Low-frequency oscillator unit, antenna assembly and base station

Abstract

This invention discloses a low-frequency dipole element, an antenna assembly, and a base station. The dipole arm is configured to bend downwards, and the director has a window corresponding to the extended branch. This reduces the space occupied by the dipole arm, allowing more low-frequency dipole elements to be arranged in the same space. Furthermore, the window in the director reduces its impact on the high-frequency dipole elements below and improves the cross-polarization ratio of the antenna assembly, resulting in stronger signal spatial directivity. Finally, it reduces the space occupied by the antenna assembly in the base station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antennas, and more particularly to a low-frequency vibrator element, antenna assembly, and base station. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of mobile communication technology, people's reliance on it in their lives is constantly increasing. As a crucial component of mobile communication, the number, location, and signal transmission / reception capabilities of base station antennas significantly impact mobile communication technology. Therefore, improving the signal transmission and reception performance of antennas has become a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a low-frequency vibrator unit, an antenna assembly, and a base station, which improve the signal transmission and reception performance of the low-frequency vibrator unit by utilizing a vibrator arm bent toward the bottom of the low-frequency vibrator unit and a director with a window.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a low-frequency oscillator unit is provided, comprising:

[0005] Multiple oscillator arms, each oscillator arm including an extension branch and a bending branch, the extension branch facing the periphery of the low-frequency oscillator unit and the bending branch facing the bottom of the low-frequency oscillator unit;

[0006] A director is positioned on top of the low-frequency oscillator unit and spaced apart from the plurality of oscillator arms. The director has a window, at least a portion of which corresponds to the orientation of each of the extended branches.

[0007] Furthermore, the guide also has a guiding pattern that is disposed along the edge of the window.

[0008] Furthermore, the window includes a plurality of rectangular windows, each of which is arranged along the length direction of each of the extended branches;

[0009] The guiding pattern includes multiple guiding branches, each of which corresponds to an edge of the rectangular window.

[0010] Furthermore, the window also includes a central window, which is connected to the plurality of rectangular windows;

[0011] The two guide branches located on opposite sides of the two adjacent rectangular windows are interconnected, and the total length of the plurality of guide branches is 0.8λ1-1.2λ1, wherein λ1 is the wavelength of the center frequency point of the operating frequency band of the low-frequency oscillator unit.

[0012] Furthermore, the plurality of rectangular windows are four rectangular windows facing the same direction, and the arrangement directions of two adjacent rectangular windows are perpendicular to each other;

[0013] The plurality of guiding branches include a plurality of first guiding branches and a plurality of second guiding branches, wherein the first guiding branches are located on opposite sides of two adjacent rectangular windows, and the second guiding branches are located between two first guiding branches, wherein the length of the first guiding branch is 0.1λ1 and the length of the second guiding branch is 0.05λ1.

[0014] Furthermore, the extended branches include a first rectangular pattern, a second rectangular pattern, and a third rectangular pattern connected in sequence;

[0015] The bent branch includes a fourth rectangular pattern and a fifth rectangular pattern connected in sequence. The fourth rectangular pattern is connected to the third rectangular pattern, and the arrangement direction of the fourth rectangular pattern and the fifth rectangular pattern is perpendicular to the extension direction of the extended branch.

[0016] Furthermore, the distance between the opposite side edges of the first rectangular pattern and the third rectangular pattern is 0.05λ2, the length of the side of the third rectangular pattern parallel to the extension direction of the extension branch is 0.13λ2 and the length of the side of the extension branch perpendicular to the extension direction of the extension branch is 0.08λ2, where λ2 is the wavelength of the center frequency point of the operating frequency band of the high-frequency oscillator unit.

[0017] Furthermore, the third rectangular pattern has a perpendicular foot point, and the first rectangular pattern, the second rectangular pattern, the fourth rectangular pattern, and the fifth rectangular pattern are arranged along the perpendicular foot point respectively;

[0018] The distance from the perpendicular point to the edge of the first rectangular pattern away from the third rectangular pattern is the first distance, and the distance from the perpendicular point to the edge of the fifth rectangular pattern away from the fourth rectangular pattern is the second distance;

[0019] The total length of the first distance and the second distance is 0.25λ1, where λ1 is the wavelength of the center frequency point of the operating frequency band of the low-frequency oscillator unit.

[0020] Furthermore, the first rectangular pattern has connecting holes; and / or

[0021] The third rectangular pattern has a rectangular hole, which is located near the second rectangular pattern.

[0022] Furthermore, the low-frequency oscillator unit also includes:

[0023] A balun assembly includes multiple baluns, with two of the oscillator arms mounted on opposite sides of the same balun;

[0024] The base has multiple mounting slots and power supply lines. The balun assembly is mounted on the base through the mounting slots and electrically connected to the power supply lines.

[0025] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide an antenna assembly comprising:

[0026] Multiple high-frequency oscillator units;

[0027] The low-frequency oscillator unit as described in the first aspect above; and

[0028] A reflector, wherein the high-frequency oscillator unit and the low-frequency oscillator unit are mounted on the reflector and are spaced apart.

[0029] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a base station comprising:

[0030] The antenna assembly as described in the second aspect above.

[0031] The low-frequency vibrating element, antenna assembly, and base station of this invention feature a vibrating arm that bends downwards, and a director with a window corresponding to the extended branch. This reduces the space occupied by the vibrating arm, allowing more low-frequency vibrating elements to be arranged in the same space. Furthermore, the window in the director reduces its impact on the lower high-frequency vibrating elements and improves the cross-polarization ratio of the antenna assembly, resulting in stronger signal spatial directivity. Finally, it reduces the space occupied by the antenna assembly in the base station. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become clearer from the following description of embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the low-frequency oscillator unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the low-frequency oscillator unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the director in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the director in some other embodiments of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the director in some other embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibrator arm in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibrator arm in some other embodiments of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibrator arm in some other embodiments of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibrator arm in some other embodiments of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 11 These are the radiation patterns of low-frequency and high-frequency oscillator units in existing technology;

[0044] Figure 12 This is the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 13 This is a comparison pattern of the high-frequency oscillator unit in the undecoupled state and the high-frequency oscillator unit in the decoupled state of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 14 This is the radiation pattern of the low-frequency oscillator unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 15 This is the gain pattern of the low-frequency oscillator unit in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0049] 1-Oscillator arm;

[0050] 11-Extending branches;

[0051] 111 - First rectangular pattern; 112 - Second rectangular pattern; 113 - Third rectangular pattern; 1131 - Perpendicular foot point;

[0052] 12-Bent branches;

[0053] 121 - Fourth rectangular pattern; 122 - Fifth rectangular pattern;

[0054] 13-Connecting hole; 14-Rectangular hole; 15-Chamfer;

[0055] 2-Director;

[0056] 21-Window; 211-Rectangular window; 212-Central window; 213-Lobe window;

[0057] 22-Guide pattern;

[0058] 221 - Leading node; 2211 - First leading node; 2212 - Second leading node; 2213 - Third leading node;

[0059] 23-Component unit; 231-First frame; 232-First frame; 233-Connecting plate; 2331-Fixing hole;

[0060] 3-Barron component; 31-Barron;

[0061] 4-Base;

[0062] 41-Mounting slot; 42-Power supply line; 421-Port;

[0063] 5-High-frequency oscillator unit;

[0064] 6-Reflector. Detailed Implementation

[0065] The present invention is described below based on embodiments, but the invention is not limited to these embodiments. In the detailed description of the invention below, certain specific details are described in detail. Those skilled in the art will fully understand the invention even without these details. To avoid obscuring the essence of the invention, well-known methods, processes, flows, elements, and circuits are not described in detail.

[0066] Furthermore, those skilled in the art should understand that the accompanying drawings provided herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0067] Unless the context explicitly requires it, words such as "including" or "contains" throughout the application should be interpreted as including rather than exclusive or exhaustive; that is, meaning "including but not limited to".

[0068] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0069] For ease of explanation, spatially related terms such as “inside,” “outside,” “below,” “below,” “lower,” “above,” “upper,” etc., are used herein to describe the relationship between one element or feature illustrated in the figure and another. It will be understood that spatially related terms may be intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation besides those depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, an element described as “below” or “below” another element or feature would then be positioned “above” that other element or feature. Thus, the exemplified term “below” can encompass both above and below orientations. The device may be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially related descriptive terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0070] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention. The antenna assembly in the figure includes four high-frequency dipole elements 5 and one low-frequency dipole element, wherein the low-frequency dipole element is located in the middle of the four high-frequency dipole elements 5. All five dipole elements are mounted on a reflector 6.

[0071] Figure 2 and 3 This is a structural schematic diagram and an exploded view of a low-frequency vibrator unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the director 2 is located at the top of the low-frequency vibrator unit, and the vibrator arm 1 is located at the lower part of the director 2 and connected to the base 4 through the balun assembly 3, so that the low-frequency vibrator unit can be stably kept in an upright state or fixed to the reflector 6 on the antenna assembly through the base 4.

[0072] In some implementations, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, the low-frequency oscillator unit includes multiple oscillator arms 1 and a director 2. Each oscillator arm 1 includes an extension branch 11 and a bent branch 12. The extension branch 11 faces the periphery of the low-frequency oscillator unit, and the bent branch 12 faces the bottom of the low-frequency oscillator unit. The director 2 is disposed at the top of the low-frequency oscillator unit and spaced apart from the multiple oscillator arms 1. The director 2 has a window 21, at least a portion of which corresponds to the orientation of each extension branch 11.

[0073] In this embodiment, the low-frequency oscillator unit has an oscillator arm 1 that bends downwards, and the director 2 has a window 21 corresponding to the extension branch 11. This reduces the space occupied by the oscillator arm 1, allowing more low-frequency oscillator units to be arranged in the same space. Furthermore, the window 21 in the director 2 reduces the mutual interference between the low-frequency and high-frequency oscillator units 5 when they are arrayed together.

[0074] It is easy to understand that in this embodiment, in order to reduce the space occupied by the low-frequency oscillator unit, the oscillator arm 1 is bent towards the bottom of the low-frequency oscillator unit. After bending, the bent branch 12 of the oscillator arm 1 will be closer to the high-frequency oscillator unit 5, so that the high-frequency oscillator unit 5 and the low-frequency oscillator unit will affect each other to a certain extent. For this reason, the window 21 of the director 2 can reduce the interference between the two.

[0075] Figure 4-6 and Figure 7-10 These are schematic diagrams showing different structural forms of the director 2 and the oscillator arm 1. In some embodiments, such as Figure 1-5 as well as Figure 7 As shown, the director 2 also has a guiding pattern 22, which is arranged along the edge of the window 21. In this embodiment, in order to further reduce the influence of the director 2 on the high-frequency oscillator unit 5, the area of ​​the window 21 is increased while the size of the director 2 remains unchanged, so that the guiding pattern 22 is arranged around the edge of the window 21.

[0076] Specifically, the director 2 in this embodiment also includes a substrate. In the above embodiment, the guiding pattern 22 is formed on the side of the substrate opposite to the oscillator arm 1, and the window 21 penetrates the substrate. The substrate can be made of epoxy resin (RF4) board. In contrast, the oscillator arm 1 also has a plate-like structure, with the top of its plate edge facing the bottom of the substrate. Thus, the electromagnetic signal is guided by the guiding pattern 22, while also reducing interference to the high-frequency oscillator unit 5.

[0077] In some implementations, such as Figure 1-5 as well as Figure 7 As shown, window 21 includes multiple rectangular windows 211, each rectangular window 211 being arranged along the length direction of each extending branch 11. The guiding pattern 22 includes multiple guiding branches 221, each guiding branch 221 corresponding to each edge of the rectangular window 211.

[0078] Specifically, the substrate in the above embodiment includes multiple component units 23, each component unit 23 corresponding one-to-one with the rectangular window 211 and the oscillator arm 1. Each component unit 23 extends along the length direction of the extending branch 11. The rectangular window 211 is opened in the middle region of the component unit 23, and the component unit 23 has two first side borders 231 parallel to the length direction of the extending branch 11 and a second side border 232 connecting the two first side borders 231. In this embodiment, multiple guiding branches 221 are coiled around the first side borders 231 and the second side borders 232, thereby maximizing the use of the area on the substrate to meet the length requirements of the guiding branches 221.

[0079] As is easily understood, in this embodiment, the first frame 231 and the second frame 232 of the director 2 are already provided with the guiding pattern 22, so the position is relatively cramped. In order to fix the director 2, a connecting plate 233 can be provided between two adjacent component units 23. The connecting plate 233 is used to fix the position of the director 2. Figure 2 The figure shows a connecting plate 233, which has a fixing hole 2331 in the middle for fixing. The fixing hole 2331 can be fixedly connected to the base 4 through a support structure (not shown in the figure).

[0080] In some implementations, such as Figure 1-5 as well as Figure 7 As shown, window 21 also includes a central window 212, which is connected to multiple rectangular windows 211. Two guide branches 221 located on opposite sides of two adjacent rectangular windows 211 are interconnected, and the total length of the multiple guide branches 221 is 0.8λ1-1.2λ1, where λ1 is the wavelength of the center frequency point of the operating frequency band of the low-frequency oscillator unit.

[0081] Preferably, the total length of the guiding stub 221 is the same as the wavelength of the center frequency point of the operating frequency band of the low-frequency oscillator unit. Electromagnetic wave energy is coupled to the metal body and conducted along the arrangement direction of the metal body. Configuring the length of the guiding stub 221 to be the same as the wavelength of the center frequency point of the operating frequency band of the low-frequency oscillator unit facilitates coupling with the electromagnetic waves emitted by the oscillator arm 1.

[0082] In some implementations, such as Figure 1-5 as well as Figure 7 As shown, there are four rectangular windows 211 facing the same direction, with adjacent windows 211 arranged perpendicularly to each other. Multiple guiding branches 221 include multiple first guiding branches 2211 and multiple second guiding branches 2212. The first guiding branches 2211 are located on opposite sides of adjacent rectangular windows 211, and the second guiding branches 2212 are located between two first guiding branches 2211 and at the ends of the first guiding branches 2211. The length of the first guiding branch 2211 is 0.1λ1, and the length of the second guiding branch 2212 is 0.05λ1. In this embodiment, the first guiding branch 2211 corresponds to the first frame 231 in the above embodiment, and the second guiding branch 2212 corresponds to the second frame. This embodiment configures the width and length to ensure that the guide 2 can effectively conduct the electromagnetic waves radiated by the oscillator arm 1 while reducing interference to the high-frequency oscillator unit 5.

[0083] Optionally, Figure 5The figure shows a connection configuration of a first leading branch 2211 and a second leading branch 2212. The second leading branch 2212 is located near the end of the first leading branch 2211, that is, the second leading branch 2212 is kept at a certain distance from the end of the first leading branch 2211, thereby increasing the overall length of the multiple leading branches 221.

[0084] Optionally, Figure 6 Another form is shown in the figure. The guiding pattern 22 in the figure consists of multiple third guiding branches 2213. Each third guiding branch 2213 extends outward from the central region of the director 2, bends, and then loops back to the central region, forming a petal-like structure. Correspondingly, the shape of the window 21 also corresponds to a petal-like window 213. At the same time, the petal-like structure includes an outer section, a middle section, and an inner section from the outside to the inside. The inner section is narrower and connects adjacent petal-like structures through this section. The width of the outer section of the petal-like structure is greater than that of the inner section, and the width of the middle section of the petal-like structure is greater than that of the outer section. At the same time, the connecting plate 233 mentioned above is located in the inner section. In this embodiment, the guiding pattern 22 should still ensure that the overall length of the multiple third guiding branches 2213 is the same as the wavelength of the center frequency point of the operating frequency band of the low-frequency oscillator unit, while also making the director 2 more aesthetically pleasing.

[0085] In some implementations, such as Figure 1-5 as well as Figure 7 As shown, the extending branch 11 includes a first rectangular pattern 111, a second rectangular pattern 112, and a third rectangular pattern 113 connected in sequence. The bent branch 12 includes a fourth rectangular pattern 121 and a fifth rectangular pattern 122 connected in sequence. The fourth rectangular pattern 121 is connected to the third rectangular pattern 113, and the arrangement direction of the fourth rectangular pattern 121 and the fifth rectangular pattern 122 is perpendicular to or approximately perpendicular to the extension direction of the extending branch 11.

[0086] In other embodiments, the arrangement direction of the fourth rectangular pattern 121 and the fifth rectangular pattern 122 can be configured to be 120° with the extension direction of the extension branch 11. In this case, a region will be formed between the extension branch 11 and the bent branch 12. This region can be used to set the high-frequency vibrator unit 5, thereby further improving the space utilization of the antenna assembly.

[0087] In some implementations, such as Figure 1-5 as well as Figure 7As shown, the distance between the opposite side edges of the first rectangular pattern 111 and the third rectangular pattern 113 is 0.05λ2. The length of the side of the third rectangular pattern 113 parallel to the extension direction of the extension branch 11 is 0.13λ2 and the length of the side of the extension branch 11 perpendicular to the extension direction of the extension branch 11 is 0.08λ2, where λ2 is the wavelength of the center frequency point of the operating frequency band of the high-frequency oscillator unit 5. Figure 4 The dimensions corresponding to this embodiment are shown in the figure, where L1 is 0.05λ2, L2 is 0.13λ2, and L3 is 0.08λ2. The dimensions of the extension stub 11 in this embodiment are related to the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the high-frequency dipole element 5. By configuring the dimensions of the extension stub 11, the antenna assembly composed of the high-frequency dipole element 5 and the array of high-frequency dipole elements 5 can achieve better performance.

[0088] In some implementations, such as Figure 1-5 as well as Figure 7 As shown, the third rectangular pattern 113 has a perpendicular foot point 1131, and the first rectangular pattern 111, the second rectangular pattern 112, the fourth rectangular pattern 121, and the fifth rectangular pattern 122 are arranged along the perpendicular foot point 1131. The distance from the perpendicular foot point 1131 to the edge of the first rectangular pattern 111 away from the third rectangular pattern 113 is the first distance, and the distance from the perpendicular foot point 1131 to the edge of the fifth rectangular pattern 122 away from the fourth rectangular pattern 121 is the second distance. The total length of the first and second distances is 0.25λ1, where λ1 is the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the low-frequency oscillator unit. In this embodiment, the total length of the first and second distances is also... Figure 7 The total length of the dashed lines. The horizontal dashed line represents the first distance, and the vertical dashed line represents the second distance. By configuring the length of the vibrator arm 1 to be one-quarter of the center frequency of the low-frequency vibrator unit's operating frequency band, the vibrator arm 1 can more easily radiate electromagnetic waves to the outside.

[0089] Optionally, the first rectangular pattern 111 has a connecting hole 13. The third rectangular pattern 113 has a rectangular hole 14 and a chamfer 15, with the rectangular hole 14 located near the second rectangular pattern 112. The chamfer 15 is located on the opposite side of the second rectangular pattern 112 and the fourth rectangular pattern 121, and the first rectangular pattern 111 has another chamfer 15 located opposite to the chamfer 15 of the third rectangular pattern 113.

[0090] In other words, Figure 7The dimensions of the oscillator arms 1 shown, specifically L1, L2, and L3, take into account the operating frequency of the high-frequency oscillator unit 5. Under this premise, the dimensions shown by the dashed lines also consider the operating frequency of the low-frequency oscillator unit. That is, by configuring the dimensions of the first rectangular pattern 111, the second rectangular pattern 112, the third rectangular pattern, the fourth rectangular pattern 121, and the fifth rectangular pattern 122, the array composed of the low-frequency and high-frequency oscillator units 5 achieves a higher cross-polarization ratio.

[0091] Figure 8-10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oscillator arm 1 in some other embodiments. In other embodiments, the chamfer 15 of the oscillator arm 1 can have various forms. For example... Figure 8 The chamfered angle 15 is located at the upper right corner of the third rectangular pattern 113. The edge of the chamfered angle 15 is a straight line and the cut area is relatively large. For example... Figure 9 The chamfered corners 15 are located at the four vertices of the first rectangular pattern 111, the third rectangular pattern 113, and the fifth rectangular pattern 122, and the chamfered corners 15 are rounded. Figure 10 There is no chamfer 15, but there are round holes at the center of the first rectangular pattern 111, the third rectangular pattern 113 and the fifth rectangular pattern 122 respectively.

[0092] In some implementations, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, the low-frequency oscillator unit also includes a balun assembly 3 and a base 4. The balun assembly 3 includes multiple baluns 31, with two oscillator arms 1 mounted on both sides of the same balun 31. The base 4 has multiple mounting slots 41 and a power supply line 42. The balun assembly 3 is mounted on the base 4 through the mounting slots 41 and electrically connected to the power supply line 42.

[0093] A balun, also known as a balanced-to-unbalanced impedance converter, can perform impedance conversions with ratios of 1:1, 4:1, 6:1, 9:1, and 25:1. The principle is based on antenna theory: dipole antennas are balanced antennas, while coaxial cables are unbalanced transmission lines. If they are directly connected, high-frequency current will flow through the outer sheath of the coaxial cable, affecting the antenna's radiation. Therefore, a balanced-to-unbalanced impedance converter is added between the antenna and the cable. Figure 3 The balun assembly 3 shown includes two baluns 31 arranged in a cross shape. Correspondingly, the base 4 has two power supply lines 42 for supplying power to the two baluns 31 respectively when they are plugged into the base 4. Two ports 421 are located at the edge of the base 4 for electrical connection to a coaxial cable.

[0094] In an alternative implementation, multiple low-frequency vibrating elements from the above embodiments are applied to an antenna assembly. The antenna assembly also includes multiple high-frequency vibrating elements 5 and a reflector 6. The low-frequency and high-frequency vibrating elements 5 are mounted on the transmitting plate and spaced apart.

[0095] In this embodiment of the antenna assembly, the arm 1 of the low-frequency dipole element is bent downwards, and the director 2 is provided with a window 21 corresponding to the extended branch 11. This reduces the space occupied by the low-frequency dipole element, allowing more low-frequency dipole elements to be arranged in the same space. Furthermore, the window 21 in the director 2 reduces its impact on the high-frequency dipole element 5 below and improves the cross-polarization ratio of the antenna assembly, resulting in stronger signal spatial directivity and better decoupling of the antenna assembly.

[0096] Figure 11 This is the radiation pattern of the low-frequency oscillator unit and the high-frequency oscillator unit 5 in the prior art. In contrast, Figure 12 This is the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly in this embodiment. For example... Figure 11-12 As shown, at the 3dB bandwidth position in both figures (the top position in the middle of the curves), the antenna assembly in this embodiment exhibits no beam distortion and converges to the 64° to 69° range. Therefore, the configuration of the low-frequency and high-frequency dipole elements 5 in the above embodiment improves the signal transmission and reception performance of the antenna assembly.

[0097] Figure 13 This is a comparison diagram of the high-frequency oscillator unit 5 in its undecoupled state (left image) and the high-frequency oscillator unit 5 in its decoupled state according to the embodiment of the present invention (right image). As can be seen in the figures, by configuring the dimensions of L1, L2, and L3 on the extension arm, the waveform of the high-frequency oscillator unit 5 becomes more convergent and has less distortion (positions A and B in the two images). In contrast, Figure 14 and Figure 15 These are the radiation pattern and gain radiation pattern of the low-frequency oscillator unit in this embodiment. After reducing the coupling effect of the high-frequency oscillator unit 5 on the low-frequency oscillator unit, the radiation pattern of the low-frequency oscillator unit is both convergent and distortion-free, with a cross-polarization ratio reaching -26dB.

[0098] In another alternative implementation, the low-frequency vibrator unit and / or antenna assembly described in the above embodiments can be applied to a base station. This base station can be used to transmit and receive wireless signals.

[0099] In this embodiment of the base station, the vibrator arm 1 within the low-frequency vibrator unit is configured to bend downwards, while the director 2 is provided with a window 21 corresponding to the extension branch 11. This reduces the space occupied by the vibrator arm 1, allowing more low-frequency vibrator units to be arranged in the same space. Furthermore, the window 21 in the director 2 reduces its impact on the high-frequency vibrator unit 5 below and improves the cross-polarization ratio of the antenna assembly, resulting in stronger signal spatial directivity and decoupling capability. Finally, it reduces the space occupied by the antenna assembly in the base station.

[0100] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can be modified and varied in various ways. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-frequency oscillator unit, characterized in that, The low-frequency oscillator unit includes: Multiple oscillator arms (1), each oscillator arm (1) including an extension branch (11) and a bending branch (12), the extension branch (11) facing the periphery of the low-frequency oscillator unit, and the bending branch (12) facing the bottom of the low-frequency oscillator unit; A director (2) is placed on top of the low-frequency oscillator unit and spaced apart from the plurality of oscillator arms (1). The director (2) has a window (21) in which at least a portion of the window (21) corresponds to the orientation of each of the extension branches (11). The director (2) has a plate-like structure and also includes a substrate and a director pattern (22) formed on the substrate. The window (21) opened by the director (2) penetrates the substrate. The director pattern (22) is arranged along the edge of the window (21) and the director pattern (22) is arranged on the side of the substrate away from the oscillator arm (1).

2. The low-frequency oscillator unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The window (21) includes a plurality of rectangular windows (211), each of the rectangular windows (211) being arranged along the length direction of each of the extended branches (11); The guiding pattern (22) includes a plurality of guiding branches (221), each of which corresponds to an edge of the rectangular window (211).

3. The low-frequency oscillator unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The window (21) further includes a central window (212), which is connected to the plurality of rectangular windows (211); The two guide branches (221) located on opposite sides of the two adjacent rectangular windows (211) are connected to each other, and the total length of the multiple guide branches (221) is 0.8λ1-1.2λ1, where λ1 is the wavelength of the center frequency point of the operating frequency band of the low frequency oscillator unit.

4. The low-frequency oscillator unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rectangular windows (211) are four rectangular windows (211) facing the same direction, and the arrangement directions of two adjacent rectangular windows (211) are perpendicular to each other; The plurality of guiding branches include a plurality of first guiding branches (2211) and a plurality of second guiding branches (2212), wherein the first guiding branches (2211) are located on opposite sides of two adjacent rectangular windows (211), and the second guiding branches (2212) are located between two first guiding branches (2211), wherein the length of the first guiding branch (2211) is 0.1λ1, and the length of the second guiding branch (2212) is 0.05λ1.

5. The low-frequency oscillator unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extended branch (11) includes a first rectangular pattern (111), a second rectangular pattern (112), and a third rectangular pattern (113) connected in sequence; The bent branch (12) includes a fourth rectangular pattern (121) and a fifth rectangular pattern (122) connected in sequence. The fourth rectangular pattern (121) is connected to the third rectangular pattern (113), and the arrangement direction of the fourth rectangular pattern (121) and the fifth rectangular pattern (122) is perpendicular to the extension direction of the extended branch (11).

6. The low-frequency oscillator unit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The distance between the opposite side edges of the first rectangular pattern (111) and the third rectangular pattern (113) is 0.05λ2. The length of the side of the first rectangular pattern (111) parallel to the extension direction of the extension branch (11) is 0.13λ2 and the length of the side of the extension branch (11) perpendicular to the extension direction of the extension branch (11) is 0.08λ2, where λ2 is the wavelength of the center frequency point of the operating frequency band of the high-frequency oscillator unit.

7. The low-frequency oscillator unit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The third rectangular pattern (113) has a perpendicular foot point, and the first rectangular pattern (111), the second rectangular pattern (112), the fourth rectangular pattern (121), and the fifth rectangular pattern (122) are arranged along the perpendicular foot point respectively; The distance from the perpendicular point (1131) to the edge of the first rectangular pattern (111) away from the third rectangular pattern (113) is the first distance, and the distance from the perpendicular point (1131) to the edge of the fifth rectangular pattern (122) away from the fourth rectangular pattern (121) is the second distance; The total length of the first distance and the second distance is 0.25λ1, where λ1 is the wavelength of the center frequency point of the operating frequency band of the low-frequency oscillator unit.

8. The low-frequency oscillator unit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first rectangular pattern (111) has a connecting hole (13); and / or The third rectangular pattern (113) has a rectangular hole (14) located near the second rectangular pattern (112).

9. The low-frequency oscillator unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-frequency oscillator unit also includes: A balun assembly (3) includes multiple baluns (31), with two said oscillator arms (1) mounted on opposite sides of the same balun (31); The base (4) has multiple mounting slots (41) and power supply lines (42). The balun assembly (3) is mounted on the base (4) through the mounting slots (41) and is electrically connected to the power supply lines (42).

10. An antenna assembly, characterized in that, The antenna assembly includes: Multiple high-frequency oscillator units; The low-frequency oscillator unit according to any one of claims 1-9; and A reflector, wherein the high-frequency oscillator unit and the low-frequency oscillator unit are mounted on the reflector and are spaced apart.

11. A base station, characterized in that, The base station includes: The antenna assembly according to claim 10.

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