A welding positioning tool

Abstract

This invention discloses a welding positioning fixture. The invention includes a substrate and a positioning plate. A tracer substrate (TR) is placed on the substrate, and components are mounted to corresponding positions on the TR substrate. The positioning plate is fixed to the substrate, and a rod extends from the positioning plate, with its end abutting against the component to position it on the TR substrate. The welding positioning fixture and the positioned components are placed together in a hot air welding device for heating. The solder melts and adheres to the welding area upon heating. After cooling, the solder solidifies, welding the component onto the TR substrate. This invention reduces the volume of the welding positioning fixture, reduces the flow resistance of hot air during welding, allows hot air to directly heat the TR substrate and components, accelerates the heating speed, shortens the heating time, reduces heat loss, ensures uniform welding temperature, significantly reduces welding hysteresis, improves welding efficiency, and guarantees welding quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of semiconductor component welding technology, and in particular to a positioning fixture for hot air reflow welding of semiconductor components. Background Technology

[0002] In the semiconductor industry, hot air reflow soldering is a critical manufacturing process for bonding components to a TR substrate. The working principle of hot air reflow soldering is as follows: Hot air reflow soldering equipment transfers heat energy through the laminar flow of hot air. Using heaters and fans, the air inside the furnace is continuously heated and circulated. The components to be soldered are heated by the hot gas inside the furnace, melting the solder. After cooling, the solder solidifies, thus achieving the soldering process. Before soldering TR products, the components and TR substrate, along with positioning fixtures, are placed on a fixture carrier and transported to the assembly station via a production line conveyor. The assembly equipment assembles the components into the corresponding positions on the TR substrate and fixes them to the soldering positioning fixture. Solder is placed on the areas to be soldered. Then, the components are transferred to the hot air reflow soldering station and placed on the chain conveyor track of the soldering equipment for soldering. The hot air reflow soldering equipment blows hot air onto the surfaces of the components and TR substrate. The heated air conducts heat to the components and TR substrate, melting the solder and adhering it to the soldering area. Simultaneously, the TR welding positioning fixture is also heated. Then, the components and TR substrate are transported together with the welding positioning fixture to a cooling station for forced cooling. The solder solidifies due to the cooling, welding the components and TR substrate together. Finally, the positioning fixture is removed, and the welded parts are taken out.

[0003] Currently used hot air reflow welding positioning fixtures are large and bulky, primarily because the positioning components within them are too large. The entire fixture completely encloses the TR substrate, obstructing hot air flow and preventing effective delivery of hot air to the TR substrate and component surfaces. Heating of the TR substrate and components relies mainly on heat conduction from the positioning fixture, resulting in low heating efficiency, long heating times, and welding delays. Furthermore, the size and specific heat capacity of the positioning fixture are excessively large relative to the product being welded. During the heating process, the entire positioning fixture is also heated, requiring the hot air reflow welding equipment to provide several times the heat of the product, leading to significant heat consumption. In some TR substrates with densely packed components, the number of positioning components increases accordingly, consuming even more heat during the welding process. The subsequent forced cooling process also consumes more energy and time to cool the positioning fixture, resulting in substantial energy waste. In actual production, the TR welding positioning fixture is installed on the chain track of the hot air reflow welding equipment for welding. However, the width of the chain track of welding equipment varies from manufacturer to manufacturer. The width of the TR welding positioning fixture is a fixed value and cannot be installed on welding equipment from all manufacturers. Therefore, a connecting device must be added to install and fix the TR welding positioning fixture on the chain track of the welding equipment, which causes inconvenience to production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is to address the aforementioned shortcomings by providing a novel TR hot air reflow welding positioning fixture. This invention reduces the size of the welding positioning fixture, decreases the resistance to hot air flow during welding, allows hot air to be directly blown onto the TR substrate and component surfaces for heating, accelerates heating speed, shortens heating time, reduces heat loss, ensures uniform welding temperature, significantly reduces welding lag, improves welding efficiency, and guarantees welding quality. Simultaneously, the welding positioning fixture can be easily connected to welding equipment from different manufacturers, shortening installation time and improving production efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A welding positioning fixture, comprising:

[0007] ——Substrate;

[0008] —At least one first positioning plate is disposed on the upper side of the substrate, and at least one first rod is provided on the lower side of the first positioning plate, which is perpendicular to it and extends downward, and a gap is left between the substrate and the first positioning plate.

[0009] —At least one second positioning plate is disposed on at least one of the front and rear sides of the substrate. The second positioning plate on the front side is provided with at least one second rod that is perpendicular to it and extends backward. The second positioning plate on the rear side is provided with at least one third rod that is perpendicular to it and extends forward. A gap is left between the substrate and the second positioning plate.

[0010] A welding positioning method, comprising:

[0011] A welding positioning fixture as described above is provided;

[0012] The TR substrate is placed on the substrate, at least one component is disposed on the upper side of the TR substrate at a corresponding position, and at least one component is disposed on the front or rear side of the TR substrate at a corresponding position.

[0013] The first rod of the first positioning plate and the second rod of the second positioning plate extend toward the component, with the rod ends abutting against the component, so that the component is tightly attached to the corresponding mounting position of the TR substrate; the welding positioning fixture is placed in the hot air reflow welding equipment, heated to melt the solder, and after forced cooling, the solder solidifies to weld the component and the TR substrate together.

[0014] Preferably, a window for positioning the TR substrate is provided at the middle position on the substrate, and the window is located between the second positioning plate on the front side and the second positioning plate on the rear side.

[0015] More preferably, the surface of the window facing away from the first positioning plate is provided with a support plate for the TR substrate; the support plate extends from the edge of the window toward the hole in the window to form a support surface for supporting the TR substrate; more preferably, the number of support plates is at least two.

[0016] More preferably, the substrate has multiple cutout areas located around the window; the cutout areas are rectangular in shape.

[0017] Preferably, the first positioning plate has a hollow area, which is rectangular.

[0018] Preferably, the first positioning plate is further provided with a guide plate, which is tilted and the angle is adjustable to guide the hot air to reach the welding part evenly.

[0019] Preferably, a transverse folding and telescopic mechanism is provided on each of the opposite left and right sides of the substrate, and the two folding and telescopic mechanisms are arranged symmetrically on the left and right.

[0020] More preferably, the folding telescopic mechanism is an X-shaped hinge structure, comprising a first movable rod, a second movable rod, and a support rod. The first movable rod and the second movable rod are hinged at their midpoints. One end of the first movable rod is hinged to the base plate, and the other end of the first movable rod is movably connected to one end of the support rod. One end of the second movable rod is hinged to the other end of the support rod, and the other end of the second movable rod is movably connected to the base plate. The base plate can change the total transverse width of the welding positioning fixture by adjusting the included angle between the first movable rod and the second movable rod.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The hollow structure of the substrate and the use of rod-shaped positioning welded components for the first and second positioning plates significantly reduce the volume of each positioning component and the resistance of the positioning components to hot air. This facilitates the rapid arrival of hot air on the surface of the weldment, reduces heating time, minimizes unnecessary heat loss, and effectively improves heating efficiency. Welding lag is significantly reduced. The first positioning plate has a hollow area and a guide plate to direct the hot air downwards to the weldment. This allows the hot air to change direction as needed to cover the heat absorption blind zone of the weldment, effectively balancing the uniformity of the welding temperature and ensuring welding quality. The folding and telescopic mechanism is used to adjust the width of the welding positioning fixture, facilitating installation on hot air welding equipment with different track widths and increasing the versatility of the welding positioning fixture. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the TR hot air reflow welding positioning fixture.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of the TR hot air reflow welding positioning fixture.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a side sectional view of the positioning fixture for TR hot air reflow welding.

[0026] Figure 4 A partial top view of the TR hot air reflow welding positioning fixture.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a folding telescopic mechanism.

[0028] In the figure: 1. Base plate; 2. Front positioning plate; 3. Rear positioning plate; 4. Upper positioning plate; 5. Tooling carrier; 6. Lower support block; 7. Telescopic mechanism; 8. TR base; 9. Components; 10. Guide plate; 21. Second positioning rod; 31. Third positioning rod; 41. First positioning rod; 71. First movable rod; 72. Second movable rod; 73. Support rod. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] See Figures 1-5 As shown, a novel TR hot air reflow soldering positioning fixture includes a substrate 1, a front positioning plate 2, a rear positioning plate 3, and an upper positioning plate 4. The substrate 1 has a window in the middle for placing a TR substrate 8, and at least two lower support blocks 6 are provided on the lower surface of the window. The TR substrate 8 is placed inside the window in the middle of the substrate 1, and components 9 are mounted on the upper surface of the TR substrate 8. The substrate 1 has multiple hollow areas located around the window; the hollow areas are rectangular. The hollow areas on the substrate 1 are designed to reduce the volume of the substrate 1, thereby reducing the substrate 1's obstruction of hot air and heat absorption. The upper positioning plate 4 is mounted on the upper side of the substrate 1, with a gap between the substrate 1 and the upper positioning plate 4. Several first positioning rods 41 extend downward from the upper positioning plate 4, with the rod ends abutting against the surface of the components 9 pre-mounted on the upper side of the TR substrate 8, applying downward pressure to the components 9 and pressing them onto the TR substrate 8, thus positioning the components 9 on the upper surface of the TR substrate 8. Simultaneously, component 9 transmits pressure to the TR substrate 8, pressing the TR substrate 8 onto the substrate 1, thus positioning the TR substrate 8 on the substrate 1. A front positioning plate 2 is fixedly mounted on the front side of the substrate 1, with a gap between the substrate 1 and the front positioning plate 2. Several second positioning rods 21 extend rearward from the front positioning plate 2, with the rod ends abutting against the surface of component 9 pre-installed on the front side of the TR substrate 8, applying a rearward pressure to component 9 and pressing it onto the front side of the TR substrate 8, thus positioning component 9 on the front surface of the TR substrate 8. A rear positioning plate 3 is mounted on the rear side of the substrate 1, with a gap between the substrate 1 and the rear positioning plate 3. Several third positioning rods 31 extend forward from the rear positioning plate 3, with the rod ends abutting against the surface of component 9 pre-installed on the rear surface of the TR substrate 8, applying a forward pressure to component 9 and pressing it tightly against the rear surface of the TR substrate 8, thus positioning component 9 on the rear surface of the TR substrate 8. The upper positioning plate 4 has a rectangular hollow area in the middle, which facilitates the reduction of the volume of the upper positioning plate 4 and its obstruction of hot air. Two guide plates 10 are installed below the rectangular hollow area in the middle of the upper positioning plate 4. The guide plates 10 are inclined downwards, the angle is adjustable, and they are arranged symmetrically on the left and right. The guide plates 10 can guide the hot air flow to the TR substrate 8 to balance the uniformity of the welding temperature between the TR substrate 8 and the component 9.

[0031] Furthermore, the substrate 1 is provided with adjustable folding and telescopic mechanisms 7 on its left and right sides respectively. The two folding and telescopic mechanisms 7 are arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides. The folding and telescopic mechanisms 7 are used to adjust the total lateral width of the welding positioning fixture so that the welding positioning fixture can be easily installed on the welding equipment chain track of different widths without the need for additional connecting mechanisms.

[0032] Furthermore, each of the folding telescopic mechanisms 7 is an X-shaped rod hinge structure. The telescopic mechanism 7 includes a first movable rod 71, a second movable rod 72, and a support rod 73. The first movable rod 71 and the second movable rod 72 are hinged at their midpoints. One end of the first movable rod 71 is hinged to the base plate 1, and the other end of the first movable rod 71 is movably connected to one end of the support rod 73. One end of the second movable rod 72 is hinged to the other end of the support rod 73, and the other end of the second movable rod 72 is movably connected to the base plate 1. The base plate 1 can change the total transverse width of the welding positioning fixture by adjusting the included angle between the first movable rod 71 and the second movable rod 72, which facilitates the installation of the welding positioning fixture onto hot air welding equipment with different track widths.

[0033] Furthermore, the tooling mother carrier 5 is used to carry TR hot air welding positioning tooling. One tooling mother carrier 5 can carry multiple TR hot air reflow welding positioning tooling. The tooling mother carrier 5 has a unified connecting and fixing device.

[0034] During production, firstly, the folding and telescopic mechanisms 7 at both ends of the substrate 1 are adjusted to the installation width of the chain track of the hot air reflow soldering equipment. Then, the front positioning plate 2, the rear positioning plate 3, and the upper positioning plate 4 are placed on the tooling carrier 5. The tooling carrier 5 is placed on the roller conveyor of the production line, and the roller conveyor transports the tooling carrier 5 to the assembly station. The robot at the assembly station first places the TR base 8 into the middle window of the substrate 1, and then places the component 9 in the corresponding position on the TR base 8. Next, the upper positioning plate 4 is fixed, and the end of the first positioning rod 41 of the upper positioning plate 4 abuts against the surface of the component 9 on the upper side of the TR base 8, so that the component 9 is tightly attached to the TR base 8, and the TR base 8 is also positioned on the substrate 1. Next, the front positioning plate 2 is fixed to the front side of the substrate 1, and the end of the second positioning rod 21 on the front positioning plate 2 abuts against the surface of the component 9 on the front side of the TR base 8, so that the component 9 is tightly attached to the corresponding position on the front side of the TR base 8. Next, the rear positioning plate 3 is fixed to the rear side of the TR substrate 1. The end of the third positioning rod 31 on the rear positioning plate 3 abuts against the surface of the component 9 on the rear side of the TR substrate 8, so that the component 9 is tightly attached to the corresponding position on the rear side of the TR substrate 8. Then, the installed and positioned TR substrate 8 and the welding positioning fixture are removed from the fixture mother carrier 5 and transferred to the hot air reflow equipment. They are placed on the chain track of the welding equipment for heating. After the welded parts are heated to the specified temperature, they are transferred to the forced cooling station for cooling. The solder solidifies and welds the TR substrate 8 and the component 9 together. Finally, the positioning fixture is removed, and the welding process is completed.

[0035] In summary, this application discloses a novel TR hot air welding positioning fixture. The hollow structure of the base plate 1 and the front positioning plate 2, rear positioning plate 3, and upper positioning plate 4 utilize rods to press the welded parts together, significantly reducing the volume of the positioning parts and their resistance to hot air. This facilitates the rapid arrival of hot air on the surface of the welded parts, reduces heating time, minimizes unnecessary heat loss, and effectively improves heating efficiency. Welding lag is significantly reduced, and welding quality is improved. A guide plate 10 is provided on the upper positioning plate 4 to guide the hot air downwards to the welded parts, allowing the hot air to change direction as needed, thereby covering the heat absorption blind zone of the welded parts. This effectively balances the uniformity of the welding temperature and improves welding quality. The TR welding positioning fixture's folding and telescopic mechanism 7 is used to adjust the total width of the welding positioning fixture, facilitating installation on hot air welding equipment with different track widths and increasing the versatility of the welding positioning fixture.

[0036] The specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail above, but they are merely examples, and the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modifications and substitutions to the invention are also within the scope of the invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention should be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A welding positioning fixture, characterized in that, include: substrate; At least one upper positioning plate is disposed on the upper side of the substrate, and at least one first rod is provided on the lower side of the upper positioning plate, which is perpendicular to and extends downward therefrom, and a gap is left between the substrate and the upper positioning plate; A front positioning plate is disposed on the front side of the substrate, and a rear positioning plate is disposed on the rear side of the substrate. The front positioning plate is provided with at least one second rod that is perpendicular to it and extends backward. The rear positioning plate is provided with at least one third rod that is perpendicular to it and extends forward. A gap is left between the substrate and the front positioning plate, and a gap is left between the substrate and the rear positioning plate. The upper positioning plate has a rectangular cutout area, which is rectangular; a guide plate is installed below the rectangular cutout area in the middle of the upper positioning plate. The guide plate is tilted downwards, the angle is adjustable, and it is arranged symmetrically on the left and right. A window is provided in the middle of the substrate, and the window is located between the front positioning plate and the rear positioning plate; The substrate has multiple cutout areas, which are located around the window and are rectangular in shape.

2. The welding positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The window has multiple support plates on its surface away from the upper positioning plate. The support plates extend from the edge of the window toward the hole in the window to form a support surface for supporting the TR substrate.

3. The welding positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate has a horizontal folding and telescopic mechanism on each of its opposite left and right sides, and the two folding and telescopic mechanisms are arranged symmetrically on the left and right.

4. The welding positioning fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that, The folding and telescopic mechanism is an X-shaped hinge structure, comprising a first movable rod, a second movable rod, and a support rod. The first and second movable rods are hinged at their midpoints. One end of the first movable rod is hinged to the base plate, and the other end of the first movable rod is movably connected to one end of the support rod. One end of the second movable rod is hinged to the other end of the support rod, and the other end of the second movable rod is movably connected to the base plate. The base plate can change the total lateral width of the welding positioning fixture by adjusting the included angle between the first and second movable rods.

5. A welding positioning method for a welding positioning fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, include: A welding positioning fixture as described above is provided; The TR substrate is placed on the substrate, and at least one component is disposed on the upper side of the TR substrate at a corresponding position, and at least one component is disposed on the front or rear side of the TR substrate at a corresponding position; the first rod of the upper positioning plate and the second rod of the front positioning plate extend toward the component, and the rod ends abut against the component, so that the component is tightly attached to the corresponding mounting position of the TR substrate; the welding positioning fixture is placed in the hot air reflow soldering equipment, heated to melt the solder, and after forced cooling, the solder solidifies to weld the component and the TR substrate together.

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