A thermal management system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of thermal management systems, thermal management system includes: six-way valve, heat exchanger, motor, first connecting pipeline, battery pack and motor water pump, six-way valve includes sequentially arranged first connection end, second connection end, third connection end, fourth connection end and fifth connection end, in the first connection end and fifth connection end conduction and second connection end and fourth connection end conduction, fourth connection end, motor, motor water pump, fifth connection end, first connection end, heat exchanger, first connecting pipeline and second connection end form closed loop.The present application relates to the technical field of thermal management system, the electric vehicle thermal management system of the six-way valve in this application connects motor and heat exchanger by six-way valve, so that refrigerant absorbs motor loop waste heat from heat exchanger for passenger cabin heating, improve the application range of waste heat utilization, reduce system control components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of thermal management system technology, and in particular to a thermal management system for electric vehicles with waste heat utilization function. Background Technology

[0002] New energy vehicles are widely used in today's society. The thermal management system of new energy vehicles is applied to the whole vehicle. It is a thermal management system formed by the combination of key automotive components. Through coordination, it enables each component to work within its appropriate operating range.

[0003] The current thermal management system's water circuit consists of a four-way water valve, two three-way water valves, a heater, a water pump, and a heat exchanger to heat the passenger compartment and battery pack, cool the battery pack, cool the motor circuit, and utilize waste heat from the motor circuit. However, when the waste heat from the motor circuit is used to heat the passenger compartment via the heat pump, it must pass through the battery pack, and the battery pack's water pump must also operate. Since the battery pack needs to maintain a certain temperature, this method greatly limits the temperature range for waste heat utilization. Furthermore, the operation of the battery water pump when there is no need for thermal management of the battery pack wastes the vehicle's total power. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical issues, the thermal management system disclosed in this application connects the motor to the heat exchanger via a six-way valve, allowing the refrigerant to absorb waste heat from the motor circuit for heating the passenger cabin. This solves the problems of limiting the temperature range for waste heat utilization by responding to the heating needs of the battery pack when using the motor's waste heat to heat the passenger cabin, as well as the problem of having too many thermal management control components, which is not conducive to the integration and modularization of system components.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, this application provides a thermal management system, including a six-way valve, a heat exchanger, a motor, a first connecting pipe, a battery pack, and a motor-driven water pump.

[0006] The six-way valve includes a first connection end, a second connection end, a third connection end, a fourth connection end, and a fifth connection end arranged in sequence.

[0007] One end of the heat exchanger is connected to the first connection end, and the other end is connected to the second connection end through the first connection pipe;

[0008] One end of the motor is connected to the fourth connection end, and the other end is connected to the fifth connection end through the motor-water pump.

[0009] The third connection terminal is connected to the heat exchanger via the battery pack;

[0010] When the first connection end is connected to the fifth connection end and the second connection end is connected to the fourth connection end, the fourth connection end, the motor, the motor pump, the fifth connection end, the first connection end, the heat exchanger, the first connection pipeline, and the second connection end form a closed loop.

[0011] In some implementations, a sixth connection terminal is also included, which is connected to the motor pump and the motor via a low-temperature water tank.

[0012] In some embodiments, a motor circuit is also included, which is formed by a motor-driven water pump, a low-temperature water tank, a DC-DC converter, a charger, a motor controller, and a motor connected in sequence.

[0013] In some implementations, a battery circuit is also included, with one end of the battery circuit connected to the battery pack via the second port of a three-way valve, and the other end connected to the heat exchanger and the battery water pump via the third port of a three-way valve.

[0014] In some implementations, a heating circuit is also included, with one end of the heating circuit connected to the heating core via the first port of a three-way valve, and the other end connected to the heating water pump and electric heater via the second port of a three-way valve.

[0015] In some implementations, a refrigerant circuit is also included, which is formed by a gas-liquid separator, a compressor, a three-way refrigerant valve, an indoor condenser, and a heat exchanger connected in sequence.

[0016] In some embodiments, when the first connection terminal is connected to the third connection terminal and the fourth connection terminal is connected to the sixth connection terminal, the fourth connection terminal, the motor, the motor water pump, the low-temperature water tank and the sixth connection terminal form a closed loop, and the first connection terminal, the heat exchanger, the battery water pump, the battery pack, the warm air core, the electric heater, the heating water pump and the third connection terminal form a closed loop.

[0017] In some embodiments, the first connection terminal is connected to the third connection terminal, and the fourth connection terminal is connected to the fifth connection terminal, forming a closed loop with the first connection terminal, the heat exchanger, the battery water pump, the battery pack, the heater core, the electric heater, the heating water pump, and the third connection terminal; and the fourth connection terminal, the motor, the motor water pump, and the fifth connection terminal form a closed loop.

[0018] In some embodiments, the fourth connection terminal, the motor, the motor water pump, the low-temperature water tank, the sixth connection terminal, the first connection terminal, the heat exchanger, the battery water pump, the battery pack, the warm air core, the electric heater, the heating water pump, and the third connection terminal form a closed loop when the first connection terminal is connected to the sixth connection terminal and the third connection terminal is connected to the fourth connection terminal.

[0019] In some embodiments, the fourth connection terminal, the motor, the motor water pump, the fifth connection terminal, the first connection terminal, the heat exchanger, the battery water pump, the battery pack, the heater core, the electric heater, the heating water pump, and the third connection terminal form a closed loop when the first connection terminal is connected to the fifth connection terminal and the third connection terminal is connected to the third connection terminal.

[0020] Implementing the embodiments of this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The thermal management system disclosed in this application simplifies the thermal management system loop in the prior art through the design of the first connecting pipe; and combined with the setting of a six-way valve, it reduces the number of thermal management control components, simplifies the layout, and facilitates the integration and modularization of system components. When the first connecting end is connected to the fifth connecting end and the second connecting end is connected to the fourth connecting end, the refrigerant loop absorbs waste heat from the motor loop in the heat exchanger to heat the passenger compartment, without having to pass through the battery pack and heat the battery pack, thus fully utilizing the temperature range for waste heat utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thermal management system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a refrigerant circuit provided in this application embodiment. Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a refrigerant circuit provided in this application embodiment. Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a refrigerant circuit provided in this application embodiment. Figure 3 ;

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a refrigerant circuit provided in this application embodiment. Figure 4 ;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a refrigerant circuit provided in this application embodiment. Figure 5 .

[0029] In the figure, the corresponding labels are as follows: 1-Six-way valve, 101-First connection end, 102-Second connection end, 103-Third connection end, 104-Fourth connection end, 105-Fifth connection end, 106-Sixth connection end, 2-Battery pack, 3-Heat exchanger, 4-Motor, 5-Battery water pump, 6-Electronic expansion valve 3, 7-Three-way valve, 8-Heat air core, 9-Indoor condenser, 10-Motor water pump, 11-One-way valve 2, 12-Electronic expansion valve 2, 13-Evaporator, 14-Electronic expansion valve 1, 15-Outdoor heat exchanger, 16-Low temperature water tank, 17-Stop valve 3, 18-Gas-liquid separator, 19-Compressor, 20-Three-way refrigerant valve, 21-Heating water pump, 22-Electric heater, 23-First connection pipe, 24-One-way valve 1. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. In different embodiments, the same components have the same reference numerals.

[0032] It should be noted that the thermal management system of this application can be applied to new energy electric vehicles. When there is a heating requirement in the passenger compartment, the waste heat of the motor circuit in the vehicle thermal management system can heat the passenger compartment without the need for a heat pump system and electric heating to heat the passenger compartment.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a thermal management system, which may include a six-way valve 1, a heat exchanger 3, a motor 4, a first connecting pipe 23, a battery pack 2, and a motor-driven water pump 10.

[0034] The six-way valve 1 may include a first connecting end 101, a second connecting end 102, a third connecting end 103, a fourth connecting end 104, and a fifth connecting end 105 arranged sequentially.

[0035] One end of the heat exchanger 3 is connected to the first connection end 101, and the other end is connected to the second connection end 102 through the first connection pipe 23.

[0036] One end of the motor 4 is connected to the fourth connection end 104, and the other end is connected to the fifth connection end 105 through the motor pump 10.

[0037] The third connection terminal 103 is connected to the heat exchanger 3 via the battery pack 2.

[0038] When the first connection end 101 and the fifth connection end 105 are connected, and the second connection end 102 and the fourth connection end 104 are connected, the fourth connection end 104, the motor 4, the motor water pump 10, the fifth connection end 105, the first connection end 101, the heat exchanger 3, the first connection pipe 23 and the second connection end 102 form a closed loop. This closed loop can be used for the passenger cabin mode to utilize the waste heat.

[0039] As an example, such as Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 for Figure 2 The refrigerant circuit configuration with the one-way valve 24, the V2 port of the three-way refrigerant valve 20, the electronic expansion valve 14, the shut-off valve 17, and the electronic expansion valve 12 closed, in the mode where waste heat is used for the passenger cabin, can be the gas-liquid separator 18, the compressor 19, the V1 port and V3 port of the three-way refrigerant valve 20, the indoor condenser 9, the one-way valve 11, the electronic expansion valve 6, and the heat exchanger 3 connected in sequence.

[0040] As an example, such as Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 for Figure 2 The refrigerant circuit configuration with the one-way valve 24, the V2 port of the three-way refrigerant valve 20, the electronic expansion valve 6, and the electronic expansion valve 12 closed, in the mode where waste heat is used for the passenger cabin, can be the outdoor heat exchanger 15, the shut-off valve 17, the gas-liquid separator 18, the compressor 19, the V1 port and V3 port of the three-way refrigerant valve 20, the indoor condenser 9, the one-way valve 11, and the electronic expansion valve 14 connected in sequence.

[0041] In this context, refrigerant is an intermediate substance in the refrigeration process. It can be a gaseous, liquid, or solid refrigerant. Gaseous refrigerants can include air, liquid refrigerants can include water, brine, etc., and solid refrigerants can include ice, dry ice, etc. As described in the example above, the refrigerant circuit in the waste heat utilization passenger cabin mode can be as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 5 The flow occurs simultaneously, passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 15, shut-off valve 17, heat exchanger 3, electronic expansion valve 6, gas-liquid separator 18, compressor 19, the V1 and V3 ports of the three-way refrigerant valve 20, the indoor condenser 9, check valve 11, and electronic expansion valve 14. If the battery pack requires heating, the three-way valve can be adjusted proportionally, opening all three ports.

[0042] The waste heat is used in the passenger cabin mode when the coolant temperature after the motor circuit is insulated is above -10℃. For example, in winter, when the motor circuit water temperature is insulated to a certain temperature, the refrigerant circuit heat pump mode can adjust the electronic expansion valve 6 to allow the refrigerant to absorb the waste heat of the motor circuit from the heat exchanger 3, thereby increasing the COP (COP: the ratio of the cooling capacity required by the refrigeration system to the heating capacity and the shaft power) of the heat pump system and reducing energy consumption. At this time, the refrigerant circuit absorbs the waste heat of the motor circuit from the heat exchanger 3 to heat the passenger cabin, making full use of the temperature range of waste heat utilization.

[0043] This thermal management system simplifies the existing thermal management system loop through the design of the first connecting pipe 23; and combined with the setting of the six-way valve 1, it reduces the number of thermal management control components, simplifies the layout, and facilitates the integration and modularization of system components. When the first connecting end 101 and the fifth connecting end 105 are connected, and the second connecting end 102 and the fourth connecting end 104 are connected, the refrigerant circuit absorbs the waste heat from the motor circuit from the heat exchanger 3 to heat the passenger compartment, without having to pass through the battery pack 2 and heat the battery pack 2, thus fully utilizing the temperature range of waste heat utilization.

[0044] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, the six-way valve may also include a sixth connection end 106, which is connected to the motor pump 10 and the motor 4 through the low-temperature water tank 16.

[0045] The thermal management system is connected to the sixth connection terminal 106 via the fourth connection terminal 104. The motor 4 is connected in series with the low-temperature water tank 16, so that the motor 4 can dissipate heat through the low-temperature water tank 16.

[0046] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, the thermal management system may also include a motor circuit, which may be formed by the motor-pump 10, the low-temperature water tank 16, and the motor 4 connected in sequence.

[0047] The thermal management system connects the motor 4 in series with the low-temperature water tank 16, allowing the motor 4 to dissipate heat through the low-temperature water tank 16.

[0048] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, the three-way valve 7 may include a V1 port connected to the heating core 8, a V2 port connected to the heating water pump 21, and a V3 port connected to the battery water pump 5. The thermal management system may also include a battery circuit, one end of which is connected to the battery pack 2 through the V2 port of the three-way valve 7, and the other end of which is connected to the heat exchanger 3 and the battery water pump 5 through the V3 port of the three-way valve 7.

[0049] The thermal management system can meet the cooling or heating needs of battery pack 2 by selecting the opening port of the three-way valve 7.

[0050] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, the thermal management system may also include a heating circuit, one end of which is connected to the heating core 8 through the V1 port of the three-way valve 7, and the other end is connected to the heating water pump 21 and the electric heater 22 through the V2 port of the three-way valve 7.

[0051] The thermal management system can supplement the heat to the battery pack 2 or passenger cabin through the electric heater 22 of the heating circuit.

[0052] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, the thermal management system may also include a refrigerant circuit, which is formed by a gas-liquid separator 18, a compressor 19, a three-way refrigerant valve 20, an indoor condenser 9, and a heat exchanger 3 connected in sequence.

[0053] The thermal management system absorbs waste heat from the motor circuit through the refrigerant circuit in the heat exchanger 3 to heat the passenger cabin, making full use of the temperature range for waste heat utilization.

[0054] Based on the structure of the aforementioned thermal management system, the thermal management system can have several modes. As an example, it may include a default mode, a motor insulation mode, a battery low-temperature heat dissipation mode, a waste heat heating battery mode, and a waste heat utilization mode for the passenger cabin mode; this application does not limit the specific modes.

[0055] When in the default mode, with the first connection terminal 101 and the third connection terminal 103 connected, and the fourth connection terminal 104 and the sixth connection terminal 106 connected, the fourth connection terminal 104, the motor 4, the motor water pump 10, the low-temperature water tank 16 and the sixth connection terminal 106 form a closed loop, and the first connection terminal 101, the heat exchanger 3, the battery water pump 5, the battery pack 2, the warm air core 8, the electric heater 22, the heating water pump 21 and the third connection terminal 103 form a closed loop.

[0056] In the default mode of the six-way valve 1, the motor 4 dissipates heat through the low-temperature water tank 16. If the battery pack 2 has a cooling requirement, the V1 and V2 ports of the three-way valve 7 are opened, the battery pack 2 is cooled, and the battery pack 2 is heated by the electric heater 22. This default mode can realize the functions of using the waste heat of the battery pack 2 to supplement the passenger cabin and to de-ice.

[0057] When in motor insulation mode, with the first connection terminal 101 and the third connection terminal 103 connected, and the fourth connection terminal 104 and the fifth connection terminal 105 connected, the first connection terminal 101, heat exchanger 3, battery water pump 5, battery pack 2, warm air core 8, electric heater 22, heating water pump 21 and the third connection terminal 103 form a closed loop; the fourth connection terminal 104, motor 4, motor water pump 10 and the fifth connection terminal 105 form a closed loop.

[0058] In the motor insulation mode of the six-way valve 1, the motor circuit does not pass through the low-temperature water tank 16. During motor operation, it can heat the water circuit, which then maintains its own temperature. When the water temperature reaches the temperature at which waste heat can be utilized, it switches to another mode. In this mode, the heating circuit and battery circuit function the same as in the default state. The temperature at which waste heat can be utilized can refer to the temperature of the heating battery pack or passenger compartment, for example, -10 to 40°C.

[0059] When the battery is in low-temperature heat dissipation mode, with the first connection terminal 101 and the sixth connection terminal 106 connected, and the third connection terminal 103 and the fourth connection terminal 104 connected, the fourth connection terminal 104, the motor 4, the motor water pump 10, the low-temperature water tank 16, the sixth connection terminal 106, the first connection terminal 101, the heat exchanger 3, the battery water pump 5, the battery pack 2, the warm air core 8, the electric heater 22, the heating water pump 21, and the third connection terminal 103 form a closed loop.

[0060] In the low-temperature cooling mode of the six-way valve 1, the application scenario can be vehicle idling, with the ambient temperature lower than the battery pack 2's body temperature by a certain value. During fast or slow charging of the battery pack 2, the battery circuit, motor circuit, and low-temperature water tank form a closed-loop circuit in series. The electric fan operates, dissipating the battery pack's heat into the environment through the low-temperature water tank 16. The compressor 19 does not need to be turned on to cool the battery pack 2 using refrigerant, achieving energy savings. This mode is suitable for spring, autumn, or winter. Simultaneously, this mode does not affect the supplemental heating function of the passenger compartment's electric heater 22. If the battery pack 2 requires cooling, the V1 and V2 ports of the three-way valve 7 are opened. The "certain value" can be, for example, 3-10℃.

[0061] When in waste heat heating battery mode, with the first connection terminal 101 and the fifth connection terminal 105 connected, and the third connection terminal 103 and the fourth connection terminal 104 connected, the fourth connection terminal 104, motor 4, motor water pump 10, fifth connection terminal 105, first connection terminal 101, heat exchanger 3, battery water pump 5, battery pack 2, warm air core 8, electric heater 22, heating water pump 21 and third connection terminal 103 form a closed loop.

[0062] In the waste heat heating battery mode of the six-way valve 1, the application scenario is that the coolant temperature after the motor circuit insulation is higher than the target inlet water temperature required by the battery pack 2. For example, when the machine is running at high speed for a long time, the battery circuit and the motor circuit (excluding the low-temperature water tank 16) form a closed loop. This mode does not affect the heat replenishment function of the electric heater 22 in the passenger compartment. If the battery pack 2 has a cooling requirement, the V1 and V2 ports of the three-way valve 7 will be opened. The target inlet water temperature can be more than 5°C higher than the target water temperature of the battery pack 2.

[0063] Accordingly, the refrigerant circuits for different modes can be referenced. Figures 4-6 .

[0064] As an example, with the thermal management system in default mode, such as Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 for Figure 2 In the case where the refrigerant circuit is closed at port V2 of the three-way refrigerant valve 20, check valve 24, and electronic expansion valve 6, the three-way refrigerant valve 20 may include port V1 connected to compressor 19, port V3 connected to indoor condenser 9, and port V2 connected to outdoor heat exchanger 15. In this case, the refrigerant circuit consists of, in sequence: outdoor heat exchanger 15, shut-off valve 17, evaporator 13, gas-liquid separator 18, compressor 19, ports V1 and V3 of the three-way refrigerant valve 20, indoor condenser 9, electronic expansion valve 12, check valve 11, and electronic expansion valve 14.

[0065] As an example, such as Figure 5 As shown, the refrigerant circuit consists of an outdoor heat exchanger 15, a shut-off valve 17, a gas-liquid separator 18, a compressor 19, the V1 port and V3 port of a three-way refrigerant valve 20, an indoor condenser 9, a one-way valve 11, and an electronic expansion valve 14, connected in sequence.

[0066] As an example, such as Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 for Figure 2 When the V3 port of the three-way refrigerant valve 20, the one-way valve 11, and the electronic expansion valve 14 are closed, the refrigerant circuit consists of the outdoor heat exchanger 15, the one-way valve 24, the electronic expansion valve 12, the electronic expansion valve 6, the evaporator 13, the heat exchanger 3, the gas-liquid separator 18, the compressor 19, and the V1 and V2 ports of the three-way refrigerant valve 20 connected in sequence.

[0067] As an example, when the thermal management system is in motor insulation mode, the refrigerant circuit can be as follows: Figure 4 or Figure 5 As shown above, please refer to the description for details, which will not be repeated here.

[0068] As an example, when the thermal management system is in battery low-temperature heat dissipation mode, the cold loop medium can be as follows: Figure 4 or Figure 5 or Figure 6 As shown above, please refer to the description for details, which will not be repeated here.

[0069] As an example, when the thermal management system is in waste heat heating battery mode, the refrigerant circuit can be as follows: Figure 4 or Figure 5 As shown above, please refer to the description for details, which will not be repeated here.

[0070] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. Therefore, any equivalent variations made in accordance with the claims of this application shall still fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A thermal management system, characterized in that, Includes a six-way valve, heat exchanger, motor, first connecting pipe, battery pack, and motor-driven water pump; The six-way valve includes a first connecting end, a second connecting end, a third connecting end, a fourth connecting end, and a fifth connecting end arranged sequentially. One end of the heat exchanger is connected to the first connection end, and the other end is connected to the second connection end through the first connection pipe; One end of the motor is connected to the fourth connection end, and the other end is connected to the fifth connection end through the motor water pump; The third connection terminal is connected to the heat exchanger via the battery pack; When the first connection end is connected to the fifth connection end and the second connection end is connected to the fourth connection end, the fourth connection end, the motor, the motor pump, the fifth connection end, the first connection end, the heat exchanger, the first connection pipeline, and the second connection end form a closed loop; The six-way valve also includes a sixth connection end, which is connected to the motor pump and the motor via a low-temperature water tank.

2. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal management system includes a motor circuit, which is formed by the motor-driven water pump, the low-temperature water tank, the DC-DC converter, the charger, the motor controller, and the motor connected in sequence.

3. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal management system includes a battery circuit. One end of the battery circuit is connected to the battery pack through the second port of a three-way valve, and the other end is connected to the heat exchanger and the battery water pump through the third port of the three-way valve.

4. The thermal management system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The thermal management system includes a heating circuit. One end of the heating circuit is connected to the heating core through the first port of the three-way valve, and the other end is connected to the heating water pump and electric heater through the second port of the three-way valve.

5. The thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thermal management system includes a refrigerant circuit, which is formed by a gas-liquid separator, a compressor, a three-way refrigerant valve, an indoor condenser, and the heat exchanger connected in sequence.

6. The thermal management system according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the first connection terminal is connected to the third connection terminal and the fourth connection terminal is connected to the sixth connection terminal, the fourth connection terminal, the motor, the motor water pump, the low-temperature water tank, and the sixth connection terminal form a closed loop, and the first connection terminal, the heat exchanger, the battery water pump, the battery pack, the warm air core, the electric heater, the heating water pump, and the third connection terminal form a closed loop.

7. The thermal management system according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the first connection terminal is connected to the third connection terminal and the fourth connection terminal is connected to the fifth connection terminal, the first connection terminal, the heat exchanger, the battery water pump, the battery pack, the warm air core, the electric heater, the heating water pump, and the third connection terminal form a closed loop; the fourth connection terminal, the motor, the motor water pump, and the fifth connection terminal form a closed loop.

8. The thermal management system according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the first connection terminal is connected to the sixth connection terminal and the third connection terminal is connected to the fourth connection terminal, the fourth connection terminal, the motor, the motor water pump, the low-temperature water tank, the sixth connection terminal, the first connection terminal, the heat exchanger, the battery water pump, the battery pack, the warm air core, the electric heater, the heating water pump, and the third connection terminal form a closed loop.

9. The thermal management system according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the first connection terminal is connected to the fifth connection terminal and the third connection terminal is connected to the fourth connection terminal, the fourth connection terminal, the motor, the motor water pump, the fifth connection terminal, the first connection terminal, the heat exchanger, the battery water pump, the battery pack, the warm air core, the electric heater, the heating water pump, and the third connection terminal form a closed loop.

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