An information fusion-based grease filling management method for rolling bearings

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on information fusion's rolling bearing grease filling management method, it is applied to equipment maintenance technical field.Therein, method according to the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal of the rolling bearing to be detected Fault characteristic frequency and fault characteristic frequency amplitude, determine the wear information of the rolling bearing to be detected;If wear information includes the visible wear trace feature of the rolling bearing to be detected is characterized, according to the wear state and the characteristic frequency amplitude corresponding relationship of the fault characteristic frequency amplitude of envelope demodulation spectrum, determine whether the rolling bearing to be detected needs to replace solid lubricating material or needs to fill solid lubricating material;If the rolling bearing to be detected needs to fill solid lubricating material, based on the change rule of the acoustic emission signal generated by the friction of the rolling bearing to be detected Determine the filling amount of solid lubricating material, so that the rolling bearing can be accurately judged whether it needs to replace solid lubricating material or needs to fill lubricating material, and quantitative filling can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of equipment maintenance, and in particular to a rolling bearing grease filling management method based on information fusion. Background Technology

[0002] Lubrication material testing is a crucial component of equipment operation and maintenance, impacting factors such as normal equipment operation, reduced wear, extended maintenance cycles and lifespan, lower production costs, and improved economic efficiency. Bearings, such as rolling bearings, are indispensable components in mechanical equipment. They support rotating parts, reduce the coefficient of friction during movement, and ensure rotational accuracy. Lubricating materials, such as grease, are added to bearings to separate the contact surfaces of relatively moving parts, thereby reducing friction. However, to ensure bearing performance, the amount of lubricating material inside the bearing needs to be appropriate and minimally contaminated. For example, insufficient grease can lead to dry friction, affecting bearing lifespan; excessive grease hinders heat dissipation, causing increased bearing temperature and deteriorating lubrication; and grease contamination by metal shavings can also exacerbate bearing wear. Therefore, testing the amount and contamination status of the lubricating material inside the bearing is essential for its operation.

[0003] For detecting the solid lubricant filling in rolling bearings, the relevant techniques typically estimate the amount of solid lubricant by measuring the bearing's outer diameter and width, similar to estimating grease filling based on these measurements. This method is only suitable for adding solid lubricant to new rolling bearings or replacing solid lubricant in old bearings, and the determined amount has a wide adjustable range. When equipment is running low on solid lubricant or the solid lubricant is contaminated, these techniques cannot guide the quantitative addition of solid lubricant, nor can they determine the contamination status of the solid lubricant to assess whether replacement is necessary.

[0004] Therefore, how to accurately detect the filling amount and contamination status of solid lubricating material in rolling bearings, ensure the stable operation of rolling bearings, and reduce the risk of failure in rolling bearing operation is a technical problem that needs to be solved by technicians in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a rolling bearing grease filling management method, device, electronic device, and readable storage medium based on information fusion, which enables accurate detection of the filling amount and contamination status of solid lubricating material in rolling bearings, which helps ensure the stable operation of rolling bearings and can effectively reduce the risk of rolling bearing failure.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0007] One embodiment of the present invention provides a rolling bearing grease filling management method based on information fusion, comprising:

[0008] Based on preset wear rules, the wear information of the rolling bearing under test is determined according to the fault characteristic frequency and fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal of the rolling bearing under test.

[0009] If the wear information includes characteristics that indicate that the rolling bearing under test has visible wear marks, the corresponding relationship between the wear state and the characteristic frequency amplitude of the fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum is used to determine whether the rolling bearing under test needs to be replaced with solid lubricating material or needs to be injected with solid lubricating material.

[0010] If the rolling bearing to be tested requires the addition of solid lubricating material, the amount of solid lubricating material to be added is determined based on the variation law of the acoustic emission signal generated by the friction of the rolling bearing to be tested.

[0011] Optionally, determining the wear information of the rolling bearing under test based on the fault characteristic frequency and fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal of the rolling bearing under test includes:

[0012] Acquire the vibration signal of the rolling bearing to be tested;

[0013] The wear component of the rolling bearing to be detected is determined based on the characteristic frequency of the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal.

[0014] The wear level of the worn component is determined based on whether there is a fault characteristic frequency in the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal and the amplitude of the fault characteristic frequency in the envelope demodulation spectrum.

[0015] Wear information is generated based on the worn component and the wear level;

[0016] The wear levels include a first wear level, a second wear level, and a third wear level; the first wear level indicates that the rolling bearing under test is in the initial stage of wear and has no visible wear marks; the second wear level indicates that the rolling bearing under test is in the intermediate stage of wear and has visible wear marks; the third wear level indicates that the rolling bearing under test has had metal particles peeling off.

[0017] Optionally, after determining the wear information of the rolling bearing under test based on the fault characteristic frequency and fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal of the rolling bearing under test, the method further includes:

[0018] If the rolling bearing to be tested is at the first wear level, then it is determined that the rolling bearing to be tested needs to be lubricated with solid lubricant.

[0019] Optionally, determining whether the rolling bearing under test needs to be replaced with solid lubricant or needs to be refilled with solid lubricant based on the correspondence between the wear state and the characteristic frequency amplitude of the fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum includes:

[0020] Based on the attenuation characteristics of the characteristic frequency signal of the worn component in the envelope demodulation spectrum of the rolling bearing under test in terms of solid lubricating material and propagation distance, the characteristic frequency amplitude threshold corresponding to the maximum tolerable wear degree of the worn component is determined in advance;

[0021] If the fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum is less than the characteristic frequency amplitude threshold, then the rolling bearing to be tested needs to be filled with solid lubricating material.

[0022] If the fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum is greater than or equal to the characteristic frequency amplitude threshold, then the rolling bearing to be tested needs to be replaced with solid lubricating material.

[0023] Optionally, determining the characteristic frequency amplitude threshold corresponding to the maximum tolerable wear level of the wear component based on the attenuation characteristics of the characteristic frequency signal of the wear component in the envelope demodulation spectrum of the rolling bearing under test in the solid lubricating material and propagation distance includes:

[0024] The characteristic frequency amplitude threshold is determined by invoking the threshold calculation formula, which is:

[0025]

[0026] In the formula, A i The characteristic frequency amplitude threshold is α, where α is the signal attenuation influence coefficient. i0 The initial value is given when the rolling bearing under test is in the intermediate wear stage, D is the distance from the worn part to the sensor, and μ is the cone penetration of the solid lubricating material.

[0027] Optionally, after determining the wear information of the rolling bearing under test based on the fault characteristic frequency and fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal of the rolling bearing under test, the method further includes:

[0028] If the rolling bearing under test is at the third wear level, then it is determined that the rolling bearing under test needs to be replaced with solid lubricant.

[0029] Optionally, before determining the amount of solid lubricant to be added based on the variation law of the acoustic emission signal generated by the friction of the rolling bearing to be detected, the method further includes:

[0030] Background noise is obtained by adjusting the signal amplification rate of the ultrasonic receiver.

[0031] The ultrasonic receiving device is adjusted according to the frequency range of the background noise in order to eliminate the influence of the background noise on the ultrasonic signal emitted by the bearing under test by avoiding the background noise frequency range.

[0032] According to the preset filling adjustment amount, the corresponding solid lubricating material is sequentially filled into the rolling bearing to be tested, and after filling the solid lubricating material, the ultrasonic amplitude signal of the ultrasonic sensor adjacent to the outer ring of the bearing to be tested is obtained.

[0033] According to the order of adding the solid lubricating material, if there is an ultrasonic amplitude after the current addition of the solid lubricating material that is between the ultrasonic amplitude after the previous addition of the solid lubricating material and the ultrasonic amplitude after the next addition of the solid lubricating material, then a fixed reference line characterizing the bearing under test being in the target lubrication state is determined based on the ultrasonic amplitude after the current addition of the solid lubricating material.

[0034] Optionally, determining the amount of solid lubricant to be added based on the variation law of the acoustic emission signal generated by the friction of the rolling bearing to be detected includes:

[0035] In response to the operating condition adjustment command, the current operating condition of the rolling bearing to be tested is adjusted to be the same as the operating condition corresponding to the determination process of the fixed reference line;

[0036] In response to the parameter adjustment command, the signal amplification rate of the ultrasonic receiving device is adjusted to be the same as the signal amplification rate corresponding to the determination process of the fixed reference line.

[0037] The current filler volume of the rolling bearing to be tested is determined based on the fixed baseline.

[0038] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a rolling bearing grease filling management device based on information fusion, comprising:

[0039] The wear detection module is used to determine the wear information of the rolling bearing under test based on preset wear rules and the fault characteristic frequency and fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal of the rolling bearing under test.

[0040] The lubrication status judgment module is used to determine whether the rolling bearing under test needs to be replaced with solid lubricating material or needs to be filled with solid lubricating material if the wear information includes characteristics that indicate that the rolling bearing under test has visible wear marks, based on the correspondence between the wear status and the characteristic frequency amplitude of the fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum.

[0041] A quantitative lubrication module is used to determine the amount of solid lubricant to be added based on the variation law of the acoustic emission signal generated by the friction of the rolling bearing under test if the rolling bearing under test needs to be lubricated with solid lubricant.

[0042] This invention also provides an electronic device, including a processor, which executes a computer program stored in a memory to implement the steps of the rolling bearing grease filling management method based on information fusion as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0043] Finally, this embodiment of the invention also provides a readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the rolling bearing grease filling management method based on information fusion as described in any of the preceding embodiments.

[0044] The advantages of the technical solution provided in this application are as follows: Based on the changing law of vibration signal during the wear development of rolling bearings, the degree of bearing wear is judged according to the envelope demodulation spectrum. Based on the degree of bearing wear, it is determined whether the solid lubricating material filled in the rolling bearing should be added, replaced, or left unchanged. This enables precise detection of the filling amount and contamination state of the solid lubricating material in the rolling bearing, which is beneficial to ensure the stable operation of the rolling bearing, reduce the risk of failure, and effectively extend the service life of the rolling bearing. Furthermore, by determining the filling amount of solid lubricating material through the changing law of acoustic emission signal during the filling process of the solid lubricating material, the amount of solid lubricating material to be added is determined, realizing quantitative filling of solid lubricating material and avoiding overfilling or underfilling. This ensures that the rolling bearing is in the optimal lubrication state after each filling, further extending the service life of the rolling bearing.

[0045] Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention also provide corresponding implementation devices, electronic devices, and readable storage media for the rolling bearing grease filling management method based on information fusion, further making the method more practical. The devices, electronic devices, and readable storage media have corresponding advantages.

[0046] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0047] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0048] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating an information fusion-based rolling bearing grease filling management method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating another information fusion-based rolling bearing grease filling management method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 A structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the rolling bearing grease filling management device based on information fusion provided in this invention;

[0051] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the electronic device provided in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0052] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may include steps or units not listed. Various non-limiting embodiments of this application are described in detail below.

[0054] First see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an information fusion-based method for managing the lubrication of rolling bearings, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment may include the following:

[0055] S101: Based on preset wear rules, determine the wear information of the rolling bearing to be tested according to the fault characteristic frequency and fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal of the rolling bearing to be tested.

[0056] Understandably, if a rolling bearing is severely worn, it will produce noticeable metal particles. Under the influence of centrifugal force, these particles will become embedded in the solid lubricant material of the rolling bearing and distributed around the rolling elements. If solid lubricant is added at this point, it will force the metal particles into the rotating parts of the rolling bearing. This will not only fail to improve the lubrication conditions of the rolling bearing but will also exacerbate wear and may even lead to the rolling bearing seizing. Therefore, determining the severity of rolling bearing wear is a prerequisite for deciding whether to add or replace the solid lubricant material. Based on this, this step is to detect the degree of wear of the rolling bearing. A preset wear rule is used to define the degree of wear of the rolling bearing. The degree of wear can be graded according to the severity of wear, such as no wear, the first wear level for slight wear, the second wear level for moderate wear, etc. Alternatively, stages can be used, such as no wear stage, primary wear stage, moderate wear stage, and severe wear stage. Those skilled in the art can adjust these stages flexibly according to the actual situation. Metal particles generated by rolling bearing wear can originate from the bearing's balls, inner ring, outer ring, and cage. Due to differences in the materials of each component, their distance from the measuring point, and the signal attenuation caused by solid lubricating materials, the severity of wear on different components is related not only to the amplitude of the detection signal but also to the specific component causing the wear. For example, because the cage is suspended inside the bearing and completely covered by grease, its detection signal attenuation is significant when it wears. In contrast, the outer ring is closer to the measuring point and in direct rigid contact, resulting in less signal attenuation. Therefore, for the same amplitude, cage wear is often much more severe than outer ring wear. Thus, when judging the degree of rolling bearing wear, it is necessary to consider not only the amplitude of the detection signal but also the specific component causing the wear. However, judging the worn component and its degree of wear cannot be accomplished using acoustic emission signals alone; it requires combining vibration signals for assessment. The preset wear rules in this embodiment also establish a correspondence between different degrees of wear and the frequency characteristics of the rolling bearing's vibration signals. Since different components of a rolling bearing have different vibration signals, the specific worn component and its degree of wear can be directly located by analyzing the vibration signals.

[0057] The rolling bearing to be tested is the bearing whose solid lubricant needs to be replaced, replenished, or left unchanged. The vibration signal of this rolling bearing can be acquired using any vibration signal acquisition device; this application makes no limitation on this. The lubricant filling the rolling bearing to be tested can be diverse, such as liquid lubricants. However, this embodiment is applicable to the testing of flexible solid lubricants in the rolling bearing to be tested. Flexible solid lubricants refer to materials that differ from liquid solid lubricants such as lubricating oil, but whose shape can be changed, such as lubricating grease. Wear information is used to indicate which component of the bearing to be tested has experienced wear and the severity of the wear.

[0058] S102: If the wear information includes characteristics indicating that the rolling bearing under test has visible wear marks, determine whether the rolling bearing under test needs to be replaced with solid lubricant or needs to be filled with solid lubricant based on the correspondence between the wear state and the characteristic frequency amplitude of the fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum.

[0059] After determining the wear information through the above steps, for bearings without wear, neither replacement nor addition of solid lubricant is necessary. For bearings in the initial wear stage, i.e., with only slight wear and wear marks invisible to the naked eye, simply adding solid lubricant will bring the bearing under test to its optimal lubrication state. For bearings with visible wear marks, i.e., those exhibiting visible wear characteristics, further testing is required to determine whether to add or replace lubricant because it is uncertain whether the wear will generate metal particles and whether such particles will affect the stable operation of the bearing, as well as whether the solid lubricant is severely contaminated. To determine whether the solid lubricant material in the rolling bearing under test needs to be replaced or replenished, this embodiment pre-establishes a correspondence between wear states and characteristic frequency amplitudes. The methods for obtaining the characteristic frequencies of various components of the rolling bearing, such as the outer ring, balls, inner ring, and cage, are common knowledge. These frequencies can be calculated based on bearing design parameters or queried based on the bearing model to obtain the characteristic frequency amplitudes under different wear states. This allows the establishment of a correspondence between the wear states of different components and their characteristic frequency amplitudes. Users can pre-define the wear states that require solid lubricant replacement. If the wear reaches or exceeds this state, replacement is deemed necessary; otherwise, replenishment is sufficient. Based on the wear information obtained in the previous step, it is necessary to determine whether the solid lubricant material in the rolling bearing under test needs to be replaced or replenished. This is achieved by analyzing the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal of the rolling bearing under test to obtain the fault characteristic frequency amplitude. The wear state of the worn components is determined by the correspondence between the fault characteristic frequency amplitude and the wear state and characteristic frequency amplitude, thus determining whether replacement or replenishment is required.

[0060] S103: If the rolling bearing to be tested needs to be filled with solid lubricating material, the amount of solid lubricating material to be added shall be determined based on the variation law of the acoustic emission signal generated by the friction of the rolling bearing to be tested.

[0061] After determining the need for solid lubricant in the first two steps, this step determines the required amount of solid lubricant by analyzing the changing patterns of the acoustic emission signals generated by the friction of the rolling bearing under test. Acoustic emission signals are based on the acoustic emission phenomenon, which refers to the high-frequency sound waves generated by friction between bearing components when lubricant is insufficient or contaminated. The acoustic emission signals are used to determine the lubrication status during the lubrication process. When adding solid lubricant to the rolling bearing under test, as the amount added increases, an oil film gradually forms between the relatively moving parts of the bearing, and the amplitude of the ultrasonic waves generated by friction gradually decreases. Once the oil film is established, continuing to add solid lubricant such as grease will lead to an overdose. Due to the low heat dissipation coefficient of solid lubricant, the heat generated by the rotation of the rolling bearing cannot be dissipated in time, causing the bearing temperature to rise. Higher temperatures reduce the viscosity of the grease, leading to the destruction of the established oil film and thus exacerbating the friction between the components of the rolling bearing, resulting in a counterproductive increase in the amplitude of the ultrasonic waves generated by friction. Therefore, by using the acoustic emission phenomenon generated by the friction of the rolling bearing under test to evaluate the amount of solid lubricant applied, the optimal amount of solid lubricant can be found and quantitative analysis can be performed.

[0062] In the technical solution provided by this invention, based on the changing pattern of vibration signals during the wear development of rolling bearings, the degree of bearing wear is determined according to the envelope demodulation spectrum. Based on the degree of bearing wear, it is determined whether the solid lubricating material filled in the rolling bearing should be added, replaced, or left unchanged. This enables precise detection of the filling amount and contamination status of the solid lubricating material in the rolling bearing, which helps ensure the stable operation of the rolling bearing, reduces the risk of failure, and effectively extends the service life of the rolling bearing. Furthermore, by determining the amount of solid lubricating material to be added during the solid lubricating material filling process, the changing pattern of acoustic emission signals is used to achieve quantitative filling of solid lubricating material, avoiding excessive or insufficient solid lubricating material. This ensures that the rolling bearing is in optimal lubrication condition after each filling, further extending the service life of the rolling bearing.

[0063] In the above embodiments, there is no limitation on how to perform step S101. This embodiment also provides an optional method for determining the wear information of the rolling bearing to be detected, which may include the following:

[0064] The vibration signal of the rolling bearing to be tested is acquired; the wear components of the rolling bearing to be tested are determined based on the characteristic frequencies of the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal; the wear level of the wear components is determined based on the presence of fault characteristic frequencies in the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal and the amplitude of the fault characteristic frequencies in the envelope demodulation spectrum; wear information is generated based on the wear components and wear level.

[0065] The wear level can include a first wear level, a second wear level, and a third wear level. The first wear level indicates that the rolling bearing under test is in the initial stage of wear, with no visible wear marks. The second wear level indicates that the rolling bearing under test is in the intermediate stage of wear, with visible wear marks. The third wear level indicates that the rolling bearing under test has metal particles peeling off. Accordingly, if the rolling bearing under test is at the first wear level, it is determined that the rolling bearing needs to be lubricated with solid lubricant. If the rolling bearing under test is at the second wear level, it is determined, based on step S102 of the above embodiment, whether the rolling bearing needs to be lubricated with solid lubricant or the solid lubricant should be replaced directly. If the rolling bearing under test is at the third wear level, it is determined that the rolling bearing needs to be replaced with solid lubricant.

[0066] In this embodiment, when the rolling bearing is operating normally, the vibration amplitude is small, the demodulated waveform has no impact signal, and there are no bearing fault characteristic frequencies in the envelope demodulation spectrum. At this time, the oil film effectively isolates the rolling bearing from the relatively moving parts, and there is no need to add solid lubricating materials such as grease. The development of wear failure in rolling bearings can be divided into four stages: the initial wear stage, the second stage, the third stage, and the fourth stage, corresponding to the wear degree of slight, moderate, severe, and critical, respectively. Each stage has different characteristics, and the severity of rolling bearing wear also varies. The initial stage of rolling bearing wear failure, also known as the first wear level (slight), involves small vibration amplitude and noise generation. The demodulated waveform shows very short impacts, and the envelope demodulation spectrum lacks obvious fault characteristic frequencies (frequency range 5kHz-40kHz). At this stage, there is micro-wear invisible to the naked eye, and the wear debris has almost no effect on the performance of solid lubricants such as grease. Adding grease at this point can improve lubrication conditions and restore the bearing to normal operating conditions. The second stage of rolling bearing failure, also known as the second wear level (moderate), involves friction and small impacts. The envelope demodulation spectrum shows fault characteristic frequencies (frequency range 1kHz-5kHz). At this stage, the rolling bearing exhibits visible wear marks. The larger the amplitude of the fault characteristic frequency in the envelope demodulation spectrum, the more severe the wear. In the third stage of rolling bearing failure, also known as the third wear level (severe), the ultra-high frequency amplitude continues to increase, and harmonics generated by impacts and sideband components modulated by periodic load changes appear. Peak values ​​are observed at the characteristic frequencies of the bearing failure. In the fourth stage, also known as the third wear level (critical), the ultra-high frequency amplitude decreases, periodic vibrations decrease, and background noise increases significantly, forming a "haystack" pattern. If this continues, the characteristic frequencies will completely disappear, and the spectrum will resemble a rotational loosening pattern. In the third and fourth stages, large metal particles detach from the bearing. To avoid sudden events, the bearing must be replaced. Therefore, when the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal of the rolling bearing has no high-frequency components and no fault characteristic frequency, the rolling bearing is in normal operation and does not require the addition of solid lubricating material. When the rolling bearing wear failure is in the initial stage, the bearing does not have obvious pitting and only needs to be lubricated with grease. When the rolling bearing wear failure is in the second stage, it is necessary to determine whether to replace or add grease according to S102 of the above embodiment. When the rolling bearing is in the third or fourth stage, there are large metal particles peeling off, and the rolling bearing is damaged. At this time, the bearing should be replaced as soon as possible.

[0067] For ease of implementation, based on the above embodiments, the wear state at which replacement is required, i.e., the characteristic frequency amplitude corresponding to the maximum tolerable wear level, can be determined based on the correspondence between the wear state of different components and the characteristic frequency amplitude. In this embodiment, this is called the characteristic frequency amplitude threshold. By simply comparing two values, it is possible to determine whether the rolling bearing under test needs to be replaced with solid lubricant or needs to be replenished with solid lubricant. This can include the following:

[0068] Based on the attenuation characteristics of the characteristic frequency signal of the worn component in the envelope demodulation spectrum of the rolling bearing under test in terms of solid lubricating material and propagation distance, the characteristic frequency amplitude threshold corresponding to the maximum tolerable wear degree of the worn component is determined in advance;

[0069] If the fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum is less than the characteristic frequency amplitude threshold, the rolling bearing to be tested needs to be filled with solid lubricating material.

[0070] If the fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum is greater than or equal to the characteristic frequency amplitude threshold, the rolling bearing under test needs to be replaced with solid lubricating material.

[0071] For step S102, the rolling bearing under test is located between the visible fault characteristic frequencies in the envelope demodulation spectrum and the frequencies where bearing fault characteristic frequencies have not yet appeared in the spectrum. The severity of wear can be determined by the attenuation characteristics of the characteristic frequency signals of each component in the rolling bearing's envelope demodulation spectrum in terms of solid lubricating material and propagation distance, using the magnitude of the fault characteristic frequency amplitude in the envelope demodulation spectrum. The harder the solid lubricating material and the closer the sensor is to the acoustic emission source, the smaller the signal attenuation. To improve the accuracy of solid lubricating material condition detection, this embodiment can use a threshold calculation formula to determine the characteristic frequency amplitude threshold. The threshold calculation formula can be expressed as:

[0072]

[0073] In the formula, A i The characteristic frequency amplitude threshold is α, which is the signal attenuation influence coefficient, determined by the material properties of the signal propagation material, and can be looked up based on the material composition; A i0 The initial value is given when the rolling bearing under test is in the intermediate wear stage, determined by existing standards; D is the distance from the worn part to the sensor; μ is the cone penetration of the solid lubricant, which is inversely correlated with the material hardness and is determined by the consistency number of the solid lubricant. The correspondence between the cone penetration and the consistency number of the solid lubricant is shown in Table 1.

[0074] Table 1. Correspondence between cone penetration and consistency number of solid lubricating materials

[0075] Consistency number Cone penetration range state 000# 445～475 liquid 00# 400～430 Near liquid 0# 355～385 Extremely soft 1# 310～340 Very soft 2# 265～295 soft 3# 175～205 middle 4# 130～160 hard 5# 85～115 Very hard

[0076] For example, for a certain motor rolling bearing of model NU220ECP, which uses 7008 aviation grease with consistency number 3 and the material of the equipment is cast iron, the characteristic frequency domain values ​​corresponding to the presence of obvious metal spalling in each component of the rolling bearing are calculated by calling the threshold calculation formula, as shown in Table 2:

[0077] Table 2 shows the correspondence between the characteristic frequency amplitudes in the envelope demodulation spectrum and the wear status of components.

[0078]

[0079] When the wear fault of the rolling bearing to be tested is in the second stage, for specific components in the vibration signal such as the outer ring, balls, inner ring and cage, if the amplitude of the fault characteristic frequency in the envelope demodulation spectrum is less than the corresponding characteristic frequency amplitude threshold in Table 2, solid lubricating material such as grease should be added; if the amplitude of the fault characteristic frequency in the envelope demodulation spectrum is greater than or equal to the corresponding characteristic frequency amplitude threshold in Table 2, the solid lubricating material should be replaced.

[0080] For other rolling bearings, the correspondence between the characteristic frequency amplitudes in the envelope demodulation spectrum and the wear state of the components can also be determined based on the bearing model and installation location. Furthermore, the methods for obtaining the characteristic frequencies of each component of a rolling bearing are common knowledge and can be calculated based on the bearing design parameters or looked up by the bearing model; therefore, they will not be elaborated upon here.

[0081] The above embodiments address how to quantitatively apply solid lubricant. This embodiment also provides an optional implementation method, which may include:

[0082] Background noise is obtained by adjusting the signal amplification rate of the ultrasonic receiver.

[0083] The ultrasonic receiver is adjusted according to the frequency range of the background noise to avoid the background noise frequency band, and thus can be used to eliminate the influence of background noise on the ultrasonic signal emitted by the bearing under test.

[0084] According to the preset filling adjustment amount, the corresponding solid lubricating material is sequentially filled into the rolling bearing to be tested, and after filling the solid lubricating material, the ultrasonic amplitude signal of the ultrasonic sensor adjacent to the outer ring of the bearing to be tested is obtained.

[0085] According to the order of solid lubricant application, if there exists an ultrasonic amplitude after the current application of solid lubricant that is between the ultrasonic amplitude after the previous application of solid lubricant and the ultrasonic amplitude after the next application of solid lubricant, then a fixed baseline characterizing the bearing under test being in the target lubrication state is determined based on the ultrasonic amplitude after the current application of solid lubricant.

[0086] Furthermore, in order to improve the accuracy of the fixed baseline, the above steps are repeated multiple times to obtain multiple target ultrasonic amplitudes after the current application of solid lubricant, which are located between the ultrasonic amplitudes after the previous and subsequent applications of solid lubricant. If the fluctuation between these multiple target ultrasonic amplitudes is less than a preset threshold, such as 5%, the fixed baseline is determined based on the average value of the multiple target ultrasonic amplitudes.

[0087] In this embodiment, when adding solid lubricant such as grease to the rolling bearing, as the amount of solid lubricant added increases, an oil film gradually forms between the relatively moving parts of the rolling bearing, and the amplitude of the ultrasonic waves generated by friction gradually decreases. After the oil film between the parts is established, continuing to add solid lubricant will lead to an excess of solid lubricant. Because solid lubricants such as grease have a low heat dissipation coefficient, the heat generated by the rotation of the rolling bearing cannot be dissipated in time, causing the temperature of the rolling bearing to rise. Higher temperatures reduce the viscosity of the solid lubricant, causing the established oil film to break down, thereby exacerbating the friction between the parts of the rolling bearing and actually increasing the amplitude of the ultrasonic waves generated by friction. Therefore, using the acoustic emission signal generated by the friction of the rolling bearing to monitor the grease adding process can ensure that the amount of grease added is optimal and allows for quantitative analysis.

[0088] This embodiment quantifies the solid lubrication process by analyzing the variation in acoustic emission signal amplitude during the application of solid lubricant to the rolling bearing. The process is as follows: Adjust the signal amplification of the ultrasonic receiver to acquire background noise, which is used to eliminate the influence of background noise on the acoustic emission signal; place the ultrasonic sensor close to the outer ring of the bearing, adjust the receiving frequency range to monitor the ultrasonic amplitude of the bearing, and slowly add a small amount of solid lubricant according to the preset adjustment amount, waiting until the ultrasonic amplitude stabilizes: ① If the ultrasonic amplitude decreases compared to before application, continue adding a small amount of solid lubricant until the ultrasonic value slightly increases, indicating that the rolling bearing has reached its optimal lubrication state, and immediately stop adding solid lubricant; at this point, the ultrasonic measurement value can be used as a reference value to determine whether the bearing needs lubrication in the next lubrication process. After collecting three or more data points, if the value fluctuation is less than 5%, the average value can be used to determine this fixed baseline. ② If the ultrasonic value increases compared to before application, stop adding solid lubricant.

[0089] After the fixed baseline is determined, an optional implementation of S103 in the above embodiment may be as follows: in response to the operating condition adjustment command, adjust the current operating condition of the rolling bearing to be tested to be the same as the operating condition corresponding to the determination process of the fixed baseline; in response to the parameter adjustment command, adjust the signal amplification rate of the ultrasonic receiving device to be the same as the signal amplification rate corresponding to the determination process of the fixed baseline; and determine the current filling amount of the rolling bearing to be tested according to the fixed baseline.

[0090] In this embodiment, the equipment is adjusted to operate under the same conditions as when the solid lubricant was previously added; the amplification of the ultrasonic receiver is adjusted to be the same as during the previous addition; the ultrasonic sensor is placed close to the position closest to the outer ring of the bearing to obtain the ultrasonic value reading and compare it with the baseline; solid lubricant is added until the measured value is as close as possible to the fixed reference line, at which point the solid lubricant addition is complete. If the rolling bearing or the type of solid lubricant is changed, the fixed reference line should be re-measured.

[0091] As can be seen from the above, this embodiment fixes the filling baseline of solid lubricating material by the change law of acoustic emission signal, so that the filling process of solid lubricating material is based on data, realizes quantitative filling, and has better practicality and wider applicability.

[0092] To enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solution of this application, this application also provides an illustrative example. In this embodiment, the rolling bearing to be tested is a NU220ECP rolling bearing, and the solid lubricant filled inside is 7008 aviation grease. Figure 2 The process of testing the grease in this rolling bearing may include:

[0093] Vibration monitoring and analysis were performed on the rolling bearing to acquire its vibration signal. Based on the fault characteristic frequencies and amplitudes in the envelope demodulation frequency spectrum of the vibration signal, it was determined whether there was significant metal spalling. If so, the grease was replaced directly. If not, it was determined whether there was a high-frequency component around 35kHz in the envelope demodulation frequency spectrum. If so, the rolling bearing was operating normally, and there was no need to replace or add grease. If so, the signal amplification of the ultrasonic receiver was adjusted to acquire background noise and eliminate its influence. The ultrasonic sensor was placed close to the outer ring of the bearing, and the ultrasonic amplitude was monitored to be 45dB. A small amount of grease was slowly added, and the process was allowed to continue until the ultrasonic amplitude stabilized. When the ultrasonic amplitude dropped to 41.9dB, grease was added again. The relationship between the amount of grease added and the ultrasonic amplitude is shown in Table 3.

[0094] Table 3. Correspondence between grease filling amount and acoustic emission signal amplitude

[0095] frequency 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Volume added (g) 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 Acoustic emission signal amplitude (dB) 45.0 41.9 39.2 36.8 34.7 32.8 33.6

[0096] As shown in Table 3, the acoustic emission signal amplitude was the smallest after the fifth injection. The amplitude of this injection was recorded.

[0097] Of course, to improve the accuracy of lubrication, the amount added each time can be different. For example, the initial amount added can be smaller, and then the amount added each time can be adjusted according to the changes in the ultrasonic amplitude. The same method was used for the subsequent two lubrications of this rolling bearing, and the minimum amplitude of the acoustic emission signal was recorded as 32.5dB and 33.1dB respectively. The fluctuation of the minimum amplitude of the acoustic emission signal after three lubrications was less than 5%, and the average value of 32.8dB was used to fix the baseline. After the baseline is fixed, if grease needs to be added next time, 32.8dB should be used as the baseline. When the acoustic emission signal amplitude is greater than 32.8dB, grease should be added until the acoustic emission signal amplitude is close to 32.8dB. For ease of engineering application, the deviation from the baseline can be set to a threshold according to the bearing model and equipment operating conditions. For example, if the equipment specifies a deviation of 20% from the baseline, it indicates that grease needs to be added. Then, if the acoustic emission signal amplitude is greater than 32.8×(1+20%)=39.4dB, it indicates that grease needs to be added. Follow the steps above to complete the grease addition.

[0098] This embodiment is based on the changing patterns of vibration and acoustic emission signals during the wear development of rolling bearings. Vibration signals are used to determine the worn components and degree of wear, while acoustic emission signals are used to determine the lubrication status during grease application. By fusing the characteristic frequency amplitude of the vibration envelope demodulation spectrum and the intensity variation of the acoustic emission signal, it guides the management of rolling bearing grease, avoiding blind application or replacement and the risks associated with the application process. Furthermore, it achieves quantitative management, facilitating widespread application. Specific beneficial effects are as follows:

[0099] Based on the changing patterns of vibration signals during the wear development of rolling bearings, the degree of bearing wear is determined by the magnitude of the characteristic frequency amplitude in the envelope demodulation spectrum. Based on the degree of bearing wear, appropriate management measures (addition, replacement, or maintaining the current level) for the lubricating grease are determined, extending the bearing's service life and avoiding risks associated with grease addition. Furthermore, the changing patterns of acoustic emission signals during grease addition guide the process, ensuring that the rolling bearing is in optimal lubrication condition after each addition, preventing excessive or insufficient grease. By fixing the grease addition baseline using the changing patterns of acoustic emission signals, the grease addition process becomes data-driven, achieving quantitative addition and facilitating widespread application.

[0100] It should be noted that there is no strict order of execution for the steps in this application. As long as they conform to a logical order, these steps can be executed simultaneously or in a certain preset order. Figures 1-2 This is just an illustrative example and does not mean that this is the only possible execution order.

[0101] This invention also provides a corresponding device for the rolling bearing grease filling management method based on information fusion, further enhancing the practicality of the method. The device can be described from both a functional module perspective and a hardware perspective. The rolling bearing grease filling management device based on information fusion provided in this invention will be described below. The rolling bearing grease filling management device described below corresponds to the rolling bearing grease filling management method based on information fusion described above.

[0102] From the perspective of functional modules, see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a rolling bearing grease filling management device based on information fusion provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The device may include:

[0103] The wear detection module 301 is used to determine the wear information of the rolling bearing under test based on preset wear rules and the fault characteristic frequency and fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal of the rolling bearing under test.

[0104] The lubrication condition judgment module 302 is used to determine whether the rolling bearing under test needs to be replaced with solid lubricating material or needs to be added if the wear information includes characteristics that indicate that the rolling bearing under test has visible wear marks, based on the correspondence between the wear condition and the characteristic frequency amplitude of the fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum.

[0105] The quantitative lubrication module 303 is used to determine the amount of solid lubricant to be added based on the variation law of the acoustic emission signal generated by the friction of the rolling bearing under test if the rolling bearing under test needs to be lubricated with solid lubricant.

[0106] Optionally, in some embodiments of this example, the wear detection module 301 can also be used to: acquire the vibration signal of the rolling bearing to be tested; determine the worn component of the rolling bearing to be tested based on the characteristic frequency of the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal; determine the wear level of the worn component based on whether there is a fault characteristic frequency in the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal and the amplitude of the fault characteristic frequency in the envelope demodulation spectrum; generate wear information based on the worn component and the wear level; wherein the wear level includes a first wear level, a second wear level, and a third wear level; the first wear level indicates that the rolling bearing to be tested is in the initial stage of wear and has invisible wear marks; the second wear level indicates that the rolling bearing to be tested is in the intermediate stage of wear and has visible wear mark characteristics; and the third wear level indicates that the rolling bearing to be tested has had metal particles peeled off.

[0107] As an optional implementation of the above embodiments, the wear detection module 301 can be further used to: if the rolling bearing to be detected is at the first wear level, determine that the rolling bearing to be detected needs to be filled with solid lubricating material.

[0108] As another optional implementation of the above embodiments, the wear detection module 301 can be further used to: determine the characteristic frequency amplitude threshold corresponding to the maximum tolerable wear degree of the worn component based on the attenuation characteristics of the characteristic frequency signal of the worn component in the envelope demodulation spectrum of the rolling bearing to be tested in terms of solid lubricating material and propagation distance; if the fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum is less than the characteristic frequency amplitude threshold, the rolling bearing to be tested needs to be filled with solid lubricating material; if the fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum is greater than or equal to the characteristic frequency amplitude threshold, the rolling bearing to be tested needs to be replaced with solid lubricating material.

[0109] As another optional implementation of the above embodiment, the wear detection module 301 can be further used to: determine the characteristic frequency amplitude threshold by calling a threshold calculation formula, wherein the threshold calculation formula is:

[0110]

[0111] In the formula, A i A is the characteristic frequency amplitude threshold, α is the signal attenuation influence coefficient, and A i0 The initial value is given when the rolling bearing to be tested is in the intermediate stage of wear, D is the distance from the worn part to the sensor, and μ is the cone penetration of the solid lubricant.

[0112] As another optional implementation of the above embodiment, the wear detection module 301 can be further used to: if the rolling bearing to be detected is at the third wear level, determine that the rolling bearing to be detected needs to be replaced with solid lubricating material.

[0113] Optionally, in other embodiments of this example, the device may further include a baseline determination module, used to obtain background noise by adjusting the signal amplification of the ultrasonic receiving device; adjust the ultrasonic receiving device according to the frequency range of the background noise to avoid the background noise frequency band, thereby eliminating the influence of the background noise on the ultrasonic signal emitted by the bearing under test; sequentially fill the rolling bearing under test with the corresponding solid lubricating material according to the preset filling adjustment amount, and after filling the solid lubricating material, obtain the ultrasonic amplitude signal of the ultrasonic sensor adjacent to the outer ring of the bearing under test; according to the filling order of the solid lubricating material, if there is an ultrasonic amplitude after the current filling of the solid lubricating material between the ultrasonic amplitude after the previous filling of the solid lubricating material and the ultrasonic amplitude after the next filling of the solid lubricating material, then determine a fixed baseline characterizing the bearing under test being in the target lubrication state based on the ultrasonic amplitude after the current filling of the solid lubricating material.

[0114] As an optional implementation of the above embodiments, the quantitative filling module 303 can also be used to: respond to the operating condition adjustment command, adjust the current operating condition of the rolling bearing to be tested to be the same as the operating condition corresponding to the determination process of the fixed baseline; respond to the parameter adjustment command, adjust the signal amplification rate of the ultrasonic receiving device to be the same as the signal amplification rate corresponding to the determination process of the fixed baseline; and determine the current filling amount of the rolling bearing to be tested according to the fixed baseline.

[0115] The functions of each module of the rolling bearing grease filling management device based on information fusion described in this embodiment of the invention can be specifically implemented according to the methods in the above method embodiments. The specific implementation process can be referred to the relevant descriptions in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0116] As can be seen from the above, the embodiments of the present invention achieve accurate detection of solid lubricating materials in rolling bearings, which is beneficial to ensuring the stable operation of rolling bearings and can effectively reduce the risk of failure in rolling bearing operation.

[0117] The rolling bearing grease filling management device based on information fusion mentioned above is described from the perspective of functional modules. Furthermore, this application also provides an electronic device, which is described from the perspective of hardware. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in one embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device includes a memory 40 for storing a computer program; and a processor 41 for executing the computer program to implement the steps of the rolling bearing grease filling management method based on information fusion as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0118] The processor 41 may include one or more processing cores, such as a quad-core processor or an octa-core processor. The processor 41 may also be a controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or other data processing chip. The processor 41 may be implemented using at least one hardware form selected from DSP (Digital Signal Processing), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), and PLA (Programmable Logic Array). The processor 41 may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor, also known as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), is used to process data in the wake-up state; the coprocessor is a low-power processor used to process data in the standby state. In some embodiments, the processor 41 may integrate a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the screen. In some embodiments, the processor 41 may also include an AI (Artificial Intelligence) processor, which is used to handle computational operations related to machine learning.

[0119] The memory 40 may include one or more computer-readable storage media, which may be non-transitory. The memory 40 may also include high-speed random access memory and non-volatile memory, such as one or more disk storage devices or flash memory devices. In some embodiments, the memory 40 may be an internal storage unit of an electronic device, such as a server hard drive. In other embodiments, the memory 40 may be an external storage device of an electronic device, such as a plug-in hard drive on a server, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) card, or a Flash Card. Furthermore, the memory 40 may include both internal and external storage units of the electronic device. The memory 40 can be used not only to store application software and various types of data installed in the electronic device, such as code executing a program in the process of implementing an information fusion-based rolling bearing grease filling management method, but also to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output. In this embodiment, the memory 40 is used to store at least the following computer program 401, which, after being loaded and executed by the processor 41, is capable of implementing the relevant steps of the rolling bearing grease filling management method based on information fusion disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments. In addition, the resources stored in the memory 40 may also include an operating system 402 and data 403, and the storage method may be temporary or permanent storage. The operating system 402 may include Windows, Unix, Linux, etc. The data 403 may include, but is not limited to, data corresponding to the rolling bearing grease filling management results based on information fusion.

[0120] In some embodiments, the aforementioned electronic device may further include a display screen 42, an input / output interface 43, a communication interface 44 (or network interface), a power supply 45, and a communication bus 46. The display screen 42 and input / output interface 43, such as a keyboard, are user interfaces; optional user interfaces may also include standard wired interfaces, wireless interfaces, etc. Optionally, in some embodiments, the display may be an LED display, a liquid crystal display, a touch-sensitive liquid crystal display, or an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) touchscreen, etc. The display may also be appropriately referred to as a display screen or display unit, used to display information processed in the electronic device and to display a visual user interface. The communication interface 44 may optionally include a wired interface and / or a wireless interface, such as a Wi-Fi interface, a Bluetooth interface, etc., typically used to establish communication connections between the electronic device and other electronic devices. The communication bus 46 may be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, etc. This bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 4 The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0121] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 4 The structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device and may include more or fewer components than shown, such as sensors 47 that perform various functions.

[0122] The functions of each functional module of the electronic device described in the embodiments of the present invention can be specifically implemented according to the methods in the above method embodiments. The specific implementation process can be referred to the relevant descriptions in the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0123] As can be seen from the above, the embodiments of the present invention achieve accurate detection of solid lubricating materials in rolling bearings, which is beneficial to ensuring the stable operation of rolling bearings and can effectively reduce the risk of failure in rolling bearing operation.

[0124] It is understood that if the rolling bearing grease filling management method based on information fusion in the above embodiments is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and executes all or part of the steps of the methods in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: USB flash drive, mobile hard drive, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrically erasable programmable ROM, register, hard disk, multimedia card, card-type memory (e.g., SD or DX memory), magnetic memory, removable disk, CD-ROM, magnetic disk or optical disk, and other media capable of storing program code.

[0125] Based on this, embodiments of the present invention also provide a readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the rolling bearing grease filling management method based on information fusion as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0126] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the hardware disclosed in the embodiments, including devices and electronic equipment, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the descriptions are relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0127] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0128] The above provides a detailed description of the rolling bearing grease filling management method based on information fusion provided in this application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this application without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A rolling bearing grease filling management method based on information fusion, characterized in that, include: Based on preset wear rules, the wear information of the rolling bearing under test is determined according to the fault characteristic frequency and fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal of the rolling bearing under test. The process of determining the wear information of the rolling bearing under test includes: acquiring the vibration signal of the rolling bearing under test; determining the worn parts of the rolling bearing under test according to the characteristic frequency of the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal; and determining the wear level of the worn parts according to whether there is a fault characteristic frequency in the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal and the amplitude of the fault characteristic frequency in the envelope demodulation spectrum. If the wear level is the second wear level, then the wear information includes the characteristic of visible wear marks on the rolling bearing under test. Based on the correspondence between the wear state and the characteristic frequency amplitude of the fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum, it is determined whether the rolling bearing under test needs to be replaced with solid lubricating material or needs to be injected with solid lubricating material. The second wear level is used to indicate that the rolling bearing under test is in the intermediate wear stage and has visible wear marks, which are wear marks that are visible to the naked eye. If the rolling bearing to be tested requires the addition of solid lubricating material, the amount of solid lubricating material to be added is determined based on the variation law of the acoustic emission signal generated by the friction of the rolling bearing to be tested.

2. The rolling bearing grease filling management method based on information fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the wear information of the rolling bearing under test based on the fault characteristic frequencies and amplitudes of the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal of the rolling bearing under test includes: Wear information is generated based on the worn component and the wear level; The wear levels include a first wear level, a second wear level, and a third wear level; the first wear level indicates that the rolling bearing under test is in the initial stage of wear and has invisible wear marks; the third wear level indicates that the rolling bearing under test has had metal particles peeled off.

3. The rolling bearing grease filling management method based on information fusion according to claim 2, characterized in that, After determining the wear information of the rolling bearing under test based on the fault characteristic frequency and fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal of the rolling bearing under test, the method further includes: If the rolling bearing to be tested is at the first wear level, then it is determined that the rolling bearing to be tested needs to be lubricated with solid lubricant.

4. The rolling bearing grease filling management method based on information fusion according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the rolling bearing under test needs to be replaced with solid lubricant or needs to be refilled with solid lubricant based on the correspondence between the wear state and the characteristic frequency amplitude of the fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum includes: Based on the attenuation characteristics of the characteristic frequency signal of the worn component in the envelope demodulation spectrum of the rolling bearing under test in terms of solid lubricating material and propagation distance, the characteristic frequency amplitude threshold corresponding to the maximum tolerable wear degree of the worn component is determined in advance; If the fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum is less than the characteristic frequency amplitude threshold, then the rolling bearing to be tested needs to be filled with solid lubricating material. If the fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum is greater than or equal to the characteristic frequency amplitude threshold, then the rolling bearing to be tested needs to be replaced with solid lubricating material.

5. The rolling bearing grease filling management method based on information fusion according to claim 4, characterized in that, The determination of the characteristic frequency amplitude threshold corresponding to the maximum tolerable wear level of the worn component based on the attenuation characteristics of the characteristic frequency signal of the worn component in the envelope demodulation spectrum of the rolling bearing under test in terms of solid lubricating material and propagation distance includes: The characteristic frequency amplitude threshold is determined by invoking the threshold calculation formula, which is: ； In the formula, The characteristic frequency amplitude threshold, The signal attenuation effect coefficient is... The initial value is the value when the rolling bearing to be tested is in the intermediate wear stage. The distance from the worn component to the sensor. The cone penetration of the solid lubricant material.

6. The rolling bearing grease filling management method based on information fusion according to claim 2, characterized in that, After determining the wear information of the rolling bearing under test based on the fault characteristic frequency and fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal of the rolling bearing under test, the method further includes: If the rolling bearing under test is at the third wear level, then it is determined that the rolling bearing under test needs to be replaced with solid lubricant.

7. The rolling bearing grease filling management method based on information fusion according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Before determining the amount of solid lubricant to be added based on the variation law of the acoustic emission signal generated by the friction of the rolling bearing to be tested, the method further includes: Background noise is obtained by adjusting the signal amplification rate of the ultrasonic receiver. The ultrasonic receiving device is adjusted according to the frequency range of the background noise in order to eliminate the influence of the background noise on the ultrasonic signal emitted by the rolling bearing under test by avoiding the background noise frequency range. According to the preset filling adjustment amount, the corresponding solid lubricating material is sequentially filled into the rolling bearing to be tested, and after the solid lubricating material is filled, the ultrasonic amplitude signal of the ultrasonic sensor adjacent to the outer ring of the rolling bearing to be tested is obtained. According to the order of adding the solid lubricating material, if there is an ultrasonic amplitude after the current addition of the solid lubricating material that is between the ultrasonic amplitude after the previous addition of the solid lubricating material and the ultrasonic amplitude after the next addition of the solid lubricating material, then a fixed reference line characterizing the rolling bearing under test being in the target lubrication state is determined based on the ultrasonic amplitude after the current addition of the solid lubricating material.

8. The rolling bearing grease filling management method based on information fusion according to claim 7, characterized in that, The determination of the amount of solid lubricant to be added based on the variation law of the acoustic emission signal generated by the friction of the rolling bearing under test includes: In response to the operating condition adjustment command, the current operating condition of the rolling bearing to be tested is adjusted to be the same as the operating condition corresponding to the determination process of the fixed reference line; In response to the parameter adjustment command, the signal amplification rate of the ultrasonic receiving device is adjusted to be the same as the signal amplification rate corresponding to the determination process of the fixed reference line. The current filler volume of the rolling bearing to be tested is determined based on the fixed baseline.

9. A rolling bearing grease filling and management device based on information fusion, characterized in that, include: The wear degree detection module is used to determine the wear information of the rolling bearing under test based on preset wear rules and the fault characteristic frequency and fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal of the rolling bearing under test; the wear degree detection module is also used to: acquire the vibration signal of the rolling bearing under test; determine the worn parts of the rolling bearing under test based on the characteristic frequency of the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal; and determine the wear level of the worn parts based on whether the envelope demodulation spectrum of the vibration signal has a fault characteristic frequency and the amplitude of the fault characteristic frequency in the envelope demodulation spectrum. The lubrication status judgment module is used to determine whether the rolling bearing under test needs to be replaced with solid lubricant or needs to be filled with solid lubricant if the wear level is the second wear level. The wear information includes the visible wear traces of the rolling bearing under test. Based on the correspondence between the wear status and the characteristic frequency amplitude of the fault characteristic frequency amplitude of the envelope demodulation spectrum, the module determines whether the rolling bearing under test needs to be replaced with solid lubricant or needs to be filled with solid lubricant. The second wear level indicates that the rolling bearing under test is in the intermediate wear stage and has visible wear traces, which are wear traces that are visible to the naked eye. A quantitative lubrication module is used to determine the amount of solid lubricant to be added based on the variation law of the acoustic emission signal generated by the friction of the rolling bearing under test if the rolling bearing under test needs to be lubricated with solid lubricant.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the processor being used to execute a computer program stored in the memory to implement the steps of the rolling bearing grease filling management method based on information fusion as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

11. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, The readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the rolling bearing grease filling management method based on information fusion as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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