High-voltage series battery management system and chip

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a high-voltage series battery management system and chip. The high-voltage series battery management system includes: an edge computing perception system, the edge computing perception system includes a collection front-end unit, a power management unit, an edge computing unit and a communication unit, wherein the collection front-end unit is used to obtain physical parameters of the battery as basic parameters of the battery, the edge computing unit is used to obtain battery status information according to the basic parameters, and the power management unit is used to at least power the collection front-end unit, the edge computing unit and the communication unit; and a local management unit, the local management unit communicates with the edge computing perception system based on the communication unit, and the local management unit performs local protection of the battery according to the received battery status information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a high voltage series battery management system and a chip Background Art

[0002] During the use of the battery module, it is necessary to monitor the use status and safety status of the battery module. Usually, various detection components are set to detect various physical parameters of the battery module, and then the collected physical parameters are transmitted to the calculation unit. However, interference and other problems may occur during the transmission process, which will cause the physical parameters used as the basis for calculation to be inaccurate.

[0003] Patent document 1 discloses a system and device for monitoring large battery modules using a wireless sensor network. In patent document 1, a wireless sensor network is used to transmit battery performance data to a battery management system, and the battery management system can determine at least one of the charging state, health state, and remaining service life data of the entire battery module through the received performance data. In the prior art such as patent document 1, since the use conditions of the battery module are changeable, the transmission of the performance data will be subject to a lot of interference, resulting in inaccurate data received by the battery management system, and the battery management system may make misjudgments.

[0004] Patent document 1: U.S. Patent Publication No. US20100196748A1. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve one of the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a high-voltage series battery management system.

[0006] A high voltage series battery management system according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes:

[0007] An edge computing perception system, the edge computing perception system comprising a collection front-end unit, a power management unit, an edge computing unit and a communication unit, wherein the collection front-end unit is used to obtain physical parameters of a battery as basic parameters of the battery, the edge computing unit is used to obtain battery status information according to the basic parameters, and the power management unit is used to at least power the collection front-end unit, the edge computing unit and the communication unit; and

[0008] A local management unit, wherein the local management unit communicates with the edge computing perception system based on the communication unit, and the local management unit performs local protection of the battery according to the received battery status information.

[0009] According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the high-voltage series battery management system further includes a balancing control unit to implement active balancing control or passive balancing control.

[0010] According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the high-voltage series battery management system further includes: a cloud management system, which can communicate with the local management unit to receive data from the local management unit for information storage and big data calculation.

[0011] According to at least one embodiment of the high-voltage series battery management system of the present disclosure, the acquisition front-end unit is used to obtain the measurement value of at least one physical parameter of the battery, including voltage, temperature, current, dynamic impedance, internal pressure, and internal micro-current short circuit, and the edge computing unit is used to calculate the state of the battery and / or predict the safety state of the battery based on the measurement value.

[0012] According to at least one embodiment of the high-voltage series battery management system of the present disclosure, the acquisition front-end unit is used to locally and synchronously acquire the cell voltage of the battery in real time and directly control the balancing current.

[0013] According to the high-voltage series battery management system of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the power management unit is powered by a battery or a communication, and the battery power is used as the main power supply or the backup power supply and the communication power supply of the communication unit is used as the backup power supply or the main power supply.

[0014] According to the high-voltage series battery management system of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the edge computing unit extracts the dynamic impedance of the battery, obtains the internal pressure parameters of the battery, obtains the internal micro-short circuit conditions, and / or calculates / predicts the temperature field to screen abnormal heat sources.

[0015] According to the high-voltage series battery management system of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the communication between the edge computing unit and the local management unit adopts a wired method or a wireless method, wherein the wired method adopts at least one of CAN bus, flexray, Ethernet, RS-422, RS-485, and a customized private communication protocol, and the wireless method adopts at least one of WIFI, Bluetooth, 2.4G private network, star or Mesh network architecture.

[0016] A high-voltage series battery management system according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure includes multiple acquisition front-end units, and the communication architecture of the multiple acquisition front-end units is configured as follows: the multiple acquisition front-end units communicate in parallel through transceiver ports, and the head-end acquisition front-end unit among the multiple acquisition front-end units communicates with the transceiver unit through the transceiver port, the end acquisition front-end unit communicates with the transceiver unit through the transceiver port, and the transceiver unit communicates with the edge computing unit.

[0017] According to the high-voltage series battery management system of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the communication architecture adopts a signal encoding method to digitally modulate and demodulate digital signals from multiple acquisition front-end units.

[0018] According to the high-voltage series battery management system of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the edge computing unit receives the noise signal from the acquisition front-end unit, performs frequency domain analysis on the noise signal, calculates the noise frequency band and noise amplitude on the transmission line, and after the calculation is completed, the edge computing unit selects a frequency band away from the noise frequency band for encoding.

[0019] According to at least one embodiment of the high-voltage series battery management system of the present disclosure, the transceiver unit sends a specific synchronization frame to the acquisition front-end unit for clock synchronization, the acquisition front-end unit acquires the period of the specific synchronization frame, and then the acquisition front-end unit calibrates the ratio of its own timer to the specific synchronization frame, and the acquisition front-end unit adjusts the clock deviation of its own timer and the edge computing unit according to the ratio, thereby completing the function of clock synchronization alignment.

[0020] According to a high-voltage series battery management system of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of edge computing units is N, where N≥2, and the communication unit includes a first power supply channel and a second power supply channel, the first power supply channel and the second power supply channel are connected in parallel through a power supply bus, and each of the N edge computing units is connected to the power supply channel to realize a star-connected ring bus architecture.

[0021] According to a high-voltage series battery management system of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the communication unit also includes a first communication channel and a second communication channel, the first communication channel and the second channel are connected in parallel through a communication bus, and each of the N edge computing units is connected to the communication bus to realize a star-connected ring bus architecture.

[0022] According to the high-voltage series battery management system of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the communication bus and the power supply bus are the same bus, so that the communication bus and the power supply bus share the same bus.

[0023] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a large-scale battery energy storage management chip is provided, wherein the management chip integrates the edge computing perception system, the local management unit and the balancing control unit in the high-voltage series battery management system as described above.

[0024] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a high-voltage series battery management system is provided, comprising:

[0025] A noise frequency band identification unit, wherein the noise frequency band identification unit is used to receive an input signal;

[0026] a frequency selection input unit, the frequency selection input unit being used to provide different test frequencies to the noise frequency band identification unit, wherein the noise frequency band identification unit determines the noise frequency in the input signal according to the received input signal and the different test frequencies;

[0027] a coding frequency selection unit, wherein the coding frequency selection unit selects a frequency in a frequency band far from the noise frequency as the coding frequency according to the noise frequency; and

[0028] A modulation and demodulation unit receives the input signal and the coding frequency, modulates the input signal according to the coding frequency to generate a modulation signal, and demodulates the modulation signal according to the coding frequency to generate a demodulation signal.

[0029] According to a high-voltage series battery management system of at least one embodiment of another aspect of the present disclosure, in the noise frequency band identification unit, the input signal is multiplied by the sine wave and / or cosine wave of the test frequency and the generated signal is low-pass filtered to generate a filtered signal, and the noise frequency in the input signal is determined based on the filtered signal.

[0030] According to a high-voltage series battery management system of at least one embodiment of another aspect of the present disclosure, in the modulation and demodulation unit, during the modulation process, the input signal is mapped into I-channel data and Q-channel data, and the cosine wave signal of the coding frequency is multiplied by the I-channel data and the sine wave signal of the coding frequency is multiplied by the A-channel data, and the two generated data are added to obtain a modulated signal. During the demodulation process, the modulated signal is respectively multiplied by the cosine wave signal of the coding frequency and the sine wave signal of the coding frequency, and the two obtained signals are low-pass filtered to demodulate the input signal.

[0031] According to at least one embodiment of another aspect of the present disclosure, a high-voltage series battery management system is characterized in that it includes an edge computing perception system, which includes an acquisition front-end unit, a power management unit, an edge computing unit and a communication unit, wherein the acquisition front-end unit is used to obtain physical parameters of the battery as basic parameters of the battery, the edge computing unit is used to obtain battery status information based on the basic parameters, and the power management unit is at least used to power the acquisition front-end unit, the edge computing unit and the communication unit, wherein the noise frequency band identification unit, the frequency selection input unit and the coding frequency selection unit are arranged in the edge computing unit.

[0032] According to at least one embodiment of another aspect of the present disclosure, the high-voltage series battery management system further includes a local management unit, which communicates with the edge computing perception system based on the communication unit, and the local management unit performs local protection of the battery according to the received battery status information.

[0033] According to at least one embodiment of another aspect of the present disclosure, the high-voltage series battery management system further includes: a cloud management system capable of communicating with the local management unit to receive data from the local management unit for information storage and big data calculation.

[0034] According to a high-voltage series battery management system of at least one embodiment of another aspect of the present disclosure, the power management unit is powered by a battery or a communication, and the battery power is used as the main power supply or the backup power supply and the communication power supply of the communication unit is used as the backup power supply or the main power supply.

[0035] According to the high-voltage series battery management system of at least one embodiment of another aspect of the present disclosure, the communication between the edge computing unit and the local management unit adopts a wired method or a wireless method, wherein the wired method adopts at least one of CAN bus, flexray, Ethernet, RS-422, RS-485, and a customized private communication protocol, and the wireless method adopts at least one of WIFI, Bluetooth, 2.4G private network, star or Mesh network architecture.

[0036] According to at least one embodiment of another aspect of the present disclosure, a high-voltage series battery management system includes multiple acquisition front-end units, and the communication architecture of the multiple acquisition front-end units is configured as follows: the multiple acquisition front-end units communicate in parallel through transceiver ports, and the head-end acquisition front-end unit among the multiple acquisition front-end units communicates with the transceiver unit through the transceiver port, the end acquisition front-end unit communicates with the transceiver unit through the transceiver port, and the transceiver unit communicates with the edge computing unit.

[0037] According to a high-voltage series battery management system of at least one embodiment of another aspect of the present disclosure, the transceiver unit sends a specific synchronization frame to the acquisition front-end unit for clock synchronization, the acquisition front-end unit acquires the period of the specific synchronization frame, and then the acquisition front-end unit calibrates the ratio of its own timer to the specific synchronization frame, and the acquisition front-end unit adjusts the clock deviation of its own timer and the edge computing unit according to the ratio, thereby completing the function of clock synchronization alignment.

[0038] According to a high-voltage series battery management system of at least one embodiment of another aspect of the present disclosure, the number of the edge computing units is N, where N≥2, the communication unit includes a first power supply channel and a second power supply channel, the first power supply channel and the second power supply channel are connected in parallel through a power supply bus, and each of the N edge computing units is connected to the power supply channel to realize a star-connected ring bus architecture.

[0039] According to a high-voltage series battery management system of at least one embodiment of another aspect of the present disclosure, the communication unit also includes a first communication channel and a second communication channel, the first communication channel and the second channel are connected in parallel through a communication bus, and each of the N edge computing units is connected to the communication bus to realize a star-connected ring bus architecture.

[0040] According to at least one embodiment of a high-voltage series battery management system according to yet another aspect of the present disclosure, the communication bus and the power supply bus are the same bus, so that the communication bus and the power supply bus share the same bus. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure. These drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification.

[0042] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a management system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0043] Figure 2 is a flow chart of battery impedance measurement according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0044] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a daisy chain communication architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0045] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a frequency hopping method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0046] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of noise frequency processing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0047] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a power supply method of a star-connected ring architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The present disclosure is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementations. It is understood that the specific implementations described herein are only used to explain the relevant content, rather than to limit the present disclosure. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0049] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present disclosure can be combined with each other. The technical solution of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0050] Unless otherwise specified, the exemplary embodiments / embodiments shown will be understood as providing exemplary features of various details of some ways in which the technical concept of the present disclosure can be implemented in practice. Therefore, unless otherwise specified, the features of the various embodiments / embodiments can be combined, separated, interchanged and / or rearranged without departing from the technical concept of the present disclosure.

[0051] The use of cross-hatching and / or shading in the accompanying drawings is generally used to make the boundaries between adjacent components clear. As such, unless otherwise specified, the presence or absence of cross-hatching or shading does not convey or indicate any preference or requirement for the specific materials, material properties, dimensions, proportions, commonalities between the components shown, and / or any other characteristics, attributes, properties, etc. of the components. In addition, in the accompanying drawings, the sizes and relative sizes of the components may be exaggerated for clarity and / or descriptive purposes. When the exemplary embodiments can be implemented differently, the specific process sequence can be performed in a different order than described. For example, two successively described processes can be performed substantially simultaneously or in an order opposite to the described order. In addition, the same figure numbers represent the same components.

[0052] When a component is referred to as being "on" or "over," "connected to," or "coupled to" another component, the component may be directly on, directly connected to, or directly coupled to the other component, or intervening components may be present. However, when a component is referred to as being "directly on," "directly connected to," or "directly coupled to" another component, there are no intervening components. For this purpose, the term "connected" may refer to a physical connection, an electrical connection, etc., with or without intervening components.

[0053] For descriptive purposes, the present disclosure may use spatially relative terms such as "under," "beneath," "under," "down," "over," "upper," "above," "higher," and "side (e.g., as in "sidewall")," to describe the relationship of one component to another (other) component as shown in the accompanying drawings. The spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use, operation, and / or manufacture in addition to the orientation depicted in the accompanying drawings. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is turned over, components described as "under" or "beneath" other components or features would subsequently be positioned "over" the other components or features. Thus, the exemplary term "under" can encompass both the "above" and "below" orientations. Furthermore, the device may be otherwise oriented (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptors used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0054] The terms used here are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to be restrictive. As used here, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "one (kind, person)" and "said (the)" are also intended to include plural forms. In addition, when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" and their variations are used in this specification, it is explained that there are stated features, integral bodies, steps, operations, parts, assemblies and / or their groups, but it is not excluded that there are or add one or more other features, integral bodies, steps, operations, parts, assemblies and / or their groups. It should also be noted that, as used here, the terms "substantially", "approximately" and other similar terms are used as approximate terms and not as degree terms, so that they are used to explain the inherent deviations of the measured values, calculated values ​​and / or the values ​​provided that will be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0055] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a high-voltage series battery management system is provided.

[0056] Figure 1 An embodiment of a high voltage series battery management system according to the present disclosure is shown. Figure 1 As shown, the large battery may include more than one battery module 10 , wherein each battery module may be formed by connecting multiple batteries in parallel. More than one battery module 10 may be managed by an energy storage management system 20 .

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, the energy storage management system 20 may include an edge computing perception system 210 , a local management unit 220 and a cloud management center 230 .

[0058] The edge computing perception system 210 may include a collection front-end unit 211, a power management unit 212, an edge computing unit 213, and a communication unit 214. Furthermore, the edge computing perception system 210 may also include a balancing control circuit 215.

[0059] The acquisition front-end unit 211 may be used to obtain at least one battery physical parameter of the battery, including voltage, temperature, current, dynamic resistance, internal pressure, etc.

[0060] exist Figure 1 Only the situation of acquiring the voltage parameters of each battery cell and the battery module of the battery module 10 through the acquisition front-end unit 211 is shown. The acquisition front-end unit 211 can acquire the temperature parameters of the battery, for example, the temperature parameters can be acquired through a temperature sensor arranged near the battery module. The acquisition front-end unit 211 can acquire the current parameters of the battery, for example, the current parameters can be acquired through a current detection resistor arranged on the high-voltage side or the low-voltage side of the battery module, and the current of each battery cell in the balancing circuit can also be acquired. In addition, the acquisition front-end unit 211 can also be used to detect the dynamic resistance parameters of the battery and measure the pressure parameters of the battery module through a pressure measurement component, etc. These parameters acquired by the acquisition front-end unit 211 can be used as the basic parameters of the battery.

[0061] As an example, the acquisition front-end unit 211 may include a multiplexing switch and an analog-to-digital converter, and of course, it may also include a filtering circuit, etc. The multiplexing switch may be used to select the battery cell to be measured. The analog-to-digital converter may receive at least one of a voltage parameter, a temperature parameter, a current parameter, a dynamic resistance parameter, a pressure parameter, etc., and the received parameter may be converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter.

[0062] The edge computing unit 213 may receive the basic parameters from the acquisition front-end unit 211, and obtain the battery status information according to the basic parameters. For example, the edge computing unit 213 may calculate the battery status through the obtained battery physical parameters, which may include the battery's state of charge, health status, etc., and predict the battery's safety status based on dynamic impedance, internal pressure, temperature field, and operating status, etc.

[0063] According to a specific example of the present application, the edge computing unit of the present application can calculate the battery impedance of the battery. Figure 2 A method M200 for measuring battery impedance is shown.

[0064] like Figure 2As shown, the battery module to be tested is made to perform balanced discharge (step S202) through the balancing control unit, and the current data of the battery discharge is collected in step S204. And the battery voltage data during the discharge process is collected in step S206. The collected current data and voltage data can be transmitted to the edge computing unit through the acquisition front-end unit 211. In step S208, the edge computing unit can calculate the battery impedance based on the current data and voltage data.

[0065] As an example, you can use the formula To calculate the battery impedance, is the cell impedance of the battery, is the battery voltage of each battery, is the number of battery cells in the battery module, The current discharging the battery.

[0066] In order to measure the performance and safety of the battery, the following method is innovatively adopted in the present application to measure the diffusion coefficient of the lithium-ion battery.

[0067] In order to measure the diffusion coefficient of the battery, in this application, the following four voltage data are obtained by collecting the front-end unit 211. The voltage before the pulse discharge , the instantaneous voltage of constant current discharge , voltage at the end of constant current discharge , the voltage of the battery at the end of static state The voltage before the pulse discharge can be and the instantaneous voltage of constant current discharge The difference between the voltage and the impedance of the battery can be used to determine the effect of the internal ohmic impedance and charge transfer impedance on the voltage change. To reflect the voltage change caused by the diffusion of lithium ions into NCM materials (ternary materials). This reflects the voltage change of the active material caused by the redistribution of lithium ions within the active material and the final stabilization.

[0068] Based on the data obtained above, the following formula can be used to calculate the diffusion coefficient of lithium ions in lithium batteries.

[0069] ,in is the diffusion coefficient; is the discharge pulse duration; is the diffusion coefficient; is the voltage difference between the resting battery voltage before discharge starts and after discharge stops; It is the voltage drop caused by the DC resistance at the moment when discharge starts.

[0070] In addition, in the present application, the polarization voltage of the battery is also measured. By collecting the polarization voltage measured by the front-end unit 211, the edge computing unit 213 performs calculations so that different optimized charging strategies can be adopted through the local management unit.

[0071] Furthermore, the micro short circuit inside the battery can be measured. After the battery enters the static balance voltage, the voltage drop of the battery is measured at fixed intervals. If the rate of battery drop is greater than the average rate of drop of other batteries, the leakage performance of the battery itself is diagnosed. For individual batteries, the trend of the historical leakage current of each battery over its life can be tracked through historical data records. When the voltage drop rate is greater than a certain threshold, it is considered that there is a micro short circuit inside the battery cell. At this time, the local management unit performs battery management based on the micro short circuit signal of the edge computing unit.

[0072] In addition, temperature sampling sensors can be set at different locations inside the battery pack to obtain the temperature change trend and rising trend at each location. The edge computing unit can locate the abnormal heat source inside the battery pack based on the temperature signal collected from the front-end unit, whether it is an external heat source or the heat source of the battery itself. The local management unit manages the battery based on the temperature signal of the edge computing unit.

[0073] In addition, the collection and calculation of other physical parameters can refer to the wire pipe content in the prior art and will not be repeated in this article.

[0074] In summary, the edge computing unit of the present application can extract the dynamic impedance of the battery, obtain the internal pressure parameters of the battery, obtain the internal micro-short circuit conditions, and calculate / predict the temperature field to screen abnormal heat sources.

[0075] The acquisition front-end unit can collect the voltage of each battery cell in the battery module, collect the temperature points arranged in the battery module, collect the current of each battery cell in the balancing circuit, and collect the pressure changes of the battery cell to warn the risk of internal battery failure in advance. In addition, the acquisition front-end unit can realize the synchronous acquisition function, realize the synchronization of the battery cell voltage and the balancing current, that is, it is used for localized real-time synchronous acquisition of the battery cell voltage and direct control of the balancing current. In addition, the acquisition front-end unit can also realize the detection functions of auxiliary diagnostic signal monitoring, power supply unit voltage, chip internal temperature, chip internal reference voltage, etc.

[0076] In the edge computing unit, it is possible to extract parameters of dynamic impedance, such as first-order parameters, second-order parameters, etc.; long-term tracking of internal pressure of battery cells, abnormal alarms, etc.; diagnosis of micro-short circuits and abnormal leakage inside battery cells; calculation of temperature fields inside battery modules to determine abnormal heat sources; frequency domain decomposition of full-frequency impedance; provision of voltage result outputs with different cutoff frequencies; simultaneous calculation of SOC and SOH; and battery cell working status detection and fault alarms.

[0077] The power management unit can be powered by a battery module or a communication unit, and can automatically select whether to be powered by a battery module or a communication unit. The battery management unit can provide power for the acquisition front-end unit, edge computing unit, balancing control unit, communication unit, etc. In addition, the battery management unit can be powered by the communication unit for backup power supply, for example, it can be isolated by a transformer.

[0078] For the balancing control unit, it can be started or stopped by the edge computing unit algorithm or by a command from the cloud management center. The balancing control unit can support passive balancing and active balancing. And the balancing current can be collected by the front-end unit, and the balancing timeout protection, voltage overvoltage / undervoltage protection, balancing current protection, over-temperature protection, etc. can also be realized.

[0079] The edge computing unit and the local management unit exchange information and control protocols through the communication unit. The communication between the two is carried out in a wired or wireless manner. The wired method uses CAN bus, flexray, Ethernet, RS-422, RS-485, customized private communication protocols, etc. The wireless method supports WIFI, Bluetooth, 2.4G private network, star or Mesh network architecture, etc. The communication unit can include a data transmission interface. In the wired mode, POC (Power on Communication) is supported. The data transmission interface can use a star connection bus mode, support online expansion of the number of nodes, and facilitate online maintenance of battery modules. At the same time, a competition mechanism can be used. Clock synchronization can be performed, and all calculations are periodically synchronized at the master node. All nodes can automatically allocate time slices for uploading data to all child nodes according to the time after synchronization, allocate bus bandwidth with maximum efficiency, and support data isolation, etc. The data transmission structure can be wireless. In the wireless mode, clock synchronization, Hopping, dual star master node, NFC power supply, 2.4G / NFC dual-frequency data communication, online flexible expansion of network nodes and other functions can be used.

[0080] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the signal of the acquisition front-end unit can be processed by setting an edge computing unit, so that the processed signal is transmitted to the local management unit, which can ensure the stability of the signal, thereby well avoiding problems such as signal errors. In the usual way, due to the interference problem, if the signal of the acquisition front-end unit is transmitted, signal interference will inevitably occur, so that the detection signal obtained by the local management unit will be inaccurate.

[0081] According to the implementation mode of the present disclosure, a new BMS (battery management system) communication method is adopted. In the technical solution of the present application, the BMS communication method does not use a fixed period and / or a fixed frequency for communication. The method adopted is to use a new communication architecture to support channel selection and frequency hopping to avoid interference with frequency bands. At extremely low transmission power, better and more reliable communication can be achieved to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. The traditional BMS communication method uses a daisy chain architecture. In the present disclosure, an architecture that supports daisy chains and star networks is adopted. According to one implementation mode of the present disclosure, a ring chain architecture is provided. Figure 3 FIG. 1 shows a ring-type chain architecture according to the present disclosure. Figure 3 In this paper, three acquisition front-end units are used as an example. However, according to the actual situation, the number of acquisition front-end units may be more than three. Figure 3 The following is an explanation of the embodiments of three acquisition front-end units.

[0082] The three acquisition front-end units (AFE) receive the acquisition signals of their respective battery modules, such as the voltage signal of each battery (see Figure 1 ). The three acquisition front-end units have a first transceiver port and a second transceiver port, respectively. The first transceiver port of the first acquisition front-end unit AFE1 communicates with the transceiver unit, the second transceiver port of the first acquisition front-end unit AFE1 communicates with the first transceiver port of the second acquisition front-end unit AFE2, the second transceiver port of the second acquisition front-end unit AFE2 communicates with the first transceiver port of the third acquisition front-end unit AFE3, and the second transceiver port of the third acquisition front-end unit AFE3 communicates with the transceiver unit. When the number of acquisition front-end units is more than three, based on the same principle, the first transceiver port of the head-end acquisition front-end unit can communicate with the transceiver unit, and then multiple acquisition front-end units are connected in parallel and communicate through each corresponding transceiver port, and the second transceiver port of the terminal acquisition front-end unit can communicate with the transceiver unit. The transceiver unit can communicate with the edge computing unit through the CAN bus.

[0083] According to the novel communication architecture, a coding protocol such as a signal coding method can be adopted, which can improve the redundancy of data. As described above, an analog-to-digital converter is provided in the acquisition front-end unit. Therefore, the signal output by the acquisition front-end unit is a digital signal. Therefore, the modulation method used in this application is digital modulation. In the process of digital modulation, the transmission of digital signals is achieved by controlling the amplitude, frequency or phase of the high-frequency carrier.

[0084] In one type of modulation and demodulation process, the digital signal s 3 s 2 s 1 s 0 Input to the mapping unit of the modulator, during modulation, one bit of the digital signal is mapped to one I-channel data, and the Q-channel data is constant at 0 level. c Square wave cosw c t Multiply with I data, sinw c t Multiply the Q data by the Q channel, and add the outputs of the two multipliers through the adder. Then the output of the adder is used as the output of the modulator. During the demodulation process, the input of the demodulator receives the input of the modulator's adder. cosw c t Multiply it with the demodulator input, and demodulate the I-channel data after passing through a low-pass filter (LPF). sinw c t Multiply it with the input of the demodulator, and demodulate the Q channel data after passing through a low-pass filter (LPF). Finally, the I channel data and Q channel data are input to the sampling and decision unit to demodulate the digital signal s 3 s 2 s 1 s 0 During demodulation, the sampled I-channel data is mapped to one bit, thus completing the modulation and demodulation of this type.

[0085] In another type of modulation and demodulation process, the digital signal s 3 s 2 s 1 s 0Input to the mapping unit of the modulator, when modulating, the 2 bits of the digital signal are mapped to a pair of IQ data. cosw c t Multiply with I data, sinw c t Multiply the Q data by the Q channel, and add the outputs of the two multipliers through the adder. Then the output of the adder is used as the output of the modulator. During the demodulation process, the input of the demodulator receives the input of the modulator's adder. cosw c t Multiply it with the demodulator input, and demodulate the I-channel data after passing through a low-pass filter (LPF). sinw c t Multiply it with the input of the demodulator, and demodulate the Q channel data after passing through a low-pass filter (LPF). Finally, the I channel data and Q channel data are input to the sampling and decision unit to demodulate the digital signal s 3 s 2 s 1 s 0 During demodulation, the sampled pair of IQ data is mapped to 2 bits, thus completing another type of modulation and demodulation.

[0086] In actual applications, the new communication architecture can also support the reverse wake-up function. When the edge computing unit is dormant, the acquisition front-end unit automatically samples and protects, and actively sends a wake-up frame when a fault occurs to wake up the edge computing unit. The new communication architecture of this application is adopted. Network clock synchronization alignment can be supported. When in star connection, automatic networking and positioning can be achieved, and sub-nodes can be flexibly expanded and added. In addition, the star connection also supports frequency division multiplexing, which allows all acquisition front-end units to send and receive data on different channels.

[0087] According to the novel communication architecture disclosed in the present invention, channel selection and frequency hopping are supported to avoid interfering frequency bands. Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a logical diagram of a frequency hopping method according to the present disclosure. Figure 5 The transmitting unit and the receiving unit can be arranged in Figure 3The transceiver unit shown. According to the method disclosed in the present invention, the receiving end collects the noise signal from the collection front-end unit, and can transmit the noise signal to the edge computing unit through the RX channel via the receiving part. The edge computing unit can perform frequency domain analysis on the noise signal. The edge computing unit calculates according to the frequency band and amplitude of the noise signal on the transmission line (Bus). After the calculation is completed, the edge computing unit selects a frequency band away from the noise frequency band. The battery management system will then transmit data according to the above-mentioned encoding method, and perform corresponding modulation and demodulation.

[0088] According to the technical solution of the present disclosure, the edge computing unit will select a frequency band far away from the noise band to encode the relevant signal. Therefore, in the present disclosure, it is also necessary to solve how to identify the noise band, so as to obtain a frequency band far away from the noise band to encode the signal.

[0089] In the present application, a noise frequency band identification unit, a frequency selection input unit, and a coding frequency selection unit can be designed. In the present disclosure, the three units can be set in the edge computing unit or separately. It should also be noted that the role of the three units is to avoid noise interference during signal transmission, which is not only applicable to the scenario of the edge computing unit as described above, but also to other signal transmission application scenarios in the battery management system.

[0090] For example Figure 5As shown, the noise frequency band identification unit can receive an external input signal (input signal with noise), and can also receive a frequency (test frequency) for identification provided by the frequency selection input unit. The frequency selection input unit is used to input different frequency signals to the noise frequency band identification unit. After the noise frequency band identification unit receives the different frequencies w input by the frequency selection input unit, it will use different frequencies to identify the noise frequency in the input signal. For example, the input signal s can be multiplied by coswt (for different frequencies input by the frequency selection input unit) and -sinwt respectively. The product of the input signal s and coswt (cosine wave) is low-pass filtered through a low-pass filter LPF, and the product of the input signal s and -sinwt (sine wave) is low-pass filtered through a low-pass filter LPF. The two-way filtered signals can be input to the decision unit. In the decision unit, the noise frequency is determined. For example, the decision unit can select the frequency corresponding to the filter signal close to zero value (the frequency input by the frequency selection input unit) as the noise frequency. In the present application, the frequency selection input unit can input different frequencies respectively, and the above operation can be performed for each frequency. In addition, although in the above description, coswt and sinwt are used as examples to process the input signal, one of them can be used to process the input signal, so that the corresponding effect can be achieved. However, in the present disclosure, it is preferred to process the input signal accordingly by coswt and sinwt, so as to eliminate phase interference, etc.

[0091] Finally, the decision unit can provide the determined noise frequency to the coding frequency selection unit. The coding frequency selection unit can select a frequency far away from the noise frequency band according to the determined noise frequency and provide it to the modulation and demodulation unit. The modulation and demodulation unit can encode the input signal according to the frequency provided by the coding frequency selection unit, and can use the frequency to decode the coded signal, thereby realizing the corresponding communication function. According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, by selecting a suitable frequency for encoding and decoding, the noise interference problem in the signal transmission process can be effectively eliminated.

[0092] In addition, for the specific content of decoding and encoding, please refer to the above description.

[0093] As described above, the novel communication architecture according to the present disclosure can support the function of network clock synchronization alignment. Figure 3In the present disclosure, the transceiver unit (e.g., through the control of the edge computing unit) sends a specific synchronization frame to the acquisition front-end unit for clock synchronization. The acquisition front-end unit acquires the period of the specific synchronization frame, and then the acquisition front-end unit calibrates the ratio of its own timer to the specific synchronization frame, such as an integer ratio or a fractional ratio. Then the acquisition front-end unit adjusts the clock deviation of its own timer and the edge computing unit according to the ratio, thereby completing the function of clock synchronization alignment.

[0094] As described above, in the present disclosure, the power management unit can be powered by the communication unit. In the present disclosure, a communication unit power supply architecture is further designed.

[0095] Figure 6 The overall architecture of the communication unit power supply according to the present disclosure is shown. Figure 6 As shown, the communication unit may be provided with two power supply channels and two communication channels. The two power supply channels and the two communication channels may share a bus.

[0096] like Figure 6 As shown, the communication unit may include a power supply channel 1, a power supply channel 2, a communication channel 1 and a communication channel 2. The power supply channel 1 may be connected to the bus through an isolation transformer so that the communication unit provides power to the edge computing unit, and the bus may supply power to the edge computing unit 1 via an isolation transformer and a bridge inverter circuit, and at the same time, the bus may supply power to the edge computing unit 2 via an isolation transformer and a bridge inverter circuit, supply power to the edge computing unit 3 via an isolation transformer and a bridge inverter circuit, supply power to the edge computing unit 4 via an isolation transformer and a bridge inverter circuit, supply power to the edge computing unit 5 via an isolation transformer and a bridge inverter circuit, and supply power to the edge computing unit 6 via an isolation transformer and a bridge inverter circuit. Six edge computing units are shown in this application, but it should be noted that any suitable number of N edge computing units may be selected, N≥2. The final bus is connected to the power supply channel 2 of the communication unit. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the power supply bus may adopt a star-connected ring bus architecture, the bus connects the power supply channel 1 and the power supply channel 2 in parallel, and each edge computing unit is connected to the bus in parallel.

[0097] In addition, the communication channel 1 of the communication unit can be connected to the edge computing units 1 to 6 respectively via the same bus. In the present disclosure, communication and power supply use the same bus, which realizes the sharing of power supply and communication, thereby saving connection costs. In addition, for communication, a star-connected ring bus architecture is also adopted. That is to say, each edge computing unit is connected to the ring bus in parallel. The bus connects communication channel 1 and communication channel 2 in parallel. The bus described in this part of the present disclosure can be called a power supply communication bus.

[0098] According to the power supply communication bus of the star-connected ring bus architecture disclosed in the present invention, power supply communication sharing can be achieved, thereby greatly saving connection costs. Moreover, as mentioned above, power can be supplied by a battery module or by a communication unit, so that dual power supply backup redundancy can be achieved, safety is improved, and the problem of unbalanced power supply of each edge computing unit can be solved. In addition, according to the star-connected ring bus architecture disclosed in the present invention, it is convenient to add an active balancing solution, which can achieve a larger current balancing capability.

[0099] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment / method", "some embodiments / methods", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment / method or example are included in at least one embodiment / method or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment / method or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments / methods or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments / methods or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments / methods or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0100] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0101] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are only for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other changes or modifications may be made based on the above disclosure, and these changes or modifications are still within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A high voltage series battery management system, characterized in that: include: An edge computing perception system, the edge computing perception system comprising a collection front-end unit, a power management unit, an edge computing unit and a communication unit, wherein the collection front-end unit is used to obtain physical parameters of the battery as basic parameters of the battery, the edge computing unit is used to obtain battery status information according to the basic parameters, and the power management unit is used to power the collection front-end unit, the edge computing unit and the communication unit; as well as A local management unit, wherein the local management unit communicates with the edge computing perception system based on the communication unit, and the local management unit performs local protection of the battery according to the received battery status information, The acquisition front-end unit is used to obtain the measured value of at least one physical parameter of the battery, including voltage, temperature, current, dynamic impedance, internal pressure, and internal micro-current short circuit, and the edge computing unit is used to calculate the state of the battery and / or predict the safety state of the battery according to the measured value. The edge computing unit communicates with the local management unit in a wired manner or a wireless manner, wherein the edge computing unit receives a noise signal from the acquisition front-end unit, performs frequency domain analysis on the noise signal, and calculates the noise frequency band and noise amplitude on the transmission line. After the calculation is completed, the edge computing unit selects a frequency band away from the noise frequency band for encoding. The number of the edge computing units is N, where N≥2. The communication unit includes a first power supply channel and a second power supply channel, which are connected in parallel through a power supply communication bus, and each of the N edge computing units is connected to the power supply communication bus. The communication unit also includes a first communication channel and a second communication channel, which are connected in parallel through the power supply communication bus, so as to realize a star-connected ring bus architecture and realize that the power supply communication shares the power supply communication bus.

2. The high-voltage series battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A balancing control unit is also included to implement active balancing control or passive balancing control.

3. The high-voltage series battery management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: A cloud management system, wherein the cloud management system can communicate with the local management unit so as to receive data from the local management unit for information storage and big data calculation.

4. The high-voltage series battery management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The acquisition front-end unit is used for localized real-time synchronous acquisition of the cell voltage of the battery and direct control of the equalization current.

5. The high-voltage series battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power management unit is powered by a battery or a communication power, and uses the battery power as a main power supply or a backup power supply and uses the communication power supply of the communication unit as a backup power supply or a main power supply.

6. The high-voltage series battery management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The edge computing unit extracts the dynamic impedance of the battery, obtains the internal pressure parameters of the battery, obtains the internal micro-short circuit conditions, and / or calculates / predicts the temperature field to screen abnormal heat sources.

7. The high-voltage series battery management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wired method adopts at least one of CAN bus, flexray, Ethernet, RS-422, RS-485, and customized private communication protocols, and the wireless method adopts at least one of WIFI, Bluetooth, 2.4G private network, star or Mesh network architecture.

8. The high-voltage series battery management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It includes multiple acquisition front-end units, and the communication architecture of the multiple acquisition front-end units is set as follows: the multiple acquisition front-end units communicate in parallel through transceiver ports, and the head-end acquisition front-end unit among the multiple acquisition front-end units communicates with the transceiver unit through the transceiver port, the end acquisition front-end unit communicates with the transceiver unit through the transceiver port, and the transceiver unit communicates with the edge computing unit.

9. The high-voltage series battery management system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The communication architecture adopts a signal encoding method to digitally modulate and demodulate digital signals from multiple acquisition front-end units.

10. The high-voltage series battery management system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The transceiver unit sends a specific synchronization frame to the acquisition front-end unit for clock synchronization. The acquisition front-end unit acquires the period of the specific synchronization frame, and then the acquisition front-end unit calibrates the ratio of its own timer to the specific synchronization frame. The acquisition front-end unit adjusts the clock deviation between its own timer and the edge computing unit according to the ratio, thereby completing the function of clock synchronization alignment.

11. A high voltage series battery management chip, characterized in that: The management chip integrates the edge computing perception system, the local management unit and the balancing control unit in the high-voltage series battery management system as described in any one of claims 2 to 10.

12. A high voltage series battery management system, characterized in that: include: A noise frequency band identification unit, wherein the noise frequency band identification unit is used to receive an input signal; a frequency selection input unit, the frequency selection input unit being used to provide different test frequencies to the noise frequency band identification unit, wherein the noise frequency band identification unit determines the noise frequency in the input signal according to the received input signal and the different test frequencies; a coding frequency selection unit, wherein the coding frequency selection unit selects a frequency in a frequency band far away from the noise frequency as the coding frequency according to the noise frequency; as well as a modulation and demodulation unit, the modulation and demodulation unit receiving the input signal and the coding frequency, so as to modulate the input signal according to the coding frequency to generate a modulation signal, and demodulate the modulation signal according to the coding frequency to generate a demodulation signal, The high-voltage series battery management system also includes an edge computing perception system, which includes an acquisition front-end unit, a power management unit, an edge computing unit and a communication unit, wherein the acquisition front-end unit is used to obtain physical parameters of the battery as basic parameters of the battery, and the edge computing unit is used to obtain battery status information based on the basic parameters. The power management unit is at least used to power the acquisition front-end unit, the edge computing unit and the communication unit, wherein the noise frequency band identification unit, the frequency selection input unit and the coding frequency selection unit are arranged in the edge computing unit. The high-voltage series battery management system also includes a local management unit, which communicates with the edge computing perception system based on the communication unit, and the local management unit performs local protection of the battery according to the received battery status information. The acquisition front-end unit is used to obtain the measured value of at least one physical parameter of the battery, including voltage, temperature, current, dynamic impedance, internal pressure, and internal micro-current short circuit, and the edge The edge computing unit is used to calculate the state of the battery and / or predict the safety state of the battery according to the measured value. The edge computing unit communicates with the local management unit in a wired manner or a wireless manner. The edge computing unit receives a noise signal from the acquisition front-end unit, performs frequency domain analysis on the noise signal, and calculates the noise frequency band and noise amplitude on the transmission line. After the calculation is completed, the edge computing unit selects a frequency band away from the noise frequency band for encoding. The number of edge computing units is N, where N≥2. The communication unit includes a first power supply channel and a second power supply channel, which are connected in parallel through a power supply communication bus, and each of the N edge computing units is connected to the power supply communication bus. The communication unit also includes a first communication channel and a second communication channel, which are connected in parallel through the power supply communication bus, so as to realize a star-connected ring bus architecture and realize that the power supply communication shares the power supply communication bus.

13. The high voltage series battery management system according to claim 12, characterized in that: In the noise frequency band identification unit, the input signal is multiplied by the sine wave and / or cosine wave of the test frequency and the generated signal is low-pass filtered to generate a filtered signal, and the noise frequency in the input signal is determined based on the filtered signal.

14. The high-voltage series battery management system according to claim 12, characterized in that: In the modulation and demodulation unit, during the modulation process, the input signal is mapped into I-channel data and Q-channel data, and the cosine wave signal of the coding frequency is multiplied by the I-channel data and the sine wave signal of the coding frequency is multiplied by the A-channel data, and the two generated data are added to obtain the modulated signal. During the demodulation process, the modulated signal is multiplied by the cosine wave signal of the coding frequency and the sine wave signal of the coding frequency respectively, and the obtained two signals are low-pass filtered to demodulate the input signal.

15. The high voltage series battery management system according to claim 12, characterized in that: Also includes: A cloud management system, wherein the cloud management system can communicate with the local management unit so as to receive data from the local management unit for information storage and big data calculation.

16. The high voltage series battery management system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The power management unit is powered by a battery or a communication power, and uses the battery power as a main power supply or a backup power supply and uses the communication power supply of the communication unit as a backup power supply or a main power supply.

17. The high voltage series battery management system according to claim 16, characterized in that: The wired method adopts at least one of CAN bus, flexray, Ethernet, RS-422, RS-485, and customized private communication protocols, and the wireless method adopts at least one of WIFI, Bluetooth, 2.4G private network, star or Mesh network architecture.

18. The high-voltage series battery management system according to claim 16, characterized in that: It includes multiple acquisition front-end units, and the communication architecture of the multiple acquisition front-end units is set as follows: the multiple acquisition front-end units communicate in parallel through transceiver ports, and the head-end acquisition front-end unit among the multiple acquisition front-end units communicates with the transceiver unit through the transceiver port, the end acquisition front-end unit communicates with the transceiver unit through the transceiver port, and the transceiver unit communicates with the edge computing unit.

19. The high voltage series battery management system according to claim 18, characterized in that: The transceiver unit sends a specific synchronization frame to the acquisition front-end unit for clock synchronization. The acquisition front-end unit acquires the period of the specific synchronization frame, and then the acquisition front-end unit calibrates the ratio of its own timer to the specific synchronization frame. The acquisition front-end unit adjusts the clock deviation between its own timer and the edge computing unit according to the ratio, thereby completing the function of clock synchronization alignment.

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