Environmentally friendly broken porcelain casting sand, preparation method and production system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of foundry sand technology, specifically to an environmentally friendly broken porcelain foundry sand, a preparation method and a production system, wherein the environmentally friendly broken porcelain foundry sand is prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 60-70 parts of raw sand, 8-10 parts of broken porcelain, 5-8 parts of binder, 4-8 parts of magnetic powder, 4-6 parts of glass fiber, 2-4 parts of water, and 1-2 parts of graphene. Compared with the prior art, the environmentally friendly broken porcelain foundry sand provided by the present invention uses broken porcelain as one of the raw materials to solve the problem of recycling broken porcelain; and uses chromium dioxide magnetic powder or iron oxide magnetic powder as one of the raw materials, so that the active adsorption of magnetic powder in a magnetic field environment can be used to increase the permeability and fluidity of the foundry sand. In addition, the magnetic powder is mixed with a binder in advance, which can maintain the magnetism of the magnetic powder on the one hand, and on the other hand, no "sandblasting" phenomenon occurs when stirring in a magnetic field environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of foundry sand, and in particular to environmentally friendly broken porcelain chip foundry sand, a preparation method and a production system. Background Art

[0002] The foundry industry can be mainly divided into sand casting, special casting, etc., among which sand casting accounts for 80% of the foundry industry. The main raw material cost of sand casting is casting molding materials, which accounts for more than 70% of the total production cost. Half of the factors affecting production efficiency, casting quality and yield rate come from molding materials.

[0003] However, during the production and preparation process of existing foundry sand, the density is often uneven, the reuse rate is low, and the anti-sand sticking effect is poor.

[0004] In addition, at present, broken porcelain waste is often discarded in industry or used for the preparation of ceramic tile blanks and antique tiles, but the utilization rate is not high. The reason is that broken porcelain often contains heavy metal elements, toxic and harmful elements, and broken porcelain is very easy to be damaged due to its low mechanical strength, so its service life is not long and its lifespan is short, so it is often not effectively utilized in industry.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly broken porcelain casting sand, a preparation method and a production system, which have solved the problems mentioned in the above background technology.

[0007] To achieve one of the above purposes, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] An environmentally friendly broken porcelain piece casting sand is prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 60-70 parts of raw sand, 8-10 parts of broken porcelain pieces, 5-8 parts of binder, 4-8 parts of magnetic powder, 4-6 parts of glass fiber, 2-4 parts of water, and 1-2 parts of graphene.

[0009] Preferably, the binder is one or more of sodium polyacrylate resin, furan resin, and phenolic resin.

[0010] Preferably, the magnetic powder is one or more of chromium dioxide magnetic powder and iron oxide magnetic powder, and the particle size of the magnetic powder is 1-2 μm.

[0011] To achieve the second of the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0012] A method for preparing environmentally friendly broken porcelain pieces casting sand comprises the following steps:

[0013] Treatment of broken porcelain pieces: Grind the broken porcelain pieces with a ball mill at 100-200 KPa to obtain porcelain powder, mix the porcelain powder with half of the binder at 350-400°C and stir for 1-2 hours to obtain mixed porcelain powder;

[0014] Magnetic powder treatment: Mix the magnetic powder with the remaining half of the binder at 350-400°C and stir for 1-2 hours to obtain mixed magnetic powder;

[0015] Raw sand mixing: Mix raw sand, graphene, mixed porcelain powder and water, and stir at 200-400r / min for 1-2h to obtain mixed sand;

[0016] Magnetization of raw sand: Mix the mixed sand and the mixed magnetic powder together and put them into a magnetic stirring device with a magnetic flux of 60~100Wb to obtain magnetized molding sand;

[0017] High temperature calcination: Calcine the magnetized sand at 1100~1300℃ for 2~3 hours, and then get the environmentally friendly broken porcelain casting sand after cooling.

[0018] Preferably, in the broken porcelain pieces processing step:

[0019] The particle size of the ceramic powder after ball milling is 50-100 meshes, and the mixed ceramic powder needs to be kept warm at a temperature of 120-150°C.

[0020] Preferably, in the magnetic powder processing step:

[0021] The mixed magnetic powder must be kept warm at a temperature of 120-150°C.

[0022] Preferably, in the raw sand mixing step:

[0023] The raw sand is added twice. The first addition is when the raw sand, graphene, mixed porcelain powder and water are just mixed, and the second addition is when the mixture is halfway stirred.

[0024] Preferably, in the high temperature calcination step:

[0025] The magnetic stirring device maintains a vacuum or inert gas environment during the stirring process.

[0026] Preferably, in the raw sand magnetization step:

[0027] During the cooling process, it is necessary to be in a magnetic field environment with a magnetic flux of 60~100Wb.

[0028] To achieve the third objective above, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0029] An environmentally friendly broken porcelain casting sand production system, a broken porcelain processing device, a magnetic powder processing device, a raw sand mixing device, a raw sand magnetizing device and a high-temperature calcining device, wherein the broken porcelain processing device, the magnetic powder processing device, the raw sand mixing device, the raw sand magnetizing device and the high-temperature calcining device are sequentially connected through a material conveying device;

[0030] The broken porcelain chip processing device comprises a ball mill and a mixing mixer;

[0031] The magnetic powder processing device includes a mixing and stirring machine;

[0032] The raw sand mixing device comprises a mixing mixer;

[0033] The raw sand magnetization device comprises a stirring device, in which a magnetic field generating device is provided;

[0034] The high temperature calcining device comprises a high temperature calcining furnace, in which a magnetic field generating device is arranged.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the environmentally friendly broken porcelain casting sand, preparation method and production system provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. In the environmentally friendly broken porcelain piece casting sand provided by the present invention, broken porcelain pieces are used as one of the raw materials to solve the problem of recycling broken porcelain pieces.

[0037] 2. In the preparation method of environmentally friendly broken porcelain chips casting sand provided by the present invention, since the use of broken porcelain chips will lead to low mechanical strength and easy damage, the service life is short. Therefore, during the preparation process, the broken porcelain chips are ground into porcelain powder, and half of the binder is added to the porcelain powder so that the surface of the porcelain powder is evenly covered with the binder, thereby improving the mechanical strength of the environmentally friendly broken porcelain chips casting sand.

[0038] 3. In the environmentally friendly broken porcelain casting sand and preparation method provided by the present invention, chromium dioxide magnetic powder or iron oxide magnetic powder is used as one of the raw materials. In this way, the active adsorption of the magnetic powder in a magnetic field environment can be utilized to increase the permeability and fluidity of the casting sand, and the magnetic powder is mixed with a binder in advance. On the one hand, the magnetism of the magnetic powder can be maintained, and on the other hand, no "sandblasting" phenomenon will occur when stirring in a magnetic field environment (during stirring, the original sand will spray out of the stirring equipment due to its strong fluidity).

[0039] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below for detailed description as follows. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] This embodiment provides an environmentally friendly broken porcelain casting sand, which is prepared from the following raw materials by weight:

[0043] 60 parts of raw sand, 8 parts of broken porcelain pieces, 5 parts of sodium polyacrylate resin, 4 parts of chromium dioxide magnetic powder (particle size is 1μm), 4 parts of glass fiber, 2 parts of water, and 1 part of graphene.

[0044] In this embodiment, the following steps are performed to prepare environmentally friendly broken porcelain casting sand according to the above weight parts:

[0045] Treatment of broken porcelain pieces: Grind the broken porcelain pieces with a ball mill at 100 KPa to obtain porcelain powder, mix the porcelain powder with half of the binder at 350°C and stir for 1 hour to obtain mixed porcelain powder;

[0046] Magnetic powder treatment: Mix the magnetic powder with the remaining half of the binder at 350-400°C and stir for 1 hour to obtain mixed magnetic powder;

[0047] Raw sand mixing: raw sand, graphene, mixed porcelain powder and water are mixed and stirred at 200 r / min for 1 hour to obtain mixed sand;

[0048] Magnetization of raw sand: Mix the mixed sand and the mixed magnetic powder together and put them into a magnetic stirring device with a magnetic flux of 60Wb to stir them to obtain magnetized molding sand;

[0049] High temperature calcination: Calcine the magnetized sand at 1100℃ for 2 hours, and then get the environmentally friendly broken porcelain casting sand after cooling.

[0050] Embodiment 2

[0051] This embodiment provides an environmentally friendly broken porcelain casting sand, which is prepared from the following raw materials by weight:

[0052] 70 parts of raw sand, 10 parts of broken porcelain pieces, 8 parts of furan resin, 8 parts of iron oxide magnetic powder (particle size is 2μm), 6 parts of glass fiber, 4 parts of water, and 2 parts of graphene.

[0053] In this embodiment, the following steps are performed to prepare environmentally friendly broken porcelain casting sand according to the above weight parts:

[0054] Treatment of broken porcelain pieces: Grind the broken porcelain pieces with a ball mill at 200 KPa to obtain porcelain powder, mix the porcelain powder with half of the binder at 400 °C and stir for 2 hours to obtain mixed porcelain powder;

[0055] Magnetic powder treatment: The magnetic powder and the remaining half of the binder were mixed at 400°C and stirred for 2 hours to obtain mixed magnetic powder;

[0056] Raw sand mixing: raw sand, graphene, mixed porcelain powder and water are mixed and stirred at 400 r / min for 2 hours to obtain mixed sand;

[0057] Magnetization of raw sand: Mix the mixed sand and the mixed magnetic powder together and put them into a magnetic stirring device with a magnetic flux of 100Wb to stir them to obtain magnetized molding sand;

[0058] High temperature calcination: Calcine the magnetized sand at 1300℃ for 3 hours, and then get the environmentally friendly broken porcelain casting sand after cooling.

[0059] Embodiment 3

[0060] The raw material ratio of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment. However, on the basis of the first embodiment, in the step of preparing environmentally friendly broken porcelain pieces casting sand according to the above raw materials in this embodiment:

[0061] In the process of broken tiles:

[0062] The particle size of the porcelain powder after ball milling is 50 mesh, and the mixed porcelain powder needs to be kept warm at 120°C.

[0063] During the magnetic particle processing step:

[0064] The mixed magnetic powder must be kept warm at 120°C.

[0065] In the raw sand mixing step:

[0066] The raw sand is added twice. The first addition is when the raw sand, graphene, mixed porcelain powder and water are just mixed, and the second addition is when the mixture is halfway stirred.

[0067] During the high temperature calcination step:

[0068] The magnetic stirring device maintains a vacuum or inert gas environment during the stirring process.

[0069] In the raw sand magnetization step:

[0070] During the cooling process, a magnetic field environment with a magnetic flux of 60Wb is required.

[0071] Embodiment 4

[0072] The raw material ratio of this embodiment is the same as that of the second embodiment. However, on the basis of the second embodiment, in the step of preparing environmentally friendly broken porcelain pieces casting sand according to the above raw materials in this embodiment:

[0073] In the process of broken tiles:

[0074] The particle size of the porcelain powder after ball milling is 100 mesh, and the mixed porcelain powder needs to be kept warm at 150°C.

[0075] During the magnetic particle processing step:

[0076] The mixed magnetic powder must be kept at 150°C.

[0077] In the raw sand mixing step:

[0078] The raw sand is added twice. The first addition is when the raw sand, graphene, mixed porcelain powder and water are just mixed, and the second addition is when the mixture is halfway stirred.

[0079] During the high temperature calcination step:

[0080] The magnetic stirring device maintains a vacuum or inert gas environment during the stirring process.

[0081] In the raw sand magnetization step:

[0082] During the cooling process, a magnetic field environment with a magnetic flux of 100Wb is required.

[0083] Comparative Example 1

[0084] The raw material ratio of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1. However, based on Embodiment 1, the step of preparing environmentally friendly broken porcelain chips casting sand according to the above raw materials in this embodiment does not include the broken porcelain chips processing step, and the broken porcelain chips are directly mixed with half of the binder in the raw sand mixing step and stirred.

[0085] Comparative Example 2

[0086] The raw material ratio of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment. However, on the basis of the first embodiment, in the step of preparing environmentally friendly broken porcelain pieces casting sand according to the above raw materials in this embodiment:

[0087] In the broken porcelain chip processing step, the broken porcelain chips are directly put into the raw sand mixing step after being crushed, and are not mixed and stirred with half of the binder.

[0088] Comparative Example 3

[0089] The raw material ratio of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment. However, on the basis of the first embodiment, in the step of preparing environmentally friendly broken porcelain pieces casting sand according to the above raw materials in this embodiment:

[0090] In the magnetic powder processing step: directly mix the magnetic powder with half of the binder in the raw sand mixing step and stir.

[0091] Comparative Example 4

[0092] The raw material ratio of this embodiment is the same as that of the second embodiment. However, on the basis of the second embodiment, in the step of preparing environmentally friendly broken porcelain pieces casting sand according to the above raw materials in this embodiment:

[0093] In the raw sand magnetization step: the mixed sand and the mixed magnetic powder are mixed together and put into a stirring device with a magnetic flux of 0 for stirring to obtain magnetized molding sand.

[0094] Comparative Example 5

[0095] The raw material ratio of this embodiment is the same as that of the third embodiment. However, on the basis of the third embodiment, in the step of preparing environmentally friendly broken porcelain pieces casting sand according to the above raw materials, the following steps are performed:

[0096] In the process of broken tiles:

[0097] Mixed porcelain powder is not insulated.

[0098] During the magnetic particle processing step:

[0099] The mixed magnetic powder is not kept warm.

[0100] Comparative Example 6

[0101] The raw material ratio of this embodiment is the same as that of the fourth embodiment. However, on the basis of the fourth embodiment, in the step of preparing environmentally friendly broken porcelain pieces casting sand according to the above raw materials in this embodiment:

[0102] In the raw sand magnetization step:

[0103] There is no magnetic field environment during the cooling process.

[0104] Then the foundry sand prepared according to the above embodiment and the comparative example was tested for performance, as shown in the following table:

[0105]

[0106] From the above table we can see that:

[0107] 1. In the comparative example 3, the sand blasting phenomenon occurred during the stirring process, resulting in the failure of preparing the molding sand, while the other embodiments, i.e., the comparative examples, did not have the sand blasting phenomenon. Therefore, it can be seen that the magnetic powder is mixed with the binder in advance, on the one hand, to maintain the magnetism of the magnetic powder, and on the other hand, no "sand blasting" phenomenon occurs when stirring in a magnetic field environment.

[0108] 2. By comparing Control Example 1 with Example 1, it can be seen that the wet compressive strength, air permeability, hot compressive strength and demolding time of Control Example 1 are far lower than those of Example 1. It can be seen that adding broken porcelain chips alone cannot enhance the performance of casting sand to a certain extent. In fact, the performance of casting sand may be reduced due to the low mechanical strength of broken porcelain chips themselves and their easy damage.

[0109] 3. By comparing Control Example 2 with Example 1, it can be seen that the wet compressive strength, air permeability, hot compressive strength and demolding time of Control Example 1 are far lower than those of Example 2. Therefore, after the broken porcelain pieces are treated with the adhesive in advance, the surface of the porcelain powder is evenly covered with the adhesive, which improves the mechanical strength of the environmentally friendly broken porcelain piece casting sand.

[0110] 4. Compared with Example 2, Control Example 4 has much lower wet compressive strength, air permeability, hot compressive strength and demolding time than Example 2. It can be seen that by stirring the mixed sand with magnetic powder in a magnetic field environment, the active adsorption of the magnetic powder in a magnetic field environment will increase the permeability and fluidity of the casting sand, thereby greatly improving the performance of Example 2.

[0111] 5. Compared with Example 3, the wet compressive strength, air permeability, hot compressive strength and demolding time of Control Example 5 are far lower than those of Example 3. It can be seen that heat preservation of the mixed porcelain powder and the mixed magnetic powder is beneficial to improving the performance of the casting sand.

[0112] 6. Compared with Example 4, the wet compressive strength, air permeability, hot compressive strength and demolding time of Control Example 6 are far lower than those of Example 4. It can be seen that during the cooling annealing process, the temperature inside the casting sand is still relatively high, and the activity between the molecules of the casting sand is relatively strong. The cooling of the magnetic field environment helps the molding of the casting sand, and ultimately greatly improves the performance of the casting sand.

[0113] In addition, an embodiment of the present invention also provides an environmentally friendly broken porcelain piece casting sand production system, a broken porcelain piece processing device, a magnetic powder processing device, a raw sand mixing device, a raw sand magnetization device and a high-temperature calcination device, wherein the broken porcelain piece processing device, the magnetic powder processing device, the raw sand mixing device, the raw sand magnetization device and the high-temperature calcination device are connected in sequence through a material conveying device; the broken porcelain piece processing device includes a ball mill and a mixing mixer; the magnetic powder processing device includes a mixing mixer; the raw sand mixing device includes a mixing mixer; the raw sand magnetization device includes a stirring device, and a magnetic field generating device is provided in the stirring device; the high-temperature calcination device includes a high-temperature calcination furnace, and a magnetic field generating device is provided in the high-temperature calcination furnace.

[0114] From the above, it can be seen that in the environmentally friendly broken porcelain pieces casting sand provided by the present invention, broken porcelain pieces are used as one of the raw materials to solve the problem of recycling broken porcelain pieces. In addition, since the use of broken porcelain pieces will bring about low mechanical strength and is extremely easy to be damaged, the service life is not long and the life is short. Therefore, during the preparation process, the broken porcelain pieces are ground into porcelain powder, and half of the binder is added to the porcelain powder so that the surface of the porcelain powder is evenly covered with the binder, thereby improving the mechanical strength of the environmentally friendly broken porcelain pieces casting sand. In addition, chromium dioxide magnetic powder or iron oxide magnetic powder is used as one of the raw materials, so that the active adsorption of magnetic powder in a magnetic field environment can be used to increase the permeability and fluidity of the casting sand, and the magnetic powder is mixed with a binder in advance, which can maintain the magnetism of the magnetic powder on the one hand, and on the other hand, no "sandblasting" phenomenon occurs when stirring in a magnetic field environment.

[0115] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly broken porcelain piece casting sand, characterized in that: The material is prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 60-70 parts of raw sand, 8-10 parts of broken porcelain pieces, 5-8 parts of binder, 4-8 parts of magnetic powder, 4-6 parts of glass fiber, 2-4 parts of water, and 1-2 parts of graphene; The method for preparing environmentally friendly broken porcelain pieces casting sand comprises the following steps: Treatment of broken porcelain pieces: Grind the broken porcelain pieces with a ball mill at 100-200 KPa to obtain porcelain powder, mix the porcelain powder with half of the binder at 350-400°C and stir for 1-2 hours to obtain mixed porcelain powder; Magnetic powder treatment: Mix the magnetic powder with the remaining half of the binder at 350-400°C and stir for 1-2 hours to obtain mixed magnetic powder; Raw sand mixing: Mix raw sand, graphene, mixed porcelain powder and water, and stir at 200-400r / min for 1-2h to obtain mixed sand; Magnetization of raw sand: Mix the mixed sand and the mixed magnetic powder together and put them into a magnetic stirring device with a magnetic flux of 60~100Wb to obtain magnetized molding sand; High temperature calcination: calcine the magnetized sand at 1100~1300℃ for 2~3 hours, and then get the environmentally friendly broken porcelain casting sand after cooling; In the broken porcelain pieces processing step: The particle size of the ceramic powder after ball milling is 50-100 mesh, and the mixed ceramic powder needs to be kept warm at a temperature of 120-150°C; In the magnetic powder processing step: The mixed magnetic powder must be kept warm at 120-150°C; In the raw sand mixing step: The raw sand is added twice, the first time is when the raw sand, graphene, mixed porcelain powder and water are just mixed, and the second time is when the mixture is halfway stirred; In the raw sand magnetization step: The magnetic stirring device maintains a vacuum or inert gas environment during the stirring process; In the high temperature calcination step: During the cooling process, it is necessary to be in a magnetic field environment with a magnetic flux of 60~100Wb.

2. The environmentally friendly broken porcelain pieces casting sand according to claim 1, characterized in that: The binder is one or more of sodium polyacrylate resin, furan resin and phenolic resin.

3. The environmentally friendly broken porcelain pieces casting sand according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic powder is one or more of chromium dioxide magnetic powder and iron oxide magnetic powder, and the particle size of the magnetic powder is 1-2 μm.

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