A communication method and device

Abstract

The present application relates to a communication method and device. Determine that the content of the second data packet to be sent is the same as the content of the first data packet, and the second data packet is the next data packet of the first data packet; send a repeat indication message, and the repeat indication message is used to indicate that the second data packet is a data packet that repeats the previous data packet. If the content of the second data packet to be sent is the same as the content of the first data packet sent last time, the second data packet is sent instead of the second data packet by sending a repeat indication message. This allows the receiving end to clearly understand the content of the second data packet indicated by the repeat indication message (the same as the content of the first data packet received last time), and because there is no need to send the second data packet, transmission resources can be saved, thereby increasing the capacity of 5GS.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and device. Background Art

[0002] In industrial control scenarios, there is a data packet transmission process. Among the data packets sent from one device to another, there may be a large number of data packets with the same content. For example, to maintain a connection between two devices, heartbeat packets may need to be transmitted, and the content of the heartbeat packets may be the same. For the receiving end of the data packet, if the content of the newly received data packet is different from the content of the last received data packet, the receiving end needs to respond to the newly received data packet; if the content of the newly received data packet is the same as the content of the last received data packet, the receiving end does not need to respond to the newly received data packet.

[0003] At present, the 5th generation mobile communication system (5GS) has entered the industrial field. Industrial control-related services can be transmitted through 5GS. For example, industrial control-related services can be transmitted through 5GS's air interface and core network resources. When using 5GS to transmit industrial control-related services, in order to ensure low latency and reliability, the system capacity of 5GS is often not high. According to the above introduction, industrial control-related services may have a large number of data packets with the same content. Transmitting such data packets through 5GS is a waste of 5GS resources, resulting in a further reduction in the effective capacity of 5GS. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and device for increasing the effective capacity of 5GS.

[0005] In a first aspect, a first communication method is provided, which can be executed by a network device, or by a chip system, and the chip system can implement the function of the network device. Exemplarily, the network device is a core network device, such as a user plane function network element, etc.; or, the network device is an access network device, such as a base station. Alternatively, the first communication method can also be executed by a terminal device, or by a chip system, and the chip system can implement the function of the terminal device. The method includes: determining that the content of a second data packet to be sent is the same as the content of a first data packet, and the second data packet is a data packet after the first data packet; sending a repetition indication information, and the repetition indication information is used to indicate that the second data packet is a data packet that repeats the previous data packet.

[0006] For example, the second data packet may be Figure 4 The first data packet may be a data packet a shown in Figure 4 Data packet b is shown in .

[0007] In an embodiment of the present application, if the content of the second data packet to be sent is the same as the content of the first data packet sent last time, then a repeat indication message can be sent, for example, by sending a repeat indication message instead of sending the second data packet, and by using the repeat indication message to indicate that the second data packet is a repeat data packet of the previous data packet (i.e., the first data packet). This allows the receiving end to clearly understand the content of the second data packet indicated by the repeat indication message (the same as the content of the first data packet received last time), and because there is no need to send the second data packet, transmission resources can be saved, thereby increasing the capacity of 5GS.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the repetition indication information is included in the first signaling; or, the repetition indication information is a compressed data packet, and the compressed data packet is obtained by compressing the second data packet. The repetition indication information is included in the first signaling, so that the first signaling can be sent without sending the second data packet. The first signaling has a smaller amount of information than the second data packet, thereby reducing transmission overhead and improving system capacity. Alternatively, the repetition indication information may also be a compressed data packet, for example, the compressed data packet is obtained by compressing the second data packet, or the compressed data packet may also be obtained by compressing other data packets. The compressed data packet is obtained in order not to send the second data packet, so the transmission overhead of the compressed data packet may be less than that of the second data packet. This can also reduce transmission overhead and improve system capacity.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, determining that the content of the second data packet to be sent is the same as the content of the first data packet includes: detecting the field used to carry data in the second data packet; determining that the value of the field used to carry data in the second data packet is the same as the value of the field used to carry data in the first data packet. Whether the contents of two data packets are the same mainly refers to whether the data carried by the two data packets is the same. Therefore, whether the content of the second data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet can be determined by detecting the field used to carry data in the second data packet. And it is only necessary to detect the field that carries the data, and it is not necessary to detect other fields, which can also improve the detection efficiency.

[0010] In an optional implementation, determining that the value of the field used to carry data in the second data packet is the same as the value of the field used to carry data in the first data packet includes: performing an XOR operation on the value of the field used to carry data in the second data packet and the value of the field used to carry data in the first data packet to obtain an operation result, wherein the operation result is 0. To determine whether the values ​​of the fields are the same, one way is to use an XOR operation, which is relatively simple. Alternatively, other methods may be used, such as an XOR operation.

[0011] In an optional implementation, the method further includes: receiving detection information, wherein the detection information is used to indicate a field in the data packet used to carry data. Generally speaking, the network may not know in advance the position and / or type of the field in the data packet used to carry data, so the field used to carry data can be learned through the detection information, so as to perform a subsequent detection process.

[0012] In a second aspect, a second communication method is provided, which can be executed by a network device, or by a chip system, and the chip system can implement the function of the network device. Exemplarily, the network device is a core network device, such as a user plane function network element, etc.; or, the network device is an access network device, such as a base station. Alternatively, the second communication method can also be executed by a terminal device, or by a chip system, and the chip system can implement the function of the terminal device. The method includes: receiving a first data packet; receiving repetition indication information; generating a second data packet according to the repetition indication information, and the content of the second data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet.

[0013] For example, the first packet may be Figure 4 The second data packet may be Figure 4 Data packet c is shown in .

[0014] If the content of the data packet to be sent is the same as the content of the first data packet sent last time, then a repeat indication message can be sent, for example, by sending a repeat indication message instead of sending the data packet, and by using the repeat indication message to indicate that the data packet to be sent is a duplicate of the previous data packet (i.e., the first data packet). In this way, the receiving end can clearly know the content of the data packet to be sent indicated by the repeat indication message (the same as the content of the first data packet received last time), and since there is no need to send the data packet, transmission resources can be saved, thereby improving the capacity of 5GS. For the application layer of the receiving end of the first data packet, even if the content of the data packet is repeated, it is necessary to ensure continuous reception of the data packet, otherwise if the application layer of the receiving end has a data packet that is not received, it may cause the connection between the receiving end and the sending end of the data packet (e.g., the application server of the first application) to be disconnected. Therefore, if the receiving end does not receive the data packet, the receiving end can generate a second data packet, for example, the receiving end generates the second data packet according to the content of the first data packet. For the application layer of the receiving end, if the second data packet is obtained, it is considered that the second data packet has been received, and the connection between the receiving end and the application server can continue to be maintained.

[0015] In an optional implementation, the repetition indication information is included in the first signaling; or, the repetition indication information is a compressed data packet.

[0016] In an optional implementation, the compressed data packet is obtained by compressing the first data packet.

[0017] In an optional implementation, the repetition indication information is used to indicate that a data packet not received within a preset time range is a data packet that is repeated with a previous data packet.

[0018] In an optional implementation, the method further includes: sending the second data packet.

[0019] Regarding the technical effects brought about by the second aspect or various optional implementations, reference may be made to the introduction to the technical effects of the first aspect or corresponding implementations.

[0020] In a third aspect, a third communication method is provided, which can be executed by a network device, or by a chip system, and the chip system can realize the function of the network device. Exemplarily, the network device is a core network device, such as a user plane function network element, etc.; or, the network device is an access network device, such as a base station. Alternatively, the third communication method can also be executed by a terminal device, or by a chip system, and the chip system can realize the function of the terminal device. The method includes: receiving a first data packet; determining that no data packet is received within a preset time range, generating a second data packet, and the content of the second data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet.

[0021] For example, the first packet may be Figure 4 The second data packet may be Figure 4 Data packet c is shown in .

[0022] If the content of the data packet to be sent is the same as the content of the first data packet sent last time, the repeat indication information may not be sent, but the data packet may continue to be sent, but the sending reliability of the data packet may be reduced. In this way, the transmission overhead of the data packet can be reduced. For the receiving end, since the sending reliability of the data packet is reduced, the receiving end may be able to receive the data packet, or may not be able to receive the data packet. Then, if the receiving end does not receive the data packet within the preset time range, it can be determined that the data packet is not received. For example, the data packet corresponding to the first service is sent according to a period, then the preset time range is, for example, the duration of one or more periods. For the application layer of the receiving end, even if the content of the data packet is repeated, it is necessary to ensure continuous reception of the data packet, otherwise if the application layer of the receiving end has a data packet that is not received, it may cause the connection between the receiving end and the sending end of the data packet (for example, the application server of the first application) to be disconnected. Therefore, if the receiving end does not receive the data packet, the receiving end can generate a second data packet, for example, the receiving end generates the second data packet according to the content of the first data packet. For the application layer of the receiving end, if the second data packet is obtained, it is considered that the second data packet is received, and the connection between the receiving end and the application server can continue to be maintained.

[0023] In an optional implementation, the method further includes: sending the second data packet.

[0024] Regarding the technical effects brought about by the third aspect or various optional implementations, reference may be made to the introduction to the technical effects of the second aspect or the corresponding implementations, and / or, reference may be made to the introduction to the technical effects of the first aspect or the corresponding implementations.

[0025] In a fourth aspect, a fourth communication method is provided, which can be executed by a network device or by a chip system, and the chip system can realize the function of the network device. Exemplarily, the network device is a core network device, such as a user plane function network element. Alternatively, the fourth communication method can also be executed by a terminal device or by a chip system, and the chip system can realize the function of the terminal device. The method includes: sending a first data packet of a first service through a first QoS flow; sending a second data packet of the first service through a second QoS flow, the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow both correspond to a first session and are different QoS flows; wherein the second data packet is a data packet to be sent after the first data packet, the content of the first data packet is the same as the content of the second data packet, the first QoS flow is used to transmit a data packet with a different content from the previous data packet, and the second QoS flow is used to transmit a data packet with the same content as the previous data packet.

[0026] Through the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, repeated data packets and non-repeated data packets can be transmitted on different QoS streams, without the need for all data packets to be transmitted through a QoS stream with higher reliability, thereby eliminating the need to consume a large amount of transmission resources for each data packet, thereby helping to improve system capacity.

[0027] In an optional implementation, the method further includes: determining whether the content of the second data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet. When detecting the content of the second data packet, it can be determined whether the content of the second data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet.

[0028] In an optional embodiment, determining whether the content of the second data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet includes: detecting a field in the second data packet used to carry data; determining whether a value of the field in the second data packet used to carry data is the same as the value of the field in the first data packet used to carry data, wherein if the value of the field in the second data packet used to carry data is the same as the value of the field in the first data packet used to carry data, then determining that the content of the second data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet, otherwise determining that the content of the second data packet is different from the content of the first data packet.

[0029] In an optional embodiment, determining whether the value of the field used to carry data in the first data packet is the same as the value of the field used to carry data in the second data packet includes: performing an XOR operation on the value of the field used to carry data in the first data packet and the value of the field used to carry data in the second data packet to obtain an operation result, wherein if the operation result is 0, it indicates that the value of the field used to carry data in the first data packet is the same as the value of the field used to carry data in the second data packet, and if the operation result is 1, it indicates that the value of the field used to carry data in the first data packet is different from the value of the field used to carry data in the second data packet.

[0030] In an optional implementation, the method further includes: determining whether the content of the second data packet is different from the content of the first data packet. When detecting the content of the second data packet, it can be determined whether the content of the second data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet, or it can be determined whether the content of the second data packet is different from the content of the first data packet. That is, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the judgment logic.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, determining whether the content of the second data packet is different from the content of the first data packet includes: detecting a field in the second data packet used to carry data; determining whether a value of the field in the second data packet used to carry data is different from the value of the field in the first data packet used to carry data, wherein if the value of the field in the second data packet used to carry data is different from the value of the field in the first data packet used to carry data, then determining that the content of the second data packet is different from the content of the first data packet, otherwise determining that the content of the second data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, determining whether the value of the field used to carry data in the first data packet is different from the value of the field used to carry data in the second data packet includes: performing an XOR operation on the value of the field used to carry data in the first data packet and the value of the field used to carry data in the second data packet to obtain an operation result, wherein if the operation result is 1, it indicates that the value of the field used to carry data in the first data packet is different from the value of the field used to carry data in the second data packet, and if the operation result is 0, it indicates that the value of the field used to carry data in the first data packet is the same as the value of the field used to carry data in the second data packet.

[0033] In an optional embodiment, the parameters of the first QoS flow are different from the parameters of the second QoS flow. For example, the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow may have at least one parameter that is different, and / or the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow may have at least one parameter that has a different value. The first QoS flow is used to transmit a data packet whose content is different from the previous data packet, and the second QoS flow is used to transmit a data packet whose content is the same as the previous data packet. Optionally, the reliability of the second QoS flow is lower than the reliability of the first QoS flow, thereby reducing the overhead caused by transmitting duplicate data packets.

[0034] In an optional implementation, the method further includes: sending first indication information to the session management function network element, the first indication information is used to indicate that the content of the second data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet; receiving identification information of the second QoS flow from the session management function network element. The session management function network element may also first establish a QoS flow and temporarily not establish another QoS flow. For example, the session management function network element first establishes the first QoS flow and temporarily does not establish the second QoS flow. If the content of the second data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet, the user plane function network element may send a first indication information to the session management function network element, the first indication information may indicate that the content of the data packet is the same, or the first indication information may indicate that the content of the second data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet. After receiving the first indication information, the session management function network element may establish a second QoS flow according to the first indication information. In this way, if there is no data packet with the same content in the data packets corresponding to the first application (or, the first service), the session management function network element does not need to establish a second QoS flow, which can reduce the overhead caused by establishing a QoS flow and simplify the communication process.

[0035] In an optional implementation, the method further includes: receiving detection information, where the detection information is used to indicate a field in the data packet used to carry data.

[0036] Regarding the technical effects brought about by the fourth aspect or various optional implementations, reference may be made to the introduction of the technical effects of the aforementioned various aspects or corresponding implementations.

[0037] In a fifth aspect, a fifth communication method is provided, which can be executed by a network device or by a chip system, and the chip system can realize the function of the network device. Exemplarily, the network device is a core network device, such as a user plane function network element. Alternatively, the fifth communication method can also be executed by a terminal device or by a chip system, and the chip system can realize the function of the terminal device. The method includes: sending a first data packet of a first service through a second QoS flow; sending a second data packet of the first service through a first QoS flow, the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow both correspond to a first session and are different QoS flows; wherein the second data packet is a data packet to be sent after the first data packet, the content of the first data packet is different from the content of the second data packet, the second QoS flow is used to transmit a data packet with the same content as the previous data packet, and the first QoS flow is used to transmit a data packet with a different content from the previous data packet.

[0038] In an optional implementation, the method further includes: determining whether content of the second data packet is different from content of the first data packet.

[0039] In an optional embodiment, determining whether the content of the second data packet is different from the content of the first data packet includes: detecting a field in the second data packet used to carry data; determining whether a value of the field in the second data packet used to carry data is different from the value of the field in the first data packet used to carry data, wherein if the value of the field in the second data packet used to carry data is different from the value of the field in the first data packet used to carry data, then determining that the content of the second data packet is different from the content of the first data packet, otherwise determining that the content of the second data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet.

[0040] In an optional embodiment, determining whether a value of a field in the first data packet used to carry data is different from a value of a field in the second data packet used to carry data includes: performing an XOR operation on the value of the field in the first data packet used to carry data and the value of the field in the second data packet used to carry data to obtain an operation result, wherein the operation result is used to indicate whether the value of the field in the first data packet used to carry data is different from the value of the field in the second data packet used to carry data, wherein if the operation result is 1, it indicates that the value of the field in the first data packet used to carry data is different from the value of the field in the second data packet used to carry data, and if the operation result is 0, it indicates that the value of the field in the first data packet used to carry data is the same as the value of the field in the second data packet used to carry data.

[0041] In an optional implementation, the method further includes: determining whether content of the second data packet is the same as content of the first data packet.

[0042] In an optional embodiment, determining whether the content of the second data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet includes: detecting a field in the second data packet used to carry data; determining whether a value of the field in the second data packet used to carry data is the same as the value of the field in the first data packet used to carry data, wherein if the value of the field in the second data packet used to carry data is the same as the value of the field in the first data packet used to carry data, then determining that the content of the second data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet, otherwise determining that the content of the second data packet is different from the content of the first data packet.

[0043] In an optional embodiment, determining whether a value of a field in the first data packet used to carry data is the same as a value of a field in the second data packet used to carry data, includes: performing an XOR operation on the value of the field in the first data packet used to carry data and the value of the field in the second data packet used to carry data to obtain an operation result, wherein the operation result is used to indicate whether the value of the field in the first data packet used to carry data is the same as the value of the field in the second data packet used to carry data, wherein if the operation result is 0, it indicates that the value of the field in the first data packet used to carry data is the same as the value of the field in the second data packet used to carry data, and if the operation result is 1, it indicates that the value of the field in the first data packet used to carry data is different from the value of the field in the second data packet used to carry data.

[0044] In an optional implementation, parameters of the first QoS flow are different from parameters of the second QoS flow.

[0045] In an optional implementation, the method further includes: sending first indication information to a session management function network element, the first indication information being used to indicate that content of the second data packet is different from content of the first data packet; and receiving identification information of the first QoS flow from the session management function network element.

[0046] In an optional implementation, the method further includes: receiving detection information, where the detection information is used to indicate a field in the data packet used to carry data.

[0047] Regarding the technical effects brought about by the fifth aspect or various optional implementations, reference may be made to the introduction of the technical effects of the aforementioned various aspects or corresponding implementations.

[0048] In a sixth aspect, a sixth communication method is provided, which can be executed by a network device or by a chip system, and the chip system can implement the function of the network device. Exemplarily, the network device is a core network device, such as a session management function network element. The method includes: the session management function network element receives detection information, and the detection information is used to indicate a field in a data packet used to carry data; the session management function network element sends the detection information to a user plane function network element and / or a terminal device.

[0049] In an optional implementation, the session management function network element sends the detection information to the user plane function network element, including: the session management function network element sends a PDR to the user plane function network element, the PDR includes the detection information; or the session management function network element sends a QER to the user plane function network element, the QER includes the detection information. In addition, the session management function network element may also send the detection information to the user plane function network element in other ways.

[0050] In an optional implementation, the session management function network element sends the detection information to the terminal device, including: the session management function network element sends a QoS rule to the terminal device, the QoS rule includes the detection information. In addition, the session management function network element can also send the detection information to the terminal device in other ways.

[0051] In an optional embodiment, the method also includes: the session management function network element establishes a first QoS flow and a second QoS flow, the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow both correspond to the first session, the first QoS flow is used to transmit a data packet with different content from the last data packet sent, and the second QoS flow is used to transmit a data packet with the same content as the last data packet sent.

[0052] In an optional implementation, the session management function network element establishes a first QoS flow and a second QoS flow, including: the session management function network element receives first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate that the contents of the data packets are the same; the session management function network element establishes the second QoS flow according to the first indication information.

[0053] In an optional implementation, the session management function network element establishes a first QoS flow and a second QoS flow, including: the session management function network element receives first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate that the contents of the data packet are different; the session management function network element establishes the first QoS flow according to the first indication information.

[0054] In an optional implementation, parameters of the first QoS flow are different from parameters of the second QoS flow.

[0055] Regarding the technical effects brought about by the sixth aspect or various optional implementations, reference may be made to the introduction of the technical effects of the aforementioned various aspects or corresponding implementations.

[0056] In a seventh aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device may be the network device described in any one of the first to sixth aspects above, or an electronic device (e.g., a chip system) configured in the network device, or a larger device including the network device. The network device includes corresponding means or modules for executing the above method. The network device is, for example, an access network device, a user plane function network element, or a session management function network element. For example, the communication device includes a processing unit (sometimes also referred to as a processing module) and a transceiver unit (sometimes also referred to as a transceiver module). The transceiver unit can implement a sending function and a receiving function. When the transceiver unit implements the sending function, it can be referred to as a sending unit (sometimes also referred to as a sending module), and when the transceiver unit implements the receiving function, it can be referred to as a receiving unit (sometimes also referred to as a receiving module). The sending unit and the receiving unit may be the same functional module, which is called a transceiver unit, and the functional module can implement a sending function and a receiving function; or, the sending unit and the receiving unit may be different functional modules, and the transceiver unit is a general term for these functional modules.

[0057] For example, the processing unit is used to determine that the content of the second data packet to be sent is the same as the content of the first data packet, and the second data packet is the next data packet of the first data packet; the transceiver unit (or, the sending unit) is used to send repetition indication information, and the repetition indication information is used to indicate that the second data packet is a data packet that repeats the previous data packet. Alternatively, the processing unit is used to determine that the content of the second data packet to be sent is the same as the content of the first data packet, and the second data packet is the next data packet of the first data packet; the processing unit is used to send repetition indication information through the transceiver unit (or, the sending unit), and the repetition indication information is used to indicate that the second data packet is a data packet that repeats the previous data packet.

[0058] For another example, the transceiver unit (or, the receiving unit) is used to receive a first data packet; the transceiver unit (or, the receiving unit) is also used to receive repetition indication information; the processing unit is used to generate a third data packet according to the repetition indication information, and the content of the third data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet. Alternatively, the processing unit is used to receive a first data packet through the transceiver unit (or, the receiving unit); the processing unit is also used to receive repetition indication information through the transceiver unit (or, the receiving unit); the processing unit is used to generate a third data packet according to the repetition indication information, and the content of the third data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet.

[0059] For another example, the transceiver unit (or the sending unit) is used to send a first data packet of a first service through a first QoS flow; the transceiver unit (or the sending unit) is also used to send a second data packet of the first service through a second QoS flow, the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow both correspond to a first session and are different QoS flows; wherein the second data packet is a data packet to be sent after the first data packet, the content of the first data packet is the same as the content of the second data packet, the first QoS flow is used to transmit a data packet with a content different from that of the previous data packet, and the second QoS flow is used to transmit a data packet with a content the same as that of the previous data packet. Alternatively, the processing unit is used to send a first data packet of the first service through the transceiver unit (or the sending unit) through a first QoS flow; the processing unit is also used to send a second data packet of the first service through the transceiver unit (or the sending unit) through a second QoS flow, the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow both correspond to a first session and are different QoS flows; wherein the second data packet is a data packet to be sent after the first data packet, the content of the first data packet is the same as the content of the second data packet, the first QoS flow is used to transmit a data packet with a content different from that of the previous data packet, and the second QoS flow is used to transmit a data packet with a content the same as that of the previous data packet.

[0060] For another example, the transceiver unit (or the sending unit) is used to send a first data packet of the first service through a second QoS flow; the transceiver unit (or the sending unit) is also used to send a second data packet of the first service through a first QoS flow, the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow both correspond to a first session and are different QoS flows; wherein the second data packet is a data packet to be sent after the first data packet, the content of the first data packet is different from the content of the second data packet, the second QoS flow is used to transmit a data packet with the same content as the previous data packet, and the first QoS flow is used to transmit a data packet with a different content from the previous data packet. Alternatively, the processing unit is used to send a first data packet of the first service through the transceiver unit (or the sending unit) through a second QoS flow; the processing unit is also used to send a second data packet of the first service through the transceiver unit (or the sending unit) through a first QoS flow, the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow both correspond to a first session and are different QoS flows; wherein the second data packet is a data packet to be sent after the first data packet, the content of the first data packet is different from the content of the second data packet, the second QoS flow is used to transmit a data packet with the same content as the previous data packet, and the first QoS flow is used to transmit a data packet with a different content from the previous data packet.

[0061] For example, the transceiver unit (or the receiving unit) is used to receive detection information, and the detection information is used to indicate a field in a data packet used to carry data; the transceiver unit (or the sending unit) is used to send the detection information to a user plane functional network element and / or a terminal device. Alternatively, the processing unit is used to receive detection information through the transceiver unit (or the receiving unit), and the detection information is used to indicate a field in a data packet used to carry data; the processing unit is also used to send the detection information to a user plane functional network element and / or a terminal device through the transceiver unit (or the sending unit).

[0062] Optionally, the communication device includes: a processor coupled to a memory, configured to execute instructions in the memory to implement the method performed by the network device in any one of the first to sixth aspects. Optionally, the communication device also includes other components, such as an antenna, an input / output module, an interface, etc. These components may be hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0063] In an eighth aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device may be a terminal device as described in any one of the first to sixth aspects above, or an electronic device (e.g., a chip system) configured in the terminal device, or a larger device including the terminal device. The terminal device includes corresponding means or modules for executing the above method. For example, the communication device includes a processing unit (sometimes also referred to as a processing module) and a transceiver unit (sometimes also referred to as a transceiver module). For the implementation of the transceiver unit, reference may be made to the introduction of the seventh aspect.

[0064] For example, the processing unit is used to determine that the content of the second data packet to be sent is the same as the content of the first data packet, and the second data packet is the next data packet of the first data packet; the transceiver unit (or, the sending unit) is used to send repetition indication information, and the repetition indication information is used to indicate that the second data packet is a data packet that repeats the previous data packet. Alternatively, the processing unit is used to determine that the content of the second data packet to be sent is the same as the content of the first data packet, and the second data packet is the next data packet of the first data packet; the processing unit is used to send repetition indication information through the transceiver unit (or, the sending unit), and the repetition indication information is used to indicate that the second data packet is a data packet that repeats the previous data packet.

[0065] For another example, the transceiver unit (or, the receiving unit) is used to receive a first data packet; the transceiver unit (or, the receiving unit) is also used to receive repetition indication information; the processing unit is used to generate a third data packet according to the repetition indication information, and the content of the third data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet. Alternatively, the processing unit is used to receive a first data packet through the transceiver unit (or, the receiving unit); the processing unit is also used to receive repetition indication information through the transceiver unit (or, the receiving unit); the processing unit is used to generate a third data packet according to the repetition indication information, and the content of the third data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet.

[0066] For another example, the transceiver unit (or the sending unit) is used to send a first data packet of a first service through a first QoS flow; the transceiver unit (or the sending unit) is also used to send a second data packet of the first service through a second QoS flow, the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow both correspond to a first session and are different QoS flows; wherein the second data packet is a data packet to be sent after the first data packet, the content of the first data packet is the same as the content of the second data packet, the first QoS flow is used to transmit a data packet with a content different from that of the previous data packet, and the second QoS flow is used to transmit a data packet with a content the same as that of the previous data packet. Alternatively, the processing unit is used to send a first data packet of the first service through the transceiver unit (or the sending unit) through a first QoS flow; the processing unit is also used to send a second data packet of the first service through the transceiver unit (or the sending unit) through a second QoS flow, the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow both correspond to a first session and are different QoS flows; wherein the second data packet is a data packet to be sent after the first data packet, the content of the first data packet is the same as the content of the second data packet, the first QoS flow is used to transmit a data packet with a content different from that of the previous data packet, and the second QoS flow is used to transmit a data packet with a content the same as that of the previous data packet.

[0067] For another example, the transceiver unit (or the sending unit) is used to send a first data packet of the first service through a second QoS flow; the transceiver unit (or the sending unit) is also used to send a second data packet of the first service through a first QoS flow, the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow both correspond to a first session and are different QoS flows; wherein the second data packet is a data packet to be sent after the first data packet, the content of the first data packet is different from the content of the second data packet, the second QoS flow is used to transmit a data packet with the same content as the previous data packet, and the first QoS flow is used to transmit a data packet with a different content from the previous data packet. Alternatively, the processing unit is used to send a first data packet of the first service through the transceiver unit (or the sending unit) through a second QoS flow; the processing unit is also used to send a second data packet of the first service through the transceiver unit (or the sending unit) through a first QoS flow, the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow both correspond to a first session and are different QoS flows; wherein the second data packet is a data packet to be sent after the first data packet, the content of the first data packet is different from the content of the second data packet, the second QoS flow is used to transmit a data packet with the same content as the previous data packet, and the first QoS flow is used to transmit a data packet with a different content from the previous data packet.

[0068] Optionally, the communication device includes: a processor coupled to a memory, configured to execute instructions in the memory to implement the method performed by the terminal device in any one of the first to sixth aspects. Optionally, the communication device also includes other components, such as an antenna, an input / output module, an interface, etc. These components may be hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0069] In a ninth aspect, a communication system is provided, which includes a first communication device and a second communication device. The first communication device is, for example, a network device, or a chip system arranged in the network device, or a larger device including the network device; the second communication device is, for example, a terminal device, or a chip system arranged in the terminal device, or a larger device including the terminal device. Alternatively, the first communication device is, for example, a terminal device, or a chip system arranged in the terminal device, or a larger device including the terminal device; the second communication device is, for example, a network device, or a chip system arranged in the network device, or a larger device including the network device. Wherein, the network device is a core network device, such as a user plane function network element, etc.; or, the network device is an access network device, such as a base station.

[0070] For example, a first communication device is used to determine that the content of a second data packet to be sent is the same as the content of a first data packet, and to send repetition indication information, wherein the second data packet is the subsequent data packet of the first data packet, and the repetition indication information is used to indicate that the second data packet is a data packet that repeats the previous data packet; a second communication device is used to receive the first data packet, and receive the repetition indication information, and generate a third data packet according to the repetition indication information, wherein the content of the third data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet.

[0071] For another example, a first communication device is used to determine that the content of a second data packet to be sent is the same as the content of a first data packet, and to send a repetition indication message, wherein the second data packet is the next data packet of the first data packet, and the repetition indication message is used to indicate that the second data packet is a data packet that repeats the previous data packet; a second communication device is used to receive a first data packet, and, if it determines that no data packet is received within a preset time range, generates a third data packet, and the content of the third data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet.

[0072] In a tenth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium is used to store computer programs or instructions, and when the computer-readable storage medium is executed, the methods executed by the terminal device or network device in the above aspects are implemented.

[0073] According to an eleventh aspect, a computer program product comprising instructions is provided, which, when executed on a computer, enables the methods described in the above aspects to be implemented. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0074] Figure 1A , Figure 1B , Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figure 3A , Figure 3B Schematic diagram of several application scenarios of the embodiments of the present application;

[0075] Figure 4 A flowchart of a first communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0076] Figure 5A A schematic diagram of storing data in a UDR in a 5G system;

[0077] Figure 5B A schematic diagram of the structure of a data packet in an industrial control scenario;

[0078] Figure 5C A schematic diagram of the frequency of content changes of data packets in industrial control scenarios;

[0079] Figure 6A flowchart of a second communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0080] Figure 7 A flowchart of a third communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0081] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a QoS rule provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0082] Fig. 9 A flowchart of a fourth communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0083] Fig.10 A flowchart of a fifth communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0084] Fig.11 A flowchart of a sixth communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0085] Fig.12 A flowchart of a seventh communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0086] Fig.13 A flowchart of an eighth communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0087] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of a device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0088] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of another device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0089] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0090] Below, some terms in the embodiments of the present application are explained to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.

[0091] In the embodiment of the present application, the terminal device is a device with wireless transceiver function, which can be a fixed device, a mobile device, a handheld device, a wearable device, a vehicle-mounted device, or a wireless device built into the above device (for example, a communication module or a chip system, etc.). The terminal device is used to connect people, objects, machines, etc., and can be widely used in various scenarios, such as but not limited to the following scenarios: cellular communication, device-to-device communication (device-to-device, D2D), vehicle to everything (vehicle to everything, V2X), machine-to-machine / machine-type communication (machine-to-machine / machine-type communications, M2M / MTC), Internet of Things (Internet of Things, IoT), virtual reality (virtual reality, VR), augmented reality (augmented reality, AR), industrial control (industrial control), self-driving, remote medical, smart grid (smart grid), smart furniture, smart office, smart wear, smart transportation, smart city (smart city), drones, robots and other scenarios of terminal devices. The terminal device may sometimes be referred to as user equipment (UE), terminal, access station, UE station, remote station, wireless communication equipment, or user device, etc. For the convenience of description, the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application will be described using UE as an example.

[0092] The network devices in the embodiments of the present application include, for example, access network devices (or, referred to as access network elements) and / or core network devices (or, referred to as core network elements).

[0093] The access network device is a device with wireless transceiver function, which is used to communicate with the terminal device. The access network device includes but is not limited to the base station (BTS, Node B, eNodeB / eNB, or gNodeB / gNB) in the above communication system, the transceiver point (t(R)ANsmission reception point, TRP), the base station of the subsequent evolution of 3GPP, the access node in the wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, WiFi) system, the wireless relay node, the wireless backhaul node, etc. The base station can be: a macro base station, a micro base station, a micro-micro base station, a small station, a relay station, etc. Multiple base stations can support the network of the same access technology mentioned above, or they can support the network of different access technologies mentioned above. The base station can include one or more co-site or non-co-site transmission and reception points. The network device can also be a wireless controller, a centralized unit (CU), and / or a distributed unit (DU) in the cloud radio access network (C(R)AN) scenario. The network device can also be a server, a wearable device, or a vehicle-mounted device, etc. For example, the network device in the vehicle to everything (V2X) technology may be a road side unit (RSU). The following describes the access network device by taking a base station as an example. The multiple network devices in the communication system may be base stations of the same type or base stations of different types. The base station may communicate with the terminal device or communicate with the terminal device through a relay station. The terminal device may communicate with multiple base stations in different access technologies.

[0094] The core network device is used to implement at least one of the functions of mobility management, data processing, session management, policy and billing. The names of the devices that implement the core network functions in systems with different access technologies may be different, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. Taking the 5G system as an example, the core network device includes: access and mobility management function (AMF), session management function (SMF), or user plane function (UPF), etc.

[0095] In the embodiment of the present application, the device for realizing the function of the network device may be a network device, or may be a device capable of supporting the network device to realize the function, such as a chip system, which may be installed in the network device. In the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application is described by taking the device for realizing the function of the network device as an example that the network device is used as the device.

[0096] In this application, the number of nouns, unless otherwise specified, means "singular noun or plural noun", that is, "one or more". "At least one" means one or more, and "plural" means two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B means: A or B. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c means: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a and b and c, where a, b, c can be single or plural.

[0097] It should be noted that the policy control function network element, session management function network element, user plane function network element, and unified data repository network element involved in the embodiments of the present application are only names, and the names do not limit the devices themselves. Taking the 5G system as an example, the policy control function network element is, for example, PCF, the session management function network element is, for example, SMF, the user plane function network element is, for example, UPF, and the unified data repository network element is, for example, a unified data repository (UDR). In non-5G systems, such as other communication systems in the future, the policy control function network element, the session management function network element, the user plane function network element, or the unified data repository network element may also correspond to other network elements, and the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this.

[0098] The 5G communication system architecture is divided into two parts: the access network and the core network. The access network is used to implement functions related to wireless access. The access network includes the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) access network and the non-3GPP access network. The core network is connected to the access network and is used to implement functions related to user control and management.

[0099] Please refer to Figure 1A, is a schematic diagram of a network architecture used in an embodiment of the present application. The network architecture is, for example, a service-oriented architecture of a 5G network, and the network architecture is a non-roaming network architecture. The 5G network includes (R)AN equipment, UPF, AMF, SMF, authentication server function (AUSF), network slice selection function (NSSF), network exposure function (NEF), network exposure function Repository Function (NRF), policy control function (PCF), unified data management (UDM), unified data repository (UDR), application function (AF) or charging function (CHF), etc. It should be noted that, Figure 1A Some examples of network elements or entities in a 5G network are given only as examples. The 5G network may also include some network data analytics functions (NWDAF) and the like. Figure 1A The embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the network elements or entities not shown.

[0100] Among them, Figure 1A As shown, the UE accesses the 5G network through the (R)AN device, and the UE communicates with the AMF through the N1 interface (referred to as N1); the (R)AN device communicates with the AMF through the N2 interface (referred to as N2); the (R)AN device communicates with the UPF through the N3 interface (referred to as N3); the SMF communicates with the UPF through the N4 interface (referred to as N4), and the UPF accesses the data network (datanetwork, DN) through the N6 interface (referred to as N6). In addition, Figure 1AThe control plane functions shown in the figure, such as AUSF, AMF, SMF, NSSF, NEF, NRF, PCF, UDM, UDR, CHF or AF, use service-based interfaces for interaction. For example, the service-based interface provided by AUSF to the outside is Nausf; the service-based interface provided by AMF to the outside is Namf; the service-based interface provided by SMF to the outside is Nsmf; the service-based interface provided by NSSF to the outside is Nnssf; the service-based interface provided by NEF to the outside is Nnef; the service-based interface provided by NRF to the outside is Nnrf; the service-based interface provided by PCF to the outside is Npcf; the service-based interface provided by UDM to the outside is Nudm; the service-based interface provided by UDR to the outside is Nudr; the service-based interface provided by CHF to the outside is Nchf; the service-based interface provided by AF to the outside is Naf. For the relevant function description and interface description, please refer to the 5G system architecture diagram in the 23501 standard, which will not be repeated here.

[0101] Please also refer to Figure 1B , is a schematic diagram of another network architecture used in the embodiment of the present application, and the network architecture is a non-roaming network architecture. In this network architecture, network elements such as NSSF, AUSF, UDM, UE, (R)AN, PCF and SMF can communicate with AMF. AUSF can also communicate with UDM, UDM can also communicate with SMF, and SMF can communicate with UPF and PCF in addition to AMF and UDM. PCF can also communicate with AF and NEF. NEF can also communicate with AF. UPF can communicate with (R)AN and DN. Figure 1B In the example, "Nxx" between two network elements represents the interface between the two network elements. For example, N22 represents the interface between NSSF and AMF, N12 represents the interface between AUSF and AMF, N8 represents the interface between UDM and AMF, and so on.

[0102] Please refer to Figure 2A, is another network architecture diagram applied in the embodiment of the present application, and the network architecture is, for example, a service-oriented architecture of a 5G network. The network architecture is a roaming network architecture, for example, a roaming scenario of local breakout (LBO). In this scenario, the service needs to be unloaded in a visited public land mobile network (VPLMN), that is, the DN is in the VPLMN. The 5G network includes a home public land mobile network (HPLMN) and a VPLMN, the HPLMN being the home network of the UE, and the VPLMN being the roaming network of the UE, and the VPLMN and the HPLMN communicating through a visited security edge protection proxy (vSEPP) and a home security edge protection proxy (hSEPP).

[0103] Among them, Figure 2A As shown, in VPLMN, UE accesses 5G network through (R)AN equipment, UE communicates with AMF through N1 interface (referred to as N1); (R)AN equipment communicates with AMF through N2 interface (referred to as N2); (R)AN equipment communicates with UPF through N3 interface (referred to as N3); SMF communicates with UPF through N4 interface (referred to as N4), and UPF accesses DN through N6 interface (referred to as N6). In addition, Figure 2A The control plane functions of the VPLMN such as NSSF, NEF, AMF, SMF, NRF, PCF, or AF shown in the figure use service-based interfaces for interaction. For example, the service-based interface provided by AMF is Namf; the service-based interface provided by SMF is Nsmf; the service-based interface provided by NSSF is Nnssf; the service-based interface provided by NEF is Nnef; the service-based interface provided by NRF is Nnrf; the service-based interface provided by PCF is Npcf; and the service-based interface provided by AF is Naf. Figure 2A The control plane functions of the HPLMN, such as UDM, AUSF, PCF, NRF, NSSF, or NEF, also interact using service-based interfaces. For example, the service-based interface provided by AUSF to the outside is Nausf; the service-based interface provided by UDM to the outside is Nudm.

[0104] Please also refer to Figure 2B, which is another network architecture diagram applied in the embodiment of the present application, and the network architecture is a roaming network architecture, for example, a roaming scenario of LBO. The 5G network includes HPLMN and VPLMN. In this network architecture, the NSSF, UE, (R)AN, SMF in the VPLMN, and the AUSF and UDM in the HPLMN can communicate with the AMF in the VPLMN. The SMF in the VPLMN can also communicate with the UPF, PCF (also called vPCF) in the VPLMN, and the UDM in the HPLMN. The PCF in the VPLMN can also communicate with the AF in the VPLMN and the PCF (also called hPCF) in the HPLMN. The UPF in the VPLMN can also communicate with the (R)AN and DN in the VPLMN. Figure 2B In the example, "Nxx" between two network elements indicates the interface between the two network elements.

[0105] Please refer to Figure 3A , is another network architecture diagram applied in the embodiment of the present application, and the network architecture is, for example, a service-oriented architecture of a 5G network. The network architecture is a roaming network architecture, for example, a home routed (HR) roaming scenario. In this scenario, the service needs to be unloaded in the HPLMN, that is, the DN is in the HPLMN. The 5G network includes the HPLMN and the VPLMN, the HPLMN is the home network of the UE, the VPLMN is the roaming network of the UE, and the VPLMN and the HPLMN communicate through vSEPP and hSEPP.

[0106] Among them, Figure 3A As shown, in VPLMN, UE accesses the 5G network through (R)AN equipment, and UE communicates with AMF through N1 interface (N1 for short); (R)AN equipment communicates with AMF through N2 interface (N2 for short); (R)AN equipment communicates with UPF through N3 interface (N3 for short); SMF communicates with UPF through N4 interface (N4 for short). In HPLMN, UPF accesses DN through N6 interface (N6 for short); UPF communicates with SMF through N4 interface (N4 for short). And UPF in VPLMN communicates with UPF in HPLMN through N9 interface (N2 for short). In addition, Figure 3A The control plane functions of the VPLMN such as NSSF, NEF, AMF, SMF, NRF, or PCF shown in the figure use service-based interfaces for interaction. For example, the service-based interface provided by AMF is Namf; the service-based interface provided by SMF is Nsmf; the service-based interface provided by NSSF is Nnssf; the service-based interface provided by NEF is Nnef; the service-based interface provided by NRF is Nnrf; the service-based interface provided by PCF is Npcf Figure 3AThe control plane functions of the HPLMN, such as UDM, AUSF, PCF, NRF, NSSF, AF, or NEF, also use service-based interfaces for interaction. For example, the service-based interface provided by AUSF is Nausf; the service-based interface provided by UDM is Nudm; and the service-based interface provided by AF is Naf.

[0107] Please also refer to Figure 3B , is another network architecture diagram applied in the embodiment of the present application, and the network architecture is a roaming network architecture, for example, a roaming scenario of HR. The 5G network includes HPLMN and VPLMN. In this network architecture, the NSSF, UE, (R)AN, SMF, PCF in the VPLMN, and the AUSF and UDM in the HPLMN can communicate with the AMF in the VPLMN. The SMF in the VPLMN can also communicate with the UPF in the VPLMN and the SMF in the HPLMN. The PCF in the VPLMN can also communicate with the PCF in the HPLMN. The UPF in the VPLMN can also communicate with the (R)AN in the VPLMN and the UPF in the HPLMN. The NSSF in the VPLMN can also communicate with the NSSF in the HPLMN. The SMF in the HPLMN can also communicate with the UPF, UDM and PCF in the HPLMN. The UDM in the HPLMN can also communicate with the AUSF in the HPLMN. The PCF in the HPLMN can also communicate with the AF in the HPLMN. The UPF in the HPLMN can also access the DN in the VPLMN. Figure 3B In the example, "Nxx" between two network elements indicates the interface between the two network elements.

[0108] The functions of some of the network elements involved above are introduced below.

[0109] AMF network element, referred to as AMF, is mainly responsible for mobility management in mobile networks, such as user location update, user registration network, user switching, etc.

[0110] SMF network element, referred to as SMF, is mainly responsible for session management in mobile networks, such as session establishment, modification, and release. Specific functions include allocating Internet Protocol (IP) addresses to users and selecting UPFs that provide message forwarding functions.

[0111] The UPF network element, referred to as UPF, is responsible for forwarding and receiving user data in terminal devices. It can receive user data from the data network and transmit it to the terminal device through the access network device; it can also receive user data from the terminal device through the access network device and then forward it to the data network. The transmission resources and scheduling functions in the UPF that provide services to the terminal devices are managed and controlled by the SMF.

[0112] PCF network element, referred to as PCF for short, mainly supports providing a unified policy framework to control network behavior, provides policy rules to the control layer network functions, and is responsible for obtaining user contract information related to policy decisions.

[0113] NEF network element, referred to as NEF, is mainly used to support the opening of capabilities and events.

[0114] AF network element, referred to as AF, mainly supports interaction with the 3GPP core network to provide services, such as influencing data routing decisions, policy control functions or providing some third-party services to the network side.

[0115] UDM network element, referred to as UDM, is used to generate authentication credentials, user identity processing (such as storing and managing user permanent identities, etc.), access authorization control and contract data management.

[0116] DN refers to a service network that provides data transmission services to users, such as IP multi-media service (IMS) or the Internet, etc. UE can access DN through a packet data unit (PDU) session established between UE and DN.

[0117] The technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the 5G system, for example, to any network architecture shown above. Alternatively, the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application can also be applied to the next generation mobile communication system or other similar communication systems, without specific limitation.

[0118] The following describes the method provided by the embodiment of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings corresponding to the various embodiments of the present application, all steps represented by dotted lines are optional steps. Also, in the introduction of the various embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present application are applied to the 5G system as an example, so each network element is described as the corresponding network element in the 5G system. For example, the PCF described in the various embodiments of the present application can be replaced by a policy control function network element; the SMF described in the various embodiments of the present application can be replaced by a session management function network element; the UPF described in the various embodiments of the present application can be replaced by a user plane function network element; the AF described in the various embodiments of the present application can be replaced by an application function network element; the UDR described in the various embodiments of the present application can be replaced by a unified data storage network element, and so on. If the technical solutions provided by the various embodiments of the present application are applied to other communication systems, the name and / or function of the network element may change, and there is no restriction on this.

[0119] The present application embodiment provides a first communication method, see Figure 4, which is a flow chart of the method. For example, the method can be applied to Figure 1A , Figure 1B , Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figure 3A or Figure 3B The network architecture shown.

[0120] S401, PCF determines the field in the data packet used to carry data. Figure 2A or Figure 2B In the LBO roaming scenario shown in FIG. 1 , the PCF is, for example, a PCF in a VPLMN; or, if the embodiment of the present application is applied to Figure 3A or Figure 3B In the HR roaming scenario shown, the PCF is, for example, a PCF in the HPLMN.

[0121] For example, AF may send first information to PCF, and the first information may indicate a field in a data packet used to carry data. AF may send the first information directly to PCF, or AF may send the first information to NEF, and NEF may send the first information to UDR. After the corresponding session is established, PCF may obtain the first information from UDR. Taking the 5G system as an example, the session is, for example, a PDU session. In other communication systems, the session may also be other types of sessions. In various embodiments of the present application, the session is taken as an example of a PDU session. Among them, if the embodiments of the present application are applied to Figure 2A or Figure 2B In the LBO roaming scenario shown in FIG. 1 , the NEF is, for example, an NEF in a VPLMN; or, if the embodiment of the present application is applied to Figure 3A or Figure 3B In the HR roaming scenario shown, the NEF is, for example, the NEF in the HPLMN.

[0122] In addition, the 5G system architecture allows UDM, PCF and NEF to store data in UDR, including at least one of UDM subscription data, PCF subscription data, policy data, structured data for exposure, and application data for application detection. Figure 5A. For example, the application data includes at least one of information such as packet flow description (PFD) and request information provided by AF for multiple UEs. UDR can be deployed in each PLMN. For example, the UDR accessible by NEF belongs to the same PLMN where the NEF is located; if UDM supports a split architecture, the UDR accessible by UDM belongs to the same PLMN where the UDM is located; the UDR accessible by PCF belongs to the same PLMN where the PCF is located. For example, if the embodiment of the present application is applied to Figure 2A or Figure 2B In the LBO roaming scenario shown in FIG. 1 , the NEF is, for example, an NEF in a VPLMN, and the PCF is, for example, a PCF in a VPLMN. Then, the NEF sends the first information to the UDR, and the PCF can obtain the first information from the UDR, which can also be located in the VPLMN. For another example, if the embodiment of the present application is applied to Figure 3A or Figure 3B In the HR roaming scenario shown, the NEF is, for example, the NEF in the HPLMN, and the PCF is, for example, the PCF in the HPLMN. Then, the NEF sends the first information to the UDR, and the PCF can obtain the first information from the UDR, and the UDR can also be located in the HPLMN.

[0123] In industrial control scenarios, a data packet structure can refer to Figure 5B .according to Figure 5B It can be seen that a data packet may include an Ethernet packet header, a service data packet header, a state quantity, a switch quantity, a padding quantity, and a frame check sequence (FCS). The service data packet header may contain the sequence number of the data packet to indicate the order of the data packets. The state quantity and the switch quantity carry specific data of the service layer. The service data packet header, the state quantity, and the switch quantity may be collectively referred to as a payload.

[0124] Since the Ethernet frame size is limited to 64 bytes, the payload in industrial scenarios is generally not enough, so padding is required to make the Ethernet frame size reach 64 bytes, and the padding is used to carry the padding bits. FCS is, for example, a cyclic redundancy check code, and the receiving end of the data packet can check the data packet according to the FCS to determine whether the data packet is transmitted correctly.

[0125] In general, the frequency of changes in state quantities and switch quantities is small, which can be referred to Figure 5C , which are examples of data packets sent by a programmable logic controller (PLC) device and data packets sent by an input / output (I / O) device. Figure 5C Each box in represents a data packet. If a box is marked with "0", it means that the content of the data packet has not changed compared with the previous data packet. If a box is marked with "1", it means that the content of the data packet has changed compared with the previous data packet. Figure 5C It can be seen that among multiple data packets, there are not many data packets whose contents have changed.

[0126] To determine whether the contents of two data packets are the same, one way is to determine whether the values ​​of the fields used to carry data in the two data packets are the same. According to the foregoing introduction, the fields used to carry data in the data packet include switch quantities (or switch quantity fields) and state quantities (or state quantity fields). In addition, the service data packet header also includes a sequence number, and the sequence number may be different for different data packets. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application believes that the fields used to carry data in the data packet may include at least one field, and at least one field may include, for example, a switch quantity, a state quantity, or one or more fields in the service data packet header; or, at least one field does not include the above fields, but includes other fields; or, at least one field includes other fields in addition to the switch quantity, the state quantity, or one or more fields in the service data packet header. There is no specific limitation, as long as at least one field is used to carry a portion that is different from other data packets.

[0127] The first information indicates the field used to carry data in the data packet. One indication method is to indicate the starting position and ending position of the field used to carry data in the data packet; or another indication method is to indicate the starting position and continuous length of the field used to carry data in the data packet; or another indication method is to indicate the ending position and continuous length of the field used to carry data in the data packet, or there may be other indication methods. Among them, the first information is to indicate the starting position of the field used to carry data in the data packet, which can also be regarded as indicating the first offset of the field in the data packet; the first information is to indicate the ending position of the field used to carry data in the data packet, which can also be regarded as indicating the second offset of the field in the data packet. The first information is to indicate the continuous length of the field used to carry data in the data packet, for example, it can be indicated by the number of bits occupied by the field in the data packet.

[0128] If the field used to carry data includes only one field, such as a service data packet header, a switch quantity, or a status quantity, the first information may indicate the first offset and the second offset of the field in the data packet, or indicate the first offset and the continuous length of the field in the data packet, or indicate the second offset and the continuous length of the field in the data packet. For example, the field used to carry data includes a service data packet header, and the first information indicates the first offset and the second offset of the service data packet header in the data packet, for example, the first offset is 2 and the second offset is 6, indicating that the service data packet header occupies the 3rd bit to the 7th bit in the data packet.

[0129] Alternatively, if the field used to carry the data packet includes multiple fields, such as a service data packet header, a switch quantity, or three or any two of the status quantities, the first information may indicate the multiple fields separately. For example, the first information may indicate the first offset and the second offset of the multiple fields in the data packet, or indicate the first offset and the continuous length of the multiple fields in the data packet, or indicate the second offset and the continuous length of the multiple fields in the data packet. For example, if the field used to carry data includes a service data packet header and a switch quantity, the first information may indicate the first offset and the second offset of the service data packet header in the data packet, for example, the first offset of the service data packet header is 2, and the second offset is 6, indicating that the service data packet header occupies the 3rd bit to the 7th bit in the data packet. The first information may also indicate the first offset and the second offset of the switch quantity in the data packet, for example, the first offset of the switch quantity is 8, and the second offset is 12, indicating that the switch quantity occupies the 9th bit to the 13th bit in the data packet.

[0130] If the field used to carry the data packet is a continuous field in the data packet, the first information can use a simplified indication method when indicating the field. For example, the field used to carry the data packet includes two fields (or more fields, two fields are taken as an example here), and these two fields are continuous fields. Then the first information can indicate the first offset of the first field, the continuous length of the first field (or, the second offset of the first field), and the second offset of the second field (or, the continuous length of the second field), that is, because these two fields are continuous, the second field is after the first field ends, so the first information does not need to indicate the first offset of the second field (or the continuous length of the second field, etc.). For example, the field used to carry data includes a business data packet header and a switch quantity, and these two fields are continuous in the data packet. Then the first information can indicate the first offset and the second offset of the business data packet header in the data packet, for example, the first offset of the business data packet header is 2, and the second offset is 6, indicating that the business data packet header occupies the 3rd bit to the 7th bit in the data packet. The first information may also indicate a second offset of the switch quantity in the data packet. For example, the second offset of the switch quantity is 12, which indicates that the switch quantity occupies the 9th bit to the 13th bit in the data packet.

[0131] Optionally, the first information may also indicate the type of the field and / or the description information of the field. For example, if the field used to carry the data packet includes a switch quantity, the first information may indicate "switch quantity" + "first offset and second offset". In this way, the device that obtains the first information can not only clearly identify the position of the field used to carry data in the data packet, but also clearly identify what field the field is. When processing, the embodiment of the present application may also perform separate processing on the type of a certain field (or the content of the field itself), that is, only operate on the type of a certain field (or the content of the field itself).

[0132] Of course, the first information may also be indicated in other ways besides the above indication ways, and there is no specific limitation.

[0133] S402, PCF sends detection information to SMF. Correspondingly, SMF receives the detection information from PCF. The detection information may indicate a field in a data packet used to carry data. Figure 2A or Figure 2B In the LBO roaming scenario shown in FIG. 1 , the SMF is, for example, an SMF in a VPLMN; or, if the embodiment of the present application is applied to Figure 3A or Figure 3B In the HR roaming scenario shown, the SMF is, for example, the SMF in the HPLMN.

[0134] The detection information and the first information may be, for example, the same piece of information, or the detection information and the first information may also be different, for example, the PCF determines the detection information based on the first information. For example, during the establishment of a PDU session, or after the PDU session is established, the PCF may send the detection information to the SMF. For example, the PCF may send the detection information through a policy control and charging (PCC) rule to indicate the field used to carry data in the data packet of the service data flow corresponding to the PCC rule; or, the PCF may also send the detection information through PDU session related policy information to indicate the field used to carry data in the data packet of the PDU session. The PDU session is, for example, a PDU session corresponding to a data packet having a first format, and the first format is the format indicated by the detection information.

[0135] Optionally, in addition to indicating the fields in the data packet used to carry data, the detection information may also include a detection indication, and the detection indication may indicate that the fields in the data packet used to carry data are to be detected. Alternatively, the detection information may not include a detection indication. For the receiving end (such as SMF), after receiving the detection information, it can be clear that the fields in the data packet used to carry data are to be detected. Alternatively, if the entire data packet needs to be detected, the PCF may also only send a detection indication without sending the detection information. For the receiving end (such as SMF), after receiving the detection indication, it can be clear that all fields of the data packet are to be detected.

[0136] S403, SMF sends the detection information to UPF. Correspondingly, UPF receives the detection information from SMF. Figure 2A or Figure 2B In the LBO roaming scenario shown in FIG. 1 , the UPF is, for example, a UPF in a VPLMN; or, if the embodiment of the present application is applied to Figure 3A or Figure 3B In the HR roaming scenario shown, the UPF is, for example, the UPF in the HPLMN.

[0137] For example, the SMF may send a packet detection rule (PDR) to the UPF, and the PDR may include the detection information. For another example, the SMF may send a quality of service enforcement rule (QER) to the UPF, and the QER may include the detection information. Alternatively, the SMF may also send the detection information to the UPF through other messages.

[0138] UPF can determine the QoS flow mapped to the data packet according to the PDR. For example, the PDR may include packet detection information (PDI), and the PDI includes one or more of the source interface information, the local full qualified tunnel endpoint ID (local F-TEDI), the UE IP address (UE IP address), or the packet filter (packet filter) and other information. The header of the data packet may include an IP header or an Ethernet header. UPF compares the header of the data packet with the information included in the PDI. If the two are consistent, the data packet is applicable to the PDR, otherwise the data packet is not applicable to the PDR. The IP header of a data packet may include an IP quintuple, such as the source IP address of the data packet (i.e., the IP address of the device sending the data packet), the source port number, the destination IP address (i.e., the IP address of the device receiving the data packet), the destination port number, and the protocol used (user datagram protocol (UDP) or TCP), etc. The Ethernet header of a data packet may include information such as the source / destination media access control (MAC) address and Ethernet type of the data packet.

[0139] In addition, the PDR may also include the ID of the QER, thereby indexing the corresponding QER. The QER may include the identifier of the QoS flow, such as the QoS flow identifier (QFI). In other words, the data packets applicable to the PDR will be mapped by the UPF to the QoS flow transmission corresponding to the QoS flow identifier included in the QER.

[0140] In implementation, SMF can make a QoS flow transmit only one type of service data flow (for example, SMF binds the corresponding PCC rules to a separate QoS flow) to reduce complexity. For example, the access network equipment can operate on the QoS flow granularity.

[0141] S404: UPF receives data packet a. For example, data packet a is a downlink data packet, and data packet a may come from an application server ( Figure 4 Taking this as an example), the application server provides a first application, and the first application is an application corresponding to data packet a. Alternatively, the first application provides a first service, and data packet a corresponds to the first service. The first application (or, the first service) corresponds to the PDU session, and data packet a is a data packet having a first format.

[0142] S405. UPF determines whether the content of data packet a is the same as the content of data packet b. Alternatively, UPF determines whether the content of data packet a is different from the content of data packet b. Data packet b is, for example, the data packet most recently sent by UPF in the PDU session / QoS flow / service data flow, or the data packet of the PDU session / QoS flow / service data flow sent by UPF last time (or before), and data packet b also corresponds to the first application (or corresponds to the first service).

[0143] Since UPF has received the detection information, UPF can detect the field used to carry data in data packet a to determine whether the content of data packet a is the same as the content of data packet b, or determine whether the content of data packet a is different from the content of data packet b. If UPF determines that the value of the field used to carry data in data packet a is the same as the value of the field used to carry data in data packet b, it indicates that the content of data packet a is the same as the content of data packet b, and if UPF determines that the value of the field used to carry data in data packet a is different from the value of the field used to carry data in data packet b, it indicates that the content of data packet a is different from the content of data packet b. If the field used to carry data includes one field, UPF only needs to determine whether the value of the field in the two data packets is the same; if the field used to carry data includes multiple fields, the contents of these multiple fields need to be the same before the values ​​of the fields used to carry data packets are considered to be the same. The value of a field can also be understood as the content of the field, or as the state of the field. For example, if a field occupies 3 bits, then "000", "001", etc. are all values ​​of the field.

[0144] UPF wants to determine whether the value of the field used to carry data in data packet a is the same as the value of the field used to carry data in data packet b, or determine whether the value of the field used to carry data in data packet a is different from the value of the field used to carry data in data packet b. One optional method is that UPF performs an XOR operation on the value of the field used to carry data in data packet a and the value of the field used to carry data in data packet b. If the result of the XOR operation is 1, it indicates that the value of the field used to carry data in data packet a is different from the value of the field used to carry data in data packet b. If the result of the XOR operation is 0, it indicates that the value of the field used to carry data in data packet a is the same as the value of the field used to carry data in data packet b. Alternatively, UPF can also determine whether the values ​​of the fields used to carry data in two data packets are the same by other methods, such as using an XOR operation.

[0145] It should be noted that if the field used to carry the data packet includes a business data packet header, and the business data packet header includes the sequence number of the data packet, even if the data packets carry the same data, the corresponding sequence numbers are generally different. Therefore, if the field used to carry the data includes a business data packet header, the UPF does not have to require the same sequence number included in the business data packet header during detection. For example, the field used to carry the data includes a business data packet header. For data packet a and data packet b, except for the sequence number included in the business data packet header, the other contents included in the field used to carry the data are the same, then the content of data packet a is considered to be the same as the content of data packet b. In this case, although the values ​​of the fields used to carry the data in the two data packets may not be exactly the same (because the sequence numbers in the business data packet header are different), since the sequence numbers are not within the comparison range, it can be approximately considered that the values ​​of the fields used to carry the data in the two data packets are the same. For example, if the UPF uses an XOR operation to determine whether the values ​​of the fields used to carry the data in the two data packets are the same, then the sequence number in the business data packet header may not be involved in the operation.

[0146] If the value of the field used to carry data in data packet a is different from the value of the field used to carry data in data packet b, it is not necessary to perform subsequent steps. For example, UPF can send data packet a normally. For example, UPF sends data packet a to the access network device, and the access network device then sends data packet a to the UE. Alternatively, UPF can add a non-repetitive mark to data packet a, and then send data packet a with the non-repetitive mark to the access network device. The access network device determines that the content of data packet a is not repeated with the content of the previous data packet based on the non-repetitive mark, and then the access network device can send data packet a to the UE normally. Alternatively, if UPF and the access network device can also communicate through the service-based interface, then UPF does not need to add a non-repetitive mark to data packet a, but sends notification information to the access network device through the service-based interface, and the notification information can indicate that data packet a is a non-repetitive data packet, or indicates that the content of data packet a is different from the content of data packet b. The access network device determines that the content of data packet a is not repeated with the content of the previous data packet based on the notification information, and then the access network device can send data packet a to the UE normally.

[0147] Alternatively, if the value of the field used to carry data in data packet a is the same as the value of the field used to carry data in data packet b, S406 may continue to be executed.

[0148] It should be noted that if data packet a is the first data packet of the first service, there is no previous data packet for data packet a, so UPF does not need to execute S405. In this case, UPF can treat data packet a as a case where the content is not repeated with the previous data packet, and the processing method can refer to the above.

[0149] S406: UPF adds a duplicate marker to data packet a. In other words, UPF adds a duplicate marker to data packet a.

[0150] Alternatively, if the UPF and the access network device can also communicate through the service-based interface, then the UPF does not need to add a duplicate mark in data packet a, but instead sends a notification message to the access network device through the service-based interface, and the notification message may indicate that data packet a is a duplicate data packet, or indicate that the content of data packet a is the same as the content of data packet b. Alternatively, the UPF may also send the notification message to the SMF, and the SMF then sends the notification message to the access network device. Optionally, the UPF may also inform the access network device of the fields of the repeated content (for example, the fields used to carry data) (the notification method may refer to the previous content), or the access network device may also obtain detection content from the SMF, and the detection content may, for example, include fields used to carry data.

[0151] Since the general packet radioservice tunneling protocol or air interface protocol is used for transmission inside the 5G system, the offset of the data packet outside the 5G system may be different. Optionally, in various embodiments of the present application, the PCF or SMF or access network device can maintain a mapping relationship, which includes, for example, a mapping relationship between the positions of fields, such as a mapping relationship between the field positions of the data packet inside the 5G system and the field positions of the data packet outside the 5G system, so that the access network device can also clearly identify the fields that carry the data, so that some special processing can be performed, such as the access network device can generate a compressed data packet in subsequent steps.

[0152] In various embodiments of the present application, a data packet is a repeated data packet, which means that the content of the data packet is the same as that of the data packet sent last time; similarly, a data packet is a non-repeated data packet, which means that the content of the data packet is different from that of the data packet sent last time.

[0153] Alternatively, if UPF chooses to add a non-duplicate tag to a non-duplicate data packet (see the introduction of S405), then UPF may not add a duplicate tag to the duplicate data packet. For the access network device, upon receiving a data packet without a tag, it can be determined that the data packet is a duplicate data packet. In this case, S406 may not be executed.

[0154] S407: UPF sends data packet a with a duplicate marker added to the access network device. Correspondingly, the access network device receives data packet a with a duplicate marker added from UPF.

[0155] Alternatively, if UPF does not add a duplicate mark to data packet a, but sends notification information to the access network device through the service-based interface, then S407 can be replaced by: UPF sends data packet a to the access network device (data packet a does not add a duplicate mark), and accordingly, the access network device receives data packet a from UPF. Alternatively, if UPF has sent notification information, UPF may not send data packet a, and the access network device can process it according to the notification information.

[0156] Alternatively, if UPF adds a non-duplicate mark to non-duplicate data packets and does not add a mark to duplicate data packets, S407 can be replaced by: UPF sends data packet a (data packet a is not marked with a duplicate mark) to the access network device, and accordingly, the access network device receives data packet a from UPF.

[0157] S408: The access network device determines that the content of data packet a is the same as the content of data packet b.

[0158] The access network device can determine that data packet a is a duplicate data packet based on the duplicate mark; or, if the UPF adds a non-duplicate mark to non-duplicate data packets and does not add a mark to duplicate data packets, the access network device determines that data packet a is not marked, and can determine that data packet a is a duplicate data packet.

[0159] S409: The access network device sends duplicate indication information to the UE. Correspondingly, the UE receives duplicate indication information from the access network device.

[0160] For repeated data packets, the access network device may send a repetition indication message to the UE, and the repetition indication message may indicate that data packet a is a repeated data packet. For example, the repetition indication message may be included in the first signaling, and the first signaling is, for example, the signaling of the access stratum (AS) layer. That is, the access network device may send the first signaling to the UE instead of sending data packet a. The first signaling has a smaller amount of information than data packet a, thereby reducing the transmission overhead and improving the system capacity. For another example, the repetition indication message may also be a compressed data packet, for example, the compressed data packet is obtained by compressing data packet a, or the compressed data packet may also be obtained by compressing other data packets. For example, a method of compressing a data packet (for the convenience of description, for example, referred to as data packet 1, data packet 1 is, for example, data packet a, or may also be other data packets) is that the compressed data packet may only reflect that the content of one or some fields is the same as the content of these fields of data packet 1, and it may not be possible to restore all the information of data packet 1 based only on the compressed content. The receiving end (for example, UE) can restore data packet 1 based on the content of the previous data packet of data packet 1 and the above information (for example, the compressed data packet). The compressed data packet is obtained in order not to send data packet a, so the transmission overhead of the compressed data packet can be less than that of data packet a. For example, in general, when a data packet is sent, the sender of the data packet may also compress the data packet. For example, the payload part of the data packet may not be compressed, but only the header and other parts of the data packet participate in the compression, so as to avoid losing valid information due to compression. When obtaining the compressed data packet, the embodiment of the present application may adopt a compression method different from the compression method commonly used above. For example, when the embodiment of the present application compresses the original data packet to obtain the compressed data packet, the payload part of the original data packet may also be compressed, the purpose is to minimize the transmission overhead of the compressed data packet. After the UE receives the compressed data packet, according to the compression method adopted by the compressed data packet, it can determine the meaning of the compressed data packet, that is, the compressed data packet may not be a data packet that is actually used to transmit data, but is used to indicate that the data packet transmitted this time is a repeated data packet. It can be seen that by sending repetition indication information, the transmission overhead can be reduced, thereby improving the system capacity.

[0161] S410: The access network device sends data packet a in a first manner. The first manner has low transmission reliability.

[0162] Among them, S409 and S410 are two optional methods, and only one of the steps needs to be executed during implementation. Which step to execute can be determined by the access network device, or configured by the core network device (such as SMF, etc.), or specified by the protocol, etc.

[0163] That is to say, if the access network device determines that data packet a is a repeated data packet, the access network device may continue to send data packet a to the UE, but the access network device may reduce the reliability of sending data packet a. For example, one implementation form of the first method is that the access network device does not guarantee the reliability of the transmission resources called for data packet a. For example, if the access network device has available resources, it can be scheduled to data packet a, then data packet a can be sent. If there are no available resources, resources are not scheduled for data packet a, then data packet a cannot be sent. In addition, the resources scheduled by the access network device for data packet a may also be insufficient or the resources may conflict with other resources, then data packet a may be able to be sent, or may not be able to be sent. It can be seen that the access network device does not guarantee the reliability of the transmission resources called for data packet a, then data packet a may be able to be sent, or may not be able to be sent. However, in this way, the transmission overhead of data packet a can be reduced. For another example, another implementation form of the first method is that the number of repeated transmissions configured by the access network device for data packet a is less than the first threshold. The number of repeated transmissions of data packet a refers to the number of times data packet a is repeatedly sent, and repeated transmission is used to enhance the success rate of sending data packet a. In the first mode, the number of repeated transmissions of data packet a is small, resulting in low transmission reliability of data packet a, and data packet a may be sent successfully or fail to be sent. However, due to the small number of repeated transmissions, transmission resources can also be saved. The above two forms can be applied separately or in combination, or the first mode can also have other implementation forms, which are not specifically limited.

[0164] According to the above introduction, sending data packet a in the first way may use less transmission resources than sending data packet a in the normal way, which helps to improve system capacity. If the access network device uses the first way to send data packet a, then for the UE, it is possible to receive data packet a or it is possible not to receive data packet a.

[0165] S411. UE generates data packet c.

[0166] If the access network device executes S409, the UE may execute S411. Alternatively, although the access network device executes S410, the UE does not receive data packet a, the UE may also execute S411. Optionally, if the UE does not receive a data packet within a preset time range, a data packet c may be generated. For example, the data packet of the first application (or, the first service) is sent periodically, and the UE is able to learn the period of the data packet of the first application (or, the first service). The preset time range is, for example, the duration of one or more periods of the data packet of the first application (or, the first service). For example, if the UE should receive a data packet (i.e., data packet a) within a period, but does not receive it, it is deemed that the data packet has not been received. In this case, the preset time range is the duration of one period of the data packet of the first application (or, the first service).

[0167] Alternatively, if the access network device executes S410 and the UE receives data packet a, it is not necessary to execute S411.

[0168] The content of data packet c is the same as that of data packet b. The content here is the same, including the same data carried and the same sequence number. It can be considered that data packet c is a copy of data packet a, and the two are exactly the same. For the application layer of the UE (such as the application processor (AP) of the UE, or the first application (APP) installed in the UE), even if the content of the data packet is repeated, it is necessary to ensure the continuous reception of the data packet. Otherwise, if the application layer of the UE has a data packet that is not received, it may cause the connection between the UE and the sender of the data packet (such as the application server of the first application) to be disconnected. Therefore, if the UE does not receive data packet a, because the UE can determine that data packet a is a data packet that is repeated with the previous data packet, that is, the content of the unreceived data packet is the same as the content of data packet b, the UE can generate data packet c based on the content of data packet b. For example, the data carried by data packet c is the same as the data carried by data packet b, and the sequence number of data packet c can be adaptively modified according to the sequence number of data packet b. For example, the sequence number of data packet c is the value of the sequence number of data packet b plus 1, and data packet a and data packet b are two consecutive data packets, so the sequence number of data packet a is also the sequence number of data packet b plus 1. Therefore, the content of data packet c is exactly the same as that of data packet a, and data packet c is equivalent to a copy of data packet a. For the application layer of the UE, if data packet c is obtained, it is considered that data packet a has been received, and the connection between the UE and the application server can continue to be maintained.

[0169] Alternatively, the UE may not generate data packet c. For example, the transport layer of the UE (e.g., the modem of the UE) may send second information to the application layer of the UE, where the second information indicates that data packet a has been received, or indicates that the same data packet has been received. For example, the second information includes the sequence number of data packet a, or the second information may also indicate that data packet a has been received in other ways. Then, after the application layer of the UE obtains the second information, it can also determine that data packet a has been received, and the connection between the UE and the application server can continue to be maintained.

[0170] In the above introduction, it is the UPF that detects whether the data packet is repeated. Alternatively, if the access network device can also clearly identify the field in the data packet used to carry the data, the access network device can also detect whether the data packet is repeated. If the access network device detects, the detection method and other behaviors are similar to those of the UPF, except that there is no need to notify the access network device additionally after the detection. For the detection method of the access network device and other contents, please refer to the previous article and will not be elaborated.

[0171] Among them, S401 to S407 and S410 to S411 are all optional steps.

[0172] Through the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, if the content of the data packet a to be sent by the UPF is the same as the content of the data packet b sent last time, then the access network device may not send data packet a, but send a repeat indication message to the UE to indicate that data packet a is a repeated data packet through the repeat indication message, or the transmission reliability of data packet a may be reduced. In this way, the receiving UE can clearly understand the content of data packet a (which is the same as the content of data packet b received last time), and because there is no need to send data packet a, or the transmission reliability of data packet a is reduced, transmission resources can be saved, thereby improving the capacity of 5GS.

[0173] exist Figure 4 In the illustrated embodiment, the access network device determines how to process duplicate data packets (for example, by sending duplicate indication information to replace duplicate data packets, or reducing the transmission reliability of duplicate data packets).

[0174] The following describes a second communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application, in which the UPF can determine the processing method of duplicate data packets. Figure 6 , which is a flow chart of the method.

[0175] S601. PCF determines a field in a data packet used to carry data.

[0176] For more information about S601, please refer to Figure 4 S401 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0177] S602: PCF sends detection information to SMF. Correspondingly, SMF receives the detection information from PCF.

[0178] For more information about S602, please refer to Figure 4 S402 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0179] S603, SMF sends the detection information to UPF. Correspondingly, UPF receives the detection information from SMF.

[0180] For more information about S603, please refer to Figure 4 S403 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0181] S604, UPF receives data packet a.

[0182] For more information about S604, please refer to Figure 4 S404 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0183] S605: UPF determines whether the content of data packet a is the same as the content of data packet b. Alternatively, UPF determines whether the content of data packet a is different from the content of data packet b.

[0184] For more information about S605, please refer to Figure 4 S405 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0185] S606: UPF sends duplicate indication information to UE. Correspondingly, UE receives duplicate indication information from UPF.

[0186] For example, the UPF sends duplicate indication information to the access network device, and the access network device receives the duplicate indication information from the UPF. The access network device then sends the duplicate indication information to the UE, and the UE receives the duplicate indication information from the access network device. Because the duplicate indication information comes from the UPF, the access network device is equivalent to forwarding, so it can also be regarded as that the UE receives the duplicate indication information from the UPF.

[0187] In the embodiment of the present application, UPF does not need to add marks to the data packets. Instead, UPF determines how to handle duplicate data packets, which can reduce the process of UPF adding marks to data packets and simplify the processing flow of data packets on the transmission path.

[0188] For more information about S606, such as the implementation of the repeat indication information, the repeat indication information sent by the UPF can be Figure 4 The repetition indication information sent by the access network device in S409 in the embodiment shown has the same form and content, so it can be referred to as Figure 4 S409 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0189] S607: UPF sends data packet a in the second mode. The transmission reliability corresponding to the second mode is low.

[0190] Among them, S606 and S607 are two optional methods, and only one of the steps needs to be executed during implementation. Which step to execute can be determined by the UPF or stipulated by the protocol.

[0191] That is to say, if UPF determines that data packet a is a duplicate data packet, UPF can continue to send data packet a to UE, but UPF can reduce the reliability of sending data packet a. Since UPF does not directly schedule air interface resources for data packet a, for example, UPF sends a third message to the access network device, the third message indicates the second mode or indicates that data packet a is a duplicate data packet, and UPF sends data packet a to the access network device. After the access network device receives the third message, it can use the second mode to send data packet a. The second mode is similar to Figure 4 The first mode described in the embodiment shown in the figure may be the same mode, or may be different modes. For example, if the first mode and the second mode are the same mode, the content of the access network device using the second mode to send the data packet a may refer to Figure 4 S410 in the embodiment shown. Alternatively, the UPF sends the data packet a in the second manner, and there may be other implementation forms, which are not specifically limited.

[0192] S608. The UE generates a data packet c.

[0193] For more information about S608, please refer to Figure 4 S411 in the embodiment shown.

[0194] Among them, S601 to S604 and S607 to S608 are all optional steps.

[0195] Through the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, if the content of the data packet a to be sent by the UPF is the same as the content of the data packet b sent last time, then the UPF may not send data packet a, but send a repeat indication message to the UE, and indicate that data packet a is a repeated data packet through the repeat indication message, or the UPF and / or the access network device may reduce the transmission reliability of data packet a. This not only enables the receiving UE to clearly understand the content of data packet a (which is the same as the content of data packet b received last time), but also because the UPF and the access network device do not need to send data packet a, or reduce the transmission reliability of data packet a, it is possible to save transmission resources, thereby increasing the capacity of 5GS. In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the UPF determines the sending method of the repeated data packet, so the UPF does not need to add a mark to the data packet, etc., which can simplify the processing flow of the data packet on the transmission path and improve the transmission efficiency of the data packet.

[0196] Figure 4 The embodiments shown and Figure 6 The embodiments shown in the figure all introduce the process of sending downlink data packets. The following introduces a third communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application, which introduces the process of sending uplink data packets. Figure 7 , which is a flow chart of the method.

[0197] S701. PCF determines a field in a data packet used to carry data.

[0198] For more information about S701, please refer to Figure 4 S401 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0199] S702: PCF sends detection information to SMF. Correspondingly, SMF receives the detection information from PCF.

[0200] For more information about S702, please refer to Figure 4 S402 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0201] S703: The SMF sends the detection information to the UE. Correspondingly, the UE receives the detection information from the SMF.

[0202] For example, the SMF sends a QoS rule to the UE, and the detection information may be carried in the QoS rule. Alternatively, the SMF may send the detection information to the UE in other ways, for example, sending the detection information to the UE together with sending the parameters of the QoS flow to the UE.

[0203] For reference Figure 8, the QoS rule may include field a, field b, field c, field d, and field e. Among them, field a may include indication information 1, which may indicate whether the QoS rule is the default QoS rule (an indication of whether the QoS rule is the default QoS rule). Field b may include the identifier of the QoS rule, such as the QoS rule identifier (QRI) of the QoS rule. Field c may include QFI, which is the identifier of the QoS flow corresponding to the QoS rule. Field d is an optional field and may include a set of packet filters. For example, after a UE receives a data packet, it may match the IP quintuple of the data packet with the packet filter set included in field d to determine whether the data packet is applicable to the QoS rule. If the IP quintuple of the data packet successfully matches the packet filter set included in field d, the data packet may be applicable to the QoS rule, otherwise the data packet is not applicable to the QoS rule. Field e includes a precedence value, indicating the priority of the QoS rule. As an implementation method of adding detection information to the QoS rule, a first field may be added to the QoS rule. The first field is, for example, represented as field f. Field f may carry the detection information. For this, please continue to refer to Figure 8 .

[0204] S704: The UE determines whether the content of data packet a is the same as the content of data packet b. Alternatively, the UE determines whether the content of data packet a is different from the content of data packet b.

[0205] When the UE needs to send data packet a, it can determine whether the content of data packet a is the same as the content of data packet b. Since the UE has received the detection information, the UE can detect the field used to carry data in data packet a to determine whether the content of data packet a is the same as the content of data packet b. In an embodiment of the present application, data packet a and data packet b are both uplink data packets, and data packet b is, for example, the data packet most recently sent by the UE in the PDU session / QoS flow / service data flow, or the data packet in the PDU session / QoS flow / service data flow that the UE last sent, and data packet a and data packet b both correspond to the first application (or, both correspond to the first service).

[0206] The mechanism by which the UE determines whether the content of data packet a is the same as or different from the content of data packet b is the same as the mechanism by which the UPF determines whether the content of data packet a is the same as or different from the content of data packet b. Therefore, for more information about S704, please refer to Figure 4 S405 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0207] S705: The UE sends duplicate indication information to the access network device. Correspondingly, the access network device receives duplicate indication information from the UE.

[0208] The UE sends the repeated indication information to the access network device in a similar manner to the access network device sending the repeated indication information to the UE. Therefore, for more information about S705, please refer to Figure 4 S409 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0209] S706, the access network device generates data packet c. Data packet c is generated based on data packet b, for example, and the content of data packet c is the same as that of data packet a. The content is the same, including the same carried data and the same sequence number. It can be considered that data packet c is a copy of data packet a, and the two are exactly the same.

[0210] For the receiving end of data packet a (e.g., the application server of the first application), even if the content of the data packet is repeated, it is necessary to ensure continuous reception of the data packet, otherwise, if the application server fails to receive a data packet, the connection between the application server and the sending end of the data packet (e.g., UE) may be disconnected. Therefore, if the access network device does not receive data packet a, because the access network device can determine that data packet a is a data packet that repeats the previous data packet, that is, the content of data packet a is the same as the content of data packet b, the access network device can generate data packet c according to the content of data packet b. For example, the data carried by data packet c is the same as the data carried by data packet b, and the sequence number of data packet c can be adaptively modified according to the sequence number of data packet b, for example, the sequence number of data packet c is the value of the sequence number of data packet b plus 1, and data packet a and data packet b are two consecutive data packets, so the sequence number of data packet a is also the sequence number of data packet b plus 1, so the content of data packet c is exactly the same as the content of data packet a, and data packet c is equivalent to a copy of data packet a. For the application server, if data packet c is received, it is considered that data packet a is received, and the connection between the UE and the application server can continue to be maintained.

[0211] S707: The access network device sends data packet c to the UPF. Correspondingly, the UPF receives data packet c from the access network device.

[0212] After the access network device generates data packet c, it can send it to UPF. After receiving data packet c, UPF can transmit data packet c normally. For example, UPF sends data packet c to the application server. This will not be elaborated.

[0213] Among them, S701 to S703 and S706 to S707 are all optional steps.

[0214] Through the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, if the content of the data packet a to be sent by the UE is the same as the content of the data packet b sent last time, then the UE may not send data packet a, but send a repeat indication message to the access network device, and use the repeat indication message to indicate that data packet a is a repeated data packet, or it may also reduce the transmission reliability of data packet a. In this way, the receiving access network device can clearly understand the content of data packet a (which is the same as the content of data packet b received last time), and because the UE does not need to send data packet a, it can save transmission resources, thereby increasing the capacity of 5GS.

[0215] Figure 7 In the embodiment shown, the access network device constructs repeated data packets. Next, the fourth communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application is introduced. This method still introduces the uplink transmission process, but in this method, the UPF constructs repeated data packets. Fig. 9 , which is a flow chart of the method.

[0216] S901. PCF determines a field in a data packet used to carry data.

[0217] For more information about S901, please refer to Figure 4 S401 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0218] S902: PCF sends detection information to SMF. Correspondingly, SMF receives the detection information from PCF.

[0219] For more information about S902, please refer to Figure 4 S402 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0220] S903, SMF sends the detection information to UE. Correspondingly, UE receives the detection information from SMF.

[0221] For more information about S903, please refer to Figure 7 S703 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0222] S904: The UE determines whether the content of the data packet a is the same as the content of the data packet b. Alternatively, the UE determines whether the content of the data packet a is different from the content of the data packet b.

[0223] The mechanism by which the UE determines whether the content of data packet a is the same as or different from the content of data packet b is the same as the mechanism by which the UPF determines whether the content of data packet a is the same as or different from the content of data packet b. Therefore, for more information about S904, please refer to Figure 7 S704 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0224] S905: The UE sends duplicate indication information to the access network device. Correspondingly, the access network device receives duplicate indication information from the UE.

[0225] The UE sends the repeat indication information to the access network device in a similar manner to the access network device sending the repeat indication information to the UE. Therefore, for more information about S905, please refer to Figure 7 S705 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0226] S906. The access network device sends duplicate indication information to the UPF. Correspondingly, the UPF receives the duplicate indication information from the access network device. For the sake of distinction, the duplicate indication information sent by the UE to the access network device is referred to as the first duplicate indication information, and the duplicate indication information sent by the access network device to the UPF is referred to as the second duplicate indication information.

[0227] The first repetition indication information and the second repetition indication information are, for example, the same information, and the access network device may forward the repetition indication information received from the UE to the UPF. Alternatively, the first repetition indication information and the second repetition indication information are different information, for example, the second repetition indication information is obtained based on the first repetition indication information. However, the content indicated by the second repetition indication information is consistent with the content indicated by the first repetition indication information. For this, please refer to Figure 4 Description of the illustrated embodiment.

[0228] For example, if the UPF and the access network device can also communicate through the service-based interface, the access network device can send a second signaling to the UPF through the service-based interface between the UPF and the UPF, and the second signaling includes second repetition indication information. For another example, the second repetition indication information can also be a compressed data packet, for example, the compressed data packet is obtained by compressing data packet b, for example, the compressed data packet is the first repetition indication information sent by the UE to the access network device, or the compressed data packet can also be obtained by compressing other data packets, for example, the compressed data packet is not the first repetition indication information, but is obtained by the access network device according to the first repetition indication information. For the process of obtaining the compressed data packet, please refer to Figure 4 After receiving the compressed data packet, the UPF can determine the meaning of the compressed data packet according to the compression method used by the compressed data packet, that is, the compressed data packet is not a data packet that is actually used to transmit data, but is used to indicate that the data packet transmitted this time is a repeated data packet. It can be seen that by sending the repetition indication information, the transmission overhead can be reduced, thereby improving the system capacity.

[0229] S907, UPF generates data packet c. The content of data packet c is the same as that of data packet a, including the same carried data and the same sequence number. It can be considered that data packet c is a copy of data packet a, and the two are exactly the same.

[0230] After the UPF generates the data packet c, it can transmit the data packet c normally. For example, the UPF sends the data packet c to the application server, which will not be described in detail.

[0231] The way that UPF generates data packet c is similar to the way that access network equipment generates data packet c. Therefore, for more information about S907, such as how UPF generates data packet c, please refer to Figure 7 S706 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0232] Among them, S901 to S903 and S906 to S907 are all optional steps.

[0233] Through the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, if the content of the data packet a to be sent by the UE is the same as the content of the data packet b sent last time, then the UE may not send data packet a, but send a repeat indication message to the UPF through the access network device, and indicate that data packet a is a repeated data packet through the repeat indication message. This not only enables the receiving end to clearly understand the content of data packet a (which is the same as the content of data packet b received last time), but also because there is no need to send data packet a, or the transmission reliability of data packet a is reduced, transmission resources can be saved, thereby improving the capacity of 5GS. Figure 7 In the embodiment shown, the access network device constructs repeated data packets. Fig. 9 In the embodiment shown, the UPF constructs repeated data packets, that is, there is no restriction on the network element that constructs the repeated data packets, and the method is relatively flexible.

[0234] In each of the above embodiments, the transmission overhead of duplicate data packets is reduced by sending repetition indication information. In addition, the embodiments of the present application propose that the transmission overhead of duplicate data packets can also be reduced in other ways. For example, duplicate data packets and non-duplicate data packets are sent through different QoS streams. Different QoS streams have different parameters, and the occupied resources are also different, which can also reduce the transmission overhead of duplicate data packets. The fifth communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application is introduced below, and this method of reducing transmission overhead is introduced through this method. Please refer to Fig.10 , which is a flow chart of the method. Fig.10 The illustrated embodiment takes the downlink transmission process as an example.

[0235] S1001. PCF determines a field in a data packet used to carry data.

[0236] For more information about S1001, please refer to Figure 4 S401 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0237] S1002: PCF sends detection information to SMF. Correspondingly, SMF receives the detection information from PCF.

[0238] For more information about S1002, please refer to Figure 4 S402 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0239] S1003, SMF sends the detection information to UPF. Correspondingly, UPF receives the detection information from SMF.

[0240] For more information about S1003, please refer to Figure 4 S403 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0241] S1004: SMF establishes a first QoS flow and a second QoS flow. Both the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow correspond to a first session. For example, the first session is Figure 4 The PDU session described in the embodiment shown, wherein S1003 may occur before S1004, or S1003 may occur after S1004, or S1003 and S1004 may also occur simultaneously.

[0242] The first QoS flow and the second QoS flow may have at least one parameter that is different, and / or the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow may have at least one parameter that has a different value. For example, the first QoS flow may transmit a data packet whose content is different from the content of the data packet sent last time, and the second QoS flow may transmit a data packet whose content is the same as the content of the data packet sent last time. For example, the reliability of the second QoS flow is lower than that of the first QoS flow. For example, the second QoS flow is a QoS flow of non-guaranteed bit rate (non-GBR), and the first QoS flow is a QoS flow of GBR. Of course, the reliability of QoS flows is different, and the embodiment through GBR is only an example, and it can also be reflected through other parameters, such as packet error rate (PER). For example, if the PER of a QoS flow is higher, it indicates that the reliability of the QoS flow is lower, and if the PER of a QoS flow is lower, it indicates that the reliability of the QoS flow is higher.

[0243] That is to say, SMF can establish two QoS flows. For repeated data packets, they can be transmitted through the QoS flow with lower reliability, so as to minimize the transmission resources occupied by repeated data packets and improve system capacity. For non-repeated data packets, they can be transmitted through the QoS flow with higher reliability to improve the transmission success rate of these data packets.

[0244] SMF can establish the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow at the same time, or SMF can also establish a QoS flow first and temporarily not establish another QoS flow. For example, in an embodiment of the present application, SMF first establishes the second QoS flow and temporarily does not establish the first QoS flow, then the data packet of the first application (or, the first service) can be transmitted between UPF and UE through the second QoS flow. If the second QoS flow is established first, then for the first data packet of the first service, there is no previous data packet, and the data packet should be transmitted through the first QoS flow, but because only the second QoS flow is temporarily established, the data packet is transmitted through the second QoS flow. In other words, if the second QoS flow is established first, the second QoS flow can be used to transmit the first data packet of the first service, as well as data packets whose content is the same as the content of the data packet sent last time.

[0245] S1005. UPF sends the first data packet through the third QoS flow.

[0246] If the first data packet is the first data packet of the first service, the third QoS flow is, for example, the second QoS flow; or, if the SMF establishes two QoS flows at the same time in S1004, which QoS flow is used to transmit the first data packet of the first service can be pre-configured. For example, if the first data packet of the first service is pre-configured to be transmitted through the first QoS flow, then if the first data packet is the first data packet of the first service, the third QoS flow is the first QoS flow; or, if the first data packet of the first service is pre-configured to be transmitted through the second QoS flow, then if the first data packet is the first data packet of the first service, the third QoS flow is the second QoS flow.

[0247] If the first data packet is a subsequent data packet of the first service, the third QoS flow is, for example, the first QoS flow or the second QoS flow. Which QoS flow it is depends on whether the first data packet has the same content as the previous data packet of the first data packet.

[0248] S1006: UPF receives a second data packet. For example, if the second data packet is a downlink data packet, the second data packet may come from an application server ( Fig.10 Taking this as an example), the application server provides a first application, and the first application is the application corresponding to the second data packet. Alternatively, the first application provides a first service, and the second data packet corresponds to the first service. The first application (or the first service) corresponds to the PDU session, and the second data packet is a data packet having a first format.

[0249] S1007. UPF determines whether the content of the second data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet. Alternatively, UPF determines whether the content of the second data packet is different from the content of the first data packet. The first data packet is, for example, the data packet most recently sent by UPF in the PDU session / QoS flow / service data flow, or the data packet of the PDU session / QoS flow / service data flow sent by UPF last time (or before), and the first data packet also corresponds to the first application (or corresponds to the first service).

[0250] If the SMF establishes the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow in S1004, and the UPF determines that the content of the second data packet is different from the content of the first data packet, the UPF may continue to execute the following S1008 after executing S1007.

[0251] Alternatively, if the SMF establishes the second QoS flow in S1004 but does not establish the first QoS flow, then if the content of the second data packet is different from that of the first data packet, the UPF may send a first indication message to the SMF, and the first indication message may indicate that the content of the data packet is different, or the first indication message may indicate that the content of the second data packet is different from that of the first data packet; or the first indication message is used to indicate the establishment of the first QoS flow. After receiving the first indication message, the SMF may re-establish the first QoS flow according to the first indication message. After the SMF establishes the first QoS flow, it may also send a second indication message to the UPF, and the second indication message may indicate that the first QoS flow has been established. Optionally, the second indication message indicates that the first QoS flow has been established, and one indication method is that the second indication message includes the QFI of the first QoS flow. After receiving the second indication message, the UPF may continue to execute the following S1008. In the manner in which the SMF establishes the first QoS flow according to the first indication message, if there is no data packet with different content in the data packets corresponding to the first application (or, the first service), the SMF does not need to establish the first QoS flow, which can reduce the overhead caused by establishing the QoS flow and simplify the communication process.

[0252] For more information about S1007, please refer to Figure 4 S405 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0253] S1008. UPF sends the second data packet through the first QoS flow. This is an example where the content of the second data packet is different from that of the first data packet. If the content of the second data packet is the same as that of the first data packet, UPF can send the second data packet through the second QoS flow. If the reliability of the second QoS flow is low, then UPF sends the second data packet through the second QoS flow, and the UE may be able to receive the second data packet or may not be able to receive the second data packet.

[0254] S1009. UE generates a third data packet.

[0255] If the UE receives the second data packet, it is not necessary to execute S1009. If the UE does not receive the second data packet, S1009 can be executed. Optionally, if the UE does not receive a data packet within a preset time range, a third data packet can be generated. For example, the data packet of the first application (or, the first service) is sent periodically, and the UE can know the period of the data packet of the first application (or, the first service). The preset time range is, for example, the duration of one or more periods of the data packet of the first application (or, the first service). For example, if the UE should receive a data packet (i.e., the second data packet) within a period, but does not receive it, it is deemed that the data packet has not been received. In this case, the preset time range is the duration of one period of the data packet of the first application (or, the first service).

[0256] For more information about S1009, please refer to Figure 4 S411 in the embodiment shown.

[0257] Among them, S1001 to S1004, S1006 to S1007, and S1009 are all optional steps.

[0258] For example, the first service corresponds to 5 data packets, namely, data packets 1 to 5, and data packet 1 is the first data packet corresponding to the first service. Among them, the content of data packet 2 is the same as that of data packet 1, the content of data packet 3 is different from that of data packet 2, the content of data packet 4 is different from that of data packet 3, and the content of data packet 5 is different from that of data packet 4. For example, if SMF first establishes the second QoS flow, then the QoS flows corresponding to each data packet determined by UPF can refer to Table 1:

[0259] Table 1

[0260] The sequence number of the current data packet Sequence number of the previous packet QoS flow of the current packet 1 2 2 1(same content) 2 3 2(different content) 1 4 3(different content) 1 5 4(different content) 1

[0261] "Content is the same" in the second column of Table 1 means that the content of the current data packet in this row is the same as that of the previous data packet, and "content is different" means that the content of the current data packet in this row is different from that of the previous data packet. "1" in the last column indicates the QFI of the first QoS flow, and "2" indicates the QFI of the second QoS flow. For example, for data packet 1, there is no previous data packet, because SMF has temporarily only established the second QoS flow and has not established the first QoS flow, so data packet 1 is transmitted through the second QoS flow (QFI is 2). For another example, for data packet 2, the previous data packet is data packet 1, and the content of data packet 2 is the same as that of data packet 1, so data packet 2 continues to be transmitted through the second QoS flow. For another example, for data packet 3, the previous data packet is data packet 2, and the content of data packet 3 is different from that of data packet 2, then data packet 3 can be transmitted through the first QoS flow (QFI is 1). Optionally, before transmitting data packet 3 through the first QoS flow, UPF can send a first indication message to SMF, SMF establishes the first QoS flow according to the first indication message, and then UPF transmits data packet 3 through the first QoS flow. The transmission process of other data packets is also similar. That is, in this example, the first QoS flow is used to transmit data packets whose content is different from the previous data packet: data packets 3, 4 and 5; the second QoS flow is used to transmit the first data packet and data packets whose content is the same as the previous data packet: data packets 1 and 2.

[0262] Through the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, repeated data packets and non-repeated data packets can be transmitted on different QoS streams, without the need for all data packets to be transmitted through a QoS stream with higher reliability, thereby eliminating the need to consume a large amount of transmission resources for each data packet, thereby helping to improve system capacity.

[0263] Fig.10 In the embodiment shown, SMF first establishes the second QoS flow. SMF may also first establish the first QoS flow. The sixth communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application is described below. In this method, SMF may first establish a QoS flow, which is the first QoS flow. Please refer to Fig.11 , which is a flow chart of the method. Fig.11 The illustrated embodiment continues to take the downlink transmission process as an example.

[0264] S1101. PCF determines a field in a data packet used to carry data.

[0265] For more information about S1101, please refer to Figure 4 S401 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0266] S1102: PCF sends detection information to SMF. Correspondingly, SMF receives the detection information from PCF.

[0267] For more information about S1102, please refer to Figure 4 S402 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0268] S1103, SMF sends the detection information to UPF. Correspondingly, UPF receives the detection information from SMF.

[0269] For more information about S1103, please refer to Figure 4 S403 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0270] S1104: SMF establishes a first QoS flow and a second QoS flow. Both the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow correspond to a first session. For example, the first session is Figure 4 The PDU session described in the embodiment shown, wherein S1103 may occur before S1104, or S1103 may occur after S1104, or S1103 and S1104 may also occur at the same time.

[0271] The SMF may establish the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow at the same time, or the SMF may first establish a QoS flow and temporarily not establish another QoS flow. For example, in an embodiment of the present application, the SMF first establishes the first QoS flow and temporarily does not establish the second QoS flow, then the first data packet of the first application (or, the first service) may be transmitted between the UPF and the UE through the first QoS flow.

[0272] For more information about S1104, please refer to Fig.10 S1004 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0273] S1105. UPF sends the first data packet through the third QoS flow.

[0274] If the first data packet is the first data packet of the first service, the third QoS flow is, for example, the first QoS flow; or, if the SMF establishes two QoS flows at the same time in S1104, which QoS flow is used to transmit the first data packet of the first service can be pre-configured. For example, if the first data packet of the first service is pre-configured to be transmitted through the first QoS flow, then if the first data packet is the first data packet of the first service, the third QoS flow is the first QoS flow; or, if the first data packet of the first service is pre-configured to be transmitted through the second QoS flow, then if the first data packet is the first data packet of the first service, the third QoS flow is the second QoS flow.

[0275] If the first data packet is a subsequent data packet of the first service, the third QoS flow is, for example, the first QoS flow or the second QoS flow. Which QoS flow it is depends on whether the first data packet has the same content as the previous data packet of the first data packet.

[0276] S1106. UPF receives a second data packet. For example, if the second data packet is a downlink data packet, the second data packet may come from an application server, which provides a first application, and the first application is the application corresponding to the second data packet. Alternatively, the first application provides a first service, and the second data packet corresponds to the first service. The first application (or the first service) corresponds to the PDU session, for example, and the second data packet is a data packet having the first format.

[0277] S1107. UPF determines whether the content of the second data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet. Alternatively, UPF determines whether the content of the second data packet is different from the content of the first data packet. The first data packet is, for example, the data packet most recently sent by UPF in the PDU session / QoS flow / service data flow, or the data packet of the PDU session / QoS flow / service data flow sent by UPF last time (or before), and the first data packet also corresponds to the first application (or corresponds to the first service).

[0278] If the SMF establishes the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow in S1104, and the UPF determines that the content of the second data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet, the UPF may continue to execute the following S1108 after executing S1107.

[0279] Alternatively, if the SMF establishes the first QoS flow in S1104 but does not establish the second QoS flow, then if the content of the second data packet is the same as that of the first data packet, the UPF may send a first indication message to the SMF, and the first indication message may indicate that the content of the data packets is the same, or the first indication message may indicate that the content of the second data packet is the same as that of the first data packet; or the first indication message is used to indicate the establishment of the second QoS flow. After receiving the first indication message, the SMF may establish the second QoS flow according to the first indication message. After the SMF establishes the second QoS flow, it may also send a second indication message to the UPF, and the second indication message may indicate that the second QoS flow has been established. Optionally, the second indication message indicates that the second QoS flow has been established, and one indication method is that the second indication message includes the QFI of the second QoS flow. After receiving the second indication message, the UPF may continue to execute the following S1108. In the manner in which the SMF establishes the second QoS flow according to the first indication message, if there is no data packet with the same content in the data packets corresponding to the first application (or, the first service), the SMF does not need to establish the second QoS flow, which can reduce the overhead caused by establishing the QoS flow and simplify the communication process.

[0280] For more information about S1107, please refer to Figure 4 S405 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0281] S1109. UPF sends a second data packet through a second QoS flow. This is an example where the content of the second data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet. Since the reliability of the second QoS flow is low, the UPF sends the second data packet through the second QoS flow, and the UE may be able to receive the second data packet or may not be able to receive the second data packet. Alternatively, if the content of the second data packet is different from the content of the first data packet, the UPF may send the second data packet through the first QoS flow.

[0282] S1109. UE generates a third data packet.

[0283] If the UE receives the second data packet, it is not necessary to execute S1109. If the UE does not receive the second data packet, S1109 can be executed. Optionally, if the UE does not receive a data packet within a preset time range, a third data packet can be generated. For example, the data packet of the first application (or, the first service) is sent periodically, and the UE can know the period of the data packet of the first application (or, the first service). The preset time range is, for example, the duration of one or more periods of the data packet of the first application (or, the first service). For example, if the UE should receive a data packet (i.e., the second data packet) within a period, but does not receive it, it is deemed that the data packet has not been received. In this case, the preset time range is the duration of one period of the data packet of the first application (or, the first service).

[0284] For more information about S1109, please refer to Figure 4 S411 in the embodiment shown.

[0285] Among them, S1101 to S1104, S1106 to S1107, and S1109 are all optional steps.

[0286] For example, the first service corresponds to 5 data packets, namely, data packets 1 to 5, and data packet 1 is the first data packet corresponding to the first service. Among them, the content of data packet 2 is the same as that of data packet 1, the content of data packet 3 is different from that of data packet 2, the content of data packet 4 is different from that of data packet 3, and the content of data packet 5 is different from that of data packet 4. For example, if SMF first establishes the first QoS flow, then the QoS flows corresponding to each data packet determined by UPF can refer to Table 2:

[0287] Table 2

[0288] The sequence number of the current data packet Sequence number of the previous packet QoS flow of the current packet 1 1 2 1(same content) 2 3 2(different content) 1 4 3(different content) 1 5 4(different content) 1

[0289] "Content is the same" in the second column of Table 2 means that the content of the current data packet in this row is the same as that of the previous data packet, and "content is different" means that the content of the current data packet in this row is different from that of the previous data packet. "1" in the last column indicates the QFI of the first QoS flow, and "2" indicates the QFI of the second QoS flow. For example, for data packet 1, there is no previous data packet, because SMF has temporarily only established the first QoS flow and has not established the second QoS flow, so data packet 1 is transmitted through the first QoS flow (QFI is 1). For another example, for data packet 2, the previous data packet is data packet 1, and the content of data packet 2 is the same as that of data packet 1, then data packet 2 can be transmitted through the second QoS flow (QFI is 2). Optionally, before transmitting data packet 2 through the second QoS flow, UPF can send a first indication message to SMF, SMF establishes a second QoS flow according to the first indication message, and then UPF transmits data packet 2 through the second QoS flow. For another example, for data packet 3, the previous data packet is data packet 2, and the content of data packet 3 is different from that of data packet 2, so data packet 2 is transmitted through the first QoS flow. The transmission process of other data packets is also similar. That is, in this example, the first QoS flow is used for the first data packet and data packets whose transmission content is different from the previous data packet: data packets 1, 3, 4 and 5; the second QoS flow is used for transmitting data packets whose content is the same as the previous data packet: data packet 2.

[0290] Through the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, repeated data packets and non-repeated data packets can be transmitted on different QoS streams, without the need for all data packets to be transmitted through a QoS stream with higher reliability, thereby eliminating the need to consume a large amount of transmission resources for each data packet, thereby helping to improve system capacity.

[0291] Fig.10 The embodiment shown and Fig.11 The embodiments shown in the figure all introduce the downlink transmission process. The seventh communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application is introduced below, which introduces the uplink transmission process. Fig.12 , which is a flow chart of the method.

[0292] S1201. PCF determines a field in a data packet used to carry data.

[0293] For more information about S1201, please refer to Figure 4 S401 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0294] S1202: PCF sends detection information to SMF. Correspondingly, SMF receives the detection information from PCF.

[0295] For more information about S1202, please refer to Figure 4S402 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0296] S1203: The SMF sends the detection information to the UE. Correspondingly, the UE receives the detection information from the SMF.

[0297] For more information about S1203, please refer to Figure 7 S703 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0298] S1204. SMF establishes a first QoS flow and a second QoS flow.

[0299] For more information about S1204, please refer to Fig.10 S1004 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0300] S1205. The UE sends a first data packet through the third QoS flow.

[0301] If the first data packet is the first data packet of the first service, the third QoS flow is, for example, the second QoS flow; or, if the SMF establishes two QoS flows at the same time in S1204, which QoS flow is used to transmit the first data packet of the first service can be pre-configured. For example, if the first data packet of the first service is pre-configured to be transmitted through the first QoS flow, then if the first data packet is the first data packet of the first service, the third QoS flow is the first QoS flow; or, if the first data packet of the first service is pre-configured to be transmitted through the second QoS flow, then if the first data packet is the first data packet of the first service, the third QoS flow is the second QoS flow.

[0302] If the first data packet is a subsequent data packet of the first service, the third QoS flow is, for example, the first QoS flow or the second QoS flow. Which QoS flow it is depends on whether the first data packet has the same content as the previous data packet of the first data packet.

[0303] S1206: The UE determines whether the content of the second data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet. Alternatively, the UE determines whether the content of the second data packet is different from the content of the first data packet.

[0304] When the UE needs to send the second data packet, it can determine whether the content of the second data packet is the same as or different from the content of the first data packet. If the SMF establishes the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow in S1204, and the UE determines that the content of the second data packet is different from the content of the first data packet, the UE can continue to execute the following S1207 after executing S1206.

[0305] The mechanism by which the UE determines whether the content of the second data packet is the same as or different from the content of the first data packet is the same as the mechanism by which the UPF determines whether the content of data packet a is the same as or different from the content of data packet b. Therefore, for more information about S1206, please refer to Fig.10 S1006 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0306] S1207. The UE sends a second data packet through the first QoS flow. This is based on the example that the content of the second data packet is different from that of the first data packet. If the content of the second data packet is the same as that of the first data packet, the UE can send the second data packet through the second QoS flow. The reliability of the second QoS flow is low, so the UE sends the second data packet through the second QoS flow, and the access network device may be able to receive the second data packet, or may not be able to receive the second data packet. If the access network device can receive the second data packet, the access network device can send the second data packet to the UPF, and the UPF can also receive the second data packet. If the access network device cannot receive the second data packet, the UPF cannot receive the second data packet either.

[0307] S1208. UPF generates a third data packet.

[0308] If the UPF receives the second data packet, it is not necessary to execute S1208. If the UPF determines that the second data packet has not been received, S1208 can be executed. Optionally, if the UPF does not receive a data packet within a preset time range, a third data packet can be generated. For example, the data packet of the first application (or, the first service) is sent periodically, and the UE can know the period of the data packet of the first application (or, the first service). The preset time range is, for example, the duration of one or more periods of the data packet of the first application (or, the first service). For example, if the UPF should receive a data packet (i.e., the second data packet) within a period, but it is not received, it is deemed that the data packet has not been received. In this case, the preset time range is the duration of one period of the data packet of the first application (or, the first service).

[0309] The way in which the UPF generates the third data packet is similar to the way in which the UE generates the data packet c. Therefore, for more information about S1208, please refer to Figure 4 S411 in the embodiment shown.

[0310] Among them, S1201 to S1204, S1206, and S1208 are all optional steps.

[0311] Through the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, repeated data packets and non-repeated data packets can be transmitted on different QoS streams, without the need for all data packets to be transmitted through a QoS stream with higher reliability, thereby eliminating the need to consume a large amount of transmission resources for each data packet, thereby helping to improve system capacity.

[0312] The following describes an eighth communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application, which also describes the uplink transmission process. Fig.13 , which is a flow chart of the method.

[0313] S1301. PCF determines a field in a data packet used to carry data.

[0314] For more information about S1301, please refer to Figure 4 S401 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0315] S1302: PCF sends detection information to SMF. Correspondingly, SMF receives the detection information from PCF.

[0316] For more information about S1302, please refer to Figure 4 S402 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0317] S1303: The SMF sends the detection information to the UE. Correspondingly, the UE receives the detection information from the SMF.

[0318] For more information about S1303, please refer to Figure 7 S703 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0319] S1304. SMF establishes a first QoS flow and a second QoS flow.

[0320] For more information about S1304, please refer to Fig.11 S1104 in the embodiment shown.

[0321] S1305. The UE sends a first data packet through the third QoS flow.

[0322] If the first data packet is the first data packet of the first service, the third QoS flow is, for example, the first QoS flow; or, if the SMF establishes two QoS flows at the same time in S1304, which QoS flow is used to transmit the first data packet of the first service can be pre-configured. For example, if the first data packet of the first service is pre-configured to be transmitted through the first QoS flow, then if the first data packet is the first data packet of the first service, the third QoS flow is the first QoS flow; or, if the first data packet of the first service is pre-configured to be transmitted through the second QoS flow, then if the first data packet is the first data packet of the first service, the third QoS flow is the second QoS flow.

[0323] If the first data packet is a subsequent data packet of the first service, the third QoS flow is, for example, the first QoS flow or the second QoS flow. Which QoS flow it is depends on whether the first data packet has the same content as the previous data packet of the first data packet.

[0324] S1306: The UE determines whether the content of the second data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet. Alternatively, the UE determines whether the content of the second data packet is different from the content of the first data packet.

[0325] When the UE needs to send the second data packet, it can determine whether the content of the second data packet is the same as or different from the content of the first data packet. If the SMF establishes the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow in S1304, and the UE determines that the content of the second data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet, the UE can continue to execute the following S1307 after executing S1306.

[0326] The mechanism by which the UE determines whether the content of the second data packet is the same as or different from the content of the first data packet is the same as the mechanism by which the UPF determines whether the content of data packet a is the same as or different from the content of data packet b. Therefore, for more information about S1306, please refer to Fig.11 S1106 in the embodiment shown.

[0327] S1307. The UE sends a second data packet through the second QoS flow. This is an example in which the content of the second data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet. The reliability of the second QoS flow is low, so the UE sends the second data packet through the second QoS flow, and the access network device may be able to receive the second data packet, or may not be able to receive the second data packet. If the access network device is able to receive the second data packet, the access network device may send the second data packet to the UPF, and the UPF may also receive the second data packet. If the access network device cannot receive the second data packet, the UPF cannot receive the second data packet. Alternatively, if the content of the second data packet is different from the content of the first data packet, the UE may send the second data packet through the first QoS flow.

[0328] S1308. UPF generates a third data packet.

[0329] If the UPF receives the second data packet, it is not necessary to execute S1308. If the UPF determines that the second data packet has not been received, S1308 can be executed. Optionally, if the UPF does not receive a data packet within a preset time range, a third data packet can be generated. For example, the data packet of the first application (or, the first service) is sent periodically, and the UE can know the period of the data packet of the first application (or, the first service). The preset time range is, for example, the duration of one or more periods of the data packet of the first application (or, the first service). For example, if the UPF should receive a data packet (i.e., the second data packet) within a period, but it is not received, it is deemed that the data packet has not been received. In this case, the preset time range is the duration of one period of the data packet of the first application (or, the first service).

[0330] The way in which the UPF generates the third data packet is similar to the way in which the UE generates the data packet c. Therefore, for more information about S1308, please refer to Figure 4 S411 in the embodiment shown.

[0331] Among them, S1301 to S1304, S1306, and S1308 are all optional steps.

[0332] Through the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, repeated data packets and non-repeated data packets can be transmitted on different QoS streams, without the need for all data packets to be transmitted through a QoS stream with higher reliability, thereby eliminating the need to consume a large amount of transmission resources for each data packet, thereby helping to improve system capacity.

[0333] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application is given. The communication device 1400 may be Figure 4 The embodiment shown, Figure 6 The embodiment shown, Figure 7 The embodiment shown, Fig. 9 The embodiment shown to Fig.13 The terminal device or the circuit system of the terminal device described in any one of the embodiments shown in the figure is used to implement the method corresponding to the terminal device in the above method embodiment. Alternatively, the communication device 1400 may be Figure 4 The embodiment shown, Figure 6 The embodiment shown, Figure 7 The embodiment shown, Fig. 9 The embodiment shown to Fig.13 The network device or the circuit system of the network device described in any one of the embodiments shown is used to implement the method corresponding to the network device in the above method embodiment. The network device is, for example, an access network device, a UPF or an SMF, etc. For specific functions, please refer to the description in the above method embodiment. Among them, for example, a circuit system is a chip system.

[0334] The communication device 1400 includes at least one processor 1401, a communication line 1402, and at least one communication interface 1404. As an optional implementation, the communication device 1400 may further include a memory 1403. Since the memory 1403 is not a required functional module but only an optional functional module, Fig.14 Indicated by a dotted box.

[0335] The processor 1401 may include a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of the program of the present application.

[0336] The communication link 1402 may include a pathway to transmit information between the above-mentioned components.

[0337] The communication interface 1404 uses any transceiver-like device for communicating with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), wired access networks, etc.

[0338] The memory 1403 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.), a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory 1403 may exist independently and be connected to the processor 1401 via the communication line 1402. Alternatively, the memory 1403 may also be integrated with the processor 1401.

[0339] The memory 1403 is used to store computer-executable instructions for executing the solution of the present application, and the execution is controlled by the processor 1401. The processor 1401 is used to execute the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 1403, thereby realizing the communication method provided in the above embodiment of the present application.

[0340] Optionally, the computer-executable instructions in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as application code, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0341] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the processor 1401 may include one or more CPUs, such as Fig.14 CPU0 and CPU1 in.

[0342] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the communication device 1400 may include multiple processors, such as Fig.14 1401 and 1408 in the embodiment of the present invention. Each of these processors may be a single-CPU processor or a multi-CPU processor. The processor herein may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores for processing data (e.g., computer program instructions).

[0343] when Fig.14 When the device shown is a chip, for example, a chip of an access network device, or a chip of a UPF, or a chip of an SMF, or a chip of a terminal device, the chip includes a processor 1401 (and may also include a processor 1408), a communication line 1402, a memory 1403, and a communication interface 1404. Specifically, the communication interface 1404 may be an input interface, a pin, or a circuit, etc. The memory 1403 may be a register, a cache, etc. The processor 1401 and the processor 1408 may be a general-purpose CPU, a microprocessor, an ASIC, or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of a program of the communication method of any of the above embodiments.

[0344] The embodiment of the present application can divide the functional modules of the device according to the above method example. For example, each functional module can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiment of the present application is schematic and is only a logical functional division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, in the case of dividing each functional module according to each function, Fig.15 A schematic diagram of a device is shown, and the device 1500 may be an access network device, UPF, SMF or terminal device involved in the above-mentioned various method embodiments, or a chip in an access network device, a chip in an SMF, a chip in a UPF or a chip in a terminal device. The device 1500 includes a sending unit 1501, a processing unit 1502 and a receiving unit 1503.

[0345] It should be understood that the device 1500 can be used to implement the steps performed by the access network device, UPF, SMF or terminal device in the method of the embodiment of the present application. The relevant features can refer to the various embodiments above and will not be repeated here.

[0346] Optional, Fig.15 The functions / implementation processes of the sending unit 1501, the receiving unit 1503 and the processing unit 1502 can be Fig.14 The processor 1401 in the embodiment calls the computer execution instruction stored in the memory 1403 to implement. Or, Fig.15 The function / implementation process of the processing unit 1502 in Fig.14 The processor 1401 in the embodiment calls the computer execution instruction stored in the memory 1403 to implement, Fig.15 The functions / implementation processes of the sending unit 1401 and the receiving unit 1403 can be Fig.14 It is implemented by the communication interface 1404 in.

[0347] Optionally, when the device 1500 is a chip or a circuit, the functions / implementation processes of the sending unit 1501 and the receiving unit 1503 can also be implemented through pins or circuits.

[0348] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website site, computer, server or data center by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode to another website site, computer, server or data center. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated. The available medium may be a magnetic medium, (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid state disk (SSD)), etc.

[0349] The various illustrative logic units and circuits described in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or operated by a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination of the above. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor, and optionally, the general-purpose processor can also be any traditional processor, controller, microcontroller or state machine. The processor can also be implemented by a combination of computing devices, such as a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a digital signal processor core, or any other similar configuration.

[0350] The steps of the method or algorithm described in the embodiments of the present application can be directly embedded in the hardware, the software unit executed by the processor, or the combination of the two. The software unit can be stored in a RAM memory, a flash memory, a ROM memory, an EPROM memory, an EEPROM memory, a register, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM or other storage media of any form in the art. Exemplarily, the storage medium can be connected to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and can write information to the storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium can also be integrated into the processor. The processor and the storage medium can be arranged in an ASIC, and the ASIC can be arranged in a terminal device. Optionally, the processor and the storage medium can also be arranged in different components in the terminal device.

[0351] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, whereby the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more processes in the flowchart and / or one or more boxes in the block diagram.

[0352] Although the embodiments of the present application have been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments thereof, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application. Accordingly, the embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of the embodiments of the present application as defined by the appended claims, and are deemed to have covered any and all modifications, variations, combinations or equivalents within the scope of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the embodiments of the present application without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the embodiments of the present application and their equivalent technologies, the embodiments of the present application are also intended to include these changes and variations.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that: include: Determine that the content of the second data packet to be sent is the same as the content of the first data packet, and the second data packet is a subsequent data packet of the first data packet; Send repetition indication information and do not send the second data packet, the repetition indication information is used to indicate that the second data packet is a data packet that is repeated with a previous data packet, wherein the repetition indication information is included in the first signaling, or the repetition indication information is a compressed data packet, and the compressed data packet is obtained by compressing the second data packet.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining that the content of the second data packet to be sent is the same as the content of the first data packet includes: Detecting a field in the second data packet used to carry data; Determine that the value of the field used to carry data in the second data packet is the same as the value of the field used to carry data in the first data packet.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Determining that a value of a field in the second data packet used for carrying data is the same as a value of a field in the first data packet used for carrying data, comprising: An XOR operation is performed on the value of the field used to carry data in the second data packet and the value of the field used to carry data in the first data packet to obtain an operation result, wherein the operation result is 0.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Detection information is received, where the detection information is used to indicate a field in a data packet used to carry data.

5. A communication method, characterized in that: include: receiving a first data packet; receiving repetition indication information, wherein the repetition indication information is included in the first signaling, or the repetition indication information is a compressed data packet; A second data packet is generated according to the repetition indication information, wherein the content of the second data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The compressed data packet is obtained by compressing the first data packet.

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The repetition indication information is used to indicate that a data packet not received within a preset time range is a data packet that is repeated with a previous data packet.

8. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The method further comprises: The second data packet is sent.

9. A communication device, characterized in that: include: Processor and memory; The memory is used to store one or more computer programs, and the one or more computer programs include computer execution instructions. When the communication device is running, the processor executes the one or more computer programs stored in the memory, so that the communication device executes the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, or the communication device executes the method as described in any one of claims 5 to 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium is used to store a computer program, and when the computer program is executed on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, or the computer is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 5 to 8.

11. A chip system, characterized in that: The chip system comprises: A processor and an interface, wherein the processor is used to call and run instructions from the interface, and when the processor executes the instructions, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is implemented, or the method according to any one of claims 5 to 8 is implemented.

12. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product comprises a computer program, and when the computer program is run on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, or the computer is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 5 to 8.

13. A communication system, characterized in that: include: a first communication device, configured to determine that the content of a second data packet to be sent is the same as the content of the first data packet, and to send repetition indication information without sending the second data packet, wherein the second data packet is a data packet following the first data packet, and the repetition indication information is used to indicate that the second data packet is a data packet repeated with the previous data packet; The second communication device is used to receive the first data packet and the repetition indication information, and generate a third data packet according to the repetition indication information, wherein the content of the third data packet is the same as the content of the first data packet.

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