A forage addition process and equipment for calf feed

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of feed production technology, and particularly relates to a forage addition process for calf feed, comprising the following steps: S1, granular concentrate feed is weighed and metered by a first metering and conveying device; forage is weighed and metered by a second metering and conveying device; S2, the first metering and conveying device conveys the metered concentrate feed to a spraying device, which sprays molasses onto the concentrate feed, coating the surface of the concentrate feed with a layer of molasses; S3, the molasses-coated concentrate feed is conveyed to a ribbon mixer, and the second metering and conveying device conveys the metered forage to the ribbon mixer; the ribbon mixer mixes the metered forage with the molasses-coated concentrate feed to form feed and outputs it. Beneficial effects: This application first sprays molasses onto the surface of the granular concentrate feed before adding forage. The molasses increases the palatability of the forage and also binds the forage and granular concentrate feed together, solving the problem that the forage easily separates from the concentrate feed, resulting in the remaining forage being difficult for calves to consume.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of feed production technology, and in particular relates to a forage addition process and equipment for calf feed. Background Technology

[0002] Supplemental feed for calves is generally introduced one week after birth. To ensure adequate intake of supplemental feed, forage is typically introduced after 3-4 weeks. Early training of calves to eat forage promotes rumen development. Some calves are also fed forage along with supplemental feed starting at 15 days old. This aims to further stimulate the balanced development of the calf's regular digestive organs, promote rumination, and improve digestive function. Calves have strong digestive and absorptive capabilities, high feed utilization, and rapid growth and weight gain, thus improving feed efficiency and reducing feeding costs.

[0003] Therefore, people use a chaff cutter to cut hay (such as dried alfalfa) into pieces about 20mm-30mm in length. During the stage when calves are old enough to be fed hay, they are fed the chopped hay pieces manually while receiving supplemental feed. This method has indeed proven effective in calf rearing, helping with rumen development.

[0004] However, existing methods of feeding calves with concentrated feed and hay have the following shortcomings: Firstly, because it is artificial feeding, the ratio of hay to concentrated feed cannot be precisely controlled; secondly, although high-quality hay is fed, it lacks palatability, and the hay and granular concentrated feed are separated, resulting in a significant amount of hay remaining uneaten by the calves, failing to achieve the purpose of adding hay and causing waste. Clearly, known techniques are not applicable to adding hay to calf feed due to these problems encountered in artificial feeding of hay, and this technical challenge needs to be solved. Therefore, how can we accurately control the addition of hay to calf feed? How can we make the hay palatable? How can we ensure that hay and granular concentrated feed are consumed by the calves together? Researching these technical solutions is of great significance for calf feeding. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems in existing technologies where the ratio of forage to concentrate in calf feed cannot be precisely controlled, and where forage lacks palatability and easily separates from concentrate, making the remaining forage difficult for calves to consume, this invention provides a forage addition process and equipment for calf feed.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a forage addition process for calf feed, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Granular feed is weighed and measured by the first metering and conveying device; hay is weighed and measured by the second metering and conveying device.

[0008] S2. The first metering and conveying device conveys the metered concentrated supplementary feed to the spraying device, and the spraying device sprays molasses on the concentrated supplementary feed to coat a layer of molasses on the surface of the concentrated supplementary feed;

[0009] S3. The concentrated supplementary feed coated with molasses is conveyed to the spiral ribbon mixer, and the second metering and conveying device conveys the metered forage to the spiral ribbon mixer; the spiral ribbon mixer mixes the metered forage and the concentrated supplementary feed coated with molasses into feed and outputs it.

[0010] Preferably, in step S1, it further includes that the flaked corn is weighed and metered by the third metering and conveying device, and the flaked barley is weighed and metered by the fourth metering and conveying device; in step S2, after the metered concentrated supplementary feed, flaked corn and flaked barley are mixed, they are then conveyed to the spraying device. Other flaked crops can also be added to ensure that the feed has comprehensive nutrition, and the addition process of flaked corn and flaked barley is simple and ingenious.

[0011] Preferably, the proportion of the added molasses in the feed by weight ranges from a, and 0.5% ≤ a ≤ 1.5%. The concentrated supplementary feed is sprayed with molasses first and then the forage is added. The addition amount of this molasses not only avoids the adhesion between granular concentrated supplementary feeds but also ensures that the forage is coated on the surface of the concentrated supplementary feed through molasses as a binder.

[0012] Preferably, the proportion of the added forage in the feed by weight ranges from b, and 0 < b ≤ 10%. The addition amount of the forage is satisfied, and it is ensured that the forage is completely coated on the surface of the concentrated supplementary feed through molasses as a binder.

[0013] Preferably, in step S1, the weight proportion range of the concentrated supplementary feed is c, and 65% ≤ c ≤ 70%, the weight proportion range of the flaked corn is d, and 20% ≤ d ≤ 30%, the weight proportion range of the flaked barley is e, and 5% ≤ e ≤ 10%, and c + d + e = 100%. Ensure that the feed has an excellent nutritional ratio.

[0014] A forage adding device for calf feed includes a first metering and conveying device, a second metering and conveying device, a spraying device, a spiral ribbon mixer and multiple bins. The concentrated supplementary feed and the forage are stored in the corresponding bins respectively, and an automatic gate is arranged at the outlet of the bin; the first metering and conveying device is used to weigh and meter the concentrated supplementary feed from the corresponding bin and convey it into the spraying device, the spraying device is used to spray molasses on the concentrated supplementary feed to coat a layer of molasses on the surface of the concentrated supplementary feed, the output end of the spraying device is connected to the first inlet of the spiral ribbon mixer, the second metering and conveying device is used to weigh and meter the forage from the corresponding bin and convey it into the spiral ribbon mixer through the second inlet of the spiral ribbon mixer, and the spiral ribbon mixer is used to mix the concentrated supplementary feed and the forage into feed and output it.

[0015] Preferably, the forage addition device further includes a third metering and conveying device and a fourth metering and conveying device. Flaked corn and flaked barley are stored in their respective silos. The third metering and conveying device weighs and conveys the flaked corn from its corresponding silo to the spraying device, and the fourth metering and conveying device weighs and conveys the flaked barley from its corresponding silo to the spraying device. Other flaked crops can also be added to ensure the feed has comprehensive nutrition. The addition structure for flaked corn and flaked barley is simple, ingenious, easy to implement, and easy to control.

[0016] Furthermore, the supplementary feed is stored in two separate silos, while the flaked corn, flaked barley, and hay are each stored in one separate silo. Since the supplementary feed constitutes a large proportion of the total feed, allocating two silos for it ensures reliable and stable addition.

[0017] Furthermore, the automatic gate is a pneumatic valve; a cleaning vibrator is installed on the silo; the first, second, third, and fourth metering conveying devices are all electronic belt scales; a transition hopper is provided between the corresponding electronic belt scales and the outlet of the silo. The transition hopper effectively avoids the impact of the material discharge from the silo on the weighing of the electronic belt scale, greatly improving the accuracy of weighing and measurement.

[0018] Furthermore, the spraying device includes a housing and a hollow shaft. A storage hopper is disposed above the housing. A material leveling disc and a pattern disc assembly are rotatably disposed inside the housing. One end of the hollow shaft passes through the material leveling disc and is fixedly connected to it. The other end of the hollow shaft is located outside the storage hopper and is driven to rotate by a first driving mechanism. Both the material leveling disc and the hollow shaft are positioned directly above the pattern disc assembly. The pattern disc assembly includes a rotating shaft and multiple pattern discs. The multiple pattern discs are arranged sequentially and spaced apart from top to bottom on the rotating shaft. The pattern discs are concave downwards. The edge of the shaft is toothed, and the shaft is driven to rotate by a second drive mechanism. The input end of the first metering conveying device is connected to the outlet of the feed hopper, the input end of the third metering conveying device is connected to the outlet of the feed hopper for flaked corn, and the input end of the fourth metering conveying device is connected to the outlet of the feed hopper for flaked barley. The output ends of the first, third, and fourth metering conveying devices are all connected to the storage hopper. The storage hopper is connected to the equalization plate, and the end of the hollow shaft away from the equalization plate is connected to molasses through an adapter. The feed, flaked corn, and flaked barley are initially mixed in the storage hopper to form a mixture. The mixture falls onto the distribution plate under its own weight. The rotating distribution plate uses centrifugal force to spread the granular mixture to the surrounding area. At the same time, the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotating disc throws the molasses falling into the disc to the edge of the disc. The molasses is then dispersed into extremely fine droplets by the toothed edge of the disc. With the help of centrifugal force, the atomized molasses is spread to the surface of the mixture. This cleverly utilizes the principle of centrifugal atomization to achieve molasses spraying on the granular material (the mixture of feed, flaked corn, and flaked barley), ensuring that the molasses spraying on the mixture is uniform.

[0019] Beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. In this application, molasses is first sprayed onto the surface of the granular supplementary feed, and then hay is added. The hay is coated onto the surface of the granular feed by molasses as a binder. Molasses not only increases the palatability of the hay, solving the problem that the hay is not palatable, but also makes the hay and the granular supplementary feed stick together, solving the problem that the hay is easy to separate from the supplementary feed, making the remaining hay difficult for calves to eat.

[0021] 2. This application uses various metering and conveying devices to convey pellets and forage in proportion, thereby achieving precise batching of various materials. Furthermore, the pellets are pre-mixed during the flow process, which greatly improves the uniformity of the finished feed and solves the problem of uncontrollable forage addition ratio.

[0022] 3. The forage addition equipment of this application ingeniously combines the spraying device and the ribbon mixer together, so that molasses spraying and forage addition can be realized in one device. The integrated design has a reasonable and compact layout, is easy to control, and has a low cost. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a side view schematic diagram of the forage addition device for calf feed according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a side view schematic diagram of the spraying device and the ribbon mixer of the calf feed and hay addition equipment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of part A in the diagram;

[0027] In the diagram: 1. First metering and conveying device; 2. Second metering and conveying device; 3. Spraying device; 31. Shell; 32. Hollow shaft; 33. Storage hopper; 34. Equalizing disc; 35. Patterned disc assembly; 351. Rotating shaft; 352. Patterned disc; 36. First drive mechanism; 37. Second drive mechanism; 38. Adapter; 4. Ribbon mixer; 41. First inlet; 42. Second inlet; 5. Hopper; 51. Automatic gate; 52. Cleaning vibrator; 53. High level sensor; 54. Low level sensor; 6. Third metering and conveying device; 7. Fourth metering and conveying device; 8. Transition hopper. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] like Figures 1-3As shown, a forage addition device for calves includes a first metering and conveying device 1, a second metering and conveying device 2, a spraying device 3, a ribbon mixer 4, and multiple hoppers 5. Concentrated feed and forage are stored in their respective hoppers 5, and each hopper 5 has an automatic gate 51 at its outlet. The first metering and conveying device 1 weighs and conveys the concentrated feed from the corresponding hopper 5 to the spraying device 3. The spraying device 3 sprays molasses onto the concentrated feed, coating its surface with a layer of molasses. The output end of the spraying device 3 is connected to the first inlet 41 of the ribbon mixer 4. The second metering and conveying device 2 weighs and conveys the forage from the corresponding hopper 5 through the second inlet 42 of the ribbon mixer 4 to the ribbon mixer 4. The ribbon mixer 4 mixes the concentrated feed and forage into feed and outputs it.

[0030] To facilitate the addition of other flaked crops and ensure the feed has comprehensive nutrition, in this embodiment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the forage adding equipment also includes a third metering and conveying device 6 and a fourth metering and conveying device 7. Flaked corn and flaked barley are also stored in the corresponding silos 5. The third metering and conveying device 6 is used to weigh and convey the flaked corn from the corresponding silos 5 to the spraying device 3, and the fourth metering and conveying device 7 is used to weigh and convey the flaked barley from the corresponding silos 5 to the spraying device 3.

[0031] To ensure the stable and reliable addition of each raw material, in this embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the supplementary feed is stored in two silos 5, and the flaked corn, flaked barley, and hay are stored in one silo 5 respectively. The automatic gate 51 is a pneumatic valve. The silo 5 is equipped with a cleaning vibrator 52, a high level sensor 53, and a low level sensor 54. The first metering conveyor 1, the second metering conveyor 2, the third metering conveyor 6, and the fourth metering conveyor 7 are all electronic belt scales. A transition hopper 8 is provided between the corresponding electronic belt scale and the outlet of the silo 5. The transition hopper 8 effectively avoids the impact of the material discharged from the silo 5 on the weighing of the electronic belt scale, and greatly improves the accuracy of weighing and measurement.

[0032] To ensure uniform and stable molasses spraying, in this embodiment, as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the spraying device 3 includes a housing 31 and a hollow shaft 32. A storage hopper 33 is disposed above the housing 31. A leveling disc 34 and a patterned disc assembly 35 are rotatably disposed inside the housing 31. One end of the hollow shaft 32 passes through the leveling disc 34 and is fixedly connected to it. The other end of the hollow shaft 32 is located outside the storage hopper 33 and is driven to rotate by a first driving mechanism 36. The leveling disc 34 and the hollow shaft 32 are both disposed directly above the patterned disc assembly 35. The patterned disc assembly 35 includes a rotating shaft 351 and multiple patterned discs 352. The multiple patterned discs 352 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom on the rotating shaft 351 at intervals. The patterned discs 352 are concave downwards and have toothed edges. The rotating shaft 351 is driven to rotate by a second driving mechanism 37. The input end of the first metering conveying device 1 is connected to the outlet of the fine supplement hopper 5. The input end of the third metering conveying device 6 is connected to the outlet of the flaked corn hopper 5. The fourth metering conveying device 1... The input end of device 7 is connected to the outlet of the hopper 5 of the flaked barley. The output ends of the first metering conveyor 1, the third metering conveyor 6, and the fourth metering conveyor 7 are all connected to the storage hopper 33. The storage hopper 33 is connected to the leveling plate 34. Molasses is introduced into the hollow shaft 32 at the end away from the leveling plate 34 through the adapter 38. That is, the supplementary feed, flaked corn, and flaked barley are initially mixed into a mixture in the storage hopper 33. The mixture falls onto the leveling plate 34 by its own gravity. The rotating disc 34 uses centrifugal force to spread the granular mixture inside the shell 31 to the surrounding area. At the same time, the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotating disc 352 throws the molasses falling into the disc 352 to the edge of the disc 352. The molasses is then dispersed by the toothed edge of the disc 352 to form extremely fine droplets. With the help of centrifugal force, the atomized molasses is spread to the surface of the mixture around it. In this way, the centrifugal atomization principle is cleverly used to achieve uniform spraying of molasses onto the granular material (a mixture of refined feed, flaked corn and flaked barley).

[0033] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a forage addition process for calf feed includes the following steps:

[0034] S1. Granular feed is weighed and measured by the first metering and conveying device 1; forage is weighed and measured by the second metering and conveying device 2; Step S1 in this embodiment also includes weighing and measuring flaked corn by the third metering and conveying device 6 and flaked barley by the fourth metering and conveying device 7; The weight percentage of the feed is c, and 65%≤c≤70%, the weight percentage of the flaked corn is d, and 20%≤d≤30%, the weight percentage of the flaked barley is e, and 5%≤e≤10%, and c+d+e=100%; The weight percentage of the feed, flaked corn and flaked barley in this embodiment is 7:2:1;

[0035] S2. The first metering and conveying device 1 conveys the metered concentrated supplementary feed to the spraying device 3, and the spraying device 3 sprays molasses on the concentrated supplementary feed to coat the surface of the concentrated supplementary feed with a layer of molasses. Specifically, in step S2 of this embodiment, the metered concentrated supplementary feed, flaked corn and flaked barley are preliminarily mixed into a mixture in the storage hopper 33, and the mixture falls onto the material leveling plate 34 by its own gravity. The material leveling plate 34 rotates to scatter the granular mixture around in the housing 31 by centrifugal force. At the same time, by using the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotating flower plate 352, the molasses falling into the flower plate 352 is thrown to the edge of the flower plate 352 and is broken up into extremely fine droplets through the teeth at the edge of the flower plate 352, and the atomized molasses is scattered onto the surface of the surrounding mixture by centrifugal force, that is, the centrifugal atomization principle is skillfully used to achieve uniform spraying of molasses on the granular material (the mixture of concentrated supplementary feed, flaked corn and flaked barley).

[0036] S3. The concentrated supplementary feed coated with molasses is conveyed to the spiral ribbon mixer 4. Specifically, in this embodiment, the mixture (concentrated supplementary feed, flaked corn and flaked barley) coated with molasses is conveyed to the spiral ribbon mixer 4, and the second metering and conveying device 2 conveys the metered forage to the spiral ribbon mixer 4. The spiral ribbon mixer 4 mixes the metered forage with the mixture coated with molasses into feed and outputs it.

[0037] Specifically, in this embodiment, the weight ratio range of the added amount of molasses in the feed is a, and 0.5% ≤ a ≤ 1.5%. In this embodiment, a is 1%, which not only avoids the adhesion between the granular mixtures, but also ensures that the forage is coated on the surface of the mixture with molasses as the binder. Specifically, in this embodiment, the weight ratio range of the added amount of forage in the feed is b, and 0 < b ≤ 10%. In this embodiment, b is 10%, which meets the added amount of forage and ensures that the forage is completely coated on the surface of the mixture with molasses as the binder.

[0038] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forage addition process for calf feed, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. The granular concentrate supplement is weighed and metered by the first metering and conveying device (1); the forage is weighed and metered by the second metering and conveying device (2). S2. The first metering and conveying device (1) conveys the metered concentrate supplement to the spraying device (3), and the spraying device (3) sprays molasses on the concentrate supplement so that a layer of molasses is wrapped on the surface of the concentrate supplement. S3. The concentrate supplement wrapped with molasses is conveyed to the ribbon mixer (4), and the second metering and conveying device (2) conveys the metered forage to the ribbon mixer (4); the ribbon mixer (4) mixes the metered forage with the concentrate supplement wrapped with molasses into feed and outputs it. In step S1, it further includes that the flaked corn is weighed and metered by the third metering and conveying device (6), and the flaked barley is weighed and metered by the fourth metering and conveying device (7); in step S2, after the metered concentrate supplement, flaked corn and flaked barley are mixed, they are then conveyed to the spraying device (3); the proportion range of the added amount of the molasses in the feed is a, and 0.5% ≤ a ≤ 1.5%; the proportion range of the added amount of the forage in the feed is b, and 0 < b ≤ 10%; in step S1, the weight proportion range of the concentrate supplement is c, and 65% ≤ c ≤ 70%, the weight proportion range of the flaked corn is d, and 20% ≤ d ≤ 30%, the weight proportion range of the flaked barley is e, and 5% ≤ e ≤ 10%, and c + d + e = 100%. The forage adding equipment used in the forage adding process of the calf feed includes the first metering and conveying device (1), the second metering and conveying device (2), the spraying device (3), the ribbon mixer (4) and multiple bins (5). The concentrate supplement and the forage are respectively stored in the corresponding bins (5), and an automatic gate (51) is arranged at the outlet of the bin (5); the first metering and conveying device (1) is used to weigh and meter the concentrate supplement from the corresponding bin (5) and convey it into the spraying device (3), the spraying device (3) is used to spray molasses on the concentrate supplement so that a layer of molasses is wrapped on the surface of the concentrate supplement, the output end of the spraying device (3) is connected to the first inlet (41) of the ribbon mixer (4), the second metering and conveying device (2) is used to weigh and meter the forage from the corresponding bin (5) and convey it into the ribbon mixer (4) through the second inlet (42) of the ribbon mixer (4), and the ribbon mixer (4) is used to mix the concentrate supplement and the forage into feed and output it. The spraying device (3) includes a housing (31) and a hollow shaft (32). A storage hopper (33) is provided above the housing (31). A material leveling disc (34) and a pattern disc assembly (35) are rotatably arranged inside the housing (31). One end of the hollow shaft (32) passes through the material leveling disc (34) and is fixedly connected to the material leveling disc (34). The other end of the hollow shaft (32) is located outside the storage hopper (33) and is driven by a first drive mechanism (36). The material distribution disc (34) and the hollow shaft (32) are both positioned directly above the flower disc assembly (35). The flower disc assembly (35) includes a rotating shaft (351) and multiple flower discs (352). The multiple flower discs (352) are arranged sequentially from top to bottom on the rotating shaft (351). The flower discs (352) are recessed downwards and have serrated edges. The rotating shaft (351) is driven to rotate by a second driving mechanism (37). In step S2, the metered fine feed, flaked corn and flaked barley are initially mixed into a mixture in the storage hopper (33). The mixture falls onto the uniform feed plate (34) by its own gravity. The uniform feed plate (34) rotates and uses centrifugal force to spread the granular mixture in the shell (31) to the surrounding area. At the same time, the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotating flower disc (352) throws the molasses in the flower disc (352) to the edge of the flower disc (352) and disperses it into extremely fine mist droplets through the toothed edge of the flower disc (352). With the help of centrifugal force, the atomized molasses is spread to the surface of the mixture around the surrounding area, so as to achieve uniform spraying of molasses onto the granular material.

2. The forage addition process for calf feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forage addition equipment also includes a third metering and conveying device (6) and a fourth metering and conveying device (7). Flaked corn and flaked barley are also stored in the corresponding silos (5). The third metering and conveying device (6) is used to weigh and convey the flaked corn from the corresponding silos (5) to the spraying device (3). The fourth metering and conveying device (7) is used to weigh and convey the flaked barley from the corresponding silos (5) to the spraying device (3).

3. The forage addition process for calf feed according to claim 2, characterized in that: The supplementary feed is stored in two silos (5), and the flaked corn, flaked barley and hay are stored in one silo (5).

4. The forage addition process for calf feed according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The automatic gate (51) is a pneumatic valve; a cleaning vibrator (52) is installed on the silo (5); the first metering conveyor (1), the second metering conveyor (2), the third metering conveyor (6) and the fourth metering conveyor (7) are all electronic belt scales; a transition hopper (8) is provided between the electronic belt scales and the outlet of the silo (5) of each group.

5. The forage addition process for calf feed according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The input end of the first metering conveying device (1) is connected to the outlet of the feed bin (5) for fine feed, the input end of the third metering conveying device (6) is connected to the outlet of the feed bin (5) for flaked corn, and the input end of the fourth metering conveying device (7) is connected to the outlet of the feed bin (5) for flaked barley. The output ends of the first metering conveying device (1), the third metering conveying device (6) and the fourth metering conveying device (7) are all connected to the storage hopper (33). The storage hopper (33) is connected to the uniform feed plate (34), and the end of the hollow shaft (32) away from the uniform feed plate (34) is connected to molasses through the adapter (38).

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