Display substrate, method for preparing display substrate, and display device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of display, and discloses a display substrate, a method for preparing a display substrate, and a display device. The display panel comprises: a base substrate, divided into a display area and a non-display area, the display area comprising a first display area and a second display area, the first display area being used to set a sensor assembly; a plurality of pixel units located in the first display area, arranged on one side of the base substrate, the pixel units comprising a plurality of spaced sub-pixels, each sub-pixel having an organic light-emitting layer; a repulsive pattern layer, the repulsive pattern layer being located on a side of the pixel unit facing away from the base substrate, the repulsive pattern layer comprising a plurality of repulsive islands, each repulsive island covering a portion of the organic light-emitting layer; and a cathode layer, the cathode layer being located on a side of the repulsive pattern layer facing away from the base substrate, the pattern of the cathode layer being complementary to the pattern of the repulsive pattern layer. The display panel is used to improve the light transmittance of the first display area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of display devices, and in particular to a display substrate, a method for preparing the display substrate, and a display device. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of technology, the use of smartphones, tablets and laptops has become popular in people's lives, and full-screen technology is also a hot topic at the moment.

[0003] In existing full-screen electronic devices, the camera still occupies a certain screen-to-body ratio. To further increase this, UDC (under display camera) and under-screen Face ID (facial recognition) design solutions have emerged. Both under-screen cameras and under-screen facial recognition place extremely high demands on the screen's transmittance.

[0004] However, in the existing design, the camera has low lighting and poor imaging effect, which affects the user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The invention discloses a display substrate, a method for preparing the display substrate and a display device, which are used to improve the light transmittance of a first display area.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a display substrate comprising:

[0008] A display substrate, comprising:

[0009] The base substrate is divided into a display area and a non-display area, wherein the display area includes a first display area and a second display area, and the first display area is used to set the sensor component;

[0010] A plurality of pixel units located in the first display area are arranged on one side of the base substrate, the pixel units comprising a plurality of spaced-apart sub-pixels, each of the sub-pixels having an organic light-emitting layer;

[0011] a repulsive pattern layer, the repulsive pattern layer being located on a side of the organic light-emitting layer facing away from the base substrate, the repulsive pattern layer comprising a plurality of repulsive islands, the orthographic projection of each of the repulsive islands on the base substrate partially covering the orthographic projection of the organic light-emitting layer on the base substrate;

[0012] A cathode layer is located on a side of the organic light-emitting layer away from the base substrate, and a pattern of the cathode layer is complementary to a pattern of the repelling pattern layer.

[0013] The display area of ​​the substrate provided by the present invention is divided into a first display area and a second display area, wherein the first display area is used to set a sensor component. Since the sensor component has high requirements on the transmittance of the first display area, the sensor component must be placed in the first display area, and at the same time the sensor component can work normally and does not affect the normal display of the display area. Therefore, multiple pixel units are set on one side of the substrate in the first display area, and the pixel units include multiple spaced sub-pixels. The sub-pixels have an organic light-emitting layer, and a repulsion pattern layer is set on the side of the organic light-emitting layer away from the substrate. The repulsion pattern layer includes multiple repulsion islands, and the positive projection of each repulsion island on the substrate covers part of the positive projection of the organic light-emitting layer on the substrate. Since the repulsion island has the characteristic of repelling the cathode layer, the pattern of the cathode layer located on the side of the organic light-emitting layer away from the substrate is complementary to the pattern of the repulsion pattern layer, so that there is no cathode layer at the position of the repulsion island. Because the repulsion island is a transparent material, the transmittance of the first display area is improved.

[0014] Optionally, the cathode layer is located on a side of the repulsive pattern layer facing away from the base substrate.

[0015] Optionally, the plurality of sub-pixels include at least three colors, and the organic light-emitting layers in the sub-pixels covered by the repulsive islands emit light of the same color.

[0016] Optionally, it further includes a cathode pattern layer located between the organic light-emitting layer and the repelling pattern layer, the cathode pattern layer including a plurality of cathode islands arranged at intervals, each cathode island covering a portion of the organic light-emitting layer in the sub-pixel;

[0017] The repulsive island is arranged corresponding to the cathode island, the contact part of the repulsive island and the cathode island forms an overlapping part, the other part of the repulsive island forms a non-overlapping part, the part of the overlapping part not covered by the positive projection of the cathode island forms a connecting part, and the connecting part is conductive with the cathode layer.

[0018] Optionally, the orthographic projection of each of the repulsive islands on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the cathode pattern layer of a portion of the sub-pixel on the substrate.

[0019] Optionally, the cathode layer is directly overlapped with the connecting portion, and the orthographic projection of the connecting portion on the base substrate is covered by the orthographic projection of the cathode layer on the base substrate.

[0020] Optionally, the shape of the orthographic projection of the overlapping portion on the base substrate is a polygon.

[0021] Optionally, the overlapping portion is orthographically projected onto the cathode island so as to expose a plurality of connection portions.

[0022] Optionally, the area of ​​the cathode island as projected onto the base substrate is rectangular, and the plurality of connecting portions are respectively located at corners of the cathode island.

[0023] Optionally, the orthographic projection areas of the four connecting portions on the base substrate are all the same.

[0024] Optionally, the orthographic projection of the repulsive island on the substrate is in the shape of a cross.

[0025] Optionally, the sub-pixel further includes:

[0026] an anode layer, located on a side of the base substrate facing the organic light-emitting layer;

[0027] a hole transport layer, located between the organic light-emitting layer and the anode layer;

[0028] An electron transport layer is located between the organic light emitting layer and the cathode layer.

[0029] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a display substrate, comprising:

[0030] Providing a base substrate, wherein the base substrate is divided into a first display area and a second display area, wherein the first display area is used to set the sensor component;

[0031] A plurality of pixel units located in the first display area are located on one side of the base substrate, the pixel units comprising a plurality of sub-pixels arranged at intervals, each of the sub-pixels having an organic light-emitting layer;

[0032] A repulsive pattern layer is formed on a side of the organic light-emitting layer facing away from the base substrate, the repulsive pattern layer comprising a plurality of repulsive islands, the orthographic projection of each of the repulsive islands on the base substrate covering a portion of the orthographic projection of the organic light-emitting layer on the base substrate;

[0033] A cathode layer is formed on a side of the organic light emitting layer away from the base substrate, and a pattern of the cathode layer is complementary to a pattern of the repelling pattern layer.

[0034] Optionally, the repelling pattern layer is formed before forming the cathode layer.

[0035] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a display device comprising the display substrate described in any one of the first aspects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of area division of a display substrate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2A schematic structural diagram of a display substrate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3a-3d To correspond Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the preparation process of the display substrate;

[0039] Figure 4 The embodiment of the present invention provides Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of the X in FIG.

[0040] Figure 5 The embodiment of the present invention provides Figure 4 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the exclusion island;

[0041] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a cathode island and a repulsion island provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 Another structural diagram of a cathode island and a repelling island provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view at AA in FIG;

[0044] Figure 9 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view at BB in FIG;

[0045] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the repulsive pattern layer in the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0046] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the repulsive pattern layer in the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0047] Icon: AA-display area; AA1-first display area; AA2-second display area; BB-non-display area; 1-substrate substrate; 2-pixel unit; 21-sub-pixel; 211-organic light-emitting layer; 3-repulsion pattern layer; 31-repulsion island; 311-overlapping part; 312-non-overlapping part; 4-cathode layer; 5-cathode pattern layer; 51-cathode island; 511-connecting part; 6-anode layer; 7-hole transport layer; 8-electron transport layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] The transmittance requirement for the under-screen camera is between 15% and 25% (mainly in the 550nm band), and the infrared transmittance requirement for the under-screen facial recognition sensor is to reach more than 35% (mainly in the 940nm band). After the driving circuit and the organic light-emitting device are prepared, the transmittance of the existing technology is far from meeting the requirements. This is mainly due to the light blocking of the anode in the RGB (Red, Green, Blue) light-emitting area and the loss of transmittance caused by the cathode of the entire screen. The cathode layer 4 in the OLED display panel is a layer of metal, and its transmittance in the visible and infrared bands is very low, especially in the infrared band, the transmittance is about 50%. The transmittance can be improved by thinning the cathode, but the increase in resistance will affect the luminous efficiency of the display panel, and the optical properties of the display panel will also change accordingly.

[0050] Currently, the main solutions for anode light blocking include reducing the anode area and lowering the resolution in the under-screen camera area. The main method for removing the cathode in a specific area is laser removal, but laser removal will affect the stability of the driving circuit.

[0051] To ensure the transmittance of the first display area AA1 where the under-screen camera or facial recognition sensor is located, the following solution is adopted:

[0052] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3a-3d as well as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display panel, comprising: a base substrate 1, which is divided into a display area AA and a non-display area BB, wherein the display area AA includes a first display area AA1 and a second display area AA2, and the first display area AA1 is used to set a sensor component;

[0053] A plurality of pixel units 2 located in the first display area AA1 are arranged on one side of the base substrate 1 . The pixel unit 2 includes a plurality of sub-pixels 21 arranged at intervals. Each sub-pixel 21 has an organic light-emitting layer 211 .

[0054] a repulsive pattern layer 3, the repulsive pattern layer 3 being located on a side of the organic light-emitting layer 211 facing away from the base substrate 1, the repulsive pattern layer 3 comprising a plurality of repulsive islands 31, the orthographic projection of each repulsive island 31 on the base substrate 1 partially covering the orthographic projection of the organic light-emitting layer 211 on the base substrate 1;

[0055] The cathode layer 4 is located on the side of the organic light-emitting layer 211 facing away from the base substrate 1 . The pattern of the cathode layer 4 is complementary to the pattern of the repelling pattern layer 3 .

[0056] It should be noted that the base substrate 1 provided by the present invention is divided into a first display area AA1 and a second display area AA2, wherein the first display area AA1 is used to set a sensor component, for example, the sensor component is an under-screen camera or a facial recognition sensor. Since the sensor component has high requirements for the transmittance of the first display area AA1, the sensor component must be placed in the first display area AA1, and the sensor component can also work normally and does not affect the normal display of the display area AA. Therefore, a plurality of pixel units 2 are set on one side of the base substrate 1 in the first display area AA1, and the pixel unit 2 includes a plurality of sub-pixels 21 arranged at intervals, and the sub-pixels 2 are arranged at intervals. 1 has an organic light-emitting layer 211, and a repulsive pattern layer 3 is provided on the side of the organic light-emitting layer 211 facing away from the base substrate 1. The repulsive pattern layer 3 includes a plurality of repulsive islands 31, and the orthographic projection of each repulsive island 31 on the base substrate 1 partially covers the orthographic projection of the organic light-emitting layer 211 on the base substrate 1. Since the repulsive islands 31 have the characteristic of repelling the cathode layer 4, the pattern of the cathode layer 4 on the side of the organic light-emitting layer 211 facing away from the base substrate 1 is complementary to the pattern of the repulsive pattern layer 3, so that there is no cathode layer 4 at the location of the repulsive islands 31. Because the repulsive islands 31 are made of transparent material, the transmittance of the first display area AA1 is improved.

[0057] In some specific embodiments, such as Figure 3a The first display area AA1 includes a plurality of pixel units 2, each of which includes a plurality of sub-pixels 21. The plurality of sub-pixels include at least three colors. The sub-pixels 21 have an organic light-emitting layer 211. The light-emitting color of each repulsive island 31 covering the organic light-emitting layer 211 is the same. To ensure the display effect of the display panel, the plurality of sub-pixels 21 include at least three colors. Since the arrangement of the holes on the mask used in the process of vapor deposition of the organic light-emitting layers 211 in the sub-pixels 21 of different colors is fixed, that is, the position of the organic light-emitting layer 211 in each sub-pixel 21 is fixed, it is more convenient to vapor-deposit the repulsive pattern layer 3 on the organic light-emitting layer 211 in the sub-pixels 21 of the same color at a fixed position, so that the color of the organic light-emitting layer 211 in the sub-pixels 21 covered by the repulsive island 31 is the same.

[0058] In some specific embodiments, the cathode layer 4 is located on the side of the repelling pattern layer 5 facing away from the base substrate 1. Figure 3bA cathode pattern layer 5 is formed by evaporation on the organic light-emitting layer 211 in the sub-pixel 21 . The cathode pattern layer 5 includes a plurality of cathode islands 51 arranged at intervals. Each cathode island 51 covers a portion of the organic light-emitting layer 211 in the sub-pixel 21 .

[0059] like Figure 3c As shown, a repulsive pattern layer 3 is formed on the side of the cathode pattern layer 5 facing away from the base substrate 1. The repulsive pattern layer 3 includes a plurality of repulsive islands 31. The repulsive islands 31 in the repulsive pattern layer 3 are formed by evaporation through a mask. Considering the size and uniformity of the holes in the mask, and the distance between adjacent holes cannot be too close, when the mask is used for evaporation, repulsive islands 31 formed by adjacent holes in the mask will appear in the repulsive pattern layer 3. The orthographic projection of each repulsive island 31 on the base substrate 1 covers the orthographic projection of the cathode pattern layer 5 of a part of the sub-pixel 21 on the base substrate 1. For example, each repulsive island 31 is made to cover non-adjacent organic light-emitting layers 211. The repulsive island 31 and the cathode island 51 are arranged correspondingly, and the contact part between the repulsive island 31 and the cathode island 51 forms an overlapping part 311, and the other part of the repulsive island 31 forms a non-overlapping part 312. The part of the overlapping part 311 that is not covered by the positive projection on the cathode island 51 forms a connecting part 511, and the connecting part 511 is conductive with the cathode layer 4.

[0060] like Figure 3d As shown, a cathode layer 4 is formed by vapor deposition on the side of the repulsive pattern layer 3 facing away from the base substrate 1. Since the repulsive island 31 has the characteristic of repelling the cathode layer 4, the pattern of the cathode layer 4 on the side of the repulsive pattern layer 3 facing away from the base substrate 1 is complementary to the pattern of the repulsive pattern layer 3. Since the repulsive island 31 is a transparent material, when the cathode layer 4 is formed on the side of the repulsive pattern layer 3 facing away from the base substrate 1, there is no cathode layer 4 at the position of the repulsive island 31.

[0061] The repelling pattern layer 3 can be of any shape as long as it can expose part of the cathode island. Figure 4 Combined Figure 5, the overlapping part 311 of the repulsive island 31 is not covered by the orthographic projection on the cathode island 51 to form a connecting portion 511. When a cathode layer 4 is formed on the side of the repulsive pattern layer 3 away from the base substrate 1, due to the characteristic of the repulsive island 31 of repelling the cathode layer 4, the pattern of the cathode layer 4 on the side of the repulsive pattern layer 3 away from the base substrate 1 is complementary to the pattern of the repulsive pattern layer 3, but the cathode layer 4 covers the connecting portion 511, and the cathode layer 4 is directly overlapped with the connecting portion 511. The orthographic projection of the connecting portion 511 on the base substrate 1 is covered by the orthographic projection of the cathode layer 4 on the base substrate 1, so that the cathode layer 4 and the connecting portion 511 of the cathode island 51 are conductive. Because the cathode material is evaporated twice between the cathode layer 4 and the connecting portion 511 of the cathode island 51, the thickness of the cathode layer 4 as a whole of the cathode island 51 and the cathode layer 4 is increased, so that the resistance of the cathode layer 4 can be effectively reduced, which will not affect the luminous efficiency of the display panel and the optical properties of the display panel will not change. Since the repulsive island 31 is made of transparent material, when the cathode layer 4 is formed on the side of the repulsive pattern layer 3 facing away from the base substrate 1, there is no cathode layer 4 at the position of the repulsive island 31, thereby improving the transmittance of the first display area AA1. In this way, the transmittance of the first display area AA1 is improved while the luminous efficiency of the display panel is guaranteed.

[0062] Optionally, the shape of the orthographic projection of the overlapping portion 311 on the base substrate 1 is a polygon, for example, Figure 5 The shape of the orthographic projection of the overlapping portion 311 on the base substrate 1 is a cross, and may also be other shapes, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 The overlapping portion 311 is projected onto the cathode island 51 so that the exposed connection portions 511 are multiple, for example, Figure 5 and Figure 6 There are four middle connecting parts 511. Figure 7 There are three middle connecting parts 511 , so when a poor contact occurs between one of the connecting parts 511 and the cathode layer 4 , the other connecting parts 511 can still conduct normally, thereby ensuring the connection between the cathode island 51 and the cathode layer 4 .

[0063] In order to simplify the manufacturing process, the multiple connecting parts 511 are respectively located at the corners of the cathode island 51, for example, Figure 5 As shown, the area of ​​the positive projection of the cathode island 51 on the base substrate 1 is rectangular, and the four connecting portions 511 are respectively located at the corners of the cathode island 51. When the connecting portion 511 of the cathode island 51 is connected to the cathode layer 4, in order to facilitate manufacturing and meet its electrical performance, the positive projection areas of the four connecting portions 511 on the base substrate 1 are all the same. For example, Figure 6As shown, the positive projection area of ​​the cathode island 51 on the base substrate 1 is rectangular, and the four connecting parts 511 are respectively located at the corners of the cathode island 51. Figure 7 As shown, the area of ​​the positive projection of the cathode island 51 on the base substrate 1 is a triangle, and the three connecting portions 511 are respectively located at the corners of the cathode island 51 .

[0064] Continue to refer Figure 5 The top surface of the non-overlapping portion 312 of the exclusion island 31 cannot be covered by the cathode layer 4, and there is no cathode island 51 on the bottom surface of the non-overlapping portion 312 of the exclusion island 31. Due to the transparent nature of the exclusion island 31, the non-overlapping portion 312 of the exclusion island 31 serves as a light-transmitting area. That is to say, the existence of the non-overlapping portion 312 of the exclusion island 31 improves the overall transmittance of the first display area AA1.

[0065] Similarly, to improve the transmittance of the first display area AA1, the orthographic projection of the repulsive island 31 on the base substrate 1 is designed to be in the shape of a cross, although other shapes are also possible. The purpose of designing the repulsive island 31 in the shape of a cross is to increase the area ratio of the repulsive island 31 on the base substrate 1. As the non-overlapping portion of the repulsive island 31 accounts for a larger area ratio on the base substrate 1, the non-overlapping portion 312 of the repulsive island 31 becomes larger, thereby improving the overall transmittance of the first display area AA1.

[0066] To facilitate understanding of the specific structure and manufacturing process of each pixel unit 2, the following detailed description is given. Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the display panel provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes: the sub-pixel 21 further includes:

[0067] An anode layer 6 is provided on the base substrate 1. A hole transport layer 7 is formed on the anode layer 6 by vapor deposition. The hole transport layer 7 is a layer of organic material. An organic light-emitting layer 211 is formed on the hole transport layer 7. Organic light-emitting layers 211 of different colors are sequentially vapor-deposited. For example, a red organic light-emitting layer 211 is first vapor-deposited, followed by a green organic light-emitting layer 211, and finally a blue organic light-emitting layer 211. After the organic light-emitting layer 211 is vapor-deposited, an electron transport layer 8 is formed. A cathode pattern layer 5 including a plurality of cathode islands 51 is formed on the side of the electron transport layer 8 facing away from the base substrate 1. A repelling pattern layer 3 and a cathode layer 4 are sequentially formed on the side of the cathode pattern layer 5 facing away from the base substrate 1. A light extraction layer and a thin film encapsulation layer are also sequentially formed on the side of the cathode layer 4 facing away from the base substrate 1. The light extraction layer can improve the light extraction efficiency of the display panel, and the thin film encapsulation layer can protect the organic light-emitting layer 211 from corrosion by water and oxygen, thereby increasing its service life.

[0068] In other specific embodiments, Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the pixel unit 2 includes a plurality of sub-pixels 21, and a repelling pattern layer 3 is evaporated in the corresponding areas of at least some of the sub-pixels 21 among the plurality of sub-pixels 21. The material of the repelling pattern layer 3 is the material for removing the cathode. That is, the sub-pixels 21 at the positions covered by the repelling pattern layer 3 are deleted, so that the repelling pattern layer 3 is evaporated and the cathode layer 4 cannot be evaporated in the subsequent whole-surface evaporation process, thereby realizing cathode patterning. Because the repelling pattern layer 3 is a transparent material, the transmittance of the first display area AA1 is improved due to the presence of the repelling pattern layer 3.

[0069] The reason why deleting some sub-pixels 21 and depositing the repelling pattern layer 3 does not affect the display panel's performance is as follows: For example, if a current mainstream product has a resolution of 458ppi, the ppi of R and B is only 326, while G is a true 458ppi. By deleting half of the G pixels in the first display area AA1, the ppi of RGB in the first display area AA1 becomes 326ppi. This improves the transmittance of the first display area AA1 while also meeting display requirements, as 326ppi is already the limit of retinal resolution.

[0070] For example, the shape of the repulsive islands 31 in the repulsive pattern layer 3 can be Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown in , it can also be other shapes such as a circle. The present invention is not limited to the specific shape, and the shape is related to the hole shape of the mask.

[0071] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing a display substrate, comprising:

[0072] A base substrate 1 is provided. The base substrate 1 is divided into a first display area AA1 and a second display area AA2. The first display area AA1 is used to set a sensor component.

[0073] A plurality of pixel units 2 located in the first display area AA1 are located on one side of the base substrate 1 . The pixel unit 2 includes a plurality of sub-pixels 21 arranged at intervals. Each sub-pixel 21 has an organic light-emitting layer 211 .

[0074] A repulsive pattern layer 3 is formed on the side of the organic light-emitting layer 211 facing away from the base substrate 1, and the repulsive pattern layer 3 includes a plurality of repulsive islands 31, and the orthographic projection of each repulsive island 31 on the base substrate 1 covers a portion of the orthographic projection of the organic light-emitting layer 211 on the base substrate 1;

[0075] A cathode layer 4 is formed on the side of the repelling pattern layer 3 facing away from the base substrate 1 , and a pattern of the cathode layer 4 is complementary to that of the repelling pattern layer 3 .

[0076] Specifically, the repelling pattern layer 3 is formed before the cathode layer 4 is formed.

[0077] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display device, comprising the display substrate described in any one of the first aspects.

[0078] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A display substrate, characterized in that: include: The base substrate is divided into a display area and a non-display area, wherein the display area includes a first display area and a second display area, and the first display area is used to set the sensor component; A plurality of pixel units located in the first display area are arranged on one side of the base substrate, the pixel units comprising a plurality of spaced-apart sub-pixels, each of the sub-pixels having an organic light-emitting layer; a repulsive pattern layer, the repulsive pattern layer being located on a side of the organic light-emitting layer facing away from the base substrate, the repulsive pattern layer comprising a plurality of repulsive islands, the orthographic projection of each of the repulsive islands on the base substrate partially covering the orthographic projection of the organic light-emitting layer on the base substrate; a cathode layer, the cathode layer being located on a side of the organic light-emitting layer facing away from the base substrate, wherein a pattern of the cathode layer is complementary to a pattern of the repelling pattern layer; a cathode pattern layer, located between the organic light-emitting layer and the repelling pattern layer, the cathode pattern layer comprising a plurality of cathode islands arranged at intervals, each cathode island covering a portion of the organic light-emitting layer in the sub-pixel; The orthographic projection of each of the repulsive islands covers the orthographic projection of the cathode pattern layer of a part of the sub-pixel on the substrate substrate. The repulsive islands are arranged corresponding to the cathode islands. The contact parts of the repulsive islands and the cathode islands form overlapping parts, and the other parts of the repulsive islands form non-overlapping parts. The overlapping parts not covered by the orthographic projection of the cathode islands form connecting parts, and the connecting parts are conductive to the cathode layer.

2. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein: The cathode layer is located on a side of the repelling pattern layer facing away from the base substrate.

3. The display substrate according to claim 2, wherein: The plurality of sub-pixels include at least three colors, and the organic light-emitting layers in the sub-pixels covered by the repulsive islands emit light of the same color.

4. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein The cathode layer is directly overlapped with the connecting portion, and the orthographic projection of the connecting portion on the base substrate is covered by the orthographic projection of the cathode layer on the base substrate.

5. The display substrate according to claim 4, wherein: The shape of the orthographic projection of the overlapping portion on the base substrate is a polygon.

6. The display substrate according to claim 5, wherein: The overlapping portion is projected orthogonally on the cathode island so as to expose a plurality of connection portions.

7. The display substrate according to claim 6, wherein: The plurality of connection portions are respectively located at corners of the cathode island.

8. The display substrate according to claim 7, wherein: The orthographic projection areas of the four connecting portions on the base substrate are all the same.

9. The display substrate according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein: The orthographic projection of the repulsive island on the substrate is in the shape of a cross.

10. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein Also includes: The sub-pixel further includes: an anode layer, located on a side of the base substrate facing the organic light-emitting layer; a hole transport layer, located between the organic light-emitting layer and the anode layer; An electron transport layer is located between the organic light emitting layer and the cathode layer.

11. A method for preparing a display substrate, characterized in that: include: Providing a base substrate, wherein the base substrate is divided into a first display area and a second display area, wherein the first display area is used to set the sensor component; A plurality of pixel units located in the first display area are located on one side of the base substrate, the pixel units comprising a plurality of sub-pixels arranged at intervals, each of the sub-pixels having an organic light-emitting layer; A repulsive pattern layer is formed on a side of the organic light-emitting layer facing away from the base substrate, the repulsive pattern layer comprising a plurality of repulsive islands, the orthographic projection of each of the repulsive islands on the base substrate covering a portion of the orthographic projection of the organic light-emitting layer on the base substrate; A cathode layer is formed on a side of the organic light-emitting layer facing away from the base substrate, wherein a pattern of the cathode layer is complementary to a pattern of the repelling pattern layer; The preparation method further comprises: forming a cathode pattern layer between the organic light-emitting layer and the repelling pattern layer, wherein the cathode pattern layer comprises a plurality of cathode islands arranged at intervals, each cathode island covering a portion of the organic light-emitting layer in the sub-pixel; The orthographic projection of each of the repulsive islands covers the orthographic projection of the cathode pattern layer of a part of the sub-pixel on the substrate substrate. The repulsive islands are arranged corresponding to the cathode islands. The contact parts of the repulsive islands and the cathode islands form overlapping parts, and the other parts of the repulsive islands form non-overlapping parts. The overlapping parts not covered by the orthographic projection of the cathode islands form connecting parts, and the connecting parts are conductive to the cathode layer.

12. The preparation method according to claim 11, characterized in that The repelling pattern layer is formed before forming the cathode layer.

13. A display device, characterized in that: The display substrate comprises the display substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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