A coal mine underground drilling while drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for detecting transient electromagnetic fluoroscopy while drilling (TEMD) in underground coal mine boreholes, including a TEMD transmitter for transmitting electromagnetic signals, a TEMD receiver for receiving signals transmitted by the transmitter, a signal transmitting circuit, a signal receiving circuit, a method for arranging TEMD construction for TEMD, a TEMD detection process, and a TEMD data processing process. The present invention performs TEMD on two boreholes, and the TEMD results ensure that geological information within the entire detection area is obtained. Information in the overlapping TEMD areas can be spatially intersected and verified, reducing the impact of random interference such as underground electromagnetic interference. By performing TEMD point by point along the borehole, the development patterns of geological anomalies can be tracked and identified, achieving high-precision spatial positioning of anomalies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a device and method for detecting transient electromagnetic perspective while drilling a coal mine borehole, and is applicable to the technical field of coal mine geophysical detection. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the depletion of shallow coal resources, coal mining has gradually moved to deeper depths. However, the resulting complex geological conditions have greatly increased the difficulty of mining. In particular, hidden geological structures such as fracture development zones are major hidden dangers that cause water inrush accidents. How to accurately identify and locate these hidden geological structures is the key to safe and efficient mining in coal mines.

[0003] The main methods for detecting geological structures in coal mines are drilling and geophysical detection. Drilling is the most direct and effective method, but it has high construction costs and is only a "one-hole view". After the structure is water-conducted, its resistivity becomes significantly lower than that of the surrounding rock, showing low-resistance anomaly characteristics, which provides a detection basis for the application of geophysical methods based on resistivity differences. The mine transient electromagnetic method has the advantages of high sensitivity to low-resistance anomalies and high resolution, and is widely used in exploring coal mine geological structures and their water-rich properties. Conventional mine transient electromagnetic methods are seriously affected by metal interference such as mining machines, anchor bolts and anchor nets, and hydraulic supports because they complete transmission and reception in the tunnel. The collected secondary field data is easily distorted, which brings great difficulties to data interpretation, and the existing interference suppression methods are generally ineffective.

[0004] In response to the above difficulties, some scholars have considered improving the construction method of mine transient electromagnetic method, transmitting in mine tunnels and receiving in boreholes; completing the transmission and reception of transient electromagnetic fields while drilling in boreholes.

[0005] The Chinese invention patent with the publication number CN106970424A discloses a device and method for transient electromagnetic superposition advance detection of underground coal mine tunnels. A small wire frame placed vertically at the borehole mouth transmits a transient electromagnetic waveform, and the outer transmitting frame rotates to receive multiple components of the magnetic field with a probe in the hole. However, the device uses hole mouth transmission, which is affected by metal interference, and the mutual inductance of the coils near the hole mouth causes a detection blind spot. The tunnel space limits the size of the transmitting wire frame, and the transmission power is limited. As the distance from the receiving wire frame to the hole mouth gradually increases, the received signal becomes weaker and weaker, making it impossible to obtain geological anomaly information near the hole mouth and deep in the borehole, resulting in insufficient drilling utilization.

[0006] Chinese invention patent publication number CN10327858A discloses a multi-component transient electromagnetic method for underground coal mine boreholes. This method utilizes dual transmitting coils within the borehole to receive radial component signals in six directions, achieving both excitation and reception within the borehole. However, this device also fails to address the mutual inductance between the transmitting and receiving wireframes, making it unable to provide geological interpretation for shallow detection blind spots and unable to accurately locate geological anomalies. The working face width exceeds its limited penetration depth, resulting in no signal reception within the tunnel and inability to detect the geological conditions directly ahead.

[0007] Patent publication number CN112540415A, a Chinese invention patent, discloses a device and method for transient electromagnetic spatial perspective in underground coal mines. This device avoids interference from metal objects within the mine, addresses shallow detection blind spots, and acquires geological information within the entire transient electromagnetic detection range, providing a perspective view of the entire detection area. The device includes a transmitter and a receiver for receiving signals transmitted by the transmitter.

[0008] The main drawbacks of existing mine transient electromagnetic methods include the loss of shallow information due to blind spots, and the difficulty in accurately locating geological anomalies using current techniques. Therefore, rapidly acquiring geological information across the entire detection range, identifying geological structures, and accurately locating them is a pressing technical challenge that needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for detecting transient electromagnetic perspective while drilling in coal mines, so as to avoid interference from metal bodies in the mine, solve the blind spots of shallow detection, quickly obtain geological information within the entire transient electromagnetic detection range, and form a perspective of the entire detection area.

[0010] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0011] A transient electromagnetic perspective detection device for drilling while drilling in an underground coal mine is provided with a transmitting device while drilling and a receiving device while drilling; the transmitting device while drilling includes a signal transmitting probe and a signal transmitting circuit; the receiving device while drilling includes a signal receiving probe and a signal receiving circuit; the signal transmitting probe is provided with at least a transmitting coil winder, on which an X-direction transmitting coil and a Y-direction transmitting coil are respectively wound; the signal receiving probe is provided with at least a magnetic rod, and a receiving coil winder is provided outside the magnetic rod, and a receiving coil is spirally wound around the receiving coil winder in the axial direction.

[0012] Optionally, the transmitting coil winder is a rectangular structure; the signal transmitting probe is also provided with a signal transmitting shell, which is a cylindrical structure, and a transmitting probe plug is encapsulated at one end of the signal transmitting shell, and a transmitting probe line interface is provided on the transmitting probe plug, and the X-direction transmitting coil and the Y-direction transmitting coil are connected to the transmitting probe line interface.

[0013] Optionally, the receiving coil winder is a cylindrical structure; the signal receiving probe is also provided with a signal receiving shell, the shape of the signal receiving shell is cylindrical, a receiving coil winder is provided in the signal receiving shell, a receiving coil is wound on the receiving coil winder, and a magnetic rod is provided in the receiving coil winder; a receiving probe plug is encapsulated at the end of the signal receiving shell, a receiving probe wiring port is provided on the receiving probe plug, and the receiving coil is connected to the receiving probe wiring port.

[0014] Optionally, the signal transmission circuit controls the X-direction transmitting coil and the Y-direction transmitting coil to transmit bipolar pulse square waves. The signal transmission circuit includes at least a signal amplification unit and a signal rectification unit. The signal amplification unit amplifies the transmitted signal, and the signal rectification unit rectifies the amplified signal. Capacitor C9 is connected in parallel with the signal amplification unit. Capacitor C10 and resistor R4 are also connected in parallel with the signal amplification unit. A signal rectification unit is connected in series with diode D1 and then in parallel with the signal amplification unit.

[0015] Optionally, the signal amplification unit includes a capacitor C1 connected to the input end, a transistor Q1 connected in parallel with the capacitor C1 through the base terminal and the collector terminal, and a capacitor C3 connected in parallel with the collector and emitter of the transistor; a transistor Q2 connected in series with the emitter of the transistor Q1 through the collector, a capacitor C4 connected in parallel with the collector and emitter of the transistor Q2, a capacitor C2 connected to the capacitor C1, and the capacitor C2 connected to the emitter of the transistor Q2; a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6 and a resistor R3 are arranged in series on the line 1 arranged in parallel with the transistor Q1 and the transistor Q2, a transistor Q3 and a transistor Q4 are arranged in series on the line 2 arranged in parallel, and a base terminal of the transistor Q1 and the base terminal of the transistor Q3 are connected in series. Resistors R1 and R2 are set, capacitor C7 is connected in parallel between the collector and emitter of transistor Q3, and capacitor C9 is connected in parallel between the collector and base terminals; capacitor C8 is connected in parallel between the collector and emitter of transistor Q4, and capacitor C10 and resistor R4 are set in series on the parallel circuit of the collector and base terminals; the circuit composed of transistor Q1 and capacitor C3 functions to amplify the current flowing through capacitor C1; the circuit composed of transistor Q2 and capacitor C4 functions to amplify the current flowing through capacitor C2; the circuit composed of transistor Q3 and capacitor C7 functions to amplify the current flowing through capacitor C5; the circuit composed of transistor Q4 and capacitor C8 functions to amplify the current flowing through resistor R2.

[0016] Optionally, the signal rectification unit includes a line one connected in parallel with capacitor C9, capacitor C10 and resistor R4, capacitor C11 and resistor R5 are arranged in series on line one; a line two connected in parallel, capacitor C12 and transistor Q5 are arranged in series on line two, capacitor C14 is arranged in parallel between the collector and emitter of transistor Q5, diode D2 is connected in series between line one and line two, the function of diode D2 is to rectify, so that the current in the circuit flows from capacitor C12 to capacitor C11; the function of the circuit composed of transistor Q5 and capacitor C14 is to amplify the current flowing through capacitor C12; a line three connected in parallel, capacitor C13 and resistor R7 are arranged in series on line three, and resistor R6 is connected in series between line three and line two; a line four connected in parallel, resistor R8 and capacitor C15 are arranged in series on line four, and capacitor C15 corresponds to the output end; the function of diode D1 is to rectify, so that the current in the circuit flows from resistor R8 to capacitor C9.

[0017] Optionally, the signal receiving circuit converts the electromagnetic wave received by the receiving coil 21 into a current signal for storage; the signal receiving circuit includes a primary signal amplification unit and a secondary signal amplification unit connected in series; the primary signal amplification unit is provided with an operational amplifier U1 to perform a primary amplification on the received signal; the secondary signal amplification unit is provided with an operational amplifier U2 to perform a secondary amplification on the signal after the primary amplification; specifically comprising: a resistor R1 and a capacitor C2 are provided in series on a branch connected to the power supply Vcc, and the capacitor C2 is connected to the input end; a capacitor C1 is provided in parallel with the resistor R1; a resistor R2 is provided on another branch of the power supply Vcc, the second end of the resistor R2 is connected to one end of the capacitor C4, and the second end of the capacitor C4 is connected to the negative output electrode A- of the operational amplifier U1; the second end of the resistor R3 is connected to one end of the resistor R4, the second end of the resistor R4 is connected to the capacitor C3, and the second end of the capacitor C3 is grounded; one end of the resistor R4 is connected to the positive output electrode A+ of the operational amplifier U1, one end of the capacitor C4 is connected to one end of the resistor R5, the second end of the resistor R5 is connected to one end of the capacitor C5, and the output electrode U1 of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the ground. 1out After merging with the second end of capacitor C5, it is connected to one end of resistor R6. The other two ends of operational amplifier U1 are respectively connected to the power supply; the second end of resistor R6 is connected to one end of capacitor C6, the second end of capacitor C6 is connected to the negative output electrode B- of operational amplifier U2, and the positive output electrode B+ of operational amplifier U2 is grounded; one end of capacitor C6 is connected to one end of resistor R7, the second end of resistor R7 is connected to capacitor C7, and the output electrode U of operational amplifier U2 is connected to ground. 2out The two terminals of the operational amplifier U2 are connected to the power supply respectively after being combined with the second terminal of the capacitor C7.

[0018] A method for arranging a construction of a drilling-while-drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection device, wherein the drilling-while-drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection device is any of the drilling-while-drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection devices described in the present invention;

[0019] include:

[0020] Step 1: A first borehole and a second borehole are provided in the rock formation of the coal mine, and signal transmitting points and signal receiving points are evenly provided at intervals of one meter in the first borehole and the second borehole;

[0021] Step 2: Send the transmitter while drilling into the first borehole, keep the tool face angle in the transmitter while drilling unchanged, and send a signal at each signal transmission point in the first borehole in sequence;

[0022] Step 3: Send the drilling receiver into the second borehole, and the drilling receiver completes signal reception at the signal receiving point in the second borehole;

[0023] Step 4: The while-drilling transmitting device and the while-drilling receiving device advance point by point until all signal transmitting points in the first borehole complete signal transmission and all signal receiving points in the second borehole complete signal reception, thereby locating the spatial position of the abnormal body around the second borehole;

[0024] Step 5: An abnormal space intersection is performed through the relative signal transmitting point and signal receiving point between the first borehole and the second borehole to locate and verify the spatial position of the abnormal body in the working surface.

[0025] A method for detecting a borehole while drilling by transient electromagnetic perspective detection is provided, wherein the method is performed using the apparatus for detecting a borehole while drilling by transient electromagnetic perspective detection according to the present invention, and comprises:

[0026] Step 1: The drilling while drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection device includes a connected drilling while drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection host, a drilling while drilling transmitter and a drilling while drilling receiver, and then performs data simulation acquisition to check the data quality. The probe is tested to see if it is normal through the simulated measured data quality; the signal transmitting probe and the signal receiving probe clock are calibrated and synchronized;

[0027] Step 2: After the signal transmitting circuit provides a transmitting signal, the signal transmitting probe will generate an electromagnetic field signal according to the law of electromagnetic induction. The X-direction transmitting coil and the Y-direction transmitting coil will simultaneously generate an electromagnetic field signal in the mutually perpendicular X and Y directions.

[0028] Step 3: The signal receiving probe receives the primary electromagnetic field signal from the signal transmitting probe, which is then transmitted through the formation to generate the secondary electromagnetic signal. The secondary electromagnetic signal received by the signal receiving probe is transmitted to the signal receiving circuit for signal amplification processing.

[0029] Step 4: Check the quality of the received electromagnetic field signal data, extract the electromagnetic characteristics of the formation medium, and extract and save the detection data.

[0030] A method for processing borehole transient electromagnetic perspective data while drilling, which processes detection data obtained by the borehole transient electromagnetic perspective detection method of the present invention, comprises:

[0031] Step 1: Sorting out transient data and trajectory data: Transient data sorting includes deleting erroneous data, removing interfering data, and performing wavelet transform filtering. Transient data wavelet transform uses wavelet transform to smoothly process transient data. Trajectory data signal sorting includes deleting erroneous data, removing interfering data, and correcting them. Trajectory data signal correction corrects the trajectory data according to the offset rule to ensure that the drilling trajectory data is stable and smooth. The correction method is to subtract the primary field signal of the transmitting signal from the secondary field signal of the transient receiving data.

[0032] Step 2: Numerical calculation: trajectory coordinate calculation, calculate the trajectory extension azimuth of the borehole according to the measured borehole inclination and azimuth; resistivity data correction, correct the apparent resistivity value of the borehole transient measurement according to the true resistivity of the formation; apparent resistivity calculation, calculate the apparent resistivity value of the borehole transient; apparent depth calculation, calculate the longitudinal apparent depth value of the borehole transient; transient data spatial coordinate calculation, calculate the spatial coordinate data of the transient electromagnetic data;

[0033] Step 3: Data fusion: Fusion of transient data spatial coordinates and trajectory coordinates, fusion of transient data spatial coordinates and borehole trajectory measurement coordinates; drawing of a three-dimensional map of apparent resistivity of the borehole transient electromagnetic perspective detection;

[0034] Step 4: Data output: Determine whether the calculation requirements are met. If so, comprehensively analyze the interpretation results of the while-drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection. If not, return to step 2 for recalculation.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0036] This method uses fluoroscopy to analyze two boreholes. The results guarantee geological information for the entire detection area, allowing for spatial integration and verification of information from overlapping fluoroscopy areas, reducing the impact of random interference, such as electromagnetic interference, downhole. By performing fluoroscopy point by point along the borehole, the development patterns of geological anomalies can be tracked and identified, achieving high-precision spatial localization of anomalies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following detailed description, they are used to explain the present disclosure but do not constitute a limitation of the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings:

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the signal transmitting probe structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the signal receiving probe structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the signal transmission circuit of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a signal receiving circuit of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a transient electromagnetic perspective construction layout diagram of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a flow chart of transient electromagnetic perspective detection of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 This is a flow chart of transient electromagnetic perspective data processing of the present invention;

[0045] The symbols in the figure represent:

[0046] 1-Signal transmitting probe, 11-X direction transmitting coil, 12-Y direction transmitting coil, 13-Transmitting coil winder, 14-Signal transmitting housing, 15-Transmitting probe plug, 16-Transmitting probe connection port;

[0047] 2- signal receiving probe, 21- receiving coil, 22- receiving coil winder, 23- magnetic rod, 24- signal receiving housing, 25- receiving probe plug, 26- receiving probe connection port;

[0048] 3-first borehole, 31-signal transmitting point, 4-second borehole, 41-signal receiving point, 5-geological anomaly position, 6-transmitted signal propagation trajectory. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0050] The present invention provides a transient electromagnetic radioscopy detection device for underground coal mine boreholes. The device comprises a transmitter and a receiver, the latter used to receive signals transmitted by the transmitter. The device performs radioscopy on two boreholes, ensuring that geological information is captured throughout the entire detection area. Information from the overlapping radioscopy areas can be spatially intersected and verified, reducing the impact of random interference from underground electromagnetic sources. By performing radioscopy point by point along the boreholes, the development patterns of geological anomalies can be tracked and identified, achieving high-precision spatial localization of anomalies. The device not only avoids interference from metal objects within the mine but also suppresses random interference. Most importantly, the device addresses the impact of abnormal responses in non-radioscopic directions on anomaly localization, achieving radioscopy of the entire transient electromagnetic detection area, enabling the tracking, identification, and high-precision localization of geological anomalies. Transmission and reception within the two boreholes avoids the influence of mutual inductance between the transmitter and receiver, thereby improving borehole utilization. This method can also be applied to tunneling projects in railway and highway tunnels, demonstrating its high practicality.

[0051] The present invention provides a transient electromagnetic perspective detection device for drilling while drilling in underground coal mines, comprising: a transient electromagnetic perspective detection host for drilling while drilling, a drilling while drilling transmitting device in the borehole for transmitting electromagnetic signals, and a drilling while drilling receiving device for receiving signals sent by the drilling while drilling transmitting device, wherein the drilling while drilling transmitting device comprises a signal transmitting probe 1 and a signal transmitting circuit; and the drilling while drilling receiving device comprises a signal receiving probe 2 and a signal receiving circuit.

[0052] The transient electromagnetic perspective detection host while drilling includes a switch button, a USB port, a charging port, up, down, left, right, acquisition, gear, confirmation, cancel and other buttons, a display screen, a transmitter interface, a receiver interface, etc.

[0053] The structure of the signal transmitting probe 1 is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, a signal transmitting shell 14 is provided. The shape of the signal transmitting shell is "I"-shaped. The signal transmitting shell is provided with a transmitting coil winder 13. An X-direction transmitting coil 11 is wound on the transmitting coil winder 13 along the X-axis direction, and a Y-direction transmitting coil 12 is wound along the Y-axis direction. A transmitting probe plug 15 is encapsulated at the end of the signal transmitting shell 14. A transmitting probe line interface 16 is provided on the transmitting probe plug 15 for plugging in the signal transmitting circuit. The X-direction transmitting coil 11 and the Y-direction transmitting coil 12 are connected to the transmitting probe line interface 16.

[0054] Signal transmitting circuit, such as Figure 3As shown, the circuit is used to transmit a bipolar pulse square wave. The signal transmission circuit includes at least a signal amplification unit and a signal rectification unit. The signal amplification unit amplifies the transmitted signal, and the signal rectification unit rectifies the amplified signal. Capacitor C9 is connected in parallel with the signal amplification unit, and capacitor C10 and resistor R4 are connected in parallel with the signal amplification unit. The signal rectification unit is connected in series with diode D1 and then in parallel with the signal amplification unit.

[0055] The signal amplification unit includes a capacitor C1 connected to the input end, a transistor Q1 connected in parallel with the capacitor C1 through the base terminal and the collector terminal, and a capacitor C3 connected in parallel with the collector and emitter of the transistor; a transistor Q2 connected in series with the emitter of the transistor Q1 through the collector, a capacitor C4 connected in parallel with the collector and emitter of the transistor Q2, a capacitor C2 connected to the capacitor C1, and a capacitor C2 connected to the emitter of the transistor Q2; a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6 and a resistor R3 are arranged in series on the line 1 arranged in parallel with the transistor Q1 and the transistor Q2, a transistor Q3 and a transistor Q4 are arranged in series on the line 2 arranged in parallel, and a capacitor C6 is arranged in series with the base terminal of the transistor Q1 and the base terminal of the transistor Q3. Resistor R1 and resistor R2, capacitor C7 connected in parallel between the collector and emitter of transistor Q3, and capacitor C9 connected in parallel between the collector and base terminals; capacitor C8 connected in parallel between the collector and emitter of transistor Q4, and capacitor C10 and resistor R4 connected in series in the parallel circuit between the collector and base terminals; the circuit formed by transistor Q1 and capacitor C3 functions to amplify the current flowing through capacitor C1; the circuit formed by transistor Q2 and capacitor C4 functions to amplify the current flowing through capacitor C2; the circuit formed by transistor Q3 and capacitor C7 functions to amplify the current flowing through capacitor C5; and the circuit formed by transistor Q4 and capacitor C8 functions to amplify the current flowing through resistor R2;

[0056] The signal rectification unit includes a line 1 connected in parallel with capacitors C9, C10, and R4, with capacitors C11 and R5 connected in series on line 1; a line 2 connected in parallel with capacitors C12 and transistor Q5 connected in series on line 2, with capacitor C14 connected in parallel between the collector and emitter of transistor Q5; a diode D2 connected in series between line 1 and line 2, and the function of diode D2 is to rectify the current in the circuit from capacitor C12 to capacitor C11; the function of the circuit composed of transistor Q5 and capacitor C14 is to amplify the current flowing through capacitor C12; a line 3 connected in parallel with capacitors C13 and R7 connected in series on line 3, and a resistor R6 connected in series between line 3 and line 2; a line 4 connected in parallel with resistor R8 and capacitor C15 connected in series on line 4, with capacitor C15 corresponding to the output terminal; the function of diode D1 is to rectify the current in the circuit from resistor R8 to capacitor C9.

[0057] The structure of the signal receiving probe 2 is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, a signal receiving shell 24 is provided, and the shape of the signal receiving shell 24 is "I"-shaped. A receiving coil winder 22 is provided in the signal receiving shell 24, and a receiving coil 21 is wound on the receiving coil winder 22. A magnetic rod 23 is provided in the receiving coil winder 22, and the material of the magnetic rod 23 is a high magnetic permeability ferrite core material; a receiving probe plug 25 is encapsulated at the end of the signal receiving shell 24, and a receiving probe wiring port 26 is provided on the receiving probe plug 25 for plugging in the signal receiving circuit, and the receiving coil 21 is connected to the receiving probe wiring port 26.

[0058] Signal receiving circuit, such as Figure 4 As shown, the function of the signal receiving circuit is to receive secondary field electromagnetic waves. The signal receiving circuit includes a primary signal amplification unit and a secondary signal amplification unit connected in series. The primary signal amplification unit is provided with an operational amplifier U1 to perform a primary amplification on the received signal. The secondary signal amplification unit is provided with an operational amplifier U2 to perform a secondary amplification on the signal after the primary amplification.

[0059] Specifically, a resistor R1 and a capacitor C2 are set in series on a branch connected to the power supply Vcc, and the capacitor C2 is connected to the input end; a capacitor C1 is set in parallel with the resistor R1; a resistor R2 is set on another branch of the power supply Vcc, the second end of the resistor R2 is connected to one end of the capacitor C4, and the second end of the capacitor C4 is connected to the negative output electrode A- of the operational amplifier U1; the second end of the resistor R3 is connected to one end of the resistor R4, the second end of the resistor R4 is connected to the capacitor C3, and the second end of the capacitor C3 is grounded; one end of the resistor R4 is connected to the positive output electrode A+ of the operational amplifier U1, one end of the capacitor C4 is connected to one end of the resistor R5, the second end of the resistor R5 is connected to one end of the capacitor C5, and the output electrode U1 of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the ground. 1out After merging with the second end of capacitor C5, it is connected to one end of resistor R6. The other two ends of operational amplifier U1 are connected to the power supply, +5V and -5V respectively; the second end of resistor R6 is connected to one end of capacitor C6, the second end of capacitor C6 is connected to the negative output electrode B- of operational amplifier U2, and the positive output electrode B+ of operational amplifier U2 is grounded; one end of capacitor C6 is connected to one end of resistor R7, the second end of resistor R7 is connected to capacitor C7, and the output electrode U of operational amplifier U2 is connected to ground. 2out After being combined with the second end of capacitor C7, it is connected to the output end, and the other two ends of the operational amplifier U2 are connected to the power supply, +5V and -5V respectively.

[0060] The drilling while drilling transient electromagnetic perspective construction layout method of the present invention is as follows: Figure 5 The specific steps are as follows:

[0061] Step 1: A first borehole 3 and a second borehole 4 are provided in the rock formation underground in the coal mine, and detection points corresponding to the positions are evenly set at intervals of one meter in the first borehole 3 and the second borehole 4, such as the signal transmitting point 31 and the signal receiving point 41 shown in the figure; the test points in the first borehole 3 and the second borehole 4 are numbered in sequence starting from the time of entering the borehole, and the distance between the transmitting point and the receiving point in the same borehole is fixed at a one-meter point spacing. The test point for transmitting the signal is the signal transmitting point 31, and the test point for receiving the signal is the signal receiving point 41;

[0062] Step 2: Send the launcher while drilling into the first borehole 3, keep the tool face angle in the launcher unchanged, and send a signal at each test point in the first borehole 3 in sequence;

[0063] Step 3: Send the drilling receiver into the second borehole 4, and the drilling receiver completes reception in the second borehole 4 at a position corresponding to the test point where the drilling transmitter sends the signal;

[0064] The first transmitting point in the transmitting device in the first borehole 3 sends a signal, and the magnetic core probe in the second borehole 4 receives the signal at the first receiving point; after completing the work at the first transmitting point, the while-drilling transmitting device moves to the second point to transmit the signal, and the while-drilling receiving device moves to the second receiving point to receive the signal.

[0065] Step 4: The while-drilling transmitter and the while-drilling receiver advance point by point until all test points in the first borehole 3 have completed transmission and all corresponding positions in the second borehole 4 have completed reception, thereby locating the spatial position of the abnormal body around the second borehole 4;

[0066] Step 5: Anomaly spatial intersection is performed through the relative transmitting point and receiving point between the first borehole 3 and the second borehole 4 to locate and verify the spatial position of the anomaly in the working surface;

[0067] Step 6: By analyzing the spatial position of the anomaly located at different emission points, the development of the anomaly along the drilling direction is tracked and identified, thereby achieving accurate spatial perspective positioning of the geological anomaly in the coal seam.

[0068] like Figure 5 As shown, the dotted circular frame represents the effective detection area when transmitting from the first borehole 3 and receiving from the second borehole 4. Transmitting and receiving within both boreholes avoids the influence of mutual inductance between the transmitting and receiving devices. The dotted curve in the figure represents the transmission signal propagation trajectory 6, and the black block in the figure represents the geological anomaly 5.

[0069] The drilling while drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection process is as follows: Figure 6 The specific steps are as follows:

[0070] Step 1: Check the performance of the drilling while drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection host, drilling while drilling transmitter and drilling while drilling receiver;

[0071] Step 2: Signal detection of the signal transmitting probe 1 and the signal receiving probe 2. The purpose of the probe detection is to check whether the probes are working properly. The detection method is to connect the signal transmitting probe 1 and the signal receiving probe 2 to the detection host, and then perform data simulation collection to check the data quality. The simulated measurement data quality is used to check whether the probes are normal.

[0072] Step 3: calibrate and synchronize the clocks of the signal transmitting probe 1 and the signal receiving probe 2. The clock calibration and synchronization method is to respectively clock the signal transmitting probe 1 and the signal receiving probe 2 so that the time of the signal transmitting probe 1 and the signal receiving probe 2 is synchronized;

[0073] Step 4: Power the signal transmitting probe 1. After the signal transmitting probe 1 is powered, an electromagnetic field signal will be generated according to the law of electromagnetic induction. According to the winding method of the signal transmitting probe 1, the coil will simultaneously generate an electromagnetic field signal in the mutually perpendicular X and Y directions.

[0074] Step 5: Power the signal receiving probe 2. After the signal receiving probe 2 is powered, according to the winding method of the receiving probe coil, the signal receiving probe 2 will receive the secondary electromagnetic signal induced by the primary electromagnetic field signal of the signal transmitting probe 1 after it propagates through the formation;

[0075] Step 6: Simultaneously move the while-drilling transmitter and the while-drilling receiver to transmit and receive electromagnetic field signals, with a moving method of performing a measurement every one meter.

[0076] Step 7: Confirm whether the measurement is completed. If it is completed, proceed to step 8. If not, return to step 6.

[0077] Step 8: Check the quality of the received electromagnetic field signal data and extract the electromagnetic characteristics of the formation medium;

[0078] Step 9: Extract and save detection data from the signal receiving probe 2.

[0079] The present invention's drilling while drilling transient electromagnetic perspective data processing process is as follows: Figure 7 The specific steps are as follows:

[0080] Step 1: transient data sorting and trajectory data sorting. The transient data sorting method is to extract the correct transient data and delete the wrong transient data; the trajectory data sorting method is to extract the correct trajectory data and delete the wrong trajectory data.

[0081] Step 2: transient interference data removal and trajectory interference data removal. Transient interference data removal is to remove the transient data that generates interference and retain the transient data of the normal received part; trajectory interference data removal is to remove or modify the trajectory data that generates interference and retain the trajectory data of the normal received part.

[0082] Step 3: transient data wavelet transform filtering and trajectory data signal correction. Transient data wavelet transform is to use wavelet transform to smooth transient data. Trajectory data signal correction is to correct trajectory data according to the deviation law to ensure that the drilling trajectory data is stable and smooth.

[0083] Step 4: Transient data signal correction. Since the borehole transient electromagnetic data is limited by the borehole aperture, the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are relatively small, so the transient data needs to be corrected. The correction method is to subtract the primary field signal of the transmitting signal from the secondary field signal of the transient receiving data.

[0084] Step 5: Calculate the trajectory coordinates, and calculate the trajectory extension azimuth of the borehole according to the measured borehole inclination and azimuth;

[0085] Step 6: Resistivity data correction: correct the apparent resistivity value of the borehole transient measurement according to the true resistivity of the formation;

[0086] Step 7: Apparent resistivity calculation: calculate the transient apparent resistivity value of the borehole;

[0087] Step 8: Calculate the apparent depth, calculating the transient vertical apparent depth value of the drilling hole;

[0088] Step nine, calculating the spatial coordinates of transient data, calculating the spatial coordinate data of transient electromagnetic data;

[0089] Step 10: Fusing the transient data coordinates and the trajectory data coordinates. Fusing the transient data in space coordinate data with the drilling trajectory data measured by the drilling trajectory. The drilling position coordinates are based on the drilling trajectory measurement coordinates.

[0090] Step 11: draw a three-dimensional map of apparent resistivity of the borehole using transient electromagnetic perspective detection;

[0091] Step 12: Determine whether the calculation requirements are met. Specifically, the requirement is whether the three-dimensional apparent resistivity map of the borehole transient electromagnetic perspective detection is consistent with the borehole trajectory data. If the requirements are met, comprehensively analyze the interpretation results of the while-drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection. If the requirements are not met, return to step 2 for recalculation. The recalculation needs to be strictly fitted according to the borehole trajectory data.

[0092] Step 13: Comprehensively analyze the interpretation results of the while-drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection.

[0093] As the transmission and reception progress deeper into the borehole, the extension of the anomaly toward the working face can be tracked and identified. By analyzing the location of the anomaly revealed at different transmission points, the development of the anomaly along the borehole direction can be tracked and identified, thereby achieving spatial perspective and precise positioning of the geological anomaly.

[0094] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0095] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any appropriate manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0096] In addition, the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present disclosure, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A coal mine underground drilling while drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection device, characterized in that: Set up a while-drilling transmitter and a while-drilling receiver; The drilling-while-transmitting device comprises a signal transmitting probe (1) and a signal transmitting circuit; the drilling-while-receiving device comprises a signal receiving probe (2) and a signal receiving circuit; The signal transmitting probe (1) is provided with at least a transmitting coil winder (13), on which an X-direction transmitting coil (11) and a Y-direction transmitting coil (12) are respectively wound; The signal receiving probe (2) is provided with at least a magnetic rod (23), a receiving coil winder (22) is provided outside the magnetic rod (23), and a receiving coil (21) is spirally wound on the receiving coil winder (22) along the axial direction.

2. The coal mine underground drilling while drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmitting coil winder (13) is a rectangular parallelepiped structure; The signal transmitting probe (1) is further provided with a signal transmitting shell (14), which is a cylindrical structure. A transmitting probe plug (15) is encapsulated at one end of the signal transmitting shell (14), and a transmitting probe line interface (16) is provided on the transmitting probe plug (15). The X-direction transmitting coil (11) and the Y-direction transmitting coil (12) are connected to the transmitting probe line interface (16).

3. The coal mine underground drilling while drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The receiving coil winder (22) is a cylindrical structure; The signal receiving probe (2) is further provided with a signal receiving housing (24), which is cylindrical in shape. A receiving coil winder (22) is provided in the signal receiving housing (24), a receiving coil (21) is wound on the receiving coil winder (22), and a magnetic rod (23) is provided in the receiving coil winder (22); A receiving probe plug (25) is encapsulated at the end of the signal receiving shell (24). A receiving probe connection port (26) is provided on the receiving probe plug (25), and the receiving coil (21) is connected to the receiving probe connection port (26).

4. The coal mine underground drilling while drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The signal transmitting circuit controls the X-direction transmitting coil (11) and the Y-direction transmitting coil (12) to transmit bipolar pulse square waves; The signal transmitting circuit at least includes a signal amplifying unit and a signal rectifying unit. The signal amplifying unit amplifies the transmitted signal, and the signal rectifying unit rectifies the amplified signal. A capacitor C9 is arranged in parallel with the signal amplifying unit, and a capacitor C10 and a resistor R4 are arranged in parallel with the signal amplifying unit. The signal rectifying unit is connected in series with a diode D1 and then in parallel with the signal amplifying unit.

5. The coal mine underground drilling while drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The signal amplification unit includes a capacitor C1 connected to the input end, a transistor Q1 connected in parallel with the capacitor C1 through the base terminal and the collector terminal, and a capacitor C3 connected in parallel with the collector and emitter of the transistor; a transistor Q2 connected in series with the emitter of the transistor Q1 through the collector, a capacitor C4 connected in parallel with the collector and emitter of the transistor Q2, a capacitor C2 connected to the capacitor C1, and a capacitor C2 connected to the emitter of the transistor Q2; a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6 and a resistor R3 are arranged in series on the line 1 arranged in parallel with the transistors Q1 and Q2, a transistor Q3 and a transistor Q4 are arranged in series on the line 2 arranged in parallel, and the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the transistor Q1. Resistors R1 and R2 are connected in series with the transistor Q1 and the base of the transistor Q3. Capacitor C7 is connected in parallel between the collector and emitter of the transistor Q3, and capacitor C9 is connected in parallel between the collector and base. Capacitor C8 is connected in parallel between the collector and emitter of the transistor Q4, and capacitor C10 and resistor R4 are connected in series in the parallel circuit between the collector and base. The circuit formed by the transistor Q1 and capacitor C3 amplifies the current flowing through capacitor C1. The circuit formed by the transistor Q2 and capacitor C4 amplifies the current flowing through capacitor C2. The circuit formed by the transistor Q3 and capacitor C7 amplifies the current flowing through capacitor C5. The circuit composed of transistor Q4 and capacitor C8 is used to amplify the current flowing through resistor R2.

6. The coal mine underground drilling while drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The signal rectification unit includes a line 1 connected in parallel with capacitors C9, C10, and R4, with capacitors C11 and R5 connected in series on line 1; a line 2 connected in parallel with capacitors C12 and transistor Q5 connected in series on line 2, with capacitor C14 connected in parallel between the collector and emitter of transistor Q5; a diode D2 connected in series between line 1 and line 2, and the function of diode D2 is to rectify the current in the circuit from capacitor C12 to capacitor C11; the function of the circuit composed of transistor Q5 and capacitor C14 is to amplify the current flowing through capacitor C12; a line 3 connected in parallel with capacitors C13 and R7 connected in series on line 3, and a resistor R6 connected in series between line 3 and line 2; a line 4 connected in parallel with resistor R8 and capacitor C15 connected in series on line 4, with capacitor C15 corresponding to the output terminal; the function of diode D1 is to rectify the current in the circuit from resistor R8 to capacitor C9.

7. The coal mine underground drilling while drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The signal receiving circuit converts the electromagnetic waves received by the receiving coil 21 into current signals for storage; The signal receiving circuit includes a primary signal amplification unit and a secondary signal amplification unit connected in series; the primary signal amplification unit is provided with an operational amplifier U1 to perform a primary amplification on the received signal; the secondary signal amplification unit is provided with an operational amplifier U2 to perform a secondary amplification on the signal after the primary amplification; Specifically, a resistor R1 and a capacitor C2 are arranged in series on a branch connected to the power supply Vcc, and the capacitor C2 is connected to the input terminal; A capacitor C1 is set in parallel with the resistor R1; a resistor R2 is set on another branch of the power supply Vcc, the second end of the resistor R2 is connected to one end of the capacitor C4, and the second end of the capacitor C4 is connected to the negative output electrode A- of the operational amplifier U1; the second end of the resistor R3 is connected to one end of the resistor R4, the second end of the resistor R4 is connected to the capacitor C3, and the second end of the capacitor C3 is grounded; one end of the resistor R4 is connected to the positive output electrode A+ of the operational amplifier U1, one end of the capacitor C4 is connected to one end of the resistor R5, the second end of the resistor R5 is connected to one end of the capacitor C5, and the output electrode U of the operational amplifier U1 is connected. 1out After merging with the second end of capacitor C5, it is connected to one end of resistor R6, and the other two ends of operational amplifier U1 are connected to the power supply respectively; The second end of the resistor R6 is connected to one end of the capacitor C6, the second end of the capacitor C6 is connected to the negative output electrode B- of the operational amplifier U2, and the positive output electrode B+ of the operational amplifier U2 is grounded; one end of the capacitor C6 is connected to one end of the resistor R7, the second end of the resistor R7 is connected to the capacitor C7, and the output electrode U of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the ground. 2out The two terminals of the operational amplifier U2 are connected to the power supply respectively after being combined with the second terminal of the capacitor C7.

8. A method for arranging a drilling while drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection device, characterized in that: The drilling-while-drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection device is the drilling-while-drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 7; include: Step 1: A first borehole (3) and a second borehole (4) are provided in a rock layer underground in a coal mine, and a signal transmitting point (31) and a signal receiving point (41) are evenly provided at positions spaced every meter in the first borehole (3) and the second borehole (4); Step 2: Send the drilling transmitter into the first borehole (3), keep the tool face angle in the drilling transmitter unchanged, and the drilling transmitter sends a signal at each signal transmission point (31) in the first borehole (3) in turn; Step 3: Send the drilling receiver into the second borehole (4), and the drilling receiver completes signal reception at the signal receiving point (41) in the second borehole (4); Step 4: The drilling transmitter and the drilling receiver advance point by point until all signal transmitting points (31) in the first borehole (3) complete signal transmission and all signal receiving points (41) in the second borehole (4) complete signal reception, thereby locating the spatial position of the abnormal body around the second borehole (4); Step 5: An abnormal space intersection is performed through the relative signal transmitting point (31) and signal receiving point (41) between the first borehole (3) and the second borehole (4), so as to locate and verify the spatial position of the abnormal body in the working surface.

9. A method for detecting transient electromagnetic perspective while drilling a borehole, characterized in that: The detection method is performed using the drilling while drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: Step 1: The drilling while drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection device includes a connected drilling while drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection host, a drilling while drilling transmitter and a drilling while drilling receiver, and then performs data simulation acquisition to check the data quality. The probe is tested to see if it is normal through the simulated measured data quality; the signal transmitting probe and the signal receiving probe clock are calibrated and synchronized; Step 2: After the signal transmitting circuit provides a transmitting signal, the signal transmitting probe will generate an electromagnetic field signal according to the law of electromagnetic induction. The X-direction transmitting coil and the Y-direction transmitting coil will simultaneously generate an electromagnetic field signal in the mutually perpendicular X and Y directions. Step 3: The signal receiving probe receives the primary electromagnetic field signal from the signal transmitting probe, which is then transmitted through the formation to generate the secondary electromagnetic signal. The secondary electromagnetic signal received by the signal receiving probe is transmitted to the signal receiving circuit for signal amplification processing. Step 4: Check the quality of the received electromagnetic field signal data, extract the electromagnetic characteristics of the formation medium, and extract and save the detection data.

10. A method for processing transient electromagnetic perspective data while drilling, characterized in that: Processing the detection data obtained by the drilling while drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection method according to claim 9 includes: Step 1: Sorting out transient data and trajectory data: Transient data sorting includes deleting erroneous data, removing interfering data, and performing wavelet transform filtering. Transient data wavelet transform uses wavelet transform to smoothly process transient data. Trajectory data signal sorting includes deleting erroneous data, removing interfering data, and correcting them. Trajectory data signal correction corrects the trajectory data according to the offset rule to ensure that the drilling trajectory data is stable and smooth. The correction method is to subtract the primary field signal of the transmitting signal from the secondary field signal of the transient receiving data. Step 2: Numerical calculation: trajectory coordinate calculation, calculate the trajectory extension azimuth of the borehole according to the measured borehole inclination and azimuth; resistivity data correction, correct the apparent resistivity value of the borehole transient measurement according to the true resistivity of the formation; apparent resistivity calculation, calculate the apparent resistivity value of the borehole transient; apparent depth calculation, calculate the longitudinal apparent depth value of the borehole transient; transient data spatial coordinate calculation, calculate the spatial coordinate data of the transient electromagnetic data; Step 3: Data fusion: Fusion of transient data spatial coordinates and trajectory coordinates, fusion of transient data spatial coordinates and borehole trajectory measurement coordinates; drawing of a three-dimensional map of apparent resistivity of the borehole transient electromagnetic perspective detection; Step 4: Data output: Determine whether the calculation requirements are met. If so, comprehensively analyze the interpretation results of the while-drilling transient electromagnetic perspective detection. If not, return to step 2 for recalculation.

Images