Quality inspection method and system for substation 3D design model

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for quality inspection of a three-dimensional design model of a substation, comprising obtaining actual three-dimensional data of a target substation and converting the data into a data type with the same attributes as the three-dimensional design model of the substation; determining the main structure and key components of the three-dimensional design model of the substation and expressing them with geometric bodies; aligning the expression content with the processed actual three-dimensional data of the substation; selecting key points of the geometric bodies in the expression content and calculating the distance between the key points; calculating the total positioning error and total dimensional error of the three-dimensional design model of the substation, and completing the quality inspection of the three-dimensional design model of the substation based on the calculation results. The present invention also discloses a system for implementing the quality inspection method of the three-dimensional design model of the substation. The present invention not only can realize the quality inspection of the three-dimensional design model of the substation and improve the quality and application of the three-dimensional design model of the substation, but also has good objectivity, high accuracy and high efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of three-dimensional design of substations, and in particular relates to a quality detection method and system for a three-dimensional design model of a substation. Background Art

[0002] With the development of economy and technology and the improvement of people's living standards, electricity has become an indispensable secondary energy source in people's production and life, bringing endless convenience to people's production and life. Therefore, ensuring a stable and reliable supply of electricity has become one of the most important tasks of the power system.

[0003] Currently, power system substation design has entered the era of 3D design. In recent years, power design institutes nationwide have begun integrating 3D design content into high-voltage substation design projects, constructing full-station 3D design models. As model libraries improve, this has been extended to low-voltage substations. Currently, the primary role of 3D substation design is limited to the design phase itself. Its value lies in improving collaboration among different disciplines, particularly pipeline design, thereby increasing design efficiency.

[0004] Substation 3D design models are potentially valuable data, so power systems expect them to continue to be useful after being handed over to operations and maintenance. However, due to different requirements for substation 3D models during the design and operations phases, 3D substation models produced during the design phase cannot be directly applied during the operations and maintenance phase. Therefore, quality inspection of substation 3D design models is particularly important.

[0005] However, the current quality inspection of substation 3D design models is still carried out manually. This manual inspection method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also lacks unified inspection standards and is highly subjective, making it unable to meet current usage requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0006] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a method for quality inspection of a three-dimensional design model of a substation with good objectivity, high accuracy and high efficiency.

[0007] A second object of the present invention is to provide a system for implementing the quality inspection method of the substation three-dimensional design model.

[0008] The quality inspection method of the substation three-dimensional design model provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1. Obtain the actual three-dimensional data of the target substation;

[0010] S2. The actual three-dimensional data of the substation obtained in step S1 is processed and converted into a data type with the same attributes as the three-dimensional design model of the substation;

[0011] S3. According to the data obtained in step S2 and the application requirements of the substation three-dimensional design model in the operation and maintenance stage, determine the main structure and key components of the substation three-dimensional design model;

[0012] S4. The main structure and key components determined in step S3 are expressed individually or in combination using the set geometry;

[0013] S5. Align the main structure and key components obtained in step S4 with the actual three-dimensional data of the substation after processing;

[0014] S6. Select key points of each geometric body in the expression content, and calculate the distance between the key points in each geometric body and the corresponding points in the actual three-dimensional data of the processed substation;

[0015] S7. According to the distance value obtained in step S6, the total positioning error and total dimensional error of the substation three-dimensional design model are calculated;

[0016] S8. Complete the quality inspection of the substation 3D design model based on the total positioning error and total dimensional error obtained in step S7.

[0017] The actual three-dimensional data of the target substation described in step S1 is obtained by using a laser radar with a set accuracy to obtain three-dimensional point cloud data of the target substation site.

[0018] Step S2 is described in which the actual three-dimensional data of the substation obtained in step S1 is processed and converted into a data type with the same attributes as the three-dimensional design model of the substation. Specifically, the three-dimensional point cloud data of the substation site obtained in step S1 is converted into a data type with the same attributes as the three-dimensional design model of the substation, thereby realizing the synchronous loading and display of the three-dimensional design model of the substation and the three-dimensional point cloud data of the substation site in a unified three-dimensional space.

[0019] Step S4, in which the main structure and key components determined in step S3 are expressed individually or in combination using set geometric bodies, specifically includes the following steps:

[0020] The main structure and key components determined in step S3 are expressed using the set geometric bodies;

[0021] The set geometric bodies include cuboids, cylinders, spheres and cones;

[0022] If the main structure and key components can be expressed by a single geometric body, then the main structure and key components will be expressed by a single geometric body; if the main structure and key components cannot be expressed by a single geometric body, then the main structure and key components will be split and each part obtained by the split will be expressed by a single geometric body.

[0023] Step S5, in which the expression contents of the main structure and key components obtained in step S4 are aligned with the processed actual three-dimensional data of the substation, specifically comprises the following steps:

[0024] If the expression content is a cuboid, the data is aligned in the XY plane, XZ plane, and YZ plane in turn;

[0025] If the content is a cylinder, the data is aligned in order of the bottom surface, top surface and cylinder axis;

[0026] If the content is a sphere, the data will be aligned according to the center and radius.

[0027] If the expression content is a cone, the data is aligned in sequence according to the base, vertex and cone axis.

[0028] The step S6 of selecting key points of each geometric body in the expression content and calculating the distance between the key points in each geometric body and the corresponding points in the processed actual three-dimensional data of the substation specifically includes the following steps:

[0029] A. If the expression is a cuboid, select the center points of the six faces of the cuboid as key points, and calculate the distances between the six key points and the corresponding points in the processed actual 3D data of the substation to obtain distance values CD1 to CD6;

[0030] If the expression is a cylinder, the center of the bottom surface, the center of the top surface, and the center of the cylinder axis are selected as key points. The distances between the three key points and the corresponding points in the processed actual 3D data of the substation are calculated to obtain distance values SO1 to SO3.

[0031] If the expression is a sphere, the center of the circle and the vertex of the sphere in the Z-axis direction are selected as key points, and the distances between the two key points and the corresponding points in the processed actual 3D data of the substation are calculated to obtain the distance values BO1 and BO2;

[0032] If the expression is a cone, the center of the base and the vertex are selected as key points, and the distances between the two key points and the corresponding points in the processed actual 3D data of the substation are calculated to obtain the distance values CO1 and CO2;

[0033] B. In the three-dimensional design model of the substation, a main structure M is selected and the center point of the main structure M is selected; the distances between the center points of the remaining n-1 structures and the center point of the main structure M are calculated, and the set of design center point distance values D1 is obtained as D1 = {D 1,1 ,D 1,2 ,...,D 1,i ,...,D 1,n-1}; Among them, D 1,i is the distance between the center point of the remaining i-th structure and the center point of the main structure M, and n is the total number of structures in the 3D design model of the substation;

[0034] In the actual three-dimensional data of the processed substation, the corresponding main structure M' is selected, and the center point of the main structure M' is selected; the distance between the center points of the remaining n-1 structures and the center point of the main structure M' is calculated, and the actual center point distance value set D2 is obtained as D2 = {D 2,1 ,D 2,2 ,...,D 2,i ,...,D 2,n-1}; Among them, D 2,i is the distance between the center point of the remaining i-th structure and the center point of the main structure M', and n is the total number of structures in the actual 3D data of the substation after processing.

[0035] Step S7, in which the total positioning error and the total dimensional error of the substation three-dimensional design model are calculated based on the distance value obtained in step S6, specifically includes the following steps:

[0036] a. Calculate the total positioning error based on the distance value obtained in step S6:

[0037] D i =|D 1,i -D 2,i |

[0038] Where D i is the positioning error of the i-th structure; D 1,i is the distance between the center point of the i-th structure remaining except the main structure M and the center point of the main structure M in the three-dimensional design model of the substation; D 2,i is the distance between the center point of the i-th structure remaining except the main structure M' and the center point of the main structure M' in the actual 3D data of the substation after processing;

[0039] Select all positioning errors D1~D n-1 The positioning error with the largest value is taken as the total positioning error D;

[0040] b. Calculate the total size error based on the distance value obtained in step S6:

[0041] If the content is a cuboid, the following formula is used to calculate the cuboid size error E CD :

[0042]

[0043] Chinese CD max is the maximum value among the distance values CD1 to CD6; CD min is the minimum value among the distance values CD1 to CD6; CD mean is the average value of distance values CD1 to CD6;

[0044] If the expression is a cylinder, use the following formula to calculate the cylinder size error E SO :

[0045]

[0046] Where SO max is the maximum value among the distance values SO1 to SO3; SO min is the minimum value among the distance values SO1 to SO3; SO mean is the average value of distance values SO1 to SO3;

[0047] If the expression content is a sphere, after aligning the sphere center in the unified three-dimensional space, select the vertices of the sphere in the Z-axis direction as key points, calculate the distance between the key points in the three-dimensional design model of the substation and the key points in the processed actual three-dimensional data of the substation, and obtain the sphere size error E BO ;

[0048] If the expression content is a cone, after aligning the center of the bottom circle in a unified three-dimensional space, select the vertex as the key point, calculate the distance between the key point in the three-dimensional design model of the substation and the key point in the processed actual three-dimensional data of the substation, and obtain the cone size error E CO ;

[0049] Select the rectangular parallelepiped size error E CD , Cylinder size error E SO , sphere size error E BO and cone size error E CO The dimensional error with the largest value is taken as the total dimensional error E.

[0050] Step S8, based on the total positioning error and total dimensional error obtained in step S7, completes the quality inspection of the substation three-dimensional design model, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0051] (1) Based on the total positioning error D obtained in step S7 and the total dimensional error E obtained in step b, the following rules are used to grade the positioning accuracy and dimensional accuracy:

[0052] Positioning accuracy rating:

[0053] If the application requirements are met, the specific accuracy is not assessed, there are no logical errors in the positioning, and the similarity requirements are met, the positioning accuracy rating is level one;

[0054] If the total positioning error D meets the meter level or below, the positioning accuracy rating is level 2;

[0055] If the total positioning error D meets the half-meter level of accuracy, the positioning accuracy rating is level three;

[0056] If the total positioning error D meets the decimeter level accuracy, the positioning accuracy rating is level four;

[0057] If the total positioning error D meets the centimeter level or above, the positioning accuracy rating is level five;

[0058] Dimensional Accuracy Rating:

[0059] If the application requirements are met, the specific accuracy is not assessed, there are no logical errors in the dimensions, and the similarity requirements are met, the dimensional accuracy rating is level one;

[0060] If the total dimensional error E meets the accuracy of half a meter or less, the dimensional accuracy rating is level two;

[0061] If the total dimensional error E meets the decimeter level of accuracy, the dimensional accuracy rating is level three;

[0062] If the total dimensional error E meets centimeter-level accuracy, the dimensional accuracy rating is level four;

[0063] If the total dimensional error E meets the accuracy of 5 mm or above, the dimensional accuracy rating is level five;

[0064] (2) Based on the positioning accuracy rating and dimensional accuracy rating obtained in step (1), the following rules are used to complete the quality inspection of the substation 3D design model:

[0065] Analyze the requirements for positioning accuracy and dimensional precision in the application of substation 3D design models;

[0066] According to the determined requirements, the following rules are used to perform quality inspection on the substation 3D design model:

[0067] If the positioning accuracy rating and dimensional accuracy rating of the substation 3D design model are both equal to the required ratings, the quality of the substation 3D design model is deemed to be acceptable;

[0068] If either the positioning accuracy rating or the dimensional accuracy rating of the substation 3D design model is higher than the required rating and the other is equal to the required rating, or both are higher than the required rating, the quality of the substation 3D design model is considered excellent;

[0069] If any of the positioning accuracy rating and dimensional accuracy rating of the substation 3D design model is lower than the required rating, the quality of the substation 3D design model is deemed unqualified.

[0070] The present invention also provides a system for implementing the quality inspection method of the substation three-dimensional design model, comprising a data acquisition module, a data conversion module, a structural component confirmation module, a geometric expression module, a data alignment module, a distance calculation module, an error calculation module and a quality inspection module; the data acquisition module, the data conversion module, the structural component confirmation module, the geometric expression module, the data alignment module, the distance calculation module, the error calculation module and the quality inspection module are connected in series in sequence; the data acquisition module is used to acquire the actual three-dimensional data of the target substation and upload the data to the data conversion module; the data conversion module is used to process the received actual three-dimensional data of the substation and convert it into a data type with the same attributes as the substation three-dimensional design model according to the received data, and upload the data to the structural component confirmation module; the structural component confirmation module is used to determine the main structure and key components, and upload the data to the geometric expression module; the geometric expression module is used to express the determined main structure and key components separately or in combination using the set geometric bodies according to the received data, and upload the data to the data alignment module; the data alignment module is used to align the expression content of the main structure and key components with the actual three-dimensional data of the processed substation according to the received data, and upload the data to the distance calculation module; the distance calculation module is used to select the key points of each geometric body in the expression content according to the received data, calculate the distance between the key points in each geometric body and the corresponding points in the actual three-dimensional data of the processed substation, and upload the data to the error calculation module; the error calculation module is used to calculate the total positioning error and total size error of the substation three-dimensional design model according to the received data, and upload the data to the quality inspection module; the quality inspection module is used to complete the quality inspection of the substation three-dimensional design model according to the received data.

[0071] The quality inspection method and system of the substation three-dimensional design model provided by the present invention propose a quantitative evaluation scheme for the dimensional accuracy and positioning accuracy of the three-dimensional design model and a corresponding quality inspection method for the substation three-dimensional design model. It can not only realize the quality inspection of the substation three-dimensional design model and improve the quality and application of the substation three-dimensional design model, but also has good objectivity, high accuracy and high efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0072] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the method of the present invention.

[0073] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the system function modules of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0074] like Figure 1 The method flow diagram of the present invention is shown as follows: The quality inspection method of the substation three-dimensional design model provided by the present invention includes the following steps:

[0075] S1. Acquire the actual 3D data of the target substation; specifically, use a high-precision LiDAR with a set accuracy to acquire the 3D point cloud data of the target substation site.

[0076] S2. Processing the actual 3D data of the substation obtained in step S1 and converting it into a data type with the same attributes as the 3D design model of the substation; specifically, converting the 3D point cloud data of the substation site obtained in step S1 into a data type with the same attributes as the 3D design model of the substation, thereby enabling simultaneous loading and display of the 3D design model of the substation and the 3D point cloud data of the substation site in a unified 3D space;

[0077] S3. According to the data obtained in step S2 and the application requirements of the substation three-dimensional design model in the operation and maintenance stage, determine the main structure and key components of the substation three-dimensional design model;

[0078] S4. The main structure and key components determined in step S3 are expressed individually or in combination using the set geometric bodies; specifically, the steps include:

[0079] The main structure and key components determined in step S3 are expressed using the set geometric bodies;

[0080] The set geometric bodies include cuboids, cylinders, spheres and cones;

[0081] If the main structure and key components can be expressed by a single geometric body, then the main structure and key components are expressed by a single geometric body; if the main structure and key components cannot be expressed by a single geometric body, then the main structure and key components are split and each part is expressed by a single geometric body;

[0082] S5. Align the main structure and key components obtained in step S4 with the actual three-dimensional data of the substation after processing; specifically, the following steps are included:

[0083] If the expression content is a cuboid, the data is aligned in the XY plane, XZ plane, and YZ plane in turn;

[0084] If the content is a cylinder, the data is aligned in order of the bottom surface, top surface and cylinder axis;

[0085] If the content is a sphere, the data will be aligned according to the center and radius.

[0086] If the content is a cone, the data is aligned in order of base, vertex and cone axis;

[0087] S6. Select key points of each geometric body in the expression content, and calculate the distance between the key points in each geometric body and the corresponding points in the processed actual three-dimensional data of the substation; specifically comprising the following steps:

[0088] A. If the expression is a cuboid, select the center points of the six faces of the cuboid as key points, and calculate the distances between the six key points and the corresponding points in the processed actual 3D data of the substation to obtain distance values CD1 to CD6;

[0089] If the expression is a cylinder, the center of the bottom surface, the center of the top surface, and the center of the cylinder axis are selected as key points. The distances between the three key points and the corresponding points in the processed actual 3D data of the substation are calculated to obtain distance values SO1 to SO3.

[0090] If the expression is a sphere, the center of the circle and the vertex of the sphere in the Z-axis direction are selected as key points, and the distances between the two key points and the corresponding points in the processed actual 3D data of the substation are calculated to obtain the distance values BO1 and BO2;

[0091] If the expression is a cone, the center of the base and the vertex are selected as key points, and the distances between the two key points and the corresponding points in the processed actual 3D data of the substation are calculated to obtain the distance values CO1 and CO2;

[0092] B. In the three-dimensional design model of the substation, a main structure M is selected and the center point of the main structure M is selected; the distances between the center points of the remaining n-1 structures and the center point of the main structure M are calculated, and the set of design center point distance values D1 is obtained as D1 = {D 1,1 ,D 1,2 ,...,D 1,i ,...,D 1,n-1}; Among them, D 1,i is the distance between the center point of the remaining i-th structure and the center point of the main structure M, and n is the total number of structures in the 3D design model of the substation;

[0093] In the actual three-dimensional data of the processed substation, the corresponding main structure M' is selected, and the center point of the main structure M' is selected; the distance between the center points of the remaining n-1 structures and the center point of the main structure M' is calculated, and the actual center point distance value set D2 is obtained as D2 = {D 2,1 ,D 2,2 ,...,D 2,i ,...,D 2,n-1}; Among them, D 2,i is the distance between the center point of the remaining i-th structure and the center point of the main structure M', and n is the total number of structures in the actual 3D data of the substation after processing;

[0094] S7. Calculate the total positioning error and total dimensional error of the substation three-dimensional design model based on the distance value obtained in step S6; specifically comprising the following steps:

[0095] a. Calculate the total positioning error based on the distance value obtained in step S6:

[0096] D i =|D 1,i -D 2,i |

[0097] Where D i is the positioning error of the i-th structure; D 1,i is the distance between the center point of the i-th structure remaining except the main structure M and the center point of the main structure M in the three-dimensional design model of the substation; D 2,i is the distance between the center point of the i-th structure remaining except the main structure M' and the center point of the main structure M' in the actual 3D data of the substation after processing;

[0098] Select all positioning errors D1~D n-1 The positioning error with the largest value is taken as the total positioning error D;

[0099] b. Calculate the total size error based on the distance value obtained in step S6:

[0100] If the content is a cuboid, the following formula is used to calculate the cuboid size error E CD :

[0101]

[0102] Chinese CD max is the maximum value among the distance values CD1 to CD6; CD min is the minimum value among the distance values CD1 to CD6; CD mean is the average value of distance values CD1 to CD6;

[0103] If the expression is a cylinder, use the following formula to calculate the cylinder size error E SO :

[0104]

[0105] Where SO max is the maximum value among the distance values SO1 to SO3; SO min is the minimum value among the distance values SO1 to SO3; SO mean is the average value of distance values SO1 to SO3;

[0106] If the expression content is a sphere, after aligning the sphere center in the unified three-dimensional space, select the vertices of the sphere in the Z-axis direction as key points, calculate the distance between the key points in the three-dimensional design model of the substation and the key points in the processed actual three-dimensional data of the substation, and obtain the sphere size error E BO ;

[0107] If the expression content is a cone, after aligning the center of the bottom circle in a unified three-dimensional space, select the vertex as the key point, calculate the distance between the key point in the three-dimensional design model of the substation and the key point in the processed actual three-dimensional data of the substation, and obtain the cone size error E CO ;

[0108] Select the rectangular parallelepiped size error E CD , Cylinder size error E SO , sphere size error E BO and cone size error E CO The dimensional error with the largest value is taken as the total dimensional error E;

[0109] S8. According to the total positioning error and total dimensional error obtained in step S7, the quality inspection of the three-dimensional design model of the substation is completed; specifically comprising the following steps:

[0110] (1) Based on the total positioning error D obtained in step S7 and the total dimensional error E obtained in step b, the following rules are used to grade the positioning accuracy and dimensional accuracy:

[0111] Positioning accuracy rating:

[0112] If the application requirements are met, the specific accuracy is not assessed, there are no logical errors in the positioning, and the similarity requirements are met, the positioning accuracy rating is level one;

[0113] If the total positioning error D meets the meter level or below, the positioning accuracy rating is level 2;

[0114] If the total positioning error D meets the half-meter level of accuracy, the positioning accuracy rating is level three;

[0115] If the total positioning error D meets the decimeter level accuracy, the positioning accuracy rating is level four;

[0116] If the total positioning error D meets the centimeter level or above, the positioning accuracy rating is level five;

[0117] Dimensional Accuracy Rating:

[0118] If the application requirements are met, the specific accuracy is not assessed, there are no logical errors in the dimensions, and the similarity requirements are met, the dimensional accuracy rating is level one;

[0119] If the total dimensional error E meets the accuracy of half a meter or less, the dimensional accuracy rating is level two;

[0120] If the total dimensional error E meets the decimeter level of accuracy, the dimensional accuracy rating is level three;

[0121] If the total dimensional error E meets centimeter-level accuracy, the dimensional accuracy rating is level four;

[0122] If the total dimensional error E meets the accuracy of 5 mm or above, the dimensional accuracy rating is level five;

[0123] (2) Based on the positioning accuracy rating and dimensional accuracy rating obtained in step (1), the following rules are used to complete the quality inspection of the substation 3D design model:

[0124] Analyze the requirements for positioning accuracy and dimensional precision in the application of substation 3D design models;

[0125] According to the determined requirements, the following rules are used to perform quality inspection on the substation 3D design model:

[0126] If the positioning accuracy rating and dimensional accuracy rating of the substation 3D design model are both equal to the required ratings, the quality of the substation 3D design model is deemed to be acceptable;

[0127] If either the positioning accuracy rating or the dimensional accuracy rating of the substation 3D design model is higher than the required rating and the other is equal to the required rating, or both are higher than the required rating, the quality of the substation 3D design model is considered excellent;

[0128] If any of the positioning accuracy rating and dimensional accuracy rating of the substation 3D design model is lower than the required rating, the quality of the substation 3D design model is deemed unqualified.

[0129] In practice, the typical uses of substation 3D design models can be summarized as follows: 1. 3D visualization; 2. Substation comprehensive data display; 3. Spatial distance measurement; 4. Training and assessment. The requirements for positioning accuracy and dimensional precision for each application are shown in Table 1 below:

[0130] Table 1 Schematic diagram of positioning accuracy and dimensional accuracy rating requirements for specific applications

[0131] Application Type Positioning accuracy requirements Dimensional accuracy requirements 3D visualization display Level 1 Level 1 Substation comprehensive data display Level 1 Level 1 Spatial distance measurement Level 4 Level 5 Training and Assessment Level 1 Level 4

[0132] like Figure 2 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the system function modules of the present invention: the system provided by the present invention for implementing the quality inspection method of the substation three-dimensional design model comprises a data acquisition module, a data conversion module, a structural component confirmation module, a geometric expression module, a data alignment module, a distance calculation module, an error calculation module and a quality inspection module; the data acquisition module, the data conversion module, the structural component confirmation module, the geometric expression module, the data alignment module, the distance calculation module, the error calculation module and the quality inspection module are connected in series in sequence; the data acquisition module is used to acquire the actual three-dimensional data of the target substation and upload the data to the data conversion module; the data conversion module is used to process the received actual three-dimensional data of the substation and convert it into a data type with the same attributes as the substation three-dimensional design model, and upload the data to the structural component confirmation module; the structural component confirmation module is used to determine the substation three-dimensional design model according to the received data and the application requirements of the substation three-dimensional design model in the operation and maintenance stage. The main structure and key components of the model are expressed separately or in combination using the set geometric bodies according to the received data, and the data is uploaded to the data alignment module; the data alignment module is used to align the expression content of the main structure and key components with the actual three-dimensional data of the processed substation according to the received data, and upload the data to the distance calculation module; the distance calculation module is used to select the key points of each geometric body in the expression content according to the received data, calculate the distance between the key points in each geometric body and the corresponding points in the actual three-dimensional data of the processed substation, and upload the data to the error calculation module; the error calculation module is used to calculate the total positioning error and total size error of the substation three-dimensional design model according to the received data, and upload the data to the quality detection module; the quality detection module is used to complete the quality detection of the substation three-dimensional design model according to the received data.

Claims

1. A method for quality inspection of a three-dimensional design model of a substation, comprising the following steps: S1. Obtain the actual three-dimensional data of the target substation; S2. The actual three-dimensional data of the substation obtained in step S1 is processed and converted into a data type with the same attributes as the three-dimensional design model of the substation; S3. According to the data obtained in step S2 and the application requirements of the substation three-dimensional design model in the operation and maintenance stage, determine the main structure and key components of the substation three-dimensional design model; S4. The main structure and key components determined in step S3 are expressed individually or in combination using the set geometry; S5. Align the main structure and key components obtained in step S4 with the actual three-dimensional data of the substation after processing; S6. Select key points of each geometric body in the expression content, and calculate the distance between the key points in each geometric body and the corresponding points in the actual three-dimensional data of the processed substation; S7. According to the distance value obtained in step S6, the total positioning error and total dimensional error of the substation three-dimensional design model are calculated; S8. Complete the quality inspection of the substation 3D design model based on the total positioning error and total dimensional error obtained in step S7.

2. The quality inspection method of the substation three-dimensional design model according to claim 1 is characterized in that The actual three-dimensional data of the target substation described in step S1 is obtained by using a laser radar with a set accuracy to obtain three-dimensional point cloud data of the target substation site.

3. The quality inspection method of the substation three-dimensional design model according to claim 2 is characterized in that Step S2 is described in which the actual three-dimensional data of the substation obtained in step S1 is processed and converted into a data type with the same attributes as the three-dimensional design model of the substation. Specifically, the three-dimensional point cloud data of the substation site obtained in step S1 is converted into a data type with the same attributes as the three-dimensional design model of the substation, thereby realizing the synchronous loading and display of the three-dimensional design model of the substation and the three-dimensional point cloud data of the substation site in a unified three-dimensional space.

4. The quality inspection method of the substation three-dimensional design model according to claim 3 is characterized in that Step S4, in which the main structure and key components determined in step S3 are expressed individually or in combination using set geometric bodies, specifically includes the following steps: The main structure and key components determined in step S3 are expressed using the set geometric bodies; The set geometric bodies include cuboids, cylinders, spheres and cones; If the main structure and key components can be expressed by a single geometric body, then the main structure and key components will be expressed by a single geometric body; if the main structure and key components cannot be expressed by a single geometric body, then the main structure and key components will be split and each part obtained by the split will be expressed by a single geometric body.

5. The quality inspection method of the substation three-dimensional design model according to claim 4 is characterized in that Step S5, in which the expression contents of the main structure and key components obtained in step S4 are aligned with the processed actual three-dimensional data of the substation, specifically comprises the following steps: If the expression content is a cuboid, the data is aligned in the XY plane, XZ plane, and YZ plane in turn; If the content is a cylinder, the data is aligned in order of the bottom surface, top surface and cylinder axis; If the content is a sphere, the data will be aligned according to the center and radius. If the expression content is a cone, the data is aligned in sequence according to the base, vertex and cone axis.

6. The quality inspection method of the substation three-dimensional design model according to claim 5 is characterized in that The step S6 of selecting key points of each geometric body in the expression content and calculating the distance between the key points in each geometric body and the corresponding points in the processed actual three-dimensional data of the substation specifically includes the following steps: A. If the expression is a cuboid, select the center points of the six faces of the cuboid as key points, and calculate the distances between the six key points and the corresponding points in the processed actual 3D data of the substation to obtain distance values CD1 to CD6; If the expression is a cylinder, the center of the bottom surface, the center of the top surface, and the center of the cylinder axis are selected as key points. The distances between the three key points and the corresponding points in the processed actual 3D data of the substation are calculated to obtain distance values SO1 to SO3. If the expression is a sphere, the center of the circle and the vertex of the sphere in the Z-axis direction are selected as key points, and the distances between the two key points and the corresponding points in the processed actual 3D data of the substation are calculated to obtain the distance values BO1 and BO2; If the expression is a cone, the center of the base and the vertex are selected as key points, and the distances between the two key points and the corresponding points in the processed actual 3D data of the substation are calculated to obtain the distance values CO1 and CO2; B. In the three-dimensional design model of the substation, a main structure M is selected and the center point of the main structure M is selected; the distances between the center points of the remaining n-1 structures and the center point of the main structure M are calculated, and the set of design center point distance values D1 is obtained as D1 = {D 1,1 ,D 1,2 ,...,D 1,i ,...,D 1,n-1 }; Among them, D 1,i is the distance between the center point of the remaining i-th structure and the center point of the main structure M, and n is the total number of structures in the 3D design model of the substation; In the actual three-dimensional data of the processed substation, the corresponding main structure M' is selected, and the center point of the main structure M' is selected; the distance between the center points of the remaining n-1 structures and the center point of the main structure M' is calculated, and the actual center point distance value set D2 is obtained as D2 = {D 2,1 ,D 2,2 ,...,D 2,i ,...,D 2,n-1 }; Among them, D 2,i is the distance between the center point of the remaining i-th structure and the center point of the main structure M', and n is the total number of structures in the actual 3D data of the substation after processing.

7. The quality inspection method of the substation three-dimensional design model according to claim 6 is characterized in that Step S7, in which the total positioning error and the total dimensional error of the substation three-dimensional design model are calculated based on the distance value obtained in step S6, specifically includes the following steps: a. Calculate the total positioning error based on the distance value obtained in step S6: D i =|D 1,i -D 2,i | Where D i is the positioning error of the i-th structure; D 1,i is the distance between the center point of the i-th structure remaining except the main structure M and the center point of the main structure M in the three-dimensional design model of the substation; D 2,i is the distance between the center point of the i-th structure remaining except the main structure M' and the center point of the main structure M' in the actual 3D data of the substation after processing; Select all positioning errors D1~D n-1 The positioning error with the largest value is taken as the total positioning error D; b. Calculate the total size error based on the distance value obtained in step S6: If the content is a cuboid, the following formula is used to calculate the cuboid size error E CD : Chinese CD max is the maximum value among the distance values CD1 to CD6; CD min is the minimum value among the distance values CD1 to CD6; CD mean is the average value of distance values CD1 to CD6; If the expression is a cylinder, use the following formula to calculate the cylinder size error E SO : Where SO max is the maximum value among the distance values SO1 to SO3; SO min is the minimum value among the distance values SO1 to SO3; SO mean is the average value of distance values SO1 to SO3; If the expression content is a sphere, after aligning the sphere center in the unified three-dimensional space, select the vertices of the sphere in the Z-axis direction as key points, calculate the distance between the key points in the three-dimensional design model of the substation and the key points in the processed actual three-dimensional data of the substation, and obtain the sphere size error E BO ; If the expression content is a cone, after aligning the center of the bottom circle in a unified three-dimensional space, select the vertex as the key point, calculate the distance between the key point in the three-dimensional design model of the substation and the key point in the processed actual three-dimensional data of the substation, and obtain the cone size error E CO ; Select the rectangular parallelepiped size error E CD , Cylinder size error E SO , sphere size error E BO and cone size error E CO The dimensional error with the largest value is taken as the total dimensional error E.

8. The quality inspection method of the substation three-dimensional design model according to claim 7 is characterized in that Step S8, based on the total positioning error and total dimensional error obtained in step S7, completes the quality inspection of the substation three-dimensional design model, which specifically includes the following steps: (1) Based on the total positioning error D obtained in step S7 and the total dimensional error E obtained in step b, the following rules are used to grade the positioning accuracy and dimensional accuracy: Positioning accuracy rating: If the application requirements are met, the specific accuracy is not assessed, there are no logical errors in the positioning, and the similarity requirements are met, the positioning accuracy rating is level one; If the total positioning error D meets the meter level or below, the positioning accuracy rating is level 2; If the total positioning error D meets the half-meter level of accuracy, the positioning accuracy rating is level three; If the total positioning error D meets the decimeter level accuracy, the positioning accuracy rating is level four; If the total positioning error D meets the centimeter level or above, the positioning accuracy rating is level five; Dimensional Accuracy Rating: If the application requirements are met, the specific accuracy is not assessed, there are no logical errors in the dimensions, and the similarity requirements are met, the dimensional accuracy rating is level one; If the total dimensional error E meets the accuracy of half a meter or less, the dimensional accuracy rating is level two; If the total dimensional error E meets the decimeter level of accuracy, the dimensional accuracy rating is level three; If the total dimensional error E meets centimeter-level accuracy, the dimensional accuracy rating is level four; If the total dimensional error E meets the accuracy of 5 mm or above, the dimensional accuracy rating is level five; (2) Based on the positioning accuracy rating and dimensional accuracy rating obtained in step (1), the following rules are used to complete the quality inspection of the substation 3D design model: Analyze the requirements for positioning accuracy and dimensional precision in the application of substation 3D design models; According to the determined requirements, the following rules are used to perform quality inspection on the substation 3D design model: If the positioning accuracy rating and dimensional accuracy rating of the substation 3D design model are both equal to the required ratings, the quality of the substation 3D design model is deemed to be acceptable; If either the positioning accuracy rating or the dimensional accuracy rating of the substation 3D design model is higher than the required rating and the other is equal to the required rating, or both are higher than the required rating, the quality of the substation 3D design model is considered excellent; If any of the positioning accuracy rating and dimensional accuracy rating of the substation 3D design model is lower than the required rating, the quality of the substation 3D design model is deemed unqualified.

9. A system for implementing the quality inspection method of a substation three-dimensional design model according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that It includes a data acquisition module, a data conversion module, a structural component confirmation module, a geometric expression module, a data alignment module, a distance calculation module, an error calculation module and a quality detection module; the data acquisition module, the data conversion module, the structural component confirmation module, the geometric expression module, the data alignment module, the distance calculation module, the error calculation module and the quality detection module are connected in series in sequence; the data acquisition module is used to obtain the actual three-dimensional data of the target substation and upload the data to the data conversion module; the data conversion module is used to process the received actual three-dimensional data of the substation and convert it into a data type with the same attributes as the three-dimensional design model of the substation according to the received data, and upload the data to the structural component confirmation module; The structural component confirmation module is used to determine the main structure and key components of the substation 3D design model based on the received data and the application requirements of the substation 3D design model in the operation and maintenance phase, and upload the data to the geometric expression module; the geometric expression module is used to express the determined main structure and key components individually or in combination using the set geometric bodies based on the received data, and upload the data to the data alignment module; The data alignment module is used to align the expression content of the main structure and key components with the processed actual three-dimensional data of the substation based on the received data, and upload the data to the distance calculation module; The distance calculation module is used to select the key points of each geometric body in the expression content based on the received data, calculate the distance between the key points in each geometric body and the corresponding points in the processed actual three-dimensional data of the substation, and upload the data to the error calculation module; The error calculation module is used to calculate the total positioning error and total dimensional error of the substation 3D design model based on the received data, and upload the data to the quality inspection module; The quality inspection module is used to complete the quality inspection of the substation three-dimensional design model based on the received data.

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