Long pulse width ramp loading test device and method based on explosive drive

Abstract

The present invention discloses an experimental device and method for long-pulse-width ramp loading based on explosive driving. The experimental device for long-pulse-width ramp loading includes an explosive confinement shell and a sample confinement shell arranged vertically. An explosive charge for loading and a waveform adjustment mechanism are arranged vertically in the explosive confinement shell, and an air gap is formed between the explosive charge for loading and the waveform adjustment mechanism. A detonator for detonating the explosive charge for loading is also arranged in the explosive confinement shell. A sample sleeve is arranged in the sample confinement shell, and an explosive sample is arranged in the sample sleeve. A first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor are respectively installed at the top and bottom of the sample sleeve. The waveform adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the detonation wave generated by detonating the explosive charge for loading, and after the detonation wave is adjusted, it is sequentially transmitted to the explosive sample through the sample confinement shell and the sample sleeve. The present invention can achieve a rising front edge in the order of 1 μs to 10<supgt;1< / supgt; μs, a pulse width in the order of 10<supgt;1< / supgt; μs, and a pressure amplitude in the order of 1 GPa.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of long pulse width oblique wave loading, and in particular to a long pulse width oblique wave loading test device and method based on explosive drive. Background Art

[0002] The dynamic response and protective reaction characteristics of explosive materials and structures under different loading paths are an important research field in natural science and engineering applications. At present, people have developed a variety of experimental techniques, such as static pressure technology, Hopkinson rod technology, light gas gun technology, chemical explosion technology, artillery technology, electromagnetic loading technology, laser loading technology, etc. Different loading technologies can correspond to different physical backgrounds and thermodynamic paths. For example, the static pressure loading process corresponds to the isotherm, the impact loading process corresponds to the adiabatic line, and the oblique wave compression process corresponds to the isentropic line. With the continuous increase of actual physical problems and engineering needs, for example, in the simulation test design of explosive reaction growth under long pulse width, the slow rising front, long pulse width and high pressure amplitude have become key indicators for the development of new technologies.

[0003] At present, the more mature dynamic loading / testing technologies include Hopkinson bar technology, light gas gun technology, gun technology, electromagnetic loading technology, etc., which can be divided into impact loading and ramp loading. The pressure waveform of the impact loading experiment has a very steep rise, generally in the order of 0.1ns to 0.1μs, and the pressure peak and pulse width are adjustable. The pressure waveform of the ramp loading experiment generally has a rise of 1ns to 0.1μs, a pulse width of 0.1μs to 1μs, and an adjustable pressure peak.

[0004] The loading pressure waveform of existing devices cannot achieve 1μs~10 1 μs level rising frontier, 10 1 Pulse width of μs and pressure amplitude of 1GPa. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a long pulse width ramp loading test device and method based on explosive drive to achieve 1μs~10 1 μs level rising frontier, 10 1 Pulse width of μs and pressure amplitude of 1GPa.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The long pulse width oblique wave loading test device based on explosive drive comprises an explosive confinement shell and a sample confinement shell arranged up and down;

[0008] The explosive confinement shell is provided with a loading explosive and a waveform adjustment mechanism arranged up and down, an air gap is formed between the loading explosive and the waveform adjustment mechanism, a detonator for detonating the loading explosive is also provided in the explosive confinement shell, and the bottom of the waveform adjustment mechanism is in contact with the top of the sample confinement shell;

[0009] A sample sleeve is arranged in the sample confinement shell, an explosive sample is arranged in the sample sleeve, and a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor are respectively installed on the top and the bottom of the sample sleeve;

[0010] The waveform adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the detonation wave generated by the detonation of the loaded explosive. After the detonation wave is adjusted, it is transmitted to the explosive sample through the sample restraint shell and the sample sleeve in sequence. The first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are respectively used to collect the loading pressure of the detonation wave before the explosive sample and the pressure after passing through the explosive sample.

[0011] The waveform adjustment mechanism of the present invention causes a complex wave system effect of the loaded detonation wave, which can expand the pressure pulse waveform acting on the explosive sample, and the pulse width can reach 10 1 μs level, rising edge can reach 1μs~10 1 μs level, breaking through the pulse limitation of traditional detonation loading devices.

[0012] Further, the waveform adjustment mechanism includes a filling body, a structural body and a partition;

[0013] The bottom of the structure is sunken upward to form a cavity, the filling body is filled in the cavity, and the filling body and the cavity are in close contact; the partition is arranged on the top of the structure in a contact manner.

[0014] The structure and size of the waveform adjustment mechanism of the present invention can be adjusted, and the loading waveform can be adjusted through the structure and size of the filling body, the structural body, the partition and the air gap.

[0015] Furthermore, the partition and the filler are made of rigid metal materials, including steel or iron, and the structure is made of plastic, including polytetrafluoroethylene, rubber or nylon.

[0016] Furthermore, the concave cavity is a conical structure, the filling body is a conical body matching the conical structure, and the apex of the conical body is arranged upward.

[0017] Furthermore, the top and the bottom of the explosive confinement shell are both open ends, the loaded explosive and the waveform adjustment mechanism are arranged in the cavity of the explosive confinement shell, the top of the explosive confinement shell is detachably provided with a cover plate, the inner side of the cover plate is provided with a detonator mounting part, and the detonator is installed in the detonator mounting part; the top of the sample confinement shell is a closed end for supporting the explosive confinement shell, the bottom of the sample confinement shell is an open end, and the bottom of the sample confinement shell is detachably provided with a sample cover plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the sample sleeve comprises a sample inner sleeve, the top of the sample inner sleeve is open, and a third gasket is arranged on the top, and the explosive sample is arranged in a cavity formed between the third gasket and the sample inner sleeve.

[0019] Furthermore, the sample sleeve also includes a sample outer sleeve, which is arranged between the sample inner sleeve and the sample restraint shell, the top and bottom of the sample outer sleeve are both open ends, and the top and bottom of the sample outer sleeve are respectively provided with a second gasket and a first gasket, the first pressure sensor is arranged between the third gasket and the second gasket, and the second pressure sensor is arranged between the sample inner sleeve and the first gasket.

[0020] Furthermore, the first gasket, the second gasket, the third gasket, the sample outer sleeve and the sample inner sleeve are all made of plastic, and the plastic includes polytetrafluoroethylene, rubber or nylon.

[0021] Furthermore, the explosive bundle shell and the sample confinement shell are both columnar structures and are coaxially arranged.

[0022] The test method based on the long pulse width ramp wave loading test device comprises the following steps:

[0023] S1. Before the test, design the material and mass of the loading explosive according to the required peak value of the initial loading pressure pulse; design the material, mass ratio and size of the waveform adjustment mechanism according to the pulse width and peak value required for the pressure propagated to the sample confinement shell; design the size of the air gap according to the required pressure waveform;

[0024] S2, assembling a long pulse width ramp wave loading test device according to the design of step S1;

[0025] S3. During the test, the detonator is detonated to load the explosive, and the detonation wave is transmitted to the explosive sample through the air gap, the waveform adjustment mechanism, the sample restraint shell, and the sample sleeve in sequence to load it. The loading pressure of the detonation wave before the explosive sample and the pressure after passing through the sample are respectively collected by the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor.

[0026] The material and mass of the loading explosive determine the peak value of the initial loading pressure pulse, the waveform adjustment mechanism determines the pulse width and peak value of the pressure transmitted to the sample confinement shell, and the air gap plays an important role in the loading pressure peak value and pulse width adjustment. Therefore, before the test, the design of the loading explosive, waveform adjustment mechanism and air gap can achieve a pulse width of 10 with high pressure amplitude. 1 μs level, rising edge 1μs~10 1 Dynamic loading at μs level

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. The present invention can achieve 1μs~10 1 μs level rising frontier, 10 1 Pulse width of μs and pressure amplitude of 1GPa.

[0029] 2. The present invention has strong designability. According to the requirements of the amplitude and pulse width of the pressure pulse, the material and structural dimensions of the loading pressure waveform adjustment mechanism are designed to achieve a pulse width of 10 with a high pressure amplitude. 1 μs level, rising edge 1μs~10 1 Dynamic loading in μs order.

[0030] 3. The cover plate of the present invention is both a cover plate and a detonator mounting component, completing the sealing design of the detonator lead to prevent pressure release after detonation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a long pulse width ramp wave loading test device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is the loading waveform diagram of Example 1.

[0034] Marks and corresponding parts names in the attached drawings:

[0035] 1-cover plate; 2-detonator mounting part; 3-loaded explosive; 4-explosive confinement shell; 5-first pressure sensor; 6-explosive sample; 7-second pressure sensor; 8-first gasket; 9-sample confinement shell; 10-sample cover plate; 11-sample outer sleeve; 12-sample inner sleeve; 13-second gasket; 14-third gasket; 15-filling body; 16-structural body; 17-partition; 18-air gap; 19-detonator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0037] Embodiment 1:

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the long pulse width oblique wave loading test device driven by explosives includes an explosive confinement shell 4 and a sample confinement shell 9 arranged in an upper and lower manner. The explosive confinement shell 4 and the sample confinement shell 9 are both made of steel. The explosive confinement shell 4 and the sample confinement shell 9 are coaxially arranged cylindrical structures, which are connected by bolts. The inner surfaces of the explosive bundle shell 4 and the sample confinement shell 9 are processed smoothly, and the overall coaxiality is good, which ensures the uniformity of the loading of the explosive sample.

[0039] The top and the bottom of the explosive confinement shell 4 are both open ends. The explosive confinement shell 4 has a cavity for installing the loaded explosive 3 and the waveform adjustment mechanism. The top of the explosive confinement shell 4 is fixed with a cover plate 1 by bolts. The inner side of the cover plate 1 is provided with a detonator mounting part 2. The cover plate 1 and the detonator mounting part 2 are an integrated structure. The detonator mounting part 2 is embedded in the upper part of the cavity of the explosive confinement shell 4 and is in close contact with the explosive confinement shell 4.

[0040] The explosive confinement shell 4 is provided with a loading explosive 3 and a waveform adjustment mechanism arranged in an upper and lower manner. The explosive bundle shell 4 and the loading explosive 3 are tightly matched to prevent pressure relief. An air gap 18 is formed between the loading explosive 3 and the waveform adjustment mechanism. The size of the air gap 18 needs to be designed according to the required pressure waveform, which plays an important role in the loading pressure peak and pulse width regulation. The explosive confinement shell 4 is also provided with a detonator 19 for detonating the loaded explosive 3. Specifically, the detonator 19 is installed in the cover plate 1 and the detonator mounting part 2, that is, the cover plate 1 can be used to close the top of the explosive confinement shell 4 and is also a detonator mounting component, completing the sealing design of the detonator lead to prevent pressure relief after detonation. The bottom of the waveform adjustment mechanism is in contact with the top of the sample confinement shell 9.

[0041] The waveform adjustment mechanism includes a filling body 15, a structure 16 and a partition 17; the bottom of the structure 16 is recessed upward to form a cavity, the filling body 15 is filled in the cavity, and the filling body 15 and the cavity are in close contact; the partition 17 is arranged in contact at the top of the structure 16, and the loading waveform is adjusted by changing the structure and size of the filling body 15, the structure 16, the partition 17 and the air gap 18.

[0042] Exemplarily, the cavity is a conical structure, and the filling body 15 is a conical body matching the conical structure, the apex of the cone is set upward, that is, the filling body 15 is a cone, the structural body 16 is a cylinder as a whole, and the bottom is concave upward to form a conical cavity, and the filling body 15 and the structural body 16 become a cylinder after assembly; the material of the partition 17 and the filling body 15 is a rigid metal material with structural support of a certain strength, and the rigid metal material includes steel or iron, and the material of the structural body 16 is plastic, and the plastic can be polytetrafluoroethylene, rubber or nylon.

[0043] The top of the sample confinement shell 9 is a closed end for supporting the explosive confinement shell 4 , and the bottom of the sample confinement shell 9 is an open end, which is connected to the sample cover plate 10 by bolts.

[0044] In this embodiment, the cover plate 1 and the explosive confinement shell 4, the explosive bundle shell 4 and the sample confinement shell 9, and the sample confinement shell 9 and the sample cover plate 10 are connected by bolts, and the main structures are kept coaxial.

[0045] A sample sleeve is arranged in the sample confinement shell 9, an explosive sample 6 is arranged in the sample sleeve, and a first pressure sensor 5 and a second pressure sensor 7 are respectively installed on the top and the bottom of the sample sleeve;

[0046] The waveform adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the detonation wave generated by the detonation of the loaded explosive 3. After the detonation wave is adjusted, it is transmitted to the explosive sample 6 through the sample restraint shell 9 and the sample sleeve in sequence. The first pressure sensor 5 and the second pressure sensor 7 are used to collect the loading pressure of the detonation wave before the explosive sample 6 and the pressure after passing through the explosive sample 6 respectively.

[0047] Exemplarily, the sample sleeve includes a sample inner sleeve 12 and a sample outer sleeve 11 .

[0048] The top of the sample inner sleeve 12 is an open end, and a third gasket 14 is arranged at the top. The explosive sample 6 is arranged in the cavity formed between the third gasket 14 and the sample inner sleeve 12; the sample outer sleeve 11 is arranged between the sample inner sleeve 12 and the sample restraint shell 9, and the top and bottom of the sample outer sleeve 11 are both open ends. The top and bottom of the sample outer sleeve 11 are respectively provided with a second gasket 13 and a first gasket 8, the first pressure sensor 5 is arranged between the third gasket 14 and the second gasket 13, and the second pressure sensor 7 is arranged between the sample inner sleeve 12 and the first gasket 8.

[0049] The first gasket 8 , the second gasket 13 , the third gasket 14 , the sample outer sleeve 11 and the sample inner sleeve 12 may all be made of plastic, and the plastic may be polytetrafluoroethylene, rubber or nylon.

[0050] Preferably, in this embodiment, outside the filling body 15 , all structural parts are cylinders or cylindrical shells, wherein the first pressure sensor 5 and the second pressure sensor 7 are arranged at the center axis position of the first gasket 8 , the sample inner sleeve 12 , the second gasket 13 and the third gasket 14 .

[0051] The test method of the long pulse width ramp wave loading test device according to this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0052] S1. Before the test, the material and mass of the loading explosive are designed according to the required peak value of the initial loading pressure pulse; the material, mass ratio and size of the waveform adjustment mechanism are designed according to the pulse width and peak value required for the pressure propagated to the sample confinement shell 9; the size of the air gap 18 is designed according to the required pressure waveform;

[0053] S2, assembling a long pulse width ramp wave loading test device according to the design of step S1;

[0054] S3. During the test, the detonator 19 is detonated to load the explosive 3. The detonation wave is transmitted to the explosive sample 6 through the air gap 18, the waveform adjustment mechanism, the sample restraint shell 9, and the sample sleeve in sequence to load it. The loading pressure of the detonation wave before the explosive sample 6 and the pressure after passing through the sample are respectively collected by the first pressure sensor 5 and the second pressure sensor 7.

[0055] A specific example based on this embodiment is as follows:

[0056] The filling body 15 and the partition 17 of the waveform adjustment mechanism are made of steel, the structure 16 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, and the pore gap 18 is filled with gas. The size of the loaded explosive 3 is Φ50mm×50mm, and the wall thickness of the explosive confinement shell 4 is 50mm. The size of the sample explosive 6 is Φ20mm×20mm, and the materials of the first gasket 8, the second gasket 13, the third gasket 14, the sample outer sleeve 11 and the sample inner sleeve 12 are all polytetrafluoroethylene; the sample confinement shell 9 is made of steel with a wall thickness of 40mm.

[0057] The specific test process of this case is as follows: turn on the ignition switch, and the detonator 19 installed in the detonator installation part 2 detonates the loaded explosive 3. The detonation wave passes through the air gap 18, the waveform adjustment mechanism, the sample restraint shell 9, the second gasket 13, and the third gasket 14 in sequence to the explosive sample 6 to load it. The pressure sensors 5 and 7 can respectively collect the loading pressure before the sample and the pressure waveform after passing through the sample.

[0058] The specific test results of this embodiment are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2The pressure curves above and below the explosive sample 6 are given as a function of time, with the horizontal axis representing time in μs and the vertical axis representing pressure in GPa. The pressure pulse width during the compression process of the explosive sample 6 is about 40 μs, the pressure rise time is about 6 μs, and the pressure peak is about 1 GPa. The pressure pulse width after transmission from the sample explosive 6 is about 22 μs, the pressure rise time is about 18 μs, and the pressure peak is about 0.77 GPa. The test results show that the present invention can achieve a pulse width of about 10 1 μs level, rising edge 1μs~10 1 Dynamic loading with μs level and pressure amplitude of 1GPa level.

[0059] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so they have no substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and the like cited in this specification are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the implementation of the present invention. The change or adjustment of the relative relationship should also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

Claims

1. A long pulse width ramp loading test device based on explosive drive, characterized in that: It comprises an explosive confinement shell (4) and a sample confinement shell (9) which are arranged vertically; The explosive confinement shell (4) is provided with a loading explosive (3) and a waveform adjustment mechanism arranged in an upper and lower manner, an air gap (18) is formed between the loading explosive (3) and the waveform adjustment mechanism, and a detonator (19) for detonating the loading explosive (3) is also provided in the explosive confinement shell (4), and the bottom of the waveform adjustment mechanism is in contact with the top of the sample confinement shell (9); A sample sleeve is arranged in the sample confinement shell (9), an explosive sample (6) is arranged in the sample sleeve, and a first pressure sensor (5) and a second pressure sensor (7) are respectively installed on the top and bottom of the sample sleeve; The waveform adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the detonation wave generated by the detonation of the loaded explosive (3); after the detonation wave is adjusted, it is sequentially transmitted to the explosive sample (6) through the sample confinement shell (9) and the sample sleeve; the first pressure sensor (5) and the second pressure sensor (7) are used to collect the loading pressure of the detonation wave before the explosive sample (6) and the pressure after passing through the explosive sample (6), respectively; The waveform adjustment mechanism comprises a filling body (15), a structure (16) and a partition (17); the partition (17) and the filling body (15) are made of rigid metal materials, and the structure (16) is made of plastic; The bottom of the structure (16) is recessed upward to form a cavity, the filling body (15) is filled in the cavity, and the filling body (15) and the cavity are in close contact; the partition (17) is arranged in a contact manner on the top of the structure (16).

2. The long pulse width ramp loading test device based on explosive drive according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rigid metal material includes steel or iron, and the plastic includes polytetrafluoroethylene, rubber or nylon.

3. The long pulse width ramp loading test device based on explosive drive according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The concave cavity is a conical structure, the filling body (15) is a conical body matching the conical structure, and the apex of the conical body is arranged upward.

4. The long pulse width ramp loading test device based on explosive drive according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top and bottom of the explosive confinement shell (4) are both open ends, the loaded explosive (3) and the waveform adjustment mechanism are arranged in the cavity of the explosive confinement shell (4), the top of the explosive confinement shell (4) is detachably provided with a cover plate (1), the inner side of the cover plate (1) is provided with a detonator mounting portion (2), and the detonator (19) is installed in the detonator mounting portion (2); the top of the sample confinement shell (9) is a closed end for supporting the explosive confinement shell (4), the bottom of the sample confinement shell (9) is an open end, and the bottom of the sample confinement shell (9) is detachably provided with a sample cover plate (10).

5. The long pulse width ramp loading test device based on explosive drive according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sample sleeve comprises a sample inner sleeve (12), the top of the sample inner sleeve (12) is open, and a third gasket (14) is arranged on the top, and the explosive sample (6) is arranged in a cavity formed between the third gasket (14) and the sample inner sleeve (12).

6. The long pulse width ramp loading test device based on explosive drive according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The sample sleeve further comprises a sample outer sleeve (11), wherein the sample outer sleeve (11) is arranged between the sample inner sleeve (12) and the sample restraining shell (9), the top and the bottom of the sample outer sleeve (11) are both open ends, the top and the bottom of the sample outer sleeve (11) are respectively provided with a second gasket (13) and a first gasket (8), the first pressure sensor (5) is arranged between the third gasket (14) and the second gasket (13), and the second pressure sensor (7) is arranged between the sample inner sleeve (12) and the first gasket (8).

7. The long pulse width ramp loading test device based on explosive drive according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The first gasket (8), the second gasket (13), the third gasket (14), the sample outer sleeve (11) and the sample inner sleeve (12) are all made of plastic, and the plastic includes polytetrafluoroethylene, rubber or nylon.

8. The long pulse width ramp loading test device based on explosive drive according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The explosive confinement shell (4) and the sample confinement shell (9) are both columnar structures and are coaxially arranged.

9. A test method based on the long pulse width ramp wave loading test device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Before the test, the material and mass of the loading explosive are designed according to the required peak value of the initial loading pressure pulse; the material, mass ratio and size of the waveform adjustment mechanism are designed according to the pulse width and peak value required for the pressure propagated to the sample confinement shell (9); the size of the air gap (18) is designed according to the required pressure waveform; S2, assembling a long pulse width ramp wave loading test device according to the design of step S1; S3. During the test, the detonator (19) is detonated to load the explosive (3), and the detonation wave is transmitted to the explosive sample (6) through the air gap (18), the waveform adjustment mechanism, the sample restraining shell (9), and the sample sleeve in sequence to load it. The loading pressure of the detonation wave before the explosive sample (6) and the pressure after passing through the sample are respectively collected by the first pressure sensor (5) and the second pressure sensor (7).

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