Refrigeration system for a hydrogen-powered refrigerated transport ship

Abstract

The application relates to the field of refrigerated transportation, in particular to a refrigeration system of a hydrogen-powered refrigerated transport ship, which comprises a liquid hydrogen storage tank, a liquid hydrogen vaporizer, a fuel cell and a refrigerated cabin, the liquid hydrogen storage tank is connected with the fuel cell through a first pipeline; the liquid hydrogen vaporizer is arranged between the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the fuel cell and internally stores liquid ammonia, the first pipeline at the corresponding position is arranged in the liquid hydrogen vaporizer; the refrigerated cabin is provided with a first input port and a first output port which are connected with the liquid hydrogen vaporizer; wherein the liquid ammonia in the liquid hydrogen vaporizer flows into the refrigerated cabin from the first input port and flows back to the liquid hydrogen vaporizer from the first output port; through heat exchange between ammonia vapor and liquid hydrogen and heat exchange between the liquid ammonia and the refrigerated cabin, the conversion between the liquid ammonia and the ammonia vapor can be preferably realized, and the cyclic utilization of energy is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of refrigerated transport technology, and more specifically, to a refrigeration system for a hydrogen-powered refrigerated transport ship. Background Technology

[0002] Refrigerated transport ships are specialized vessels used to transport perishable foods such as fish, meat, fruits, and vegetables while keeping them frozen or at certain low temperatures. The excellent refrigeration performance of these ships is crucial to ensuring the quality of the perishable goods they transport.

[0003] Traditional refrigerated transport ships generally use diesel engines as the power propulsion device and diesel generators for compression refrigeration, which has the following main problems: low fuel energy conversion efficiency (about 35%); high vibration and noise levels of diesel engines, which greatly reduces the comfort of the ship; fuel combustion produces a large amount of greenhouse gases, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and particulate matter, causing serious environmental pollution; fossil energy is a non-renewable energy source, and the existing fossil energy reserves are limited and cannot support the sustainable development of mankind.

[0004] Therefore, researching clean, efficient, and sustainable new energy ship systems has become an important direction for the development of green ships.

[0005] In view of this, this application designs a refrigeration system for a hydrogen-powered refrigerated transport ship. This system is based on a liquid hydrogen fuel cell power system, utilizing the heat absorbed during liquid hydrogen vaporization and the heat generated during the operation of the hydrogen fuel cell to drive an ammonia absorption refrigeration system, thereby cooling the cargo inside the refrigerated compartments. The refrigerated compartments can be individually controlled to operate according to the storage needs of the cargo. This system features clean, efficient, and stable refrigeration. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this invention provides a refrigeration system for a hydrogen-powered refrigerated transport ship.

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention proposes the following technical solution:

[0008] A refrigeration system for a hydrogen-powered refrigerated transport ship includes a liquid hydrogen storage tank, a liquid hydrogen vaporizer, a fuel cell, and a refrigerated compartment.

[0009] The liquid hydrogen storage tank is connected to the fuel cell via a first pipeline;

[0010] The liquid hydrogen vaporizer is located between the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the fuel cell and contains liquid ammonia. The first pipe at the corresponding location is inside the liquid hydrogen vaporizer.

[0011] The refrigerated compartment is equipped with a first inlet and a first outlet connected to a liquid hydrogen vaporizer;

[0012] Liquid ammonia in the liquid hydrogen vaporizer flows into the refrigeration chamber from the first inlet and flows back to the liquid hydrogen vaporizer from the first outlet.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a treatment device, cooling pipes, and a wastewater discharge valve.

[0014] The processing device is connected to the first output port and the liquid hydrogen vaporizer respectively and is used to convert the ammonia vapor flowing out of the first output port into liquid ammonia.

[0015] The cooling pipe is a loop with its ends connected, with one end located at the fuel cell and the other end located at the processing device.

[0016] The wastewater discharge valve is located at the cooling pipe between the treatment device and the fuel cell;

[0017] The cooling pipe contains cooling water for heat exchange with the fuel cell and the processing unit. A circulating water pump is installed at the cooling pipe to drive the cooling water to circulate and convert liquid ammonia in the processing unit into ammonia vapor.

[0018] Preferably, the processing apparatus includes an absorber and a generator.

[0019] The absorber is provided with a second inlet, a second outlet and a multi-stage cooling unit. The second inlet is connected to the first outlet, and the multi-stage cooling unit is used to convert the ammonia vapor flowing out from the first outlet into liquid ammonia.

[0020] The generator is provided with a third input port and a third output port. The third input port is connected to the second output port through a solution pump to enable liquid ammonia to flow into the generator from the absorber. The third output port is connected to the liquid hydrogen vaporizer.

[0021] The other end of the cooling pipe is located at the generator.

[0022] Preferably, the multi-stage cooling unit includes a second conduit and a seawater pump.

[0023] The second pipe is located inside the absorber and extends out of the absorber at both ends;

[0024] The seawater pump is located at the second pipeline.

[0025] Preferably, the multi-stage cooling unit includes a freshwater tank, a hot water tank, a third pipeline, and a freshwater pump.

[0026] The third pipe is located inside the absorber and extends out of the absorber at both ends;

[0027] The freshwater tank is located at one end of the third pipeline;

[0028] The hot water tank is located at the other end of the third pipe;

[0029] The freshwater pump is located at the third pipeline to allow freshwater to flow from the freshwater tank into the hot water tank.

[0030] Preferably, the multi-stage cooling unit includes a fourth conduit, a first throttle valve, and spray heads.

[0031] One end of the fourth pipe is connected to the generator, and the other end extends into the absorber;

[0032] The spray head is located at the other end of the fourth pipe and inside the absorber;

[0033] The first throttle valve is located at the fourth pipe between the absorber and the generator.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes a first main pipe, a first branch pipe, and valves; the refrigerated compartment includes multiple compartments, each of which is equipped with a first inlet.

[0035] One end of the first main pipeline is connected to the liquid hydrogen vaporizer;

[0036] The number of the first branch pipes corresponds to the number of compartments, and one end is connected to the other end of the first main pipe, while the other end is connected to the first inlet of the corresponding compartment.

[0037] The valve is located at the first branch pipe and is used to open and close the corresponding first branch pipe.

[0038] Preferably, a first filter, a pressure reducing valve, a first pressure gauge, and a first solenoid valve are provided on the first pipeline at a position between the liquid hydrogen vaporizer and the fuel cell;

[0039] The first filter, pressure reducing valve, and first pressure gauge are connected in sequence from the liquid hydrogen vaporizer to the fuel cell.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes a fifth pipeline, a hydrogen circulation pump, a check valve, and a hydrogen discharge valve.

[0041] One end of the fifth pipe is connected to the fuel cell, and the other end is connected to the first pipe between the pressure reducing valve and the first pressure gauge;

[0042] The hydrogen circulation pump and the one-way valve are both located at the fifth pipeline;

[0043] The hydrogen emission valve is located at the fifth pipe between the check valve and the hydrogen circulation pump.

[0044] Preferably, it also includes a sixth pipe, a second pressure gauge, a second solenoid valve, an air compressor, a second filter, and an air discharge valve.

[0045] One end of the sixth pipe is connected to the fuel cell, and the other end is used to supply air.

[0046] The second pressure gauge, the second solenoid valve, the air compressor, and the second filter are all located at the sixth pipeline.

[0047] The air exhaust valve is located at the fuel cell;

[0048] The air compressor and the second pressure gauge are connected sequentially from one end of the sixth pipe toward the other end of the sixth pipe.

[0049] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0050] 1. Couple the liquid hydrogen fuel cell system with the ammonia absorption refrigeration system; use the waste heat discharged from the fuel cell to heat the ammonia solution in the generator, and use the heat absorption of liquid hydrogen vaporization to cool the ammonia vapor in the liquid hydrogen vaporizer into liquid ammonia, which drives the operation of the ammonia absorption refrigeration system. Compared with traditional compression refrigeration, this reduces electricity consumption.

[0051] 2. The refrigerated compartments can be divided into several smaller compartments based on the volume of the stored goods and the required temperature. The independent operation of the refrigeration system in each compartment can be controlled by adjusting the opening and closing of the first three-way valve, according to actual cargo needs, thus avoiding energy waste.

[0052] 3. Utilize the waste heat of ammonia vapor in the absorber to heat fresh water and provide domestic hot water, which is convenient and environmentally friendly. Attached Figure Description

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration system of this application.

[0054] The names of the parts referred to by the numbers in the attached diagram are as follows:

[0055] 1. Liquid hydrogen storage tank; 2. Pneumatic valve; 3. First pipeline; 4. Liquid hydrogen vaporizer; 5. First filter; 6. Pressure reducing valve; 7. First pressure gauge; 8. First solenoid valve; 9. Fuel cell; 10. Marine motor system; 11. Second pressure gauge; 12. Second solenoid valve; 13. Air compressor; 14. Second filter; 15. Fifth pipeline; 16. Check valve; 17. Hydrogen circulation pump; 18. Hydrogen exhaust valve; 19. Air exhaust valve; 20. First main pipeline; 21. First branch pipeline; 22. Second throttle valve; 23. First three-way valve; 24. First inlet; 25. Compartment; 26. Refrigerated compartment; 27. 28. Fan assembly; 29. ​​First output port; 30. Second branch pipe; 31. Second three-way valve; 32. Second main pipe; 33. Absorber; 34. Generator; 35. Second input port; 36. Solution pump; 37. Third input port; 38. Third output port; 39. Fourth pipe; 40. First throttle valve; 41. Spray head; 42. Second pipe; 43. Seawater pump; 44. Seawater discharge valve; 45. Third pipe; 46. Freshwater pump; 47. Freshwater tank; 48. Hot water tank; 49. Faucet; 50. Cooling pipe; 51. Circulating water pump; 52. Wastewater discharge valve; 53. Sixth pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0056] To further understand the content of this invention, a detailed description of the invention will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are merely illustrative and not limiting of the invention.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a refrigeration system for a hydrogen-powered refrigerated transport ship, which includes a liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, a liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4, a fuel cell 9, and a refrigerated compartment 26.

[0058] The liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 is connected to the fuel cell 9 via the first pipeline 3;

[0059] The liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4 is located between the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 and the fuel cell 9 and contains liquid ammonia. The first pipe 3 at the corresponding position is located inside the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4.

[0060] The refrigerated compartment 26 is provided with a first inlet 24 and a first outlet 28 connected to the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4;

[0061] Liquid ammonia in the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4 flows into the refrigerated compartment 26 from the first inlet 24 and flows back into the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4 from the first outlet 28.

[0062] In this embodiment, there are three liquid hydrogen storage tanks 1, all of which are connected to the first pipeline 3 through pneumatic valves 2; liquid ammonia flows into the refrigerated compartment 26 and exchanges heat with the environment inside the refrigerated compartment 26, and finally the liquid ammonia is converted into ammonia vapor and flows into the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4; the DC power generated by the fuel cell 9 is directly transmitted to the ship's motor system 10 to provide power to the ship.

[0063] During use, hydrogen is stored in liquid form in three liquid hydrogen storage tanks 1. When the fuel cell 9 needs hydrogen supply, the pneumatic valves 2 are opened sequentially or all of them to ensure a stable supply of liquid hydrogen. As the liquid hydrogen flows from the first pipe 3 to the fuel cell 9, it passes through the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4 and undergoes sufficient heat exchange with the high-temperature ammonia vapor in the first pipe 3 inside the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4, absorbing a large amount of heat and converting it into hydrogen, which is then output to the fuel cell 9.

[0064] Ammonia vapor is cooled to liquid ammonia after exchanging heat with liquid hydrogen in liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4. It then flows out of liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4 and into refrigeration compartment 26 through first inlet 24, thereby achieving refrigeration of refrigeration compartment 26. In refrigeration compartment 26, liquid ammonia absorbs heat and is then completely or partially converted into ammonia vapor, which flows out through first outlet 28 and finally flows back into liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4 to exchange heat with liquid hydrogen, thus achieving circulation.

[0065] Preferably, the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4 can be a steel container with a layer of heat insulation material covering its surface, which can better reduce heat exchange with the external environment; the part of the first pipe 3 inside the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4 is a steel coil, which can further improve the efficiency of heat exchange between liquid hydrogen and ammonia vapor. The steel coil of the first pipe 3 can be integrally formed or assembled from separate parts.

[0066] It is understandable that the opening and closing of pneumatic valve 2 can be done manually or by an automatic control system.

[0067] It is worth mentioning that this embodiment can achieve better conversion between liquid ammonia and ammonia vapor through heat exchange between ammonia vapor and liquid hydrogen, as well as heat exchange between liquid ammonia and refrigerated compartment 26, thus realizing the recycling of energy.

[0068] In this embodiment, it also includes a processing device, a cooling pipe 50, and a wastewater discharge valve 52.

[0069] The processing device is connected to the first output port 28 and the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4 respectively and is used to convert the ammonia vapor flowing out from the first output port 28 into liquid ammonia.

[0070] The cooling pipe 50 is a loop with its ends connected and one end is located at the fuel cell 9, and the other end is located at the processing device.

[0071] The wastewater discharge valve 52 is located at the cooling pipe 50 between the treatment device and the fuel cell 9;

[0072] The cooling pipe 50 is equipped with cooling water for heat exchange with the fuel cell 9 and the processing device. A circulating water pump 51 is installed at the cooling pipe 50 to drive the cooling water to circulate and convert the liquid ammonia in the processing device into ammonia vapor.

[0073] With the structure in this embodiment, the ammonia vapor flowing out from the first output port 28 is converted into liquid ammonia after being processed by the processing device. Since the fuel cell 9 generates heat during the power generation process, a cooling pipe 50 is set in the fuel cell 9, and the cooling water in the cooling pipe 50 is driven to circulate by the circulating water pump 51. Thus, when the cooling water flows through the fuel cell 9, it can further remove the heat of the fuel cell 9. Then, when the high-temperature cooling water flows to the processing device, it exchanges heat with the liquid ammonia, thereby achieving the cooling water cooling treatment. The cooled cooling water continues to achieve the cooling treatment of the fuel cell 9 under the action of the circulating water pump 51.

[0074] During the heat exchange process between liquid ammonia and cooling water, some of the liquid ammonia is converted into ammonia vapor due to the increase in temperature. Since the processing device is connected to the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4, the ammonia vapor flows into the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4 to achieve circulation.

[0075] It is worth mentioning that in this embodiment, the heat generated by the operation of the fuel cell 9 is used to drive the liquid ammonia to be converted into ammonia vapor. On the one hand, this can better achieve the cooling treatment of the fuel cell 9, and on the other hand, the heat generated by the fuel cell 9 can be used to drive the liquid ammonia to be converted into ammonia vapor. The ammonia vapor then exchanges heat with liquid hydrogen to achieve the recycling of energy.

[0076] It should be noted that by setting the wastewater discharge valve 52, the cooling water in the cooling pipe 50 can be discharged in a better way. At the same time, by opening the wastewater discharge valve 52, cooling water can also be added to the cooling pipe 50 through the wastewater discharge valve 52.

[0077] Understandably, in order to ensure that the cooling water in the cooling pipe 50 can fully exchange heat with the fuel cell 9 or liquid ammonia, the portion of the cooling pipe 50 located in the fuel cell 9 or processing device can be configured in an S-shaped bend to improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0078] In this embodiment, the processing device includes an absorber 32 and a generator 33.

[0079] The absorber 32 is provided with a second inlet 34, a second outlet 35 and a multi-stage cooling unit. The second inlet 34 is connected to the first outlet 28. The multi-stage cooling unit is used to convert the ammonia vapor flowing out from the first outlet 28 into liquid ammonia.

[0080] The generator 33 is provided with a third input port 37 and a third output port 38. The third input port 37 is connected to the second output port 35 through a solution pump 36 to realize that the liquid ammonia self-absorber 32 flows into the generator 33. The third output port 38 is connected to the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4.

[0081] The other end of the cooling pipe 50 is located at the generator 33.

[0082] With the structure in this embodiment, the liquid ammonia and ammonia vapor output from the first output port 28 are directly input into the absorber 32. After being processed by the multi-stage cooling unit at the absorber 32, the ammonia vapor is converted into liquid ammonia in the absorber 32. Subsequently, the liquid ammonia in the absorber 32 is drawn into the generator 33 by the action of the solution pump 36. Heat exchange between the liquid ammonia and the cooling water is realized in the generator 33. After heat exchange in the generator 33, the liquid ammonia flows back to the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4 in the state of ammonia vapor.

[0083] It should be noted that the optimal liquid ammonia level in generator 33 should be such that it completely submerges the cooling pipes 50 inside generator 33, as this condition provides the best heat exchange efficiency.

[0084] It is understood that this embodiment divides the processing device into two parts: an absorber 32 for cooling and converting ammonia vapor into liquid ammonia and a generator 33 for exchanging heat between liquid ammonia and cooling water. Since liquid ammonia and ammonia vapor are output from the first output port 28, they coexist in the absorber 32. In order to further improve the heat exchange between cooling water and liquid ammonia, this embodiment extracts liquid ammonia from the absorber 32 into the generator 33, so that there is a sufficient amount of liquid ammonia in the generator 33 to exchange heat with the cooling water, which can better improve the heat exchange effect between liquid ammonia and cooling water.

[0085] In this embodiment, the multi-stage cooling unit includes a second pipe 42 and a seawater pump 43.

[0086] The second pipe 42 is located inside the absorber 32 and extends out of the absorber 32 at both ends;

[0087] The seawater pump 43 is located at the second pipeline 42.

[0088] In this embodiment, a seawater discharge valve 44 is also provided at the second pipe 42;

[0089] With the structure in this embodiment, when cooling the ammonia vapor in the absorber 32, the seawater pump 43 and the seawater discharge valve 44 can be opened. The seawater pump 43 draws seawater into the second pipe 42, allowing the seawater to flow in the second pipe 42. When the seawater flows to the part of the second pipe 42 in the absorber 32, the seawater can exchange heat with the absorber 32, thereby cooling the ammonia vapor in the absorber 32 and converting the ammonia vapor into liquid ammonia. After exchanging heat with the absorber 32, the seawater is discharged from the seawater discharge valve 44.

[0090] It should be noted that, in order to ensure sufficient heat exchange between the seawater and the environment in the absorber 32, the second pipe 42 in the absorber 32 is configured in a curved S-shape to improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0091] In this embodiment, the multi-stage cooling unit includes a freshwater tank 47, a hot water tank 48, a third pipe 45, and a freshwater pump 46.

[0092] The third pipe 45 is located inside the absorber 32 and extends out of the absorber 32 at both ends;

[0093] The freshwater tank 47 is located at one end of the third pipe 45;

[0094] The hot water tank 48 is located at the other end of the third pipe 45;

[0095] The freshwater pump 46 is located at the third pipe 45 to enable freshwater to flow from the freshwater tank 47 into the hot water tank 48.

[0096] In this embodiment, a faucet 49 is provided at the hot water tank 48;

[0097] With the structure in this embodiment, when cooling the ammonia vapor in the absorber 32, the fresh water pump 46 can be turned on to draw fresh water from the fresh water tank 47 into the third pipe 45. When the fresh water flows through the third pipe 45 in the absorber 32, heat exchange can be achieved between the fresh water and the absorber 32, thereby cooling the ammonia vapor in the absorber 32 and converting the ammonia vapor into liquid ammonia. At the same time, the temperature of the fresh water rises and flows into the hot water tank 48 for storage. When hot water is needed, the tap 49 can be turned on.

[0098] It should be noted that, in order to ensure sufficient heat exchange between the fresh water and the environment in the absorber 32, the third pipe 45 in the absorber 32 is set in a curved S-shape to improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0099] It is worth mentioning that, in this embodiment, while cooling the ammonia vapor, the heat in the absorber 32 can be used to heat the fresh water, thus achieving efficient energy utilization.

[0100] In this embodiment, the multi-stage cooling unit includes a fourth pipe 39, a first throttle valve 40, and a spray head 41.

[0101] One end of the fourth pipe 39 is connected to the generator 33, and the other end extends into the absorber 32;

[0102] The spray head 41 is located at the other end of the fourth pipe 39 and inside the absorber 32;

[0103] The first throttle valve 40 is located at the fourth pipe 39 between the absorber 32 and the generator 33.

[0104] With the structure in this embodiment, when the liquid ammonia level in the generator 33 is higher than one end of the fourth pipe 39, the first throttle valve 40 can be opened to cool the ammonia vapor in the absorber 32. The liquid ammonia in the generator 33 then flows into the fourth pipe 39 and is sprayed into the absorber 32 under the action of the spray head 41. The sprayed liquid ammonia comes into contact with the ammonia vapor, thereby cooling the ammonia vapor.

[0105] It is worth mentioning that after the ammonia vapor in the absorber 32 is cooled, it is converted into liquid ammonia and transported to the generator 33. In this embodiment, a certain amount of liquid ammonia in the generator 33 is transported back to the absorber 32 and sprayed to achieve contact between the low-temperature liquid ammonia and the high-temperature ammonia vapor, which can better cool the ammonia vapor.

[0106] Preferably, the absorber 32 should use the third pipe 45 for cooling first. When the hot water tank 48 is full or the cooling effect of the third pipe 45 is not sufficient, the second pipe 42 should be opened to cool the water through seawater.

[0107] In this embodiment, it also includes a first main pipe 20, a first branch pipe 21 and a valve; the refrigerated compartment 26 includes multiple compartments 25, and each of the multiple compartments 25 is provided with a first inlet 24;

[0108] One end of the first main pipeline 20 is connected to the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4;

[0109] The number of the first branch pipes 21 corresponds to the number of compartments 25, and one end is connected to the other end of the first main pipe 20, while the other end is connected to the first inlet 24 of the corresponding compartment 25.

[0110] The valve is located at the first branch pipe 21 and is used to open and close the corresponding first branch pipe 21.

[0111] In this embodiment, one end of the first main pipe 20 is connected to the bottom of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4 to better realize the outflow of liquid ammonia from the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4.

[0112] With the structure in this embodiment, liquid ammonia in liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4 flows into the first main pipe 20. By opening the valve at the corresponding position, liquid ammonia flows into the corresponding compartment 25. Then, the liquid ammonia in compartment 25 exchanges heat with the surrounding environment to cool down compartment 25. During the heat exchange process, liquid ammonia will be converted into ammonia vapor in whole or in part. Liquid ammonia and ammonia vapor are then mixed and fed into absorber 32.

[0113] In this embodiment, a second throttle valve 22 can be installed at the first main pipe 20. The throttle valve is used to adjust the evaporation pressure so that the liquid ammonia is converted into a gas-liquid mixture and enters the refrigeration compartment 26 for cooling.

[0114] It should be noted that the outer wall of the refrigerated compartment 26 has a double-layer structure, with the middle layer filled with thermal insulation material to reduce heat exchange with the external environment. The refrigerated compartment 26 can be divided into multiple compartments 25 according to the volume of stored goods and the required temperature. In this embodiment, the refrigerated compartment 26 is divided into two compartments 25. The partition between the compartments 25 adopts the same sandwich structure as the outer wall. By adjusting the valve, the flow of gas-liquid mixed ammonia to the corresponding compartment 25 can be controlled. In this embodiment, the valve is a first three-way valve 23, and the first three-way valve 23 is located at the connection between the first main pipe 20 and the two first branch pipes 21. By operating the first three-way valve 23, cooling treatment of any compartment 25 or simultaneous cooling treatment of two compartments 25 can be achieved.

[0115] It is understandable that heat exchange tubes can be installed in each compartment 25, with one end of the heat exchange tube connected to the first inlet 24 and the other end connected to the first outlet 28. The heat exchange tubes are arranged in an S-shape to improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0116] It should be noted that the two heat exchange tubes can be combined and connected to the same first output port 28; preferably, each of the two compartments 25 is provided with a first output port 28, and each of the first output ports 28 is provided with a second branch pipe 29. Both second branch pipes 29 are connected to a second main pipe 31 through a second three-way valve 30. The second main pipe 31 is connected to the absorber 32; cooling of the corresponding compartments 25 is achieved by operating the first three-way valve 23 and the second three-way valve 30.

[0117] In this embodiment, a fan assembly 27 electrically connected to the fuel cell 9 is provided inside the compartment 25.

[0118] With the configuration in this embodiment, the fan assembly 27 is located below the heat exchange tube. The fan assembly 27 can accelerate the airflow and form forced convection, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between the working fluid in the heat exchange tube and the environment of the chamber 25.

[0119] In this embodiment, a first filter 5, a pressure reducing valve 6, a first pressure gauge 7 and a first solenoid valve 8 are provided on the first pipeline 3 at the position between the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4 and the fuel cell 9.

[0120] The first filter 5, the pressure reducing valve 6, and the first pressure gauge 7 are connected in sequence from the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4 to the fuel cell 9.

[0121] With the structure in this embodiment, the hydrogen can be adjusted to a suitable pressure by the pressure reducing valve 6, and the hydrogen can be controlled to enter the fuel cell 9 by opening and closing the first solenoid valve 8; a first filter 5 is set between the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 4 and the pressure reducing valve 6, which filters out the tiny impurities carried in the hydrogen to prevent damage to the first pipe 3, the pressure reducing valve 6 and the fuel cell 9; a pressure gauge is used to monitor the pressure of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell 9 in real time.

[0122] In this embodiment, it also includes a fifth pipeline 15, a hydrogen circulation pump 17, a one-way valve 16, and a hydrogen discharge valve 18.

[0123] One end of the fifth pipe 15 is connected to the fuel cell 9, and the other end is connected to the first pipe 3 between the pressure reducing valve 6 and the first pressure gauge;

[0124] The hydrogen circulation pump 17 and the one-way valve 16 are both located at the fifth pipeline 15.

[0125] The hydrogen emission valve 18 is located at the fifth pipe 15 between the one-way valve 16 and the hydrogen circulation pump 17.

[0126] With the structure in this embodiment, some unreacted hydrogen in the fuel cell 9 can be discharged through the fifth pipe 15 and returned to the first pipe 3 behind the pressure reducing valve 6 via the hydrogen circulation pump 17, thereby achieving full utilization of hydrogen. A one-way valve 16 is provided between the hydrogen circulation pump 17 and the first pipe 3 to prevent hydrogen from entering the fifth pipe 15 from the first pipe 3 in reverse, thus avoiding impact on the hydrogen circulation pump 17. By opening the hydrogen discharge valve 18, the venting or discharge of the fuel cell 9 can be better controlled.

[0127] In this embodiment, it also includes a sixth pipe 53, a second pressure gauge 11, a second solenoid valve 12, an air compressor 13, a second filter 14, and an air discharge valve 19.

[0128] One end of the sixth pipe 53 is connected to the fuel cell 9, and the other end is used to supply air intake;

[0129] The second pressure gauge 11, the second solenoid valve 12, the air compressor 13, and the second filter 14 are all located at the sixth pipe 53;

[0130] The air exhaust valve 19 is located at the fuel cell 9;

[0131] The air compressor 13 and the second pressure gauge 11 are connected sequentially from the other end of the sixth pipe 53 toward one end of the sixth pipe 53.

[0132] In this embodiment, the second filter 14 is located at the other end of the sixth pipe 53 away from the fuel cell 9.

[0133] With the construction in this embodiment, the second filter 14 is used to filter impurities in the air to avoid damage to the fuel cell 9 or other components. The filtered air is pressurized to a suitable pressure by the air compressor 13, and then the air is controlled to enter the fuel cell 9 by opening and closing the second solenoid valve 12. The waste air after the reaction can be discharged by opening the air discharge valve 19.

[0134] In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A refrigeration system for a hydrogen-powered refrigerated transport ship, characterized in that: Includes liquid hydrogen storage tanks, liquid hydrogen vaporizers, fuel cells, and refrigerated compartments. The liquid hydrogen storage tank is connected to the fuel cell via a first pipeline; The liquid hydrogen vaporizer is located between the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the fuel cell and contains liquid ammonia. The first pipe at the corresponding location is inside the liquid hydrogen vaporizer. The refrigerated compartment is equipped with a first inlet and a first outlet connected to a liquid hydrogen vaporizer; Liquid ammonia in the liquid hydrogen vaporizer flows into the refrigeration chamber from the first inlet and flows back to the liquid hydrogen vaporizer from the first outlet. It also includes processing equipment, cooling pipes, and wastewater discharge valves. The processing device is connected to the first output port and the liquid hydrogen vaporizer respectively and is used to convert the ammonia vapor flowing out of the first output port into liquid ammonia. The cooling pipe is a loop with its ends connected, with one end located at the fuel cell and the other end located at the processing device. The wastewater discharge valve is located at the cooling pipe between the treatment device and the fuel cell; The cooling pipe contains cooling water for heat exchange with the fuel cell and the processing unit. A circulating water pump is installed at the cooling pipe to drive the cooling water to circulate and convert liquid ammonia in the processing unit into ammonia vapor.

2. The refrigeration system of a hydrogen-powered refrigerated transport ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing device includes an absorber and a generator. The absorber is provided with a second inlet, a second outlet and a multi-stage cooling unit. The second inlet is connected to the first outlet, and the multi-stage cooling unit is used to convert the ammonia vapor flowing out from the first outlet into liquid ammonia. The generator is provided with a third input port and a third output port. The third input port is connected to the second output port through a solution pump to enable liquid ammonia to flow into the generator from the absorber. The third output port is connected to the liquid hydrogen vaporizer. The other end of the cooling pipe is located at the generator.

3. The refrigeration system of a hydrogen-powered refrigerated transport ship according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multi-stage cooling unit includes a second piping and a seawater pump. The second pipe is located inside the absorber and extends out of the absorber at both ends; The seawater pump is located at the second pipeline.

4. The refrigeration system of a hydrogen-powered refrigerated transport ship according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multi-stage cooling unit includes a freshwater tank, a hot water tank, a third piping system, and a freshwater pump. The third pipe is located inside the absorber and extends out of the absorber at both ends; The freshwater tank is located at one end of the third pipeline; The hot water tank is located at the other end of the third pipe; The freshwater pump is located at the third pipeline to allow freshwater to flow from the freshwater tank into the hot water tank.

5. The refrigeration system of a hydrogen-powered refrigerated transport ship according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multi-stage cooling unit includes a fourth conduit, a first throttle valve, and spray nozzles. One end of the fourth pipe is connected to the generator, and the other end extends into the absorber; The spray head is located at the other end of the fourth pipe and inside the absorber; The first throttle valve is located at the fourth pipe between the absorber and the generator.

6. The refrigeration system of a hydrogen-powered refrigerated transport ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first main pipeline, a first branch pipeline, and valves; the refrigerated compartment includes multiple compartments, each with a first inlet. One end of the first main pipeline is connected to the liquid hydrogen vaporizer; The number of the first branch pipes corresponds to the number of compartments, and one end is connected to the other end of the first main pipe, while the other end is connected to the first inlet of the corresponding compartment. The valve is located at the first branch pipe and is used to open and close the corresponding first branch pipe.

7. The refrigeration system of a hydrogen-powered refrigerated transport ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first filter, a pressure reducing valve, a first pressure gauge, and a first solenoid valve are provided on the first pipeline at a position between the liquid hydrogen vaporizer and the fuel cell; The first filter, pressure reducing valve, and first pressure gauge are connected in sequence from the liquid hydrogen vaporizer to the fuel cell.

8. The refrigeration system of a hydrogen-powered refrigerated transport ship according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a fifth pipeline, a hydrogen circulation pump, a check valve, and a hydrogen discharge valve. One end of the fifth pipe is connected to the fuel cell, and the other end is connected to the first pipe between the pressure reducing valve and the first pressure gauge; The hydrogen circulation pump and the one-way valve are both located at the fifth pipeline; The hydrogen emission valve is located at the fifth pipe between the check valve and the hydrogen circulation pump.

9. The refrigeration system of a hydrogen-powered refrigerated transport ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a sixth pipe, a second pressure gauge, a second solenoid valve, an air compressor, a second filter, and an air discharge valve. One end of the sixth pipe is connected to the fuel cell, and the other end is used to supply air. The second pressure gauge, the second solenoid valve, the air compressor, and the second filter are all located at the sixth pipeline. The air exhaust valve is located at the fuel cell; The air compressor and the second pressure gauge are connected sequentially from one end of the sixth pipe toward the other end of the sixth pipe.

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