A hydrogen fuel cell efficient ice breaking system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cell technology, and specifically to a hydrogen fuel cell efficient ice-breaking system, wherein one end of a three-way pipe is connected to a switch valve 2 through a pipeline, the switch valve 2 is connected to a switch valve 4 through a gas conduit 1, the gas conduit 1 is provided with a gas conduit 3, the gas conduit 3 is connected to the gas conduit 4, and the connection is located between the one-way valve and the gas-water separator, the switch valve 4 is connected to the gas conduit 4 through the gas conduit 2, and the hydrogen fuel cell efficient ice-breaking system switches the two circuits in the first embodiment, and then breaks the ice in different situations of the gas-water separator according to different ambient temperatures to accelerate the ice-breaking effect. And an extended design is carried out on the basis of the first embodiment, and the ice-breaking effect of the gas-water separator can be further heated. And it is changed to the state in the third embodiment, and the ice-breaking effect is accelerated by additional heating. After the ice-breaking of the gas-water separator is completed, the system can break the ice of the hydrogen circulation pump.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, and in particular to a high-efficiency ice-breaking system for hydrogen fuel cells. Background Art

[0002] In cold weather, the hydrogen supply module in the hydrogen fuel cell will freeze and fail to start. This is mainly caused by the freezing of the gas-water separator and the hydrogen circulation pump in the hydrogen supply module. The reason for the freezing is that the two structures are connected to the water outlet of the fuel cell stack, so that the frozen water blocks it.

[0003] The application number in the prior art is: CN202110983641.3, the name of the invention is: A direct cold start ice-breaking system for a fuel cell hydrogen loop, which discloses a system for breaking ice inside a gas-water separator and a hydrogen circulation pump. However, since pre-stored water is stored inside the gas-water separator, the freezing condition of the gas-water separator is significantly more serious than that of the hydrogen circulation pump. After breaking the ice, although the equipment can be started, the pre-stored water in the gas-water separator is still in a frozen state, so that the gas-water separator and the hydrogen circulation pump are at risk of being frozen again. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a device that can completely and quickly break the ice of the gas-water separator and the hydrogen circulation pump, and start different ice-breaking states for different ambient temperatures. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned technical deficiencies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen fuel cell efficient ice-breaking system, which is a device capable of completely and quickly breaking the ice of the gas-water separator and the hydrogen circulation pump, and starting different ice-breaking states for different ambient temperatures.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the present invention provides a hydrogen fuel cell high-efficiency ice-breaking system, including an air supply module, a hydrogen supply module and a fuel cell stack, the hydrogen supply module including a one-way valve, a gas-water separator, a switch valve five, and a hydrogen circulation pump, the air supply module including an air compressor and a switch valve one, a three-way pipe is arranged on the pipeline between the air compressor and the switch valve one, one end of the three-way pipe is connected to the switch valve two through the pipeline, the switch valve two is connected to the switch valve four through the gas conduit one, the gas conduit one is provided with a gas conduit three, the one-way valve, the gas-water separator, the switch valve five and the hydrogen circulation pump are connected in series through the gas conduit four, the gas conduit three is connected to the gas conduit four, and the connection is located between the one-way valve and the gas-water separator, the switch valve four is connected to the gas conduit four through the gas conduit two, and the connection is located between the gas-water separator and the switch valve five, and the gas conduit four between the gas-water separator and the switch valve five is provided with a gas conduit five, and the switch valve six is ​​provided on the gas conduit five;

[0006] When the outdoor temperature is below -0.1 degrees, the switch valves 1, 4 and 6 are closed, and the switch valves 2 and 5 are opened, so that the hot air generated by the air compressor can enter from the air inlet of the air-water separator and be discharged from the air outlet;

[0007] When the outdoor temperature is below zero to below zero degrees, switch valves one and five are closed, switch valves two and four are opened, and switch valve six is ​​cyclically switched, so that the hot air generated by the air compressor can enter through the air inlet and outlet along the air-water separator.

[0008] Preferably, a gas flow velocity sensor 1 is also provided at the end of the gas duct 5. When it is necessary to detect the ice-breaking effect of the gas-water separator, the switch valves 1, 4 and 5 are closed, and the switch valves 2 and 6 are opened, so that the hot gas passes through the gas duct 1, the gas duct 3, the gas duct 4 and the gas duct 5 in sequence, and finally passes through the gas flow velocity sensor 1.

[0009] Preferably, gas conduit four is provided with gas conduit six, gas conduit six is ​​provided with switch valve nine, and gas conduit three is provided with switch valve ten. When the pre-stored water needs to be melted quickly, switch valves one, five, six, and ten are closed, and switch valves two, four, and nine are opened, and the hot gas will pass through gas conduit one, gas conduit three, gas conduit four, and gas conduit six in sequence.

[0010] Preferably, a gas flow rate sensor 2 is also provided at the end of the gas conduit 6.

[0011] Preferably, a low-temperature heating unit and a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the gas conduit are provided on the gas conduit. The temperature sensor is located on the air outlet side of the low-temperature heating unit. When the temperature sensor senses that the temperature on the gas conduit is lower than a preset value, the low-temperature heating unit will be started by the controller.

[0012] Preferably, the low-temperature heating unit comprises a heating coil and an electric heater for heating the heating coil, both ends of the heating coil are connected to a gas conduit 1, and a switch valve 3 is provided on one side of the air outlet of the heating coil.

[0013] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the hydrogen fuel cell efficient ice-breaking system switches the two circuits in the first embodiment, and then breaks ice in different situations of the gas-water separator according to different ambient temperatures to accelerate the ice-breaking effect. And an extended design is made on the basis of the first embodiment to further heat the ice-breaking effect of the gas-water separator. And it is changed to the state in the third embodiment, and the ice-breaking effect is accelerated by additional heating. After the ice-breaking of the gas-water separator is completed, the system can break ice on the hydrogen circulation pump. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of embodiment 1 (circuit 1).

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of embodiment 1 (circuit 2).

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second embodiment.

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the gas-water separator.

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of embodiment three.

[0020] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1-gas duct one; 2-gas duct two; 3-gas duct three; 4-gas duct four; 5-gas duct five; 6-gas flow velocity sensor one; 7-gas duct six; 8-gas flow velocity sensor two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Embodiment 1: The present invention provides a hydrogen fuel cell high-efficiency ice-breaking system, such as Figure 1-2As shown, it includes an air supply module, a hydrogen supply module and a fuel cell stack, the hydrogen supply module includes a one-way valve, a gas-water separator, a switch valve five, and a hydrogen circulation pump, the air supply module includes an air compressor and a switch valve one, a three-way pipe is arranged on the pipeline between the air compressor and the switch valve one, one end of the three-way pipe is connected to the switch valve two through the pipeline, the switch valve two is connected to the switch valve four through the gas conduit one 1, the gas conduit one 1 is provided with a gas conduit three 3, the one-way valve, the gas-water separator, the switch valve five and the hydrogen circulation pump are connected in series through the gas conduit four 4, the gas conduit three 3 is connected to the gas conduit four 4, and the connection is located between the one-way valve and the gas-water separator, the switch valve four is connected to the gas conduit four 4 through the gas conduit two 2, and the connection is located between the gas-water separator and the switch valve five, and the gas conduit four 4 between the gas-water separator and the switch valve five is provided with a gas conduit five 5, and the switch valve six is ​​provided on the gas conduit five 5;

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown in the circuit 1, when the outdoor temperature is between 0 and -5 degrees, the switch valves 1, 4 and 6 are closed, and the switch valves 2 and 5 are opened, so that the hot air generated by the air compressor can enter from the air inlet of the gas-water separator and be discharged from the air outlet. The hot air passes through the gas conduit 1, the gas conduit 3 and the gas conduit 4 to break the ice of the gas-water separator and the hydrogen circulation pump.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown in line 2, when the outdoor temperature is between minus 5 and minus 15 degrees, in order to achieve a better ice-breaking effect, switch valves one and five are closed, switch valves two and four are opened, and switch valve six is ​​cyclically switched, so that the hot air generated by the air compressor can enter through the air inlet and outlet along the gas-water separator, and the switch valve six is ​​closed, so that the hot air is squeezed in the gas-water separator, that is, the hot air can penetrate into the interior of the ice along the gap, accelerating the melting of the ice. After three seconds, switch valve six is ​​opened, so that the gas in the gas-water separator is quickly discharged through the internal pressure.

[0025] like Figure 1 A gas flow velocity sensor 6 is also provided at the end of the gas conduit 5;

[0026] When it is necessary to detect the ice-breaking effect of the gas-water separator, the switch valves one, four and five are closed, and the switch valves two and six are opened, so that the hot gas passes through the gas duct one 1, the gas duct three 3, the gas duct four 4 and the gas duct five 5 in turn, and finally passes through the gas flow velocity sensor one 6. The gas flow velocity is detected by the gas flow velocity sensor one 6. Without the obstruction of ice, when the flow velocity of the gas passing through the gas flow velocity sensor one 6 is within the set preset value range, the gas flow velocity sensor one 6 will transmit a signal to the controller, and the controller will control line two to close and start line one to break the ice of the hydrogen circulation pump.

[0027] Embodiment 2: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that, in order to allow the pre-stored water in the gas-water separator to be melted quickly, Figure 3 As shown, a gas conduit 6 7 is provided on the gas conduit 4 4 , a switch valve 9 is provided on the gas conduit 6 7 , and a switch valve 10 is provided on the gas conduit 3 3 ;

[0028] When the pre-stored water needs to be melted quickly, such as Figure 4 It can be seen that the air outlet of the gas-water separator faces the water surface, so in order to melt the pre-stored water faster, a large amount of hot air can be blown in along the air outlet to accelerate the melting of the pre-stored water. For this reason, when in use, the switch valves 1, 5, 6, and 10 are closed, and the switch valves 2, 4, and 9 are opened. The hot air will pass through the gas conduit 1, the gas conduit 3, the gas conduit 4, and the gas conduit 6 7 in sequence, that is, the pre-stored water is melted faster. A temperature sensor can be provided at the bottom of the gas-water separator. When the temperature sensor senses that the temperature reaches a preset value, that is, the pre-stored water is melted, the temperature sensor will transmit a signal to the controller, and the controller controls the switch to line 1 or line 2.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, a gas flow rate sensor 2 8 is also provided at the end of the gas conduit 6 7. After the pre-stored melt is melted, if the gas flow rate sensor 2 8 senses that the flow rate of the discharged gas reaches a preset value, it will switch to line 1. Otherwise, if it does not reach the preset value, it will switch to line 2.

[0030] Embodiment 3: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that, in order to increase the temperature of the hot air, the device can achieve a better ice-breaking effect in cold weather. Figure 5 As shown, a low-temperature heating unit and a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the gas conduit 1 are provided on the gas conduit 1, and the temperature sensor is located at the air outlet side of the low-temperature heating unit;

[0031] When the temperature sensor senses that the temperature on the gas duct 1 is lower than the preset value, the controller will control the low-temperature heating unit to start, thereby heating the hot air discharged from the air compressor.

[0032] like Figure 5 As shown, the low-temperature heating unit includes a heating coil and an electric heater for heating the heating coil. In addition to electric heating, flame heating can also be used. From a safety perspective, electric heating is generally preferred. Both ends of the heating coil are connected to a gas conduit 1. A switch valve 3 is provided on one side of the air outlet of the heating coil. The main function of the switch valve 3 is to prevent hydrogen from flowing back into the heating coil when the fuel cell is working.

[0033] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell efficient ice breaking system, comprising an air supply module, a hydrogen supply module and a fuel cell stack, wherein the hydrogen supply module comprises a one-way valve, a gas-water separator, a switch valve 5, and a hydrogen circulation pump, and the air supply module comprises an air compressor and a switch valve 1, characterized in that: A tee is provided on the pipeline between the air compressor and the switch valve 1, one end of the tee is connected to the switch valve 2 through the pipeline, the switch valve 2 is connected to the switch valve 4 through the gas conduit 1 (1), the gas conduit 1 (1) is provided with a gas conduit 3 (3), the one-way valve, the gas-water separator, the switch valve 5 and the hydrogen circulation pump are connected in series through the gas conduit 4 (4), the gas conduit 3 (3) is connected to the gas conduit 4 (4), the connection point is located between the one-way valve and the gas-water separator, the switch valve 4 is connected to the gas conduit 4 (4) through the gas conduit 2 (2), the connection point is located between the gas-water separator and the switch valve 5, and the gas conduit 5 (5) is provided on the gas conduit 4 (4) between the gas-water separator and the switch valve 5, and the switch valve 6 is provided on the gas conduit 5 (5); When the outdoor temperature is between 0 and -5 degrees Celsius, the switch valves 1, 4 and 6 are closed, and the switch valves 2 and 5 are opened, so that the hot air generated by the air compressor can enter from the air inlet of the air-water separator and be discharged from the air outlet; When the outdoor temperature is between minus 5 and minus 15 degrees, switch valves one and five are closed, switch valves two and four are opened, and switch valve six is ​​cyclically switched, so that the hot air generated by the air compressor can enter through the air inlet and outlet along the air-water separator.

2. A hydrogen fuel cell efficient ice breaking system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A gas flow velocity sensor 1 (6) is also provided at the end of the gas conduit 5 (5); When it is necessary to test the ice-breaking effect of the gas-water separator, the switch valves 1, 4 and 5 are closed, and the switch valves 2 and 6 are opened, so that the hot gas passes through the gas conduit 1 (1), the gas conduit 3 (3), the gas conduit 4 (4) and the gas conduit 5 (5) in sequence, and finally passes through the gas flow velocity sensor 1 (6).

3. A hydrogen fuel cell efficient ice breaking system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: Gas conduit four (4) is provided with gas conduit six (7), gas conduit six (7) is provided with switch valve nine, and gas conduit three (3) is provided with switch valve ten; When the pre-stored water needs to be melted quickly, the switch valves one, five, six and ten are closed, and the switch valves two, four and nine are opened, and the hot gas will pass through the gas conduit one (1), the gas conduit three (3), the gas conduit four (4) and the gas conduit six (7) in sequence.

4. A hydrogen fuel cell efficient ice breaking system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A gas flow rate sensor 2 (8) is also provided at the end of the gas conduit 6 (7).

5. A hydrogen fuel cell efficient ice breaking system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The gas conduit 1 (1) is provided with a low-temperature heating unit and a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the gas conduit 1 (1), and the temperature sensor is located at an air outlet side of the low-temperature heating unit; When the temperature sensor senses that the temperature on the gas conduit 1 (1) is lower than a preset value, the low-temperature heating unit will be started through the controller.

6. A hydrogen fuel cell efficient ice breaking system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The low-temperature heating unit comprises a heating coil and an electric heater for heating the heating coil. Both ends of the heating coil are connected to a gas conduit 1 (1). A switch valve 3 is provided on one side of the air outlet of the heating coil.

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