Shield Machine Cutter Head Deformation Detection System

Abstract

The present invention relates to a shield machine cutter head deformation detection method and a shield machine cutter head deformation detection system. The shield machine cutter head deformation detection method executed by the shield machine cutter head deformation detection system includes the steps of: when the shield machine is tunneling, obtaining the distances between each detection point behind the cutter head and the cutter head; Judgment 1: within a set time, compare the detection distances of all detection points. If the detection distance of a certain detection point is always the minimum value, it is determined that this detection point is the hard stratum relative point, and the area corresponding to its front is the area with the highest hardness of the heading face; Judgment 2: if within the set time when the cutter head rotates more than two weeks, the detection distance of a certain detection point changes periodically, and in two adjacent cycles, the interval between the moment when the minimum detection distance appears in the previous cycle and the moment when the minimum detection distance appears in the next cycle is equal to the time for the cutter head to rotate one week, it is determined that the hob is abnormal; thus providing a reference for the shield driver to handle properly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shield machines, and specifically relates to a method for detecting the deformation of a shield machine cutter head and a system for detecting the deformation of a shield machine cutter head. Background Art

[0002] A shield machine includes a cutter head and a shield body. The shield body is divided into a cutting ring, a support ring, and a shield tail along the length direction. The front part is the cutting ring, which is adjacent to the cutter head. There is a certain gap between the cutting ring and the cutter head. A front partition parallel to the front panel of the cutter head is installed inside the cutting ring. The cutting ring is provided with a cutting edge, which cuts into the soil layer during construction and has the functions of excavating and supporting the soil body. The middle part is the support ring, which is the main stress-bearing structure of the shield, and all external loads of the shield shell are borne by it. The rear part is the shield tail, which is formed by extending the steel plate of the shield shell. Under the cover of the shield tail, tunnel linings are assembled. A shield tail seal device is provided at the end of the shield tail to prevent mud and grouting materials from flowing into the gap between the shield tail and the lining.

[0003] In recent years, the application of shield tunneling method has been more and more extensive. As one of the key components of a shield machine, the cutter head directly undertakes the role of excavating the working face. When the cutter head tunnels into a full-section hard rock formation or a bad formation such as soft upper and hard lower strata, abnormal damage phenomena such as deformation and cracking are likely to occur, and the rolling cutter tools are likely to be eccentrically worn and "knife sticking" and other phenomena. If it cannot be detected in time and dealt with quickly, it may cause equipment damage and seriously affect the construction progress.

[0004] The patent application document with the publication number of CN113108727A discloses a detection system for sensing the deformation of the central area of a shield machine cutter head. By monitoring whether the pressure of the hydraulic oil drops through the pressure sensor in the hydraulic system, if the pressure remains unchanged, it means that the cutter head of the shield machine is working normally and no deformation has occurred; if the pressure of the hydraulic oil drops, it means that a concave deformation has occurred in the central area of the shield machine cutter head. However, it only qualitatively judges whether the cutter head is deformed by using the principle of hydraulics, and it is impossible to know the specific deformation amount. Moreover, it can only sense whether the center of the cutter head is deformed, which has certain limitations, affects the effective prevention of abnormal damage phenomena such as cutter head deformation and cracking, and cannot reflect the cutter head deformation situation when tunneling into the soft upper and hard lower strata and the cutter head deformation situation when the rolling cutter tools are abnormal, which is not convenient to guide the shield driver to respond in time and affects the effective prevention of abnormal damage phenomena such as cutter head deformation and cracking. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting the deformation of a shield machine cutter head to solve the problem that the existing detection method can only qualitatively judge whether the center of the cutter head is deformed and is not conducive to the effective prevention of cutter head deformation and cracking; the purpose of the present invention is to provide a system for detecting the deformation of a shield machine cutter head to solve the problem that the existing detection system can only qualitatively judge whether the center of the cutter head is deformed and is not conducive to the effective prevention of cutter head deformation and cracking.

[0006] The technical solution of the shield machine cutter head deformation detection method of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The shield machine cutter head deformation detection method includes the following steps:

[0008] (1) When the shield machine is tunneling, obtain the distances between each detection point behind the cutter head and the rear end face of the cutter head. The distances are the detection distances of each detection point. Each detection point is located on the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the cutter head and is distributed in a circular pattern;

[0009] (2) Make at least one of the following judgments:

[0010] Judgment 1: Within a set time, compare the detection distances of all detection points. If the detection distance of a certain detection point is always the minimum value, then determine that this detection point is the relative point of the hard stratum. The area corresponding to the front of the relative point of the hard stratum is the area with the highest hardness of the heading face;

[0011] Judgment 2: If within a set time when the cutter head rotates more than two weeks, the detection distance of a certain detection point changes periodically, and in two adjacent cycles, the interval between the moment when the minimum detection distance appears in the previous cycle and the moment when the minimum detection distance appears in the next cycle is equal to the time used for each rotation of the cutter head, then determine that the hob is abnormal.

[0012] Beneficial effects: By comparing the changes in the detection distances of each detection point over time, the heading face condition and tool abnormalities can be predicted; when the shield machine tunnels into a hard stratum, the area with a high hardness of the heading face exerts a large reaction force on the cutter head, which is then reflected in the deformation amount of the cutter head, making the deformation amount of the corresponding detection point large. If within the set monitoring time, after comparing all detection points, the detection distance of a certain detection point is always the minimum value, it indicates that the area corresponding to this detection point is the area with the highest hardness of the heading face. Then, the shield driver can properly set the tunneling parameters according to the specific data information to make the rotation speed, angle, and thrust of the cutter head adapt to the formation hardness of the heading face; when the detection distance of a certain detection point changes periodically and the minimum value appears periodically, that is, the maximum deformation amount occurs every time the cutter head rotates one week, it indicates that when the minimum detection distance appears, the hob near this detection point on the cutter head may have abnormal phenomena such as partial wear or "knife sticking", which provides a reference for the shield driver to properly handle and timely enter the bin to check the tool condition.

[0013] Further, in Judgment 1, if the detection distance of a certain detection point is always the maximum value, then determine that this detection point is the relative point of the soft stratum. The area corresponding to the front of the relative point of the soft stratum is the area with the lowest hardness of the heading face.

[0014] Beneficial effects: By determining the relative points of hard strata and soft strata, it is applicable to the situation where there are large differences in the hardness of each area of the heading face, which is beneficial to guiding the shield driver to adjust the tunneling parameters to adapt to the heading face.

[0015] The technical solution of the shield machine cutterhead deformation detection system of the present invention is as follows:

[0016] The shield machine cutterhead deformation detection system includes a controller, distance sensors, and a cutterhead rotation angle measuring device; there are at least two distance sensors, each distance sensor is fixed on the cutting ring and arranged along the circumferential direction of the cutting ring, the probe of the distance sensor constitutes a detection point, and each detection point is in the same plane perpendicular to the cutterhead axis. The distance sensor is used to detect the distance between the rear end face of the cutterhead and the detection point; the cutterhead rotation angle measuring device is used to detect the rotation angle of the cutterhead; the distance sensors, the cutterhead rotation angle measuring device are signal-connected to the controller, and the controller is used to execute the shield machine cutterhead deformation detection method. The shield machine cutterhead deformation detection method includes the following steps:

[0017] (1) When the shield machine is tunneling, obtain the distances between each detection point behind the cutterhead and the rear end face of the cutterhead. The distances are the detection distances of each detection point. Each detection point is in the same plane perpendicular to the cutterhead axis and is circumferentially distributed;

[0018] (2) Make at least one of the following judgments:

[0019] Judgment 1: Within a set time, compare the detection distances of all detection points. If the detection distance of a certain detection point is always the minimum value, then determine that this detection point is the relative point of the hard strata, and the area directly in front of the relative point of the hard strata is the area with the highest hardness on the heading face;

[0020] Judgment 2: If within a set time when the cutterhead rotates more than two weeks, the detection distance of a certain detection point changes periodically, and within two adjacent periods, the interval between the moment when the minimum detection distance appears in the previous period and the moment when the minimum detection distance appears in the next period is equal to the time taken for the cutterhead to rotate one week, then determine that the hob is abnormal.

[0021] Beneficial effects: By arranging distance sensors in the circumferential direction of the cutting ring, the change in the distance value between the cutter head and the cutting ring can be detected and compared, so as to predict the face condition and abnormal tool conditions. When the shield machine advances into hard strata, the reaction force exerted on the cutter head by the area with high face hardness is large, which is then reflected in the deformation of the cutter head, resulting in a large deformation at the corresponding detection point. If, within the set monitoring time, after comparing all detection points, the detected distance of a certain detection point is always the minimum value, it indicates that the area corresponding to this detection point is the area with the highest face hardness. Then, the shield driver can properly set the tunneling parameters according to the specific data information to make the rotation speed, angle, and thrust of the cutter head adapt to the formation hardness of the face. When the detected distance of a certain detection point changes periodically and the minimum value repeatedly appears at the same phase, that is, whenever the cutter head rotates one week, the maximum deformation occurs, it indicates that at this phase, the hob near this detection point on the cutter head may have abnormal phenomena such as eccentric wear or "knife sticking", which provides a reference for the shield driver to properly respond and promptly enter the chamber to check the tool condition.

[0022] Furthermore, in the first judgment, if the detected distance of a certain detection point is always the maximum value, it is determined that this detection point is the relative point of the soft stratum, and the area directly in front of the relative point of the soft stratum is the area with the lowest face hardness.

[0023] Beneficial effects: Judging the relative points of hard strata and soft strata is applicable to the situation where there are large differences in hardness among different areas of the face, which is conducive to guiding the shield driver to adjust the tunneling parameters to adapt to the face.

[0024] Furthermore, a data cable protection tube is arranged at the rear of the distance sensor, and a data cable for transmitting the signal of the distance sensor is passed through the data cable protection tube.

[0025] Beneficial effects: Protect the data cable from being damaged, which is conducive to reliable long-term use.

[0026] Furthermore, the front end of the data cable protection tube is connected to the distance sensor, and the rear end is passed through the front bulkhead of the shield body.

[0027] Beneficial effects: Passing the data cable protection tube through the front bulkhead of the shield body is convenient for fixed connection and conducive to stable installation.

[0028] Furthermore, a compression nut is sleeved on the rear end of the data cable protection tube that penetrates the rear surface of the front bulkhead, and the compression nut is used for threaded connection with a threaded boss protruding from the rear surface of the front bulkhead.

[0029] Beneficial effects: Fix the data cable protection tube by threaded connection of the compression nut and the threaded boss on the front bulkhead, which is convenient for installation and avoids excessive force on the data cable protection tube, ensuring reliable use.

[0030] Further, a sealing ring is provided between the compression nut and the data cable protection tube. After the compression nut is threadedly connected to the threaded boss, the sealing ring is compressed. The sealing ring is used to prevent the leakage of the earth pressure chamber pressure in front of the front partition.

[0031] Beneficial effects: The compression nut compresses the sealing ring to achieve sealing, which is reliable and convenient for installation.

[0032] Further, the distance sensor is an eddy current sensor.

[0033] Beneficial effects: It is suitable for the working conditions during the tunneling of the shield machine, with high measurement sensitivity and reliable use. Description of the Drawings

[0034] Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of the distance sensor installed on the shield body in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 is Figure 1 View A-A after removing the cutter head;

[0036] Figure 3 is Figure 1 Partial enlarged view of Part I;

[0037] Figure 4 is Figure 1 Partial enlarged view of Part II;

[0038] Figure 5 is the data transmission flow chart;

[0039] Figure 6 is the distance data comparison chart of each detection point when tunneling in the soft upper and hard lower strata;

[0040] Figure 7 is the relationship diagram between the distance data of a detection point and the cutter head rotation angle when there is an abnormality of the hob on the cutter head.

[0041] In the figure: 1. Cutter head; 2. Shield body; 21. Cutter opening ring; 22. Front partition; 23. Threaded boss; 3. Eddy current sensor; 4. Data cable; 5. Data cable protection tube; 6. Sealing ring; 7. Compression nut; 8. Data acquisition card I; 9. Data acquisition card II; 10. Cutter head rotation angle encoder; 11. Computer. Specific Embodiments

[0042] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention, that is, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and illustrated herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0043] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" that may appear in the specific embodiments of the present invention are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, terms such as "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof may be intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent in such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, elements defined by the statement "including one..." etc. do not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the said elements.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "install", "connect" and "couple" that may appear should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it may be the internal connection of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific situations.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "provided with" that may appear should be understood in a broad sense. For example, the object of "provided with" may be a part of the body, or may be arranged separately from the body and connected to the body, and this connection may be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific situations.

[0047] The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0048] Embodiment 1 of the shield machine cutter head deformation detection system of the present invention:

[0049] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the cutterhead 1 is located in front of the shield body 2. The shield body 2 includes a notch ring 21 and a front baffle 22. The notch ring 21 is annular. The front baffle 22 is parallel to the front panel of the cutterhead 1 and is fixedly connected to the notch ring 21. A certain gap is set between the notch ring 21 and the cutterhead 1. The shield machine cutterhead deformation detection system includes a controller, a distance sensor and a cutterhead rotation angle measurement device. The distance sensor is fixed on the notch ring 21.

[0050] The distance sensor is an eddy current sensor 3, and there are 8 of them in total. Each eddy current sensor 3 is evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the cut ring 21. The eddy current sensor 3 is arranged on the inner side of the cut ring 21 and is located at a position of the cut ring 21 close to the cutter disc 1. One eddy current sensor 3 is located at the lowest part of the inner ring surface of the cut ring 21. This eddy current sensor 3 is a bottom eddy current sensor. The probe of the eddy current sensor 3 faces the rear end face of the cutter disc 1. The probe of the eddy current sensor 3 constitutes a detection point. The eddy current sensor 3 is used to detect the distance between the detection point and the rear end face of the cutter disc 1. The bottom eddy current sensor 3 has a bottom detection point.

[0051] A data line protection tube 5 is provided at the rear of the eddy current sensor 3, and a data line 4 for transmitting the signal of the distance sensor is passed through the data line protection tube 5. The front end of the data line protection tube 5 is connected to the distance sensor, and the rear end is passed through the front partition 22 of the shield body 2. The front partition 22 is provided with a through hole for the data line protection tube 5 to pass through. The rear end of the data line protection tube 5 passing through the rear surface of the front partition 22 is covered with a clamping nut 7, and a threaded boss 23 is convexly provided at the rear opening of the through hole of the front partition 22. The clamping nut 7 is threadedly connected with the threaded boss 23 convexly provided on the rear surface of the front partition 22. A sealing ring 6 is provided between the clamping nut 7 and the data line protection tube 5. After the clamping nut 7 is threadedly connected with the threaded boss 23, the sealing ring 6 is compressed. The sealing ring 6 is used to prevent the pressure leakage of the soil bin in front of the front partition 22. The sealing ring 6 is of a conical structure, and the rear opening of the through hole of the front partition plate 22 is of a conical expansion structure. When the sealing ring 6 is compressed by the compression nut 7, the sealing ring 6 is squeezed into the through hole, and the sealing is reliable.

[0052] like Figure 5As shown in the figure, the cutter head rotation angle measuring device is the cutter head rotation angle encoder 10, which is used to detect the rotation angle of the cutter head 1. The controller includes a computer 11, a first data acquisition card 8, and a second data acquisition card 9. The data collected by each eddy current sensor 3 is transmitted to the first data acquisition card 8, and the first data acquisition card 8 then transfers the data to the computer 11. The signal collected by the cutter head rotation angle encoder 10 is transmitted to the computer 11 through the second data acquisition card 9. The computer 11 processes the distance data of each detection point of the first data acquisition card 8 and the cutter head 1 rotation angle data of the second data acquisition card 9.

[0053] Taking the distance between the detection point when the cutter head is not deformed and the rear end face of the cutter head as the original distance, and the distance between the detection point and the rear end face of the cutter head during the tunneling of the shield machine as the detection distance. As Figure 6 shown in the figure, the ordinate represents the distance between the detection point and the rear end face of the cutter head. After receiving the data, the computer 11 displays the detection distance and the original distance data of each detection point. The shield driver can see in real time the detection distance between each detection point and the cutter head 1 in the cab, as well as the difference between the detection distance and the original distance, which reflects the distance change between the rear end face of the cutter head 1 and the front end face of the cutter ring 21, and then judges the deformation of the cutter head 1. The deformation amount of the cutter head 1 can be known in real time, avoiding phenomena such as deformation and cracking caused by excessive deformation of the cutter head 1.

[0054] In order to monitor the working state and working conditions of the cutter head, the above controller executes the following two shield machine cutter head deformation detection methods.

[0055] Detection method 1: During the tunneling of the shield machine, obtain the detection distance between each detection point behind the cutter head and the rear end face of the cutter head; and make a judgment: within the set time, compare the detection distances of all detection points. If the detection distance of a certain detection point is always the minimum value, then determine that this detection point is the hard stratum relative point, and the area corresponding to the front of the hard stratum relative point is the area with the highest hardness of the face. If the detection distance of a certain detection point is always the maximum value, then determine that this detection point is the soft stratum relative point, and the area corresponding to the front of the soft stratum relative point is the area with the lowest hardness of the face. Specifically, as the cutter head 1 continues to rotate, taking the bottom detection point as the judgment object, synchronously compare its distance value with the distance values of the other detection points. If the distance value collected by the bottom detection point is always the minimum and the distance values collected by the detection points farther away from the bottom detection point are larger as time changes, it indicates that the face in front of the cutter head 1 is a soft upper and hard lower stratum. The shield driver or the controller can properly set the tunneling parameters according to the specific data information to make the rotation speed, angle, and thrust of the cutter head 1 adapt to the formation hardness of the face.

[0056] Detection method 2: When the shield machine is tunneling, obtain the detection distances between each detection point behind the cutter head and the rear end face of the cutter head; and make a judgment: If within the set time when the cutter head rotates more than two weeks, the detection distances of a certain detection point change periodically, and in two adjacent cycles, the interval between the moment when the minimum detection distance appears in the previous cycle and the moment when the minimum detection distance appears in the next cycle is equal to the time taken for the cutter head to rotate one week, it is determined that the hob is abnormal. Specifically, as Figure 7 shown, it is the relationship between the cutter head rotation angle and the distance collected at one of the detection points. It can be seen that as the cutter head rotates, the distance values collected at this detection point change periodically, and this cycle is equal to the time taken for the cutter head to rotate one week. In the first cycle, when the cutter head rotates to 180 degrees (i.e., at π, the moment when cutter head 1 rotates half a week. It should be noted that here the abscissa can be expressed not only in terms of angles but also converted into moments), the distance value displayed at this detection point is the smallest. After that, every time cutter head 1 rotates one week (i.e., at 2π, 4π...), the minimum value appears, that is, the minimum value appears at rotation angles 3π, 5π, 7π.... Whenever the cutter head 1 rotates to the moment corresponding to a certain angle, the deformation amount reaches the maximum value, indicating that at this time, abnormal phenomena such as partial wear or "knife sticking" may occur to the hob near this detection point, and the tool condition near this detection point should be checked in the bin in time.

[0057] Among them, detection method 1 can be executed alone, detection method 2 can be executed alone, or detection methods 1 and 2 can be executed simultaneously.

[0058] By evenly arranging eddy current sensors 3 in the circumferential direction of the cutter ring 21, testing the distance between the cutter head 1 and the cutter ring 21, and thus obtaining the deformation amount of the cutter head 1, the deformation condition of the cutter head 1 can be detected in real time. According to the deformation condition of the cutter head 1, the face condition and the abnormal phenomena of the hob can be deduced, and then the shield driver can be guided to properly respond and effectively prevent abnormal damage phenomena such as deformation and cracking of the cutter head 1 under harsh working conditions.

[0059] Embodiment 2 of the cutter head deformation detection system for the shield machine in the present invention:

[0060] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in Embodiment 1, there are 8 distance sensors. In this embodiment, there are 4 distance sensors, which are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the cutter ring. In other embodiments, there can also be 2 distance sensors.

[0061] Embodiment 3 of the cutter head deformation detection system for the shield machine in the present invention:

[0062] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in Embodiment 1, the distance sensor is an eddy current sensor, while in this embodiment, the distance sensor is an optical distance sensor. In other embodiments, the distance sensor can also be an infrared distance sensor.

[0063] Embodiment 4 of the shield machine cutter head deformation detection system in the present invention:

[0064] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in Embodiment 1, the cutter head rotation angle measuring device is a rotary encoder, while in this embodiment, the cutter head rotation angle measuring device is an angle sensor.

[0065] Embodiment of the shield machine cutter head deformation detection method in the present invention:

[0066] The shield machine cutter head deformation detection method in this embodiment is the same as the detection method executed by the shield machine cutter head deformation detection system in any one of Embodiments 1-4 of the above shield machine cutter head deformation detection system, and will not be elaborated here.

[0067] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still make modifications to the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments without creative labor, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Shield machine cutter head deformation detection system, including a controller, characterized in that, It further includes a distance sensor and a cutter head rotation angle measuring device; there are at least two distance sensors, each distance sensor is fixed on the cutting ring (21) and arranged along the circumferential direction of the cutting ring (21), the probe of the distance sensor forms a detection point, and each detection point is in the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the cutter head (1), and the distance sensor is used to detect the distance between the rear end face of the cutter head (1) and the detection point; the cutter head rotation angle measuring device is used to detect the rotation angle of the cutter head (1); The distance sensor, the cutter head rotation angle measuring device are signal-connected to the controller, and the controller is used to execute the cutter head deformation detection method of the shield machine; The cutter head deformation detection method of the shield machine includes the following steps: (1) When the shield machine is tunneling, obtain the distances between each detection point behind the cutter head (1) and the rear end face of the cutter head (1), and the distances are the detection distances of each detection point. Each detection point is in the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the cutter head (1) and is distributed in a circle; (2) Make at least one of the following judgments: Judgment 1: During the set time, compare the detection distances of all detection points. If the detection distance of a certain detection point is always the minimum value, then determine that this detection point is the hard stratum relative point, and the area directly in front of the hard stratum relative point is the area with the highest hardness of the face; Judgment 2: If within the set time when the cutter head (1) rotates more than two weeks, the detection distance of a certain detection point changes periodically, and in two adjacent cycles, the interval between the moment when the detection distance is the minimum value in the previous cycle and the moment when the detection distance is the minimum value in the next cycle is equal to the time used for the cutter head (1) to rotate one week, then determine that the hob is abnormal.

2. The shield machine cutter head deformation detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that In the above Judgment 1, if the detection distance of a certain detection point is always the maximum value, then determine that this detection point is the soft stratum relative point, and the area directly in front of the soft stratum relative point is the area with the lowest hardness of the face.

3. The shield machine cutter head deformation detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that A data line protection tube (5) is arranged at the rear of the distance sensor, and a data line (4) for transmitting the signal of the distance sensor is passed through the data line protection tube (5).

4. The shield machine cutter head deformation detection system according to claim 3, wherein, The front end of the data line protection tube (5) is connected to the distance sensor, and the rear end is passed through the front bulkhead (22) of the shield body (2).

5. The shield machine cutter head deformation detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that A compression nut (7) is sleeved on the rear end of the data line protection tube (5) that penetrates the rear surface of the front bulkhead (22), and the compression nut (7) is used for threadedly connecting with a threaded boss (23) protruding from the rear surface of the front bulkhead (22).

6. The shield machine cutter head deformation detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that, A sealing ring (6) is arranged between the compression nut (7) and the data line protection tube (5). After the compression nut (7) is threadedly connected to the threaded boss (23), the sealing ring (6) is compressed. The sealing ring (6) is used to prevent the earth pressure in front of the front bulkhead (22) from leaking.

7. The shield machine cutter head deformation detection system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The distance sensor is an eddy current sensor (3).

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