Hand brake system and rail vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application provides a hand brake system and a rail vehicle, the system includes a hand brake body, a tension averaging mechanism, a movable pulley mechanism, a steel cable and a lever amplification mechanism, the tension output end of the hand brake body is connected to the tension input end of the tension averaging mechanism, the two tension output ends of the tension averaging mechanism are respectively connected to the two tension input ends of the movable pulley mechanism through the steel cable, the two tension output ends of the movable pulley mechanism are respectively connected to the tension input ends of the two lever amplification mechanisms through the steel cable, each lever amplification mechanism is respectively arranged on the corresponding basic brake, and the tension output end of each lever amplification mechanism is connected to the brake rod of the corresponding basic brake. The tension averaging mechanism can realize the dual-axis application of braking force. When the braking force of one axle is stuck, the braking force of the other axle can still be applied normally, thereby ensuring normal vehicle operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of rail vehicle safety, and in particular to a hand brake system and a rail vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the world economy, transportation is becoming more and more important. Rail vehicles occupy an important position in transportation and play an increasingly important role. At the same time, industry standards have increasingly stringent requirements on the safety factor of rail vehicles, and the safety design of hand brakes has become particularly important.

[0003] Most rail vehicle handbrakes at home and abroad are designed to be directly connected to the basic brake through rigging, and the tension amplification mechanism is set in the handbrake body and the basic brake body. The transmission system has no amplification mechanism or the amplification mechanism is relatively simple and has low integration. At present, most handbrakes apply braking force on a single axis. However, if the vehicle has a high deadweight, the handbrake applied on a single axis cannot provide sufficient parking braking force, and the handbrake needs to be applied through two axes. However, when applying the handbrake through two axes, if one end is stuck, the other end will not be able to provide sufficient braking force. In addition, after the handbrake is applied, once the empty spring leaks, the height of the vehicle body will drop. Since the wire rope or steel chain is connected to the brake shoe or brake pad by the vehicle body, the lock cannot automatically adjust the force and length according to the height of the vehicle body, which will cause the handbrake force to be lost. If iron shoes and other management measures are not used, there will be huge safety risks. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve one of the above-mentioned technical defects, a hand brake system and a rail vehicle are provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0005] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a hand brake system is provided, the system comprising a hand brake body, a tension averaging mechanism, a movable pulley mechanism, a steel cable and a lever amplification mechanism, the tension output end of the hand brake body being connected to the tension input end of the tension averaging mechanism, the two tension output ends of the tension averaging mechanism being respectively connected to the two tension input ends of the movable pulley mechanism through steel cables, the two tension output ends of the movable pulley mechanism being respectively connected to the tension input ends of the two lever amplification mechanisms through steel cables, each of the lever amplification mechanisms being respectively arranged on the corresponding basic brake, and the tension output end of each of the lever amplification mechanisms being connected to the brake rod of the corresponding basic brake.

[0006] According to a second aspect of the embodiment of the present application, a rail vehicle is provided, the rail vehicle comprising the hand brake system described in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the tension averaging mechanism and the movable pulley mechanism being arranged on the underframe of the vehicle body.

[0007] By using the hand brake system provided in the embodiment of the present application, the pulling force transmitted by the hand brake body can be divided into two parts through the pulling force averaging mechanism, and each part is double-amplified by the movable pulley mechanism and the lever amplification mechanism and then acts on the basic brake, thereby improving the braking efficiency and performance. At the same time, the pulling force averaging mechanism can also realize the dual-axis application of the braking force. When the braking force of one axle is stuck, the braking force of the other axle can still be applied normally, thereby ensuring normal parking of the vehicle.

[0008] At the same time, since the handbrake system adopts a flexible transmission mechanism design such as steel cables, the handbrake force is not affected by the distance between the vehicle body and the basic brake, and the handbrake force does not change with the height of the vehicle body. Therefore, even if the vehicle height or the state of the empty spring changes, the handbrake force will not change or even cause the lock to break, eliminating the risks of lock breakage and loss of handbrake force, thereby ensuring safe parking and relief of the vehicle without the aid of iron shoes and other management measures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0010] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the principle of a hand brake system provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0011] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the tension averaging mechanism provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0012] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the movable pulley mechanism provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0013] Figure 4 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the movable pulley mechanism provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0014] Figure 5 Another cross-sectional schematic diagram of the movable pulley mechanism provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0015] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the lever amplification mechanism provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0016] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the lever amplification mechanism and the basic amplifier provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0017] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the steel cable provided in Example 1 of the present application.

[0018] Reference numerals:

[0019] 1. Hand brake body, 2. Moving pulley mechanism, 3. Steel cable, 4. Lever amplification mechanism, 5. First fixed part, 6. First pulley shaft, 7. First pulley, 8. Steel cable connector, 9. Chain, 10. Pulley box, 11. Partition, 12. Moving groove, 13. Guide rail, 14. Observation window, 15. Rocker arm, 16. Push rod, 17. First connecting shaft, 18. Second connecting shaft, 19. Third connecting shaft, 20. Fourth connecting shaft, 21. Basic brake, 22. Fixed plate, 23. Torsion spring, 24. Outer sleeve, 25. Steel wire rope, 26. Second fixed part, 27. Second pulley shaft, 28. Second pulley. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present application more clearly understood, the exemplary embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than an exhaustive list of all the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this embodiment provides a hand brake system, which includes a hand brake body 1, a tension averaging mechanism, a movable pulley mechanism 2, a steel cable 3 and a lever amplification mechanism 4. The tension output end of the hand brake body 1 is connected to the tension input end of the tension averaging mechanism. The two tension output ends of the tension averaging mechanism are respectively connected to the two tension input ends of the movable pulley mechanism 2 through the steel cable 3. The two tension output ends of the movable pulley mechanism 2 are respectively connected to the tension input ends of the two lever amplification mechanisms 4 through the steel cable 3. Each lever amplification mechanism 4 is respectively arranged on the corresponding basic brake 21, and the tension output end of each of the lever amplification mechanisms 4 is connected to the brake rod of the corresponding basic brake 21.

[0023] Specifically, in this embodiment, the hand brake body 1 is a hand brake used in conventional rail vehicles. The hand brake body 1 can be connected to the tension averaging mechanism through an iron chain or other connecting parts. The tension averaging mechanism has a tension input end connected to the hand brake body 1 and two tension output ends connected to the movable pulley mechanism 2, so that the braking force transmitted from the hand brake body 1 through the steel cable 3 is divided into two strands, and the two strands of braking force act on different axles respectively. The tension averaging mechanism is connected to the movable pulley mechanism 2 through the steel cable 3. A movable pulley is arranged in the movable pulley mechanism 2. The movable pulley can amplify the braking force transmitted from the hand brake body 1 through the steel cable 3 for the first time. Then the movable pulley mechanism 2 is connected to the lever amplification mechanism 4 arranged on the basic brake 21 through the steel cable 3. The lever amplification mechanism 4 can amplify the braking force for the second time through the lever principle. Finally, the brake rod on the basic brake 21 is pushed by the lever amplification mechanism 4 to achieve the braking effect.

[0024] Further, the tension averaging mechanism includes a first fixed portion 5, a first pulley shaft 6 and a first pulley 7. The first pulley 7 is arranged in the first fixed portion 5 through the first pulley shaft 6, and the first pulley 7 can rotate in the first fixed portion 5. For ease of understanding, the tension averaging mechanism can be understood as a fixed pulley. The first fixed portion 5 is connected to the tension output end of the hand brake body 1 through a chain 9. A steel cable connector 8 is sleeved on the first pulley 7. A steel cable 3 is connected to each end of the steel cable connector 8, and the two steel cables 3 are connected to the two tension output ends of the movable pulley mechanism 2 as the tension output end of the tension averaging mechanism. In this embodiment, the tension averaging mechanism has a tension averaging function, which divides the braking force transmitted by the hand brake body 1 into two strands, and the two braking forces are respectively amplified by the movable pulley mechanism 2 and the lever amplification mechanism 4 and act on the corresponding two axle base brakes 21, respectively, relative to each braking force can be used as a backup for another braking force, thereby realizing the dual-axis application of the braking force. That is, when the braking force of one axle is stuck, the braking force of the other axle can still be applied normally to solve the risk of not being able to apply the hand brake and ensure normal parking of the vehicle. In addition, because the hand brake system of this embodiment adopts a flexible transmission mechanism design such as a steel cable, the hand brake force is not affected by the distance between the vehicle body and the basic brake, and the force size will not change with the height of the vehicle body. Therefore, even if the height of the vehicle body or the state of the empty spring changes, the hand brake force size will not change or even cause the lock to break, eliminating the risk of lock breakage and hand brake force loss, so that the safe parking and relief of the vehicle can be guaranteed without the help of iron shoes and other management measures.

[0025] The movable pulley mechanism 2 includes a pulley box 10 and two movable pulleys of the same structure. Each movable pulley includes a second fixed portion 26, a second pulley shaft 27 and a second pulley 28. The second pulley 28 is arranged in the second fixed portion 26 through the second pulley shaft 27, and the second pulley 28 can rotate in the second fixed portion 26. A partition 11 is arranged in the pulley box 10 to separate the two movable pulleys. A movable groove 12 is provided on both sides of the partition 11 and the inner side wall of the pulley box 10. The second pulley shaft 27 of the two movable pulleys can be placed in the movable groove 12, so that the two movable pulleys can move along the movable groove 12. The two steel cables 3 led out of the tension averaging mechanism are respectively sleeved with a second pulley 28 and fixedly connected to the inside of the pulley box 10. The tops of the second fixed portions 26 of the two movable pulleys are respectively connected to the tension input end of the lever amplification mechanism 4 through a steel cable 3 as the tension output end of the movable pulley mechanism 2.

[0026] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the movable pulley mechanism 2 makes full use of the advantages of the movable pulley to amplify the braking force, and integrates two sets of movable pulley amplification structures that do not interfere with each other, with high integration, small space occupation and high transmission efficiency. The movement trajectory of the movable pulley can be limited by setting the movable groove 12. At the same time, the end of the movable groove 12 can be bent upward and extended to be flush with the top surface of the side wall of the pulley box 10. When the two movable pulleys move along the movable groove 12 to the end of the movable groove 12, the two movable pulleys can be separated from the movable groove 12. In this way, when the maintenance personnel need to repair and maintain the movable pulley, there is no need to disassemble the partition 11 in the pulley box 10, and the movable pulley can be directly taken out from the top along the movable groove 12, which is convenient for maintenance. In addition, the top inner side wall and the bottom inner side wall of the pulley box 10 are both provided with guide rails 13. The recessed part of the rolling surface of the second pulley 28 of the two movable pulleys can be connected with the guide rail 13 so that the movable pulley moves along the guide rail 13, further limiting the movement trajectory of the movable pulley to prevent the steel cable 3 from falling off. In this embodiment, an observation window 14 may be provided on the pulley box 10. The observation window 14 is a transparent observation window, which may be provided on the side wall of the pulley box 10 or other convenient position for observation, so that during maintenance, the mechanism status inside the pulley box 10, especially the movement status of the two movable pulleys in the pulley box 10, can be checked without disassembly.

[0027] In this embodiment, the lever amplification mechanism 4 uses the lever principle to amplify the braking force. Specifically, it includes a rocker arm 15, a push rod 16, a first connecting shaft 17, a second connecting shaft 18, a third connecting shaft 19 and a fourth connecting shaft 20. Among them, the first connecting shaft 17, the second connecting shaft 18 and the third connecting shaft 19 are arranged on the rocker arm 15 from top to bottom. The steel cable 3 led out of the movable pulley mechanism 2 can be connected to the rocker arm 15 through the first connecting shaft 17. One end of the push rod 16 is connected to the rocker arm 15 through the second connecting shaft 18, and the other end is connected to the brake rod on the foundation brake 21 through the fourth connecting shaft 20. A fixing plate 22 is installed on the foundation brake 21. The rocker arm 15 can be connected to the fixing plate 22 through the third connecting shaft 19. When the steel cable 3 is subjected to force, the steel cable 3, the rocker arm 15, the push rod 16 and the brake rod of the foundation brake 21 rotate relative to each other through the first connecting shaft 17, the second connecting shaft 18, the third connecting shaft 19 and the fourth connecting shaft 20. That is, when the braking force is applied, the steel cable 3 drives the push rod 16 to transmit the braking force to the brake rod of the foundation brake 21 by pulling the rocker arm 15, thereby pushing the brake rod.

[0028] In addition, in this embodiment, the lever amplification mechanism 4 is also provided with a reset device, which is used to restore the rocker arm 15 to the initial position when the steel cable 3 is not subjected to force. The reset device can be a torsion spring 23, which is sleeved on the third connecting shaft 19, and one end of the torsion spring 23 is fixedly connected to the rocker arm 15, and the other end of the torsion spring 23 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 22. The torsion spring 23 can provide a restoring force of 300N, ensuring that when the hand brake is released, it can provide sufficient restoring force to restore the rocker arm 15 to its original position, thereby completely releasing the brake lever of the foundation brake 21.

[0029] Furthermore, most of the traditional hand brake systems in China are currently driven by inflexible wire ropes or chains. When the hand brake is applied, all parts of the transmission mechanism are in a tensioned state. Any change in the position of any two force points will cause a sudden change in the hand brake force. For example, between the car body and the bogie, when the height of the car body changes due to the tension of the wire rope, the force on the wire rope will change suddenly. For another example, when the air spring is in a state of air filling, after the hand brake is applied, if the air spring leaks air and causes the height of the car body to drop, the hand brake force will be significantly reduced or even lost, posing a huge safety hazard. For another example, when the air spring is in a state of no wind, after the hand brake is applied, the wire rope is in a tensioned state, and operations such as air supply or connection will cause the air spring to be filled with air. The height of the car body and the bogie increases, which significantly increases the tension of the wire rope, and there is a risk of breaking, resulting in the loss of hand brake force, and even the risk of injuring people and parts due to broken wire ropes and other components.

[0030] For this reason, the steel cable 3 used in this embodiment is a flexible steel cable 3. Specifically, the steel cable 3 includes a jacket 24 and a steel wire rope 25, and the force transmission medium is the steel cable steel wire rope 25, that is, the braking force is transmitted through the steel wire rope 25 connected with the hand brake body 1, the tension averaging mechanism, the movable pulley mechanism 2, the lever amplification mechanism 4, the basic brake 21, etc. The jacket 24 adopts a metal woven mesh, and the jacket 24 is wrapped around the outside of the steel wire rope 25 to limit the path. The jacket 24 and the steel wire rope 25 can move relative to each other. Due to the flexible characteristics of the steel cable 3, it can be arranged freely, and the steel wire rope 25 moves inside the jacket 24 according to the layout of the steel cable 3. Even when the bogie and the car body move relative to each other, the steel cable 3 can also change the path accordingly, but the internal steel wire rope 25 is not affected by it. In this embodiment, a crimping pull ring structure can be used at the end of the steel cable 3 to connect with other equipment. The pull ring structure is lubricated with graphite inside to reduce the efficiency loss caused by sliding friction or static friction during the pulling process.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] This embodiment provides a rail vehicle, which includes a hand brake system, a tension averaging mechanism and a movable pulley mechanism arranged on the vehicle chassis. The hand brake system can refer to the contents described in Embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0033] The hand brake in this embodiment has a simple structure, high integration and low cost. The pulling force transmitted by the hand brake body can be divided into two parts by the pulling force averaging mechanism, and each part is double-amplified by the movable pulley mechanism and the lever amplification mechanism and then acts on the basic brake, thereby improving the braking efficiency and performance. At the same time, the pulling force averaging mechanism can also realize the dual-axis application of the braking force. When the braking force of one axle is stuck, the braking force of the other axle can still be applied normally, thereby ensuring normal vehicle operation.

[0034] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0035] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0036] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or can communicate with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application.

[0038] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A hand brake system, characterized in that: The system comprises a hand brake body, a tension averaging mechanism, a movable pulley mechanism, a steel cable and a lever amplification mechanism, wherein the tension output end of the hand brake body is connected to the tension input end of the tension averaging mechanism, the two tension output ends of the tension averaging mechanism are respectively connected to the two tension input ends of the movable pulley mechanism through the steel cable, the two tension output ends of the movable pulley mechanism are respectively connected to the tension input ends of the two lever amplification mechanisms through the steel cable, each of the lever amplification mechanisms is respectively arranged on the corresponding basic brake, and the tension output end of each of the lever amplification mechanisms is connected to the brake rod of the corresponding basic brake; The tension averaging mechanism comprises a first fixed part, a first pulley shaft and a first pulley, the first pulley is rotatably arranged in the first fixed part through the first pulley shaft, the first fixed part as the tension input end of the tension averaging mechanism is connected to the tension output end of the hand brake body through a chain, a steel cable connector is sleeved on the first pulley, and two ends of the steel cable connector are respectively connected with a steel cable as the tension output end of the tension averaging mechanism, and the two steel cables are respectively connected to the two tension input ends of the movable pulley mechanism; The movable pulley mechanism includes a pulley box and two movable pulleys, a partition is provided in the pulley box, and the two movable pulleys are respectively located on both sides of the partition, each movable pulley includes a second fixed part, a second pulley shaft and a second pulley, the second pulley is rotatably arranged in the second fixed part through the second pulley shaft, movable grooves are provided on the two side surfaces of the partition and the two inner side walls of the pulley box, and the second pulley shaft is movably placed in the movable grooves, and two steel cables serving as the tension output ends of the tension averaging mechanism are respectively sleeved on the corresponding second pulleys and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pulley box and serve as the tension input end of the movable pulley mechanism, and the top of the second fixed part is respectively connected to the tension input end of the lever amplification mechanism through a steel cable as the tension output end of the movable pulley mechanism.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The end of the movable groove is bent upward and extends to be flush with the top surface of the side wall of the pulley box.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The top inner side wall and the bottom inner side wall of the pulley box are both provided with guide rails, the recessed portion of the rolling surface of the second pulley is cooperatively connected with the guide rails, and the second pulley can move along the guide rails through the second pulley shaft.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that A transparent observation window is provided on the side wall of the pulley box, and the observation range of the observation window covers the moving area of ​​the two movable pulleys in the pulley box.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The lever amplification mechanism includes a rocker arm, a push rod, a first connecting shaft, a second connecting shaft, a third connecting shaft and a fourth connecting shaft. The first connecting shaft, the second connecting shaft and the third connecting shaft are arranged on the rocker arm in sequence from top to bottom. The steel cable serving as the tension output end of the movable pulley mechanism is connected to the rocker arm through the first connecting shaft, one end of the push rod is connected to the rocker arm through the second connecting shaft, and the other end of the push rod is connected to the brake rod on the basic brake through the fourth connecting shaft. A fixed plate is installed on the basic brake, and the rocker arm is connected to the fixed plate through the third connecting shaft.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The lever amplification mechanism also includes a reset device, which is a torsion spring. The torsion spring is sleeved on the third connecting shaft, one end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the rocker arm, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the fixing plate.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The steel cable comprises a jacket and a steel wire rope, wherein the jacket is a flexible jacket wrapped around the outside of the steel wire rope, and the steel wire rope can move forward and backward in the jacket.

8. A rail vehicle, characterized in that: The rail vehicle comprises the hand brake system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the tension averaging mechanism and the movable pulley mechanism are arranged on the underframe of the vehicle body.

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