An electrostatic protection and electromagnetic protection device for a space solar array and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides an electrostatic protection and electromagnetic protection device for a space solar cell array and a preparation method thereof, comprising: a plurality of solar cell strings arranged in series, wherein the upper surfaces of the solar cell units in the solar cell strings are covered with a conductive glass cover layer; the solar cell strings arranged in series are arranged in parallel to form a solar cell array; and the conductive glass cover layers on the plurality of solar cell arrays are arranged to be connected to a stellar structure. The beneficial effects of the present invention are that a conductive nanowire layer is used to make the surface of the glass cover conductive, the conductive nanowires do not completely cover the surface of the glass cover, and the size of the conductive nanowires is much smaller than the wavelength of sunlight, which greatly reduces the blocking effect on light and the impact on the transmittance of sunlight; the conductive nanowire layer is used to make the surface of the glass cover conductive, and the conductive nanowire material has flexible characteristics that can resist deformation caused by temperature changes in the space environment and vibration during the launch process; and the preparation of the conductive nanowire layer does not rely on large-scale coating equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of spacecraft space environment effect protection, and in particular relates to an electrostatic protection and electromagnetic protection device for a space solar cell array and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, my country's aerospace technology has flourished, and the power consumption of spacecraft has continued to increase, placing higher demands on the power supply capacity of solar arrays. To meet the needs of spacecraft, high-power, high-voltage solar arrays have become a key development direction. Currently, high-voltage solar arrays operating above 100V are widely used in GEO orbits. Low-Earth Orbit spacecraft, such as the International Space Station, are also beginning to adopt these high-voltage solar arrays. Furthermore, the development of ultra-high-voltage solar arrays exceeding 400V is gaining increasing attention. Whether in GEO or LEO orbits, spacecraft are exposed to complex plasma environments, which can lead to uneven charging of the solar arrays. For high-voltage and ultra-high-voltage solar arrays, large potential differences between different areas of the solar array can cause electrostatic discharge (ESD), which can trigger secondary discharges and cause short circuits and burnout of the solar array, weakening or even eliminating its power supply capability, leading to mission failure. Furthermore, potential differences between different areas of the solar array can seriously impact spacecraft tasked with detecting electromagnetic and ionospheric information, such as electromagnetic fields, ionospheric plasma, and energetic particles.

[0003] To address these issues, active control of the solar array potential can be employed to effectively discharge the accumulated charge and maintain a uniform array potential. Currently, the method of fabricating an ITO conductive film on a glass cover is a common method used worldwide to control the potential of solar arrays. Interconnects are used to connect the ITO films on each solar cell cover into a network, which is then connected to the spacecraft's structural ground plane. This creates a charge path across the solar array surface, maintaining a near-equipotential distribution across the solar cells.

[0004] However, the preparation of ITO thin films relies on large-scale coating equipment, with long batch production cycles and high costs. At the same time, the transmittance of ITO thin films to short-wave sunlight is not ideal, which will have a certain impact on the power generation function of solar cells. In addition, ITO material is a rigid material with weak impact resistance. The alternating temperature of the space environment and the vibration during the launch process can easily affect its continuity. On the other hand, the process of connecting ITO films into a network using interconnecting sheets is complicated, requiring alternating welding processes and stress relief ring forming processes, with a long production cycle and high costs. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a method with high transmittance, strong impact resistance, low cost, simple interconnection method, and suitable for batch production for electrostatic discharge and electromagnetic protection of space solar cell arrays. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electrostatic protection and electromagnetic protection device for a space solar cell array and a preparation method, and to provide a method for electrostatic discharge and electromagnetic protection of a space solar cell array with high transmittance, strong impact resistance, low cost, simple interconnection method and suitability for mass production.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts a technical solution: a space solar cell array electrostatic protection and electromagnetic protection device, comprising: a plurality of solar cell strings arranged in series, wherein the upper surfaces of the solar cell units in the solar cell strings are covered with a conductive glass cover layer;

[0007] The solar cell strings arranged in series are connected in parallel to form a solar cell array;

[0008] The conductive glass cover layer on the plurality of solar cell arrays is arranged to be connected to the star structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the conductive glass cover layer includes: a glass cover and a conductive nanowire layer, wherein the conductive nanowire layer is arranged on the upper end surface of the glass cover; and the side of the glass cover away from the conductive nanowire layer is connected to the solar cell monomer.

[0010] Furthermore, glass cover electrodes are provided on both side edges of the conductive nanowire layer on the glass cover, for connecting adjacent conductive glass cover layers in series.

[0011] Furthermore, the conductive nanowire layer is an irregular network structure;

[0012] The glass cover electrodes between adjacent conductive glass cover layers are connected by wire bonding.

[0013] Furthermore, the glass cover electrode is electrically connected to the conductive nanowire layer.

[0014] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides a method for preparing an electrostatic protection and electromagnetic protection device for a space solar array, comprising the following steps:

[0015] preparing the conductive glass cover layer;

[0016] Connecting the conductive glass cover layer to the solar cell monomer to obtain the solar cell;

[0017] A plurality of said solar cells are connected in series;

[0018] The solar cell strings arranged in series are connected in parallel to obtain a solar cell array, and the conductive glass cover layer on the solar cell array is grounded.

[0019] Furthermore, the step of preparing the conductive glass cover layer includes:

[0020] The glass cover slip was placed under a UV lamp for 20-30 min;

[0021] The glass cover slip was immersed in a polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride solution (PDDA solution) and allowed to stand for 15-30 min. After pulling, it was washed with deionized water and dried with N2;

[0022] Immerse the glass cover with the PDDA film in an ethanol or water dispersion of the conductive nanowires, let it stand for 10-15 minutes, and then pull it up;

[0023] The glass cover is rotated 90 degrees, repeatedly immersed in the ethanol or water dispersion of the conductive nanowires, allowed to stand for 10-15 minutes, and then pulled;

[0024] The glass cover slip was annealed in nitrogen at 80° C. for 5-6 h.

[0025] Furthermore, the concentration of the polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride solution is 1 mg / mL;

[0026] The concentration of the ethanol or water dispersion of the conductive nanowires is 0.1 mg / ml; the diameter of the conductive nanowires is 5-200 nm and the length is 30-80 μm; and the pulling speed of the glass cover is 1-3 mm / s.

[0027] Furthermore, the step of preparing the conductive glass cover layer further includes: preparing a glass cover electrode;

[0028] The steps of preparing the glass cover electrode include:

[0029] Under the action of a metal mask, titanium, palladium and silver layers are sequentially evaporated on the glass cover sheet prepared with the conductive nanowire layer;

[0030] Furthermore, the glass cover electrode is electrically connected to the conductive nanowire layer;

[0031] Furthermore, the conductive nanowires may be silver nanowires.

[0032] Furthermore, the conductive nanowires may be any one of silver nanowires, gold nanowires, conductive polymer nanowires, and carbon nanotubes.

[0033] Furthermore, before connecting the conductive glass cover layer and the solar cell monomer to obtain the solar cell, connecting the upper electrode of the solar cell monomer is performed;

[0034] After the conductive glass cover layer is adhered to the surface of the solar cell unit, the lower electrode of the solar cell unit is connected;

[0035] Connecting the glass cover electrodes between adjacent conductive glass cover layers by wire bonding;

[0036] The upper electrodes and lower electrodes of adjacent solar cell units are connected by using cell interconnection sheets.

[0037] The above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] The present invention uses a conductive nanowire layer to make the surface of the glass cover plate conductive. The conductive nanowires do not completely cover the surface of the glass cover plate, and the size of the conductive nanowires is much smaller than the wavelength of sunlight, which greatly reduces the blocking effect on light and greatly reduces the impact on sunlight transmittance.

[0039] The present invention uses a conductive nanowire layer to make the surface of the glass cover conductive. The conductive nanowire material has flexible characteristics and can resist deformation caused by temperature changes in the space environment and vibration during the launch process.

[0040] The present invention performs charge modification on the glass cover before preparing the conductive nanowire layer, utilizes electrostatic force to improve its adhesion, and improves the reliability of the conductive nanowire layer.

[0041] The preparation of the conductive nanowire layer by the present invention does not rely on large-scale coating equipment, is suitable for batch production, and has low production cost.

[0042] The present invention adopts a wire bonding method to construct a conductive network, which can omit the stress relief ring stamping process, reduce production costs, shorten the production cycle, and is suitable for mass production of space solar cell arrays. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] In the picture:

[0046] 1. Glass cover 2. Conductive nanowire layer 3. Glass cover electrode

[0047] 4. Glass cover welding lead 5. Solar cell monomer 6. Cell interconnection sheet

[0048] 7. Cover film adhesive 8. Conductive nanowires DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings:

[0050] First, as Figure 1As shown, a device for electrostatic and electromagnetic protection of a space solar cell array includes: a plurality of solar cell strings arranged in series, wherein the upper surface of each solar cell unit 5 is covered with a conductive glass cover layer; the solar cell strings arranged in series are arranged in parallel to form a solar cell array, so that a conductive network is formed on the surface of the solar cell units 5, and the conductive glass cover layer on the solar cell array is grounded to the structure of the stellar body to avoid uneven charging of the surface of the solar cell array, thereby achieving the purpose of electrostatic discharge protection and electromagnetic protection.

[0051] Specifically, the conductive glass cover layer includes: a glass cover 1 and a conductive nanowire layer 2. The conductive nanowire layer 2 can be disposed on the upper end surface of the glass cover 1, and a solar cell unit 5 is connected to the side of the glass cover 1 away from the conductive nanowire layer 2.

[0052] In this embodiment, the side of the glass cover sheet 1 facing the space environment is defined as the upper end surface of the glass cover sheet 1, and therefore a conductive nanowire layer 2 is prepared on the side of the glass cover sheet 1 facing the space environment; wherein, the conductive nanowire layer 2 is an irregular mesh structure, covering the side of the glass cover sheet 1 facing the space environment; wherein, the conductive nanowire layer 2 can be prepared by a dip-coating method, a rod coating method, a spraying method, etc., and by covering the surface of the glass cover sheet 1 with the conductive nanowire layer 2, the surface of the glass cover sheet 1 is made conductive, and the conductive nanowire layer 2 is a mesh structure, so that the conductive nanowire layer 2 does not completely cover the surface of the glass cover sheet 1, and the size of the conductive nanowires is much smaller than the wavelength of sunlight, thereby greatly reducing the blocking effect on light and greatly reducing the impact on the transmittance of sunlight; at the same time, the conductive nanowires have flexible characteristics and can resist deformation caused by temperature changes in the space environment and vibrations during the emission process.

[0053] In this embodiment, the side of the solar cell 5 facing the space environment is defined as the upper end surface of the solar cell 5. A glass cover sheet 1, prepared with a conductive nanowire layer 2, is placed over the upper surface of the solar cell 5, with the side with the conductive nanowire layer facing the space environment. Specifically, before forming the conductive nanowire layer 2 on the glass cover sheet 1, the glass cover sheet 1 is charge-modified to enhance its adhesion and reliability through electrostatic forces. Glass cover sheet electrodes 3 are also formed on each side edge of the side of the glass cover sheet 1 facing the space environment, for connecting adjacent conductive glass cover sheet layers in series. The glass cover sheet electrodes 3 on the glass cover sheet 1 are electrically connected to the conductive nanowire layer 2. In this embodiment, glass cover sheet electrodes 3 are provided on each side edge of the conductive nanowire layer 2 on the glass cover sheet 1. Multiple conductive glass cover sheet layers are connected in series to the glass cover sheet electrodes 3 on adjacent glass cover sheets 1 via wire bonding. This wire bonding method creates a conductive network, eliminating the need for stress relief ring stamping, reducing production costs and shortening production cycles. This makes it suitable for mass production of space solar cell arrays.

[0054] Solar cell strings arranged in series are connected in parallel to form a solar cell array. During use, the upper electrodes and lower electrodes between adjacent solar cell units can be connected using a cell interconnection sheet 6, wherein the cell interconnection sheet 6 is the cell array interconnection sheet; the conductive glass cover layer on the solar cell array is grounded to the star structure; wherein the number of solar cell strings arranged in parallel in the solar cell array and the number of solar cells in each string are set according to the voltage and power requirements.

[0055] In a second aspect, a method for preparing an electrostatic protection and electromagnetic protection device for a space solar array comprises the following steps:

[0056] S1: preparing a conductive glass cover layer, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0057] S11: Place the glass cover slip under a UV lamp for 20-30 minutes to enhance its hydrophilicity.

[0058] S12: Vertically immerse the glass cover slip 1 in a polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride solution (PDDA solution) and let it stand for 15-30 minutes. After slowly pulling it up, rinse it with deionized water and blow it dry with N2. The surface of the glass cover slip 1 treated with the polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride solution becomes positively charged. The concentration of the polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride solution is 1 mg / mL, and the pulling speed of the glass cover slip 1 is 1-3 mm / s.

[0059] S13: Immerse the glass cover sheet 1 with the PDDA film in an ethanol or water dispersion of the conductive nanowires for 10-15 minutes, then slowly pull the cover sheet multiple times to control the density of the conductive nanowires. The concentration of the ethanol or water dispersion of the conductive nanowires is 0.1 mg / ml, the length of the conductive nanowires is 30-80 μm, and the diameter is 5-200 nm. The cover sheet 1 is pulled at a speed of 1-3 mm / s, and the number of pulls is 1-5. By selecting conductive nanowires of longer length and smaller diameter, it is easier to form a mesh-like conductive nanowire layer through pulling, and the light transmittance is higher.

[0060] It is conceivable that to ensure that the conductive nanowire layer is formed on the side of the cover glass 1 facing the space environment, a protective film can be applied to the side of the cover glass 1 facing away from the space environment. Any protective film that does not react with the PDDA solution and the ethanol or aqueous dispersion of the conductive nanowires will do. Alternatively, after immersing the cover glass 1 in the conductive nanowire dispersion and pulling it, the side facing away from the space environment can be wiped clean, so that only the conductive nanowire layer is formed on the side of the cover glass 1 facing the space environment.

[0061] S14: Rotate the glass cover 1 90° and repeat the immersion and pulling process. After repeatedly immersing the glass cover 1 in the ethanol or water dispersion of the conductive nanowires for 10-15 minutes, slowly pull it up multiple times. The pulling speed of the glass cover 1 is 1-3 mm / s, and the number of pulling times is 1-5 times.

[0062] S15: Anneal the glass cover slip 1 in nitrogen at 80° C. for 5-6 hours.

[0063] S16: Preparation of glass cover electrode 3: Titanium, palladium, and silver layers are sequentially deposited on the glass cover 1 with the conductive nanowire layer 2 using a metal mask. This step can be performed in a vacuum coating machine. The metal mask is a hollow structure with an electrode shape. During the deposition process, the titanium layer is closest to the conductive nanowire layer 2. After the glass cover electrode 3 is prepared, the glass cover electrode 3 is electrically connected to the conductive nanowire layer 2.

[0064] S2: Connecting the conductive glass cover layer to the solar cell monomer 5 to obtain a solar cell, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0065] S21: Connecting the upper electrode of the solar cell unit 5;

[0066] S22: Pasting the conductive glass cover layer onto the surface of the solar cell unit 5;

[0067] S23: Connect the lower electrode of the solar cell unit 5.

[0068] S3: multiple solar cells are connected in series; specifically, wire bonding is adopted, silver metal filaments are used as leads, and ultrasonic welding is used to achieve a firm bond between the glass cover electrode 3 and the silver filaments, thereby connecting the glass cover electrodes 3 between adjacent conductive glass cover layers; the upper electrodes and lower electrodes between adjacent solar cell units are connected using cell interconnection sheets 6.

[0069] S4: Connect the conductive glass cover layers arranged in series to the ground, so that a conductive network is formed on the surface of the solar cell unit 5. After the conductive glass cover layers on the solar cell array are grounded to the star structure, uneven charging on the surface of the solar cell array is avoided, thereby achieving the purpose of electrostatic discharge protection and electromagnetic protection.

[0070] The conductive nanowire layer 2 can be prepared by immersion pulling method, rod coating method, spraying method and the like; the material of the conductive nanowire layer 2 is conductive nanowire 8, wherein the conductive nanowire 8 can be any one of silver nanowire, gold nanowire, conductive polymer nanowire and carbon nanotube.

[0071] In one embodiment of the present invention, the conductive nanowires 8 are made of silver nanowires. The conductive nanowire layer prepared using silver nanowires has high light transmittance and low cost. Specifically, the conductive silver nanowire layer is prepared using an immersion and pulling method, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0072] S11: Place the glass cover slip 1 under a UV lamp for UV treatment for 30 min;

[0073] S12: Immerse the glass cover slip 1 in a polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride solution (PDDA solution) with a concentration of 1 mg / mL and let it stand for 15 minutes. Slowly pull it up at a speed of 1 mm / s, then wash it with deionized water and blow it dry with N2.

[0074] S13: After immersing the glass cover 1 with the PDDA film in an ethanol dispersion of conductive silver nanowires with a concentration of 0.1 mg / ml for 15 minutes, it is slowly pulled up three times at a speed of 1 mm / s. The length of the conductive silver nanowires is 30-80 μm and the diameter is 100-200 nm.

[0075] S14: Rotate the glass cover slip 1 90 degrees, repeat the dipping and pulling process of step S13, repeatedly immerse the glass cover slip 1 in an ethanol dispersion of conductive silver nanowires with a concentration of 0.1 mg / ml for 15 minutes, and then slowly pull it up three times at a speed of 1 mm / s.

[0076] The side of the glass cover 1 facing away from the space environment is covered with a protective film, and the protective film does not react with the PDDA solution and the ethanol dispersion of the conductive nanowires.

[0077] Alternatively, after each pulling operation, the side of the glass cover 1 facing away from the space environment can be directly wiped clean, so that only the side of the glass cover 1 facing the space environment is prepared with a conductive nanowire layer.

[0078] S15: Anneal the glass cover slip 1 in nitrogen at 80° C. for 5-6 hours.

[0079] S16: Preparation of glass cover electrode 3: In a vacuum coating machine, titanium, palladium, and silver layers are sequentially deposited on the glass cover 1 with the conductive silver nanolayer under the action of a metal mask with a hollow electrode shape;

[0080] The glass cover electrode 3 is electrically connected to the conductive nanowire layer 2 .

[0081] S2: Connecting the conductive glass cover layer to the solar cell monomer 5 to obtain a solar cell, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0082] S21: Connecting the upper electrodes of the solar cell monomer 5 by welding;

[0083] S22: Adhere the conductive glass cover layer to the surface of the solar cell unit 5 using the cover glue 7;

[0084] S23: Connecting the lower electrodes of the solar cell units 5 by welding.

[0085] S3: Using wire bonding, the adjacent glass cover electrodes 3 between the conductive glass cover layers between adjacent solar cells are connected through glass cover welding wires 4, and the upper electrodes and lower electrodes between adjacent solar cell units 5 are connected using cell interconnection sheets 6 to achieve series connection of multiple solar cells.

[0086] S4: Connecting the solar cell strings arranged in series in parallel to form a solar cell array, and grounding the conductive glass cover layer on the solar cell strings.

[0087] In another embodiment of the present invention, the difference is that the material of the conductive nanowires 8 is selected to be carbon nanotubes, preferably amino-treated carbon nanotubes. The other aspects are the same. In this embodiment, the remaining structures are not described in detail. The preparation of the conductive carbon nanotube layer by the immersion pulling method is described, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0088] S11: Place the glass cover slip 1 under a UV lamp for UV treatment for 30 min;

[0089] S12: Immerse the glass cover slip 1 in a polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride solution (PDDA solution) with a concentration of 1 mg / mL and let it stand for 15 minutes. Slowly pull it up at a speed of 1 mm / s, then wash it with deionized water and blow it dry with N2.

[0090] The glass cover sheet 1 soaked in the PDDA solution is immersed in a sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) solution for treatment. This step is omitted because the existing technology is relatively complete. This makes the side of the treated glass cover sheet 1 facing the space environment negatively charged, further improving the adhesion and facilitating the subsequent pulling and preparation of the conductive carbon nanotube layer.

[0091] S13: After immersing the glass cover 1 in a 0.1 mg / ml aqueous dispersion of amino-modified carbon nanotubes for 15 minutes, the glass cover 1 is slowly pulled up twice at a speed of 1 mm / s. The length of the conductive carbon nanotubes is 30-80 μm and the diameter is 5-100 nm.

[0092] S14: Rotate the glass cover slip 1 90 degrees, repeat the dipping and pulling process of step S13, immerse the glass cover slip 1 repeatedly in the aqueous dispersion of amino-modified carbon nanotubes with a concentration of 0.1 mg / ml for 15 minutes, and then slowly pull it up twice at a speed of 1 mm / s.

[0093] The side of the glass cover 1 facing away from the space environment is protected by a protective film, which does not react with the PDDA solution, the sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) solution and the aqueous dispersion of amino-modified carbon nanotubes.

[0094] Alternatively, after being dipped into the aqueous dispersion of amino-modified carbon nanotubes and pulled, the side of the glass cover 1 facing away from the space environment can be directly wiped clean, so that only the side of the glass cover 1 facing the space environment is prepared with the carbon nanotube layer.

[0095] S15: Anneal the glass cover slip 1 in nitrogen at 80° C. for 5-6 hours.

[0096] S16: Preparation of glass cover electrode 3: In a vacuum coating machine, titanium, palladium, and silver layers are sequentially deposited on the glass cover 1 with conductive carbon nanotubes under the action of a metal mask with a hollow electrode shape;

[0097] The glass cover electrode 3 is electrically connected to the conductive nanowire layer 2 .

[0098] Among them, the steps for preparing conductive gold nanowires, conductive polymer nanowires, and carbon nanotubes are adaptively adjusted, including but not limited to the preparation time, pulling speed, etc. The prior art also discloses methods for preparing conductive gold nanowires, conductive polymer nanowires, and carbon nanotubes, which will not be elaborated here.

[0099] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the contents described are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A space solar array electrostatic protection and electromagnetic protection device, characterized in that: include: A plurality of solar cell strings arranged in series, wherein the upper surfaces of the solar cell units in the solar cell strings are covered with a conductive glass cover layer; The solar cell strings arranged in series are connected in parallel to form a solar cell array; The conductive glass cover layer on the plurality of solar cell arrays is arranged to be connected to the star structure; The conductive glass cover layer includes: a glass cover and a conductive nanowire layer, wherein the conductive nanowire layer is arranged on the upper end surface of the glass cover; The side of the glass cover facing away from the conductive nanowire layer is connected to the solar cell unit.

2. The electrostatic and electromagnetic protection device for a space solar array according to claim 1, characterized in that: Glass cover electrodes are respectively provided on both side edges of the conductive nanowire layer on the glass cover, for connecting the adjacent conductive glass cover layers in series.

3. The electrostatic and electromagnetic protection device for a space solar array according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conductive nanowire layer is an irregular network structure; The glass cover electrodes between adjacent conductive glass cover layers are connected by wire bonding.

4. The electrostatic and electromagnetic protection device for a space solar array according to claim 2, characterized in that: The glass cover electrode is electrically connected to the conductive nanowire layer.

5. A method for preparing the electrostatic protection and electromagnetic protection device for a space solar array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps are: preparing the conductive glass cover layer; Connecting the conductive glass cover layer to the solar cell monomer to obtain the solar cell; A plurality of said solar cells are connected in series; The solar cell strings arranged in series are connected in parallel to obtain a solar cell array, and the conductive glass cover layer on the solar cell array is grounded.

6. The method for preparing a space solar array electrostatic protection and electromagnetic protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step of preparing the conductive glass cover layer comprises: The glass cover slip was placed under a UV lamp for 20-30 min; The glass cover slip was immersed in a polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride solution (PDDA solution) and allowed to stand for 15-30 minutes, and then washed with deionized water and dried with N2; Immerse the glass cover with the PDDA film in an ethanol or water dispersion of the conductive nanowires, let it stand for 10-15 minutes, and then pull it up; The glass cover is rotated 90 degrees, repeatedly immersed in the ethanol or water dispersion of the conductive nanowires, allowed to stand for 10-15 minutes, and then pulled; The glass cover slip was annealed in nitrogen at 80° C. for 5-6 h.

7. The method for preparing a space solar array electrostatic protection and electromagnetic protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The concentration of the polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride solution is 1 mg / mL; The concentration of the ethanol or water dispersion of the conductive nanowires is 0.1 mg / ml; the diameter of the conductive nanowires is 5-200 nm and the length is 30-80 μm; and the pulling speed of the glass cover is 1-3 mm / s.

8. The method for preparing a space solar array electrostatic protection and electromagnetic protection device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The step of preparing the conductive glass cover layer further includes: preparing a glass cover electrode; The steps of preparing the glass cover electrode include: Under the action of a metal mask, titanium, palladium and silver layers are sequentially evaporated on the glass cover sheet prepared with the conductive nanowire layer; The glass cover electrode is electrically connected to the conductive nanowire layer; The conductive nanowires are silver nanowires.

9. The method for preparing a space solar array electrostatic protection and electromagnetic protection device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The conductive nanowire is any one of silver nanowire, gold nanowire, conductive polymer nanowire and carbon nanotube.

10. The method for preparing a space solar array electrostatic protection and electromagnetic protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Before connecting the conductive glass cover layer and the solar cell monomer to obtain the solar cell, connecting the upper electrode of the solar cell monomer; After the conductive glass cover layer is attached to the surface of the solar cell unit, the lower electrode of the solar cell unit is connected; Connecting the glass cover electrodes between adjacent conductive glass cover layers by wire bonding; The upper electrodes and lower electrodes of adjacent solar cell units are connected by using cell interconnection sheets.

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