An underwater exploration device based on sonar

Abstract

A sonar-based underwater detection device includes a suspension, a detection head arranged at the bottom of the suspension, balance surfaces are provided on both sides of the suspension, and the distance between the balance surfaces on both sides gradually decreases from top to bottom. Two diversion surfaces are symmetrically provided on the front surface of the suspension, and side openings are provided on both sides of the suspension near the upper ends of the balance surfaces. The inner sides of the side openings are fixedly connected with flow wings, and two symmetrical and gradually retracted guide surfaces extend from the rear of the suspension. The rear end of the suspension is rotatably connected with a tail plate; the suspension point of the traction mechanism is located on the upper surface of the suspension. When the detection device of the present invention is pulled toward the front and upward, the water flow passes through the flow wings and presses the suspension downward. The tail plate swings under the action of the water flow on both sides. The water flow speed on the lower surface of the flow wings is relatively large, so the pressure is lower than that on the upper surface, and it will be subjected to a downward force. Therefore, the equilibrium state in the suspension is better maintained, which is conducive to a smooth start when moving, and will not float up due to the pulling, thereby causing the detection accuracy to deteriorate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sonar detection, in particular to an underwater point detection device based on sonar. Background Art

[0002] The use of underwater sound waves to detect underwater targets is widely used in torpedo guidance, mine fuses, fish detection, offshore oil exploration, ship navigation, underwater operations, hydrographic surveys, and seabed geology and topography surveys. In ship-based sonar detection technology, when deeper detection is required, a sonar probe is lowered into the seawater via a suspension mechanism to survey the deeper seabed. The system includes a ground control base station, cables, a sonar body, and a towed fish. The towed fish is attached to the upper end of the sonar body and acts as a towed fish to move the sonar body as the ship moves. Several prior art documents disclose underwater sonar detection equipment.

[0003] For example, the patent application with publication number CN108427118A applies to an underwater sonar detection device. The device relies on multiple thrusters to achieve movement and positioning detection in the deep sea. A single positioning of the device base allows the underwater sonar detection component to detect a circular water area around the vertical center line of the base.

[0004] For example, patent publication number CN110261845A discloses an automatic lifting control system and method for underwater sonar. By adjusting two pulleys, the length of the first cable and the second cable can be adjusted, thereby automatically adjusting the measurement height of the sonar and realizing sonar measurement at different underwater heights; in addition, when the adjusted lengths of the first cable and the second cable are inconsistent, the front and rear positions of the sonar can be adjusted when the hull is stationary, and measurements can also be performed at different positions when the hull is stationary, making detection more convenient and flexible.

[0005] However, during the exploration process, the upward traction force causes the entire sonar body to move upward while detecting, resulting in increasingly poor imaging clarity. Therefore, the vessel needs to move slowly during exploration, which reduces the effectiveness of dragging the fish, making it difficult for the sonar body to move straight, and the imaging effect remains poor. Using the propeller method described in patent CN108427118A makes the sonar body structure complex; using the two-pulley adjustment method described in patent CN110261845A is cumbersome. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main purpose of the present invention is to propose an underwater detection device based on sonar, which solves the problem that the entire sonar body moves upward while detecting during the detection process, so that the sonar body can move in a straight line.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a sonar-based underwater detection device, including a suspension and a detection head fixedly arranged at the bottom of the suspension. Balance surfaces are provided on both sides of the suspension, and the distance between the balance surfaces on both sides gradually decreases from top to bottom. Two diversion surfaces are symmetrically provided on the front surface of the suspension, and side openings are provided on both sides of the suspension near the upper end of the balance surface. The inner sides of the side openings are fixedly connected with flow wings, and two symmetrical and gradually retracted guide surfaces extend from the back of the suspension, and the rear end of the suspension is rotatably connected to a tail plate; it also includes a traction mechanism, the suspension point of the traction mechanism is located on the upper surface of the suspension, and when traction is directed toward the front and upper part, the water flow passes through the flow wings and presses the suspension downward, and the tail plate swings under the action of the water flow on both sides.

[0008] Preferably, the rear end of the suspension is fixedly connected to two symmetrical limit plates, the front end of the tail plate is provided with an arc-shaped end, the arc-shaped end is movably inserted between the two limit plates, and a number of arc-shaped guide rods are fixedly connected between the two limit plates, the guide rods slide through the tail plate, and two return springs are provided on the outer side of each guide rod, and the return springs are symmetrically located on both sides of the tail plate.

[0009] Preferably, a volume adjustment mechanism is provided on the upper surface of the suspension.

[0010] Furthermore, the volume adjustment mechanism includes a cavity opened on the upper surface of the suspension, a floating plate slidably inserted inside the cavity, a distance adjustment mechanism is set between the floating plate and the cavity to control the up and down movement of the floating plate, and a sealing ring is fixedly embedded on the inner wall of the cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the distance adjustment mechanism includes a fixed sleeve fixedly embedded in the upper surface of the floating plate, a threaded rod inserted into the inner side of the fixed sleeve and threadedly engaged with each other, the upper end surface of the threaded rod is provided with a polygonal groove, and the lower end of the threaded rod is rotatably engaged with the inner bottom surface of the cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the lower end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected to a rotating disk, which rotates and embeds into the inner bottom surface of the cavity. A pressure plate is embedded in the inner bottom surface of the cavity. The lower surface of the pressure plate is movably attached to the rotating disk, and the threaded rod moves through the pressure plate. The pressure plate is fixed to the cavity by a locking bolt set at the corner.

[0013] Preferably, the traction mechanism includes a traction rope, a connecting plate fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the suspension, and a screw rod fixedly mounted on the inner side of the connecting plate. The lower end of the traction rope is fixedly connected to a connecting sleeve, and the lower end of the connecting sleeve is connected by a movable connecting structure so that the connecting sleeve can move axially relative to the screw rod.

[0014] Preferably, the movable connection structure is connected to a concave block arranged at the lower end of the connecting sleeve, and a threaded cylinder arranged on the screw rod and matched with the screw rod thread. A sliding column is fixedly connected to the lower end of the concave block, and a polygonal sleeve is fixedly provided on the outer surface of the threaded cylinder. Annular grooves are respectively provided on the front and rear surfaces of the polygonal sleeve, and the sliding column slides into the inner side of the annular groove.

[0015] Preferably, the upper end of the traction rope is fixedly connected to the mounting frame through a limiting head, the lower end of the mounting frame is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and a plurality of mounting bolts are inserted on the upper surface of the mounting plate.

[0016] Preferably, the sonar-based underwater detection device further includes a ground control base station, which is electrically connected to the detection head via a connecting line.

[0017] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] (1) The present invention can be lowered to a deeper position in the water, thereby improving detection accuracy. The balance state during suspension is better maintained, which is conducive to a smooth start during movement. In addition, the equipment can maintain stable movement during the movement of the hull and has a downward trend. It will not float up due to traction, thereby causing the problem of poor detection accuracy.

[0019] (2) The suspended body is in the water, and detection is carried out after the detection head is turned on. The hull moves forward to change the position of the suspended body, so as to change the detection point. Due to the tension of the towing rope, the upper surface of the suspended body is pulled toward the front and upward. During the forward movement, the water flow speed on the lower surface of the wing is relatively large, so the pressure is relatively low compared to the upper surface, and it will be subjected to a downward pressure. Therefore, with the action of the towing rope, even if the speed of the hull is relatively fast, the suspended body continues to move toward the front and downward, and the accelerated movement of the hull also significantly increases the efficiency of the detection point.

[0020] (3) When the suspension is suspended in water, the upper part will be subject to greater buoyancy, and the overall shape will be almost an inverted triangle. With the traction rope suspended at the upper end, the suspension maintains a good balance state. That is, during the lowering process, the suspension can maintain a good balance state to ensure a stable start during subsequent traction and will not roll over.

[0021] (4) Due to the long length of the tailgate, the suspension is not prone to lateral flipping during the traction process, which is beneficial for the suspension to quickly straighten and move in a straight line during the starting process, ensuring that the detection area will not deviate too much. During the movement, since the water flow is not in an ideal flow direction, the water flow passing through the diversion surface and the guide surface is not in an ideal symmetrical state when flowing through the two sides of the tailgate. Therefore, the forces applied to the two sides of the tailgate are unequal. Therefore, the tailgate is designed to be swingable. It swings when subjected to unequal forces, and the swinging will not produce too much force on the suspension, which is beneficial for maintaining the stability of the suspension. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a sonar-based underwater point detection device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the suspension of a sonar-based underwater exploration device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the suspension of a sonar-based underwater detection device according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 The present invention is a sonar-based underwater exploration device Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a cavity of a sonar-based underwater detection device according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a connecting plate of a sonar-based underwater detection device according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a connection sleeve of a sonar-based underwater exploration device according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the front end of the tail plate of a sonar-based underwater detection device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 A partial cross-sectional view of the tail plate of a sonar-based underwater detection device according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a mounting frame for a sonar-based underwater detection device according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 11 This is a side view of a sonar-based underwater detection device according to the present invention when water flows through;

[0034] Figure 12 A top view of a sonar-based underwater detection device according to the present invention when water flows through;

[0035] Figure 13 This is a force diagram of a sonar-based underwater exploration device during suspension.

[0036] 1. Suspension; 2. Side port; 3. Flow wing; 4. Diverter surface; 5. Balance surface; 6. Guide surface; 7. Cavity; 8. Sealing ring; 9. Floating plate; 10. Fixed sleeve; 11. Threaded rod; 12. Polygonal groove; 13. Rotating plate; 14. Pressure plate; 15. Locking bolt; 16. Tail plate; 17. Limit plate; 18. Arc end; 19. Guide rod; 20. Return spring; 21. Connecting plate; 22. Screw rod; 23. Polygonal sleeve; 24. Threaded barrel; 25. Annular groove; 26. Concave block; 27. Sliding column; 28. Connecting sleeve; 29. ​​Towing rope; 30. Detection head; 31. Ground control base station; 32. Mounting frame; 33. Mounting plate; 34. Mounting bolt; 35. Limit head; 36. Connecting line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0039] like Figures 1-13 The sonar-based underwater exploration device shown includes a suspension 1 and a detection head 30 fixedly arranged at the bottom of the suspension 1. Balance surfaces 5 are provided on both sides of the suspension 1, and the distance between the balance surfaces 5 on both sides gradually decreases from top to bottom. Two diversion surfaces 4 are symmetrically provided on the front surface of the suspension 1, and side openings 2 are provided on both sides of the suspension 1 near the upper end of the balance surface 5. The inner side of the side opening 2 is fixedly connected with a flow wing 3. Two symmetrical and gradually retracted guide surfaces 6 extend from the back of the suspension 1, and the rear end of the suspension 1 is rotatably connected to a tail plate 16; it also includes a traction mechanism, the suspension point of the traction mechanism is located on the upper surface of the suspension 1, and when traction is directed toward the front and upper part, the water flow passes through the flow wing 3 and presses the suspension 1 downward, and the tail plate 16 swings under the action of the water flow on both sides.

[0040] The present invention can be lowered to a deeper position in the water, thereby improving detection accuracy. The balance state during suspension is maintained well, which is conducive to a smooth start during movement. In addition, the equipment can maintain stable movement during the movement of the hull and has a downward trend. It will not float up due to traction, thereby causing the problem of poor detection accuracy.

[0041] like Figure 2 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the rear end of the suspension 1 is fixedly connected to two symmetrical limit plates 17, and the front end of the tail plate 16 is provided with an arc-shaped end 18, which is movably inserted between the two limit plates 17. The arc-shaped end 18 ensures the smoothness of the contact position, and a number of arc-shaped guide rods 19 are fixedly connected between the two limit plates 17. The guide rods 19 slide through the tail plate 16. Two return springs 20 are provided on the outer side of each guide rod 19. The return springs 20 are symmetrically located on both sides of the tail plate 16. After the return springs 20 are squeezed, the tail plate 16 can be driven to rotate and reset.

[0042] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a volume adjustment mechanism is provided on the upper surface of the suspension 1. This mechanism comprises a cavity 7 defined in the upper surface of the suspension 1 and a floating plate 9 slidably mounted within the cavity 7. A distance adjustment mechanism is provided between the floating plate 9 and the cavity 7 to control its vertical movement. A sealing ring 8 is fixedly embedded in the inner wall of the cavity 7 to ensure a tight seal and prevent water from entering the cavity 7.

[0043] The distance adjustment mechanism includes a fixing sleeve 10 fixedly embedded in the upper surface of the floating plate 9, a threaded rod 11 inserted into the inner side of the fixing sleeve 10 and threadedly matched with each other, the upper end surface of the threaded rod 11 is provided with a polygonal groove 12, and the lower end of the threaded rod 11 is rotatably matched with the inner bottom surface of the cavity 7. With the help of a tool, the polygonal groove 12 is aligned and rotated to rotate the threaded rod 11, thereby causing the relative upper end of the fixing sleeve 10 to move, that is, causing the floating plate 9 to move up and down. After the floating plate 9 moves up, the external volume of the entire upper end of the suspension 1 will become larger, which increases the contact area with the water body and increases the buoyancy at the upper end. Because the density of seawater is different, the device can adjust the buoyancy as needed to prevent the suspension 1 from floating directly on the water surface when it is lowered. The adjustment allows the suspension 1 to gently descend below the water surface.

[0044] The lower end of the threaded rod 11 is fixedly connected to a rotating disk 13, which is rotatably embedded in the inner bottom surface of the cavity 7. A pressure plate 14 is embedded in the inner bottom surface of the cavity 7. The lower surface of the pressure plate 14 is movably attached to the rotating disk 13, and the threaded rod 11 moves through the pressure plate 14. The pressure plate 14 is fixed to the cavity 7 by a locking bolt 15 set at the corner, which is used to realize the rotational connection between the threaded rod 11 and the cavity 7. After unscrewing the locking bolt 15, the pressure plate 14 can be removed and the rotating disk 13 can be taken out.

[0045] like Figure 6 、 Figure 7As shown, the traction mechanism includes a traction rope 29, a connecting plate 21 fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the suspension 1, and a screw rod 22 fixedly mounted on the inner side of the connecting plate 21. The lower end of the traction rope 29 is fixedly connected to a connecting sleeve 28, and the lower end of the connecting sleeve 28 is connected by a movable connecting structure so that the connecting sleeve 28 can move axially relative to the screw rod 22. The cam 25 is screwed to the cam 26 and the cam 27 is screwed to the cam 26 so that the cam 26 can move relative to the cam 22.

[0046] The upper end of the traction rope 29 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 32 through the limit head 35, and the lower end of the mounting frame 32 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 33. Several mounting bolts 34 are inserted on the upper surface of the mounting plate 33. The mounting plate 33 is placed on the surface of the hull and then reinforced by the mounting bolts 34 to ensure a stable installation arrangement.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a ground control base station 31, which is electrically connected to the detection head 30 through a connecting line 36. The connecting line 36 is also called a cable in the prior art, and is used for signal transmission and power supply between the ground control base station 31 and the detection head 30. The detection head 30 is composed of a transmitter, a transducer, and a receiver. The electrical signal is converted into a sound signal through the transducer and transmitted into the water. The sound signal is then received by the receiver and converted into an electrical signal. After amplification, the signal is displayed on the fluorescent screen of the ground control base station 31 or converted into sound in the earphones. The distance to the target can be determined based on the round-trip time of the signal, and the nature of the target can be judged based on the pitch of the sound.

[0048] During use, the suspension 1 is placed in the water, and detection is performed after the detection head 30 is turned on. The hull moves forward to change the position of the suspension 1 to change the detection point. Due to the pulling force of the traction rope 29, the upper surface of the suspension 1 is subjected to a pulling force toward the front and upward. During the forward movement, Figure 11As shown, the water flow velocity on the lower surface of the wing 3 is relatively high, so the pressure is relatively low compared to the upper surface, and it will be subjected to a downward force. Therefore, with the action of the traction rope 29, even if the speed of the hull is relatively fast, the suspension 1 will continue to move toward the front and bottom, and the faster movement of the hull will also significantly increase the efficiency of the detection point. Figure 13 As shown, when the suspension 1 is suspended in the water, its upper portion will be subject to a greater buoyancy, and the overall shape is almost an inverted triangle. With the traction rope 29 suspended at the upper end, the suspension 1 maintains a good balance state, that is, during the lowering process, the suspension 1 can maintain a good balance state to ensure a stable start during subsequent traction without the problem of self-rolling. Figure 12 As shown, due to the long length of the tail plate 16, the suspension 1 is not prone to lateral flipping during the traction process, which is beneficial for the suspension 1 to quickly straighten and move in a straight line during the starting process, ensuring that the detection area does not deviate too much. In the process of movement, since the water flow is not in an ideal flow direction, the water flow passing through the diverter surface 4 and the guide surface 6 is not in an ideal symmetrical state when flowing through both sides of the tail plate 16. Therefore, the forces applied to the two sides of the tail plate 16 are unequal. Therefore, the tail plate 16 is designed to be swingable. When it is subjected to unequal forces, it swings, and at the same time, it does not generate excessive force on the suspension 1, which is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the suspension 1.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformation made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An underwater exploration device based on sonar, characterized by: The invention comprises a suspension body and a detection head fixedly arranged at the bottom of the suspension body. The suspension body has balance surfaces on both sides, and the distance between the balance surfaces on both sides gradually decreases from top to bottom. The front surface of the suspension body has two symmetrical diversion surfaces. The suspension body has side openings on both sides of the suspension body near the upper ends of the balance surfaces. The inner sides of the side openings are fixedly connected to flow wings. The rear end of the suspension body extends two symmetrical and gradually converged guide surfaces. The rear end of the suspension body is rotatably connected to a tail plate. The invention also comprises a traction mechanism, and the suspension point of the traction mechanism is located on the upper surface of the suspension body. The rear end of the suspension is fixedly connected to two symmetrical limit plates, the front end of the tail plate is provided with an arc-shaped end, the arc-shaped end is movably inserted between the two limit plates, and a plurality of arc-shaped guide rods are fixedly connected between the two limit plates, the guide rods slide through the tail plate, and two return springs are provided on the outer side of each guide rod, and the return springs are symmetrically located on both sides of the tail plate.

2. The sonar-based underwater exploration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A volume adjustment mechanism is provided on the upper surface of the suspension.

3. The sonar-based underwater exploration device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The volume adjustment mechanism includes a cavity opened on the upper surface of the suspension and a floating plate slidably inserted inside the cavity. A distance adjustment mechanism is set between the floating plate and the cavity to control the floating plate's up and down movement. A sealing ring is fixedly embedded on the inner wall of the cavity.

4. The sonar-based underwater exploration device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The distance adjustment mechanism includes a fixed sleeve fixedly embedded in the upper surface of the floating plate, a threaded rod inserted into the inner side of the fixed sleeve and threadedly engaged with each other, the upper end surface of the threaded rod is provided with a polygonal groove, and the lower end of the threaded rod is rotatably engaged with the inner bottom surface of the cavity.

5. The sonar-based underwater exploration device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected to a rotating disk, which rotates and embeds into the inner bottom surface of the cavity. A pressure plate is embedded in the inner bottom surface of the cavity. The lower surface of the pressure plate is movably attached to the rotating disk. The threaded rod moves through the pressure plate, and the pressure plate is fixed to the cavity by a locking bolt set at the corner.

6. The underwater exploration device based on sonar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traction mechanism includes a traction rope, a connecting plate fixedly installed on the upper surface of the suspension, and a screw fixedly installed on the inner side of the connecting plate. The lower end of the traction rope is fixedly connected to a connecting sleeve, and the lower end of the connecting sleeve is connected by a movable connecting structure so that the connecting sleeve can move axially relative to the screw.

7. The sonar-based underwater exploration device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The movable connection structure is connected to a concave block arranged at the lower end of the connecting sleeve, and a threaded cylinder arranged on the screw rod and matched with the screw rod thread. A sliding column is fixedly connected to the lower end of the concave block, and a polygonal sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the threaded cylinder. Annular grooves are respectively provided on the front and rear surfaces of the polygonal sleeve, and the sliding column slides and is stuck into the inner side of the annular groove.

8. The sonar-based underwater exploration device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper end of the traction rope is fixedly connected to the mounting frame through a limiting head, the lower end of the mounting frame is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and the upper surface of the mounting plate is plugged with a plurality of mounting bolts.

9. The sonar-based underwater exploration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a ground control base station, which is electrically connected to the detection head through a connecting line.

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