A dispatching method for power system operation backup, a storage medium and equipment

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application disclose a power system operation reserve scheduling method, a storage medium and equipment, comprising: performing day-ahead unit commitment pre-scheduling on loads and reserves of a power system to determine reserve gaps of power supply in each period; when the reserve gaps do not satisfy load and reserve balance constraints, adding emergency reserve thermal power units and demand response resources to the power system to build a reserve scheduling model for power system operation, the reserve scheduling model comprising an objective function and constraint conditions; obtaining electricity energy quotes and reserve quotes of normalized power generation resources, emergency reserve thermal power units and demand response resources and inputting them into the reserve scheduling model to obtain a scheduling scheme, which is used for scheduling power system operation reserves. The above method can fully tap the reserve potential of demand response resources, enable reserve markets and electricity energy markets to operate in a coupled manner, and realize large-scale optimal allocation of resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system technology, and in particular to a scheduling method, storage medium and device for power system operation backup. Background Technology

[0002] Power system operational reserves are an essential technical means to maintain the safe and stable operation of the power grid and ensure its high-quality and economical operation. During operation, the power system should maintain a certain level of power reserves to cope with sudden load changes, grid failures, and random outages of generating equipment, thereby minimizing the adverse impact of power supply and demand imbalances on society and businesses.

[0003] Currently, China's power system reserves are mainly based on conventional units such as coal-fired power plants (i.e., mainly based on normalized resources and emergency thermal power units), and the potential of demand response resources to provide reserves has not been fully explored. This may lead to insufficient power supply and reserve resources in the power system, and the decoupled operation of the reserve market and the power energy market makes it impossible to achieve large-scale optimal allocation of resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to propose a scheduling method, storage medium, and equipment for power system operation reserves to address the above problems. This method can fully tap the reserve potential of demand response resources, optimize the power generation space of generating units, alleviate the tight power supply situation during peak hours, effectively transmit market supply and demand tension signals, achieve large-scale optimal allocation of resources, significantly reduce reserve costs, and promote the safe and economical operation of the power grid.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides, in a first aspect, a method for dispatching power system operating reserves, the method comprising:

[0006] Pre-arrange day-ahead unit combinations for the load and reserve of the power system;

[0007] The reserve gap for power supply in each time period is determined based on the aforementioned day-ahead unit combination pre-arrangement;

[0008] If the reserve gap does not meet the load and reserve balance constraints, emergency standby thermal power units and demand response resources are added to the power system. Based on the added power system, a standby dispatch model for power system operation is built. The standby dispatch model includes an objective function and constraints. The constraints include system constraints, thermal power unit constraints, hydropower unit constraints, demand response resource constraints, and network constraints.

[0009] Obtain the electricity price and standby price of the normalized power generation resources, the emergency backup thermal power units, and the demand response resources;

[0010] The electricity price and reserve price are input into the reserve dispatch model to obtain a dispatch scheme, which is used for dispatching the power system's operational reserves.

[0011] Optionally, the dispatching scheme includes the output of the normalized power generation resources, the output of the emergency standby thermal power units, the output of the demand response resources, the bid-winning standby capacity of the normalized power generation resources, the bid-winning standby capacity of the emergency standby thermal power units, and the bid-winning standby capacity of the demand response resources.

[0012] Optionally, the expression for the objective function is:

[0013]

[0014] Where T is the total number of power dispatch periods, and N is... i E represents the total number of generating units, and C represents the total number of electricity price quotation segments. i,e For the e-th segment of electrical energy quotation for unit i, P i,e,t For unit i to output power during the e-th segment of time period t, Let i be the startup cost of unit i during time period t. For the standby quote of unit i, R i,t N represents the positive reserve capacity of unit i during time period t. d The total number of users of the demand response resource. A quote for the electricity consumption of user d. To meet the needs of user d during time period t, the resource output should be optimized. For user d's alternative quote, ΔR d,t N represents the spare capacity available to user d during time period t. l Let M be the total number of lines, and M be the relaxation penalty factor for line power flow constraints and cross-sectional power flow constraints. These are the forward and reverse power flow relaxation variables for line l, respectively, and N. s The total number of cross-sections. These are the forward and reverse kinetic flow relaxation variables for section s, respectively.

[0015] Optionally, the system constraints include load balancing constraints, positive reserve constraints, and negative reserve constraints;

[0016] The expression for the load balancing constraint is:

[0017] The expression for the positive reserve constraint is:

[0018] The expression for the negative reserve constraint is:

[0019] Where, N iP represents the total number of generating units. i,t N represents the power output of unit i during time period t. T T represents the total number of connecting lines. j,t For the planned power of tie line j in time period t, D t For the system load in time period t, N D The total number of resources required to respond to demand. R provides resource output to meet user d's needs during time period t. i,t Let ΔR be the positive reserve capacity of unit i during time period t. d,t The available backup capacity for user d during time period t. To meet the positive standby capacity requirement, α is the reserve deduction value. i,t Let α represent the start-up and shutdown status of unit i during time period t. i,t =1 indicates the device is powered on, α i,t =0 indicates a stopped state. To provide the minimum stable technical output for unit i during time period t. This represents a negative reserve capacity requirement.

[0020] Optionally, the constraints of the thermal power unit include unit output constraints, unit ramping constraints, minimum start-up / shutdown duration constraints, and unit standby constraints.

[0021] The expression for the unit output constraint is:

[0022] The expression for the unit ramp-up constraint is:

[0023] The expression for the minimum start-up / shutdown duration constraint of the unit is:

[0024] The expression for the unit's positive standby constraint is:

[0025] Among them, P i,t Let P be the power output of unit i in time period t, E be the total number of segments in the electricity price quotation, and P be the power generation output of unit i in time period t. i,e,t For unit i to output power in the e-th segment of time period t, R i,t Let α be the positive reserve capacity of unit i during time period t. i,t Let α represent the start-up and shutdown status of unit i during time period t. i,t =1 indicates the device is powered on, α i,t =0 indicates a stopped state. This represents the maximum power output of unit i during time period t. Let α be the minimum power output of unit i during time period t. i,t-1Let α represent the start-up and shutdown status of unit i during time period t-1. i,t-1 =1 indicates the device is powered on, α i,t-1 =0 indicates a shutdown state, P i,t-1 The power output of unit i in time period t-1 This represents the maximum uphill ramp rate of unit i. This represents the maximum downhill / climb rate of unit i. Let t be the time during which unit i has been continuously running. Let be the minimum continuous operating time of unit i. Let t be the time during which unit i has been continuously shut down. Let α be the minimum continuous downtime of unit i. i,v For unit i, the start / stop state during time period v, α i,v =1 indicates the device is powered on, α i,v =0 indicates a stopped state. This represents the maximum positive reserve capacity declared by unit i during time period t. This represents the maximum value that unit i can climb within 10 minutes based on the emergency climb rate during time period t, while it is on standby.

[0026] Optionally, the constraints on the hydropower units include daily power generation constraints;

[0027] The expression for the daily power generation constraint is:

[0028] in, Let P be the minimum daily power generation of unit i, T be the total number of power dispatch periods, and P be the minimum daily power generation of unit i. i,t Let i be the power output of unit i during time period t. Ω represents the maximum daily power generation of unit i. H Let i be the set of units i.

[0029] Optionally, the demand response resource constraints include demand response resource output constraints, demand response resource minimum / maximum duration constraints, and demand response resource reserve constraints.

[0030] The expression for the demand response resource output constraint is:

[0031] The expression for the minimum / maximum duration constraint of the demand response resources is:

[0032]

[0033] The expression for the demand response resource reserve constraint is:

[0034] in, ΔR represents the resource output for user d during time period t in response to user d's demand. d,t The available backup capacity for user d during time period t. For the maximum responsive reduction output, For user d, this refers to the resource allocation for peak shaving demand during time period t. To participate in peak shaving demand response resources, To avoid participating in peak shaving demand response resources, For user d, the resource response situation for peak shaving demand during time period t-1. To participate in peak shaving demand response resources, To avoid participating in peak shaving demand response resources, The minimum duration for user d to participate in demand response resources. The duration for which resources have been available to meet user d's demand during time period t. The maximum duration for user d to participate in demand response resources. For available state variables, The maximum standby capacity that user d can provide during time period t.

[0035] Optionally, the network constraints include line power flow constraints and cross-sectional power flow constraints;

[0036] The expression for the power flow constraint of the line is:

[0037]

[0038] The expression for the cross-sectional power flow constraint is:

[0039]

[0040] Among them, P l max N is the power flow transmission limit of line l. i G represents the total number of generating units. l-i P is the transfer distribution factor of the generator output power from node i to line l. i,t N represents the power output of unit i during time period t. T T represents the total number of connecting lines. j,t Let K be the planned power of tie line j in time period t, K be the total number of nodes in the system, and G be the planned power of tie line j in time period t. l,k Let D be the generator output power transfer distribution factor from node k to line l. k,t Let k be the bus load value at time period t. To meet the needs of user d during time period t, the resource output should be optimized. P represents the forward and reverse power flow relaxation variables of line l, respectively. s minG is the minimum limit of power flow transmission at section s. s,j G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from node j to section s. s,k Let k be the generator output power transfer distribution factor at node k with respect to section s. P represents the forward and reverse tidal current relaxation variables at section s, respectively. s max This represents the maximum limit of power flow transmission at section s.

[0041] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides, in a second aspect, a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the method described in the first aspect.

[0042] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a computer device in a third aspect, including a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program that, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the method as described in the first aspect.

[0043] The embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: Day-ahead unit combination pre-arrangement is performed for the load and reserve of the power system; the reserve gap for power supply in each time period is determined based on the day-ahead unit combination pre-arrangement; if the reserve gap does not meet the load and reserve balance constraints, emergency reserve thermal power units and demand response resources are added to the power system; a reserve dispatch model for power system operation is built based on the added power system, the reserve dispatch model including an objective function and constraints; wherein, the constraints include system constraints, thermal power unit constraints, hydropower unit constraints, demand response resource constraints, and network constraints; the electricity price and reserve price of normalized power generation resources, emergency reserve thermal power units, and demand response resources are obtained; the electricity price and reserve price are input into the reserve dispatch model to obtain a dispatch scheme, which is used for the dispatch of power system operation reserves. The above method considers demand response resources in the power system's operational reserves, enabling demand response resources and emergency standby thermal power units to participate in the scheduling of power system operational reserves. This facilitates the complementary advantages of both, fully taps the standby potential of demand response resources, optimizes the generating capacity of units, and alleviates the tight power supply situation during peak hours. Furthermore, by obtaining power price quotes and standby quotes, the standby market and the power market operate in a coupled manner, which can effectively transmit market supply and demand tension signals, achieve large-scale optimal allocation of resources, significantly reduce standby costs, and promote the safe and economical operation of the power grid. Attached Figure Description

[0044] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0045] in:

[0046] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a power system operation backup scheduling method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 2 These are schematic diagrams illustrating power generation output under three different scenarios in the embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the available backup capacity under three different scenarios in the embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 4 This is an internal structural diagram of a computer device in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Please see Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a power system operation reserve scheduling method according to an embodiment of this application. The method includes:

[0052] Step 110: Make daytime unit combination arrangements for the load and reserve of the power system.

[0053] It should be noted that by pre-arranging the daytime unit combination of the power system's load and reserves, the power generation dispatch plan of the power system can be obtained.

[0054] Step 120: Determine the reserve gap for power supply in each time period based on the day-ahead unit combination pre-arrangement.

[0055] Each time slot can be 15 minutes long. For example, time slot 72 is from 17:44 to 18:00 and time slot 19 is from 5:30 to 5:45. Understandably, operators can also modify the length of the time slots according to actual needs, and there are no restrictions here.

[0056] It should be noted that the reserve gap of power supply in each period of the power system can be determined based on the day-ahead unit combination pre-arrangement, that is, based on the power generation dispatch plan of the power system.

[0057] Step 130: If the reserve gap does not meet the load and reserve balance constraints, then add emergency standby thermal power units and demand response resources to the power system. Based on the added power system, build a standby dispatch model for power system operation. The standby dispatch model includes an objective function and constraints.

[0058] The constraints include system constraints, thermal power unit constraints, hydropower unit constraints, demand response resource constraints, and network constraints.

[0059] It should be noted that if the reserve gap does not meet the load and reserve balance constraints, it means that the current day-ahead unit combination pre-arrangement cannot achieve the power system supply and demand balance. Therefore, it is necessary to add emergency reserve thermal power units and demand response resources to the power system. It can be understood that the emergency reserve thermal power units here refer to those where normal power generation resources are used, but the power system still cannot achieve the power system supply and demand balance (the reserve gap does not meet the load and reserve balance constraints).

[0060] It should be further explained that after adding emergency standby thermal power units and demand response resources to the power system, it is necessary to rebuild the backup dispatch model of the power system operation based on the added power system, so as to achieve supply and demand balance in the power system and thus ensure the safe and economical operation of the power grid.

[0061] Step 140: Obtain the electricity price and standby price of normalized power generation resources, emergency standby thermal power units, and demand response resources.

[0062] Step 150: Input the electricity price and reserve price into the reserve dispatch model to obtain the dispatch scheme, which is used to dispatch the power system's operational reserves.

[0063] The dispatch plan includes the output of normalized power generation resources, the output of emergency standby thermal power units, the output of demand response resources, the bid-winning standby capacity of normalized power generation resources, the bid-winning standby capacity of emergency standby thermal power units, and the bid-winning standby capacity of demand response resources.

[0064] It should be noted that this embodiment obtains electricity price quotes and reserve quotes, enabling the reserve market and the electricity market to operate in a coupled manner to achieve optimal resource allocation over a wide range. By inputting the obtained electricity price quotes and reserve quotes for normalized power generation resources, emergency reserve thermal power units, and demand response resources into the reserve dispatch model, a dispatch scheme for the power system's operational reserve can be obtained, and the power system's operational reserve can be dispatched according to this dispatch scheme.

[0065] In some embodiments, the dispatch scheme can also be used for joint dispatch of power system reserve dispatch and cross-border reserve dispatch. This can be done by buying dispatched electricity when the price of electricity abroad is low and selling dispatched electricity when the price of electricity abroad is high. Alternatively, it can be done by comprehensively considering the generation costs of normalized power generation resources, emergency standby thermal power units, demand response resources and overseas electricity costs, and dispatching based on the principle of the lowest cost.

[0066] In this embodiment, by considering demand response resources in the power system's operational reserve, demand response resources and emergency standby thermal power units jointly participate in the scheduling of the power system's operational reserve. This facilitates the complementary advantages of both, fully taps the standby potential of demand response resources, optimizes the generating capacity of units, and alleviates the tight power supply situation during peak hours. Furthermore, by obtaining power price quotes and standby quotes, the standby market and the power market operate in a coupled manner, which can effectively transmit market supply and demand tension signals, achieve large-scale optimal allocation of resources, significantly reduce standby costs, and promote the safe and economical operation of the power grid.

[0067] In one feasible implementation, in step 150, the dispatch scheme includes the output of normalized power generation resources, the output of emergency standby thermal power units, the output of demand response resources, the bid-winning standby capacity of normalized power generation resources, the bid-winning standby capacity of emergency standby thermal power units, and the bid-winning standby capacity of demand response resources.

[0068] In the embodiments of this application, by obtaining the output of normalized power generation resources, the output of emergency standby thermal power units, the output of demand response resources, the winning bid reserve capacity of normalized power generation resources, the winning bid reserve capacity of emergency standby thermal power units, and the winning bid reserve capacity of demand response resources, the scheduling of the current system's operating reserves can be realized, thereby achieving large-scale optimal allocation of resources, significantly reducing reserve costs, and promoting the safe and economical operation of the power grid.

[0069] In one feasible implementation, in step 130, the expression for the objective function is:

[0070]

[0071] Where T is the total number of power dispatch periods, and N is... i E represents the total number of generating units, and C represents the total number of electricity price quotation segments. i,e For the e-th segment of electrical energy quotation for unit i, P i,e,t For unit i to output power during the e-th segment of time period t, Let i be the startup cost of unit i during time period t. For the standby quote of unit i, R i,t N represents the positive reserve capacity of unit i during time period t.d The total number of users of the demand response resource. A quote for the electricity consumption of user d. To meet the needs of user d during time period t, the resource output should be optimized. For user d's alternative quote, ΔR d,t N represents the spare capacity available to user d during time period t. l Let M be the total number of lines, and M be the relaxation penalty factor for line power flow constraints and cross-sectional power flow constraints. These are the forward and reverse power flow relaxation variables for line l, respectively, and N. s The total number of cross-sections. These are the forward and reverse kinetic flow relaxation variables for section s, respectively.

[0072] It should be noted that the objective function in this application embodiment considers the energy cost and reserve cost of the generating units, as well as the energy cost and reserve cost of the demand response resources. It can be understood that by considering the energy cost and reserve cost of the generating units and demand response resources, it is possible to achieve a wide range of optimal resource allocation and reduce the scheduling cost of power system operation reserves.

[0073] In this embodiment of the application, the objective function of the standby scheduling model considers the energy cost and standby cost of generating units and demand response resources, which enables the large-scale optimal allocation of resources, reduces the scheduling cost of power system operation standby, and by considering demand response resources, fully taps the standby potential of demand response resources to optimize the generation space of generating units, alleviate the tight energy supply situation during peak hours, and promote the safe and economical operation of the power grid.

[0074] In one feasible implementation, in step 130, the system constraints include load balancing constraints, positive reserve constraints, and negative reserve constraints.

[0075] The expression for the load balance constraint is:

[0076]

[0077] Where, N i P represents the total number of generating units. i,t N represents the power output of unit i during time period t. T T represents the total number of connecting lines. j,t For the planned power of tie line j in time period t, D t For the system load in time period t, N D The total number of resources required to respond to demand. R provides resource output to meet user d's needs during time period t. i,t Let ΔR be the positive reserve capacity of unit i during time period t. d,tThe available backup capacity for user d during time period t. To meet the positive standby capacity requirement, α is the reserve deduction value (i.e., the reserve deduction value caused by reasons such as unit and passageway). i,t Let α represent the start-up and shutdown status of unit i during time period t. i,t =1 indicates the device is powered on, α i,t =0 indicates a stopped state. To provide the minimum stable technical output for unit i during time period t. This represents a negative reserve capacity requirement.

[0078] It should be noted that positive reserve constraints are mainly provided by emergency standby thermal power units and demand response resources through market-based trading methods (standby market and electricity market), while negative reserve constraints are mainly used to meet the load during off-peak hours or the consumption of renewable energy.

[0079] In the embodiments of this application, load balance constraints, positive reserve constraints, and negative reserve constraints in the system constraints are used to schedule the operation reserve of the current system, thereby achieving large-scale optimal allocation of resources, significantly reducing reserve costs, and promoting the safe and economical operation of the power grid.

[0080] In one feasible implementation, in step 130, the thermal power unit constraints include unit output constraints, unit ramp-up constraints, unit minimum start-up / shutdown duration constraints, and unit standby constraints.

[0081] The expression for the unit output constraint is:

[0082] The expression for the unit ramp-up constraint is:

[0083] The expression for the minimum start-up / shutdown duration constraint of the unit is:

[0084] The expression for the unit's standby constraint is:

[0085] Among them, P i,t Let P be the power output of unit i in time period t, E be the total number of segments in the electricity price quotation, and P be the power generation output of unit i in time period t. i,e,t For unit i to output power in the e-th segment of time period t, R i,t Let α be the positive reserve capacity of unit i during time period t. i,t Let α represent the start-up and shutdown status of unit i during time period t. i,t =1 indicates the device is powered on, α i,t =0 indicates a stopped state. This represents the maximum power output of unit i during time period t. Let α be the minimum power output of unit i during time period t. i,t-1 Let α represent the start-up and shutdown status of unit i during time period t-1. i,t-1 =1 indicates the device is powered on, α i,t-1 =0 indicates a shutdown state, P i,t-1 The power output of unit i in time period t-1 This represents the maximum uphill ramp rate of unit i. This represents the maximum downhill / climb rate of unit i. Let t be the time during which unit i has been continuously running. Let be the minimum continuous operating time of unit i. Let t be the time during which unit i has been continuously shut down. Let α be the minimum continuous downtime of unit i. i,v For unit i, the start / stop state during time period v, α i,v =1 indicates the device is powered on, α i,v =0 indicates a stopped state. This represents the maximum positive reserve capacity declared by unit i during time period t. This represents the maximum value that unit i can climb within 10 minutes based on the emergency climb rate during time period t, while it is on standby.

[0086] It should be noted that the unit output constraint is mainly due to the fact that the unit output at time t, when superimposed on the unit's positive standby capacity, should not exceed the maximum output limit and should not be lower than the minimum stable technical output. The unit ramp-up constraint is mainly due to the fact that when the unit increases or decreases its output at time t, it should meet the unit ramp-up rate requirement. The unit minimum start-up / shutdown duration constraint is mainly due to the physical properties of the unit and actual operating needs, requiring the unit to meet the minimum continuous start-up / shutdown time. The unit positive standby constraint is mainly due to the need to meet the upper limit constraint of standby capacity and the emergency ramp-up constraint.

[0087] In the embodiments of this application, the unit output constraint, unit ramping constraint, unit minimum start-up / shutdown duration constraint, and unit positive standby constraint in the thermal power unit constraints are used to realize the scheduling of the current system operation standby, thereby achieving large-scale optimal allocation of resources, significantly reducing standby costs, and promoting the safe and economical operation of the power grid.

[0088] In one feasible implementation, in step 130, the hydropower unit constraints include daily power generation constraints.

[0089] The expression for the daily power generation constraint is:

[0090] in, Let P be the minimum daily power generation of unit i, T be the total number of power dispatch periods, and P be the minimum daily power generation of unit i. i,tLet i be the power output of unit i during time period t. Ω represents the maximum daily power generation of unit i. H Let i be the set of units i.

[0091] It should be noted that the daily power generation constraint mainly takes into account the daily power generation of hydropower units, therefore, the daily power generation constraint must be met.

[0092] In this embodiment of the application, the daily power generation constraint in the hydropower unit constraint is used to realize the scheduling of the current system operation reserve, thereby achieving large-scale optimal allocation of resources, significantly reducing reserve costs, and promoting the safe and economical operation of the power grid.

[0093] In one feasible implementation, in step 130, the demand response resource constraints include demand response resource output constraints, demand response resource minimum / maximum duration constraints, and demand response resource reserve constraints.

[0094] The expression for the resource output constraint in demand response is:

[0095] The expression for the minimum / maximum duration constraint of demand response resources is:

[0096]

[0097] The expression for the demand response resource reserve constraint is:

[0098] in, ΔR represents the resource output for user d during time period t in response to user d's demand. d,t The available backup capacity for user d during time period t. For the maximum responsive reduction output, For user d, this refers to the resource allocation for peak shaving demand during time period t. To participate in peak shaving demand response resources, To avoid participating in peak shaving demand response resources, For user d, the resource response situation for peak shaving demand during time period t-1. To participate in peak shaving demand response resources, To avoid participating in peak shaving demand response resources, The minimum duration for user d to participate in demand response resources. The duration for which resources have been available to meet user d's demand during time period t. The maximum duration for user d to participate in demand response resources. For available state variables, The maximum standby capacity that user d can provide during time period t.

[0099] It should be noted that the minimum / maximum duration constraints of demand response resources are mainly due to the constraints that users must meet when participating in demand response, namely the minimum and maximum duration constraints. The standby constraints of demand response resources are mainly due to the constraints that the standby capacity limit of demand response resources must meet, namely the maximum standby capacity that users can provide during a time period.

[0100] In this embodiment of the application, the demand response resource output constraint, the minimum / maximum duration constraint, and the demand response resource reserve constraint in the demand response resource constraints are used to realize the scheduling of the current system operation reserve, thereby achieving large-scale optimal allocation of resources, significantly reducing reserve costs, and promoting the safe and economical operation of the power grid.

[0101] In one feasible implementation, in step 130, the network constraints include line power flow constraints and cross-sectional power flow constraints.

[0102] The expression for the line power flow constraint is:

[0103]

[0104] The expression for the cross-sectional power flow constraint is:

[0105]

[0106] Among them, P l max N is the power flow transmission limit of line l. i G represents the total number of generating units. l-i P is the transfer distribution factor of the generator output power from node i to line l. i,t N represents the power output of unit i during time period t. T T represents the total number of connecting lines. j,t Let K be the planned power of tie line j in time period t, K be the total number of nodes in the system, and G be the planned power of tie line j in time period t. l,k Let D be the generator output power transfer distribution factor from node k to line l. k,t Let k be the bus load value at time period t. To meet the needs of user d during time period t, the resource output should be optimized. P represents the forward and reverse power flow relaxation variables of line l, respectively. s min G is the minimum limit of power flow transmission at section s. s,j G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from node j to section s. s,k Let k be the generator output power transfer distribution factor at node k with respect to section s. P represents the forward and reverse tidal current relaxation variables at section s, respectively. s maxThis represents the maximum limit of power flow transmission at section s.

[0107] In the embodiments of this application, the scheduling of the current system's operational reserves is achieved through line power flow constraints and cross-sectional power flow constraints in the network constraints, thereby realizing large-scale optimal allocation of resources, significantly reducing reserve costs, and promoting the safe and economical operation of the power grid.

[0108] For example, in this application embodiment, to test the effectiveness of emergency backup thermal power units and demand response resources in utilizing the emergency backup mechanism, the following three operating scenarios were simulated for comparative analysis: a relatively sufficient power system supply, a relatively tight power system supply (considering only some emergency backup thermal power units), and a relatively tight power system supply (considering some emergency backup thermal power units and considering the emergency backup capabilities of demand response resources); please refer to... Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the power generation output under three different scenarios in the embodiments of this application, and please refer to... Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the available backup capacity under three different scenarios in the embodiments of this application.

[0109] according to Figure 2 As shown, in a scenario of ample supply and demand (sufficient supply), the generators are shut down throughout the day. However, in a scenario of tight supply, i.e. without considering the tight supply of demand response resources, the generators are running throughout the day and maintain a high output level for most of the time. After considering demand response resources, the power output level is improved overall during peak electricity consumption periods, indicating that the introduction of demand response resources can further optimize the generator capacity of the units.

[0110] according to Figure 3 As shown, in a scenario of ample supply and demand (sufficient supply), the system is shut down all day and no operational backup is required. However, in a scenario of tight supply, i.e. without considering the tight supply of demand response resources, operational backup is provided at maximum capacity during peak electricity consumption periods. After considering the access of demand response resources, the operational backup that needs to be reserved during peak electricity consumption periods decreases.

[0111] In this embodiment of the application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor performs a power system operation standby scheduling method according to the above method embodiment.

[0112] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform a power system operation standby scheduling method according to the above method embodiment.

[0113] Figure 4An internal structural diagram of a computer device in one embodiment is shown. This computer device can specifically be a terminal, a server, or a gateway. Figure 4 As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, and network interface connected via a system bus.

[0114] The memory includes a non-volatile storage medium and internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium of the computer device stores an operating system and may also store a computer program. When executed by a processor, this computer program causes the processor to perform the steps in the above method embodiments. The internal memory may also store a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps in the above method embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 4 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0115] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods.

[0116] Any references to memory, storage, database, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application may include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), dual data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), RAMbus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and RAMbus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), etc.

[0117] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0118] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for dispatching power system operating reserves, characterized in that, The method includes: Pre-arrange day-ahead unit combinations for the load and reserve of the power system; The reserve gap for power supply in each time period is determined based on the aforementioned day-ahead unit combination pre-arrangement; If the reserve gap does not meet the load and reserve balance constraints, emergency standby thermal power units and demand response resources are added to the power system. Based on the added power system, a standby dispatch model for power system operation is built. The standby dispatch model includes an objective function and constraints. The constraints include system constraints, thermal power unit constraints, hydropower unit constraints, demand response resource constraints, and network constraints. Obtain the electricity price and standby price of the normalized power generation resources, the emergency backup thermal power units, and the demand response resources; The electricity price and reserve price are input into the reserve dispatch model to obtain a dispatch scheme, which is used to dispatch the power system's operational reserves. The expression for the objective function is: ； in, This represents the total number of time periods for power dispatch. This represents the total number of generating units. The total number of segments for electricity price quotes. For the unit The Electricity price quote For the unit During the period The Duan made great efforts, For the unit During the period Startup costs, For the unit Alternative quotes For the unit During the period Positive reserve capacity, The total number of users of the demand response resource. For users Electricity price quotes For users During the period The output of resources to meet demand. For users Alternative quotes For users During the period Available backup capacity The total number of lines, This is the relaxation penalty factor for line power flow constraints and cross-sectional power flow constraints. , The lines are respectively Forward and reverse current slack variables, The total number of cross-sections. , Cross-sections The positive and negative current slack variables.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dispatching scheme includes the output of the normalized power generation resources, the output of the emergency standby thermal power units, the output of the demand response resources, the bid-winning reserve capacity of the normalized power generation resources, the bid-winning reserve capacity of the emergency standby thermal power units, and the bid-winning reserve capacity of the demand response resources.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The system constraints include load balancing constraints, positive reserve constraints, and negative reserve constraints; The expression for the load balancing constraint is: ; The expression for the positive reserve constraint is: ; The expression for the negative reserve constraint is: ; in, This represents the total number of generating units. For the unit During the period Power generation output, The total number of connecting lines, For connecting lines During the period The planned power, For the time period The system load, The total number of resources required to respond to demand. For users During the period The output of resources to meet demand. For the unit During the period Positive reserve capacity, For users During the period Available backup capacity To meet the positive standby capacity requirement, As a reserve deduction value, For the unit During the period Start-stop status, The device is powered on. The machine is in a stopped state. For the unit During the period Minimum stable technical output, This represents a negative reserve capacity requirement.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The constraints on thermal power units include unit output constraints, unit ramping constraints, unit minimum start-up / shutdown duration constraints, and unit standby constraints. The expression for the unit output constraint is: , , ; The expression for the unit ramp-up constraint is: , ; The expression for the minimum start-up / shutdown duration constraint of the unit is: , , , ; The expression for the unit's positive standby constraint is: , ; in, For the unit During the period Power generation output, The total number of segments for electricity price quotes. For the unit During the period The Duan made great efforts, For the unit During the period Positive reserve capacity, For the unit During the period Start-stop status, The device is powered on. The machine is in a stopped state. For the unit During the period Maximum power output, For the unit During the period Minimum power generation output, For the unit During the period Start-stop status, The device is powered on. The machine is in a stopped state. For the unit During the period Power generation output, For the unit Maximum uphill speed For the unit Maximum downhill / uphill speed For the unit During the period The time that the machine has been continuously powered on, For the unit Minimum continuous power-on time, For the unit During the period The downtime has been continuous. For the unit Minimum continuous downtime, For the unit During the period Start-stop status, The device is powered on. The machine is in a stopped state. For the unit During the period The maximum declared positive standby capacity, For the unit During the period The backup is based on the maximum climb rate that can be achieved within 10 minutes.

5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The constraints on the hydropower units include daily power generation constraints; The expression for the daily power generation constraint is: , ; in, For the unit Minimum daily power generation, This represents the total number of time periods for power dispatch. For the unit During the period Power generation output, For the unit Maximum daily power generation, For the unit A set of.

6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The demand response resource constraints include demand response resource output constraints, demand response resource minimum / maximum duration constraints, and demand response resource reserve constraints. The expression for the demand response resource output constraint is: , ; The expression for the minimum / maximum duration constraint of the demand response resources is: 、 ； The expression for the demand response resource reserve constraint is: ; in, For users During the period The output of resources to meet demand. For users During the period Available backup capacity For the maximum responsive reduction output, For users During the period The status of resources participating in peak shaving demand response. To participate in peak shaving demand response resources, To avoid participating in peak shaving demand response resources, For users During the period The status of resources participating in peak shaving demand response. To participate in peak shaving demand response resources, To avoid participating in peak shaving demand response resources, For users The minimum duration for participating in demand response resources. For users During the period The demand response resources have been available for a considerable period of time. For users The maximum duration for participating in demand response resources. For available state variables, For users During the period Maximum available standby capacity.

7. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The network constraints include line power flow constraints and cross-sectional power flow constraints. The expression for the power flow constraint of the line is: 、 ； The expression for the cross-sectional power flow constraint is: 、 ； in, For the line The limit of current transmission, This represents the total number of generating units. For the unit The node is connected to the line The transfer distribution factor of the generator output power. For the unit During the period Power generation output, The total number of connecting lines, For connecting lines During the period The planned power, The total number of nodes in the system. For nodes For the line The generator output power transfer distribution factor, For nodes During the period The bus load value, For users During the period The output of resources to meet demand. , The lines are respectively Forward and reverse current slack variables, cross-section The minimum limit of current transmission, For connecting lines The node is located on the cross section The generator output power transfer distribution factor, For nodes cross section The generator output power transfer distribution factor, , Cross-sections Forward and reverse current slack variables, cross-section The maximum limit of current transmission.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The device stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A computer device, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program that, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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