low level of 10mS-0.5V, providing a phase reference for the sine wave to the MCU unit. The reactive pulse drive circuit includes an adjustable resistor RT1, resistors R3, R4, and R5, a capacitor C6, and a thyristor T1. When the MCU unit outputs a sinusoidal voltage, it controls the opening of thyristor T1. The voltage is limited by resistor R5 to charge capacitor C6. When the voltage of capacitor C6 is fully charged, it flows back to the grid until the voltage of capacitor C6 drops, the discharge current reaches zero, and the thyristor T1 automatically turns off.

2. The code generator for area identification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The RC step-down voltage stabilization circuit includes capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4, C5 associated with the power supply, a resistor R2, a diode D1, a voltage stabilization diode D4, and the live wire of the power supply is connected to the capacitor C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, a resistor R2, a diode D1, and a voltage stabilization diode D4. Capacitor C1 and resistor R2 limit the current, and voltage regulator diode D4 limits the voltage to 12V. Diode D1 performs half-wave rectification to obtain the positive half-cycle current. After filtering and energy storage by capacitors C2 and C3, it is stabilized to 5V by the voltage regulator module and supplied to the MCU unit.

3. The code generator for area identification according to claim 2, characterized in that: The live wire of the power supply is connected to the capacitor C1, the resistor R2, the voltage stabilizing diode D4, the capacitor C2 and the voltage stabilizing module in sequence; A diode D1 is also connected between the voltage stabilizing diode D4 and the capacitor C2; Capacitors C4 and C5 are also connected between the voltage stabilizing diode D4 and the voltage stabilizing module.

4. The code generator for station area identification according to claim 2, characterized in that: The output end of the MCU unit is connected to the resistor R4, and the code after the MCU unit is expanded is output to the reactive pulse drive circuit through the resistor R4. The resistor R4 and the thyristor T1 The thyristor T1 is also connected to the neutral line.

5. The code generator for area identification according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the resistor R3 is connected between the resistor R4 and the thyristor T1 , and the other end is connected to the power supply.

Images