A drilling force increasing and hole expanding mechanism

Abstract

The present invention discloses a drilling force-enhancing and hole-expanding mechanism, which includes an upper stabilizer, a counterweight, a tripod support frame, a torque tube, a star-shaped support arm, a cutter disc, and a lower stabilizer. The entire device is installed on a drill string, and a mother groove is provided in the tripod support frame. The drill string passes through the upper stabilizer, the counterweight, and is finally fixed in the mother groove. The counterweight is supported by the tripod support frame, and the mass of the counterweight is the axial drilling force applied to the cutter disc. The cutter disc is connected to the tripod support frame through a star-shaped support arm and a torque tube. The upper stabilizer and the lower stabilizer are respectively located at the drill string and directly below the center part of the cutter disc. The present invention is suitable for the hole-expanding operation of vertical holes, and can drill larger holes in a basically continuous manner, which reduces the difficulty of the hole-expanding operation and improves the efficiency. The device has a compact and simple structure, high reliability, strong operability, and good applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a drilling force-enhancing hole-expanding mechanism, which is suitable for the hole-expanding operation of a small hole substantially vertical to the ground. Background Art

[0002] A hole reamer is a commonly used hole reamer in geological prospecting. There are many types of hole reamer on the market, such as barrel hole reamer, rock hole reamer, etc. These hole reamers are large in size, have low drilling efficiency, and their parts are easily damaged. They have insufficient cutting force on soil and rocks. Large pieces of soil and gravel are easy to get stuck or cause damage to the reamer and other parts. On the other hand, the hole reamer has a large hole expansion resistance, resulting in low drilling efficiency. On the other hand, soil will be discharged during drilling, resulting in dust flying during operation, affecting the work of the staff.

[0003] In the existing technology, the working process of the reamer is often intermittent. If the reaming diameter needs to be increased, the reamer needs to be disassembled and assembled as a whole, which is very cumbersome and unsafe. After the adjustment is made, there will be a certain error in the coincidence of the axis in the subsequent work. Summary of the invention

[0004] Technical problem: The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, give full consideration to the convenience of later maintenance, and design a basically continuous hole expansion process. Through the design of parts, the staff can more easily maintain and adjust the machine.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A drilling force-enhancing and hole-expanding mechanism includes an upper stabilizer, a counterweight, a tripod support, a torque tube, a star-shaped support arm, a cutterhead, a lower stabilizer, a water pipe, and an overflow valve installed on a drill string. The drill string passes through the upper stabilizer and the counterweight from top to bottom until it is fixed in a female groove arranged in a triangular support frame. The counterweight is supported by the tripod support frame, and the mass of the counterweight is the axial drilling force applied to the cutterhead. The cutterhead is connected and fixed by a star-shaped support arm, the torque tube is connected to the lower part of the tripod support frame, the upper stabilizer and the lower stabilizer are respectively located directly below the center of the drill string and the cutterhead, and the drill string drives the counterweight, the tripod support frame, the torque tube, the star-shaped support arm, and the cutterhead to rotate, thereby expanding the aperture and drilling downward. During operation, the upper stabilizer and the lower stabilizer do not rotate, while the counterweight, the tripod support frame, the torque tube, the star-shaped support arm, and the cutterhead all rotate with the drill string to expand the aperture and drill downward.

[0007] Preferably, six pneumatic cylinders radially fixed to the upper stabilizer hub are evenly mounted on the upper stabilizer, the support plate is arranged on the pneumatic cylinders, and the hydraulic cylinders are connected to the wheel assembly.

[0008] Preferably, the wheel assembly is composed of an elastic wheel, a rigid wheel, a bearing and a wheel hub; the elastic wheel and the rigid wheel share a same rotating shaft; and the interior of the elastic wheel is filled with an elastic material such as polyurethane.

[0009] Preferably, the upper stabilizer hub is composed of a load isolator, a segmented clamp, a sealing ring, a bearing, an outer ring and an inner ring, and the bearing drives the inner ring and the drill string to rotate.

[0010] Preferably, a planetary reducer for providing torque for the rotation of the cutter disc is installed on the upper stabilizer, and the planetary reducer is installed inside the outer ring. The planetary reducer consists of a sun gear, a planet carrier, planetary gears, and a ring gear.

[0011] Preferably, the counterweight consists of a counterweight plate and a counterweight clamp, the counterweight plate is provided with a manhole and a first fixed rod hole, the counterweight plate is fixed by the second fixed rod hole and the counterweight clamp, the counterweight clamp is provided with a first fixed rod hole, and the counterweight clamp is centered on the counterweight hub and is axially assembled with a clamp arm outward.

[0012] Preferably, a spline for fixing a drill string is provided at the center of the tripod support frame, the center of the spline is a wheel hub, and a planetary arm is radially processed outward from the wheel hub, and a third fixing rod hole is processed at one end of the planetary arm.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the torque tube and the star-shaped support arm are both installed below the triangular support frame, and the other end is installed above the cutter disc, so as to transmit the torque to the cutter disc.

[0014] Preferably, the lower stabilizer is respectively composed of a stabilizer hub, a wheel arm, a wheel seat, a rotating wheel, an outer ring, a buffer, a pin and a pin sleeve. Five wheel arms are installed on the outer ring. The wheel arms are positioned on the pins through pin sleeves. When the rotating wheel vibrates during movement, the wheel arms can rotate around the pins under the action of the buffer. The elastic wheel acting on the upper stabilizer is the same. A wheel seat for supporting the rotating wheel is installed on the wheel arm.

[0015] Preferably, the cutter disc is composed of a cutter disc hub, a stabilizing frame, five cutter disc arms and five arm extensions, and the cutter disc arms and arm extensions are equipped with rollers for breaking rocks.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the drilling force-increasing and hole-expanding mechanism of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] The present invention is suitable for the expansion operation of vertical holes, and can drill larger holes in a basically continuous manner, thereby reducing the difficulty of the expansion operation and improving the efficiency. The device has a compact and simple structure, high reliability, strong operability and good applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the hole expansion device of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a top view of the upper stabilizer of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is the wheel set in the upper stabilizer of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a hub in an upper stabilizer of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a planetary reducer in an upper stabilizer of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 is a top view of the counterweight of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a counterweight fixture in the counterweight of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 It is the counterweight plate in the counterweight of the present invention;

[0026] Fig. 9 is a top view of the tripod support frame of the present invention;

[0027] Fig.10 is a top view of the lower stabilizer of the present invention;

[0028] Fig.11 is a cross-sectional view of the lower stabilizer of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.12 is a top view of the cutter disc of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.13 This is a top view of the cutter head after the aperture is increased;

[0031] In the figure: 0-drill string, 1-upper stabilizer, 2-counterweight, 3-trip support, 4-torque tube, 5-star support arm, 6-cutter head, 7-lower stabilizer, 8-water pipe, 9-overflow valve, 1-1-upper stabilizer hub, 1-2-support plate, 1-3-pneumatic cylinder, 1-4-wheel assembly, 1-4-1-elastic wheel, 1-4-2-rigid wheel, 1-1-1-load isolator, 1-1-2-segmented clamp, 1-1-3-sealing ring, 1-1-4-bearing, 1-1-5-outer ring, 1-1-6-inner ring, 1-5-planetary reducer, 1-5-1-sun gear, 1-5-2- Planet carrier, 1-5-3-planetary gear, 1-5-4-gear ring, 2-1-counterweight clamp, 2-2-counterweight plate, 2-2-1 manhole, 2-1-1-first fixing rod hole, 2-2-2-second fixing rod hole, 2-3-counterweight hub, 2-1-2 clamp arm, 3-1-third fixing rod hole, 3-2-planetary arm, 3-3-hub, 3-4-spline, 6-1-stabilizer hub, 6-2-wheel arm, 6-3-wheel seat, 6-4-rotating wheel, 6-5-outer ring, 6-6-buffer, 6-7-pin, 6-8-pin sleeve, 7-1-cutter arm, 7-1-A-shortest cutter arm, 7-2-arm extension, 7-2A longest arm extension, 7-3-cutter hub, 7-4-stabilizer, 7-5-growth arm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0033] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In addition, the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module may exist separately, or two or more modules may be integrated to form an independent part.

[0035] The working principle is described in detail as follows:

[0036] like Figure 1As shown, a drilling force-enhancing and hole-expanding mechanism includes an upper stabilizer 1, a counterweight 2, a tripod support frame 3, a torque tube 4, a star-shaped support arm 5, a cutter head 6, a lower stabilizer 7, a water pipe 8, and an overflow valve 9, which are installed on a drill string 0. The drill string 0 passes through the upper stabilizer 1 and the counterweight 2 from top to bottom until it is fixed in a female groove arranged in the tripod support frame 3. The counterweight 2 is supported by the tripod support frame 3, and the mass of the counterweight 2 is the axial drilling force applied to the cutter head 6. The cutter head 6 is connected and fixed by the star-shaped support arm 5, the torque tube 4 is connected to the lower part of the tripod support frame 3, the upper stabilizer 1 and the lower stabilizer 7 are respectively located directly below the center of the drill string 0 and the cutter head 6, and the drill string 0 drives the counterweight 2, the tripod support frame 3, the torque tube 4, the star-shaped support arm 5 and the cutter head 6 to rotate, thereby expanding the aperture and drilling downward. During operation, the upper stabilizer 1 and the lower stabilizer 7 do not rotate, while the counterweight 2, the tripod support frame 3, the torque tube 4, the star support arm 5, and the cutter head 6 all rotate together with the drill string 0 to expand the hole diameter downward and drill.

[0037] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the upper stabilizer 1 is evenly mounted with six pneumatic cylinders 1-3 radially fixed to the upper stabilizer hub 1-1, the support plate 1-2 is arranged on the pneumatic cylinder 1-3, the hydraulic cylinder 1-3 is connected with the wheel assembly 1-4, wherein the length of the hydraulic cylinder 1-3 can be pre-designed according to the different requirements of the hole, and when working, the hydraulic cylinder is supplied with pressure by the high-pressure water in the drill rod 0, which plays a role in keeping the wheel assembly close to the rock wall at all times, and when encountering an uneven rock wall, the pressure in the hydraulic cylinder suddenly increases, and the relief valve 9 begins to overflow, shortening the hydraulic rod, so that the obstacle can be passed with the least possible vibration, and after passing the obstacle, the wheel assembly is again close to the wall surface through the high-pressure water in the drill rod 0. It should be noted that the opening pressure of the relief valve 9 should be slightly greater than the water pressure in the drill rod 0, and the water pipe at the other end of the relief valve needs to be connected to the ground to prevent liquid from flowing into the device.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the wheel assembly 1-4 is composed of an elastic wheel 1-4-1, a rigid wheel 1-4-2, a bearing and a wheel hub. The elastic wheel 1-4-1 and the rigid wheel 1-4-2 share the same rotating shaft, and the interior of the elastic wheel 1-4-1 is filled with an elastic material such as polyurethane. During operation, if the aperture suddenly changes locally, the elastic wheel 1-4-1 can prevent excessive radial force on the drill string 0 by deformation. The rigid wheel 1-4-2 is made of rigid material to control the deformation limit of the elastic wheel 1-4-1 to prevent the axis from bending due to excessive deformation. The size of the rigid wheel 1-4-2 can be designed in advance through the aperture, error tolerance, etc.

[0039] like Figure 3-5As shown, the upper stabilizer hub 1-1 is composed of a load isolator 1-1-1, a segmented fixture 1-1-2, a sealing ring 1-1-3, a bearing 1-1-4, an outer ring 1-1-5 and an inner ring 1-1-6, and the bearing drives the inner ring 1-1-6 and the drill string 0 to rotate. The outer ring 1-1-5 and the device connected thereto are fixed and do not rotate, the sealing ring 1-1-3 is mainly used to seal the oil, and the load isolator 1-1-1 and the segmented fixture 1-1-2 are mainly used for positioning.

[0040] The upper stabilizer 1 is equipped with a planetary reducer 1-5 for providing torque for the rotation of the cutter head 7. The planetary reducer 1-5 is installed inside the outer ring 1-1-5. The planetary reducer 1-5 is composed of a sun gear 1-5-1, a planet carrier 1-5-2, a planetary gear 1-5-3, and a ring gear 1-5-4. The sun gear 1-5-1 is meshed with the inner ring 1-1-6 by means of a spline 3-4 to obtain input, the ring gear 1-5-4 is fixed, and the planet carrier 1-5-2 is used as an output shaft to output torque downward.

[0041] like Figure 6-8 As shown, the counterweight 2 is composed of a counterweight plate 2-2 and a counterweight fixture 2-1. The counterweight plate 2-2 is provided with a manhole 2-2-1 and a first fixing rod hole 2-2-2. The counterweight plate 2-2 is fixed by the second fixing rod hole 2-2-2 and the counterweight fixture 2-1. The counterweight fixture 2-1 is provided with a first fixing rod hole 2-1-1. The counterweight fixture 2-1 is centered on the counterweight hub 2-3 and is axially equipped with a fixture arm 2-1-2 outward, which mainly plays the role of fixing the counterweight plate 2-2 during operation. The processing of the manhole 2-2-1 is mainly to make it easier to reach the cutter head 7 below during subsequent maintenance or replacement of parts without disassembling the counterweight.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Fig. 9 As shown, the center of the tripod support frame 3 is provided with a spline 3-4 for fixing the drill string 0, the center of the spline 3-4 is a hub 3-3, and a planetary arm 3-2 is radially processed outward from the hub 3-3, and a third fixing rod hole 3-1 is processed at one end.

[0043] One end of the torque tube 4 and the star-shaped support arm 5 are both installed below the triangular support frame 3 , and the other end is installed above the cutter disc 7 , so as to transmit the torque to the cutter disc 7 .

[0044] like Figure 10-11As shown, the lower stabilizer 6 is respectively composed of a stabilizer hub 6-1, a wheel arm 6-2, a wheel seat 6-3, a rotating wheel 6-4, an outer ring 6-5, a buffer 6-6, a pin 6-7 and a pin sleeve 6-8. Five wheel arms 6-2 are installed on the outer ring 6-5. The wheel arms 6-2 are positioned on the pin 6-7 through the pin sleeve 6-8. When the rotating wheel 6-4 vibrates during travel, the wheel arm 6-2 can rotate around the pin 6-7 under the action of the buffer 6-6. The elastic wheel acting on the upper stabilizer 1 is the same. The wheel arm 6-2 is installed with a wheel seat 6-3 for supporting the rotating wheel 6-4, and its function is to provide a support for the rotating wheel 6-4. This component does not rotate during operation, and its main function is to ensure that the enlarged hole is basically consistent with the axis of the original small hole.

[0045] like Figure 12-13 As shown, the cutterhead 7 is composed of a cutterhead hub 7-3, a stabilizing frame 7-4, five cutterhead arms 7-1 and five arm extensions 7-2. The cutterhead arms 7-1 and arm extensions 7-2 are equipped with rollers for breaking rocks. The length of each cutterhead arm is different. In this paper, the shortest cutterhead arm is marked as 7-1A, and each cutterhead arm 7-1 increases in turn from 7-1A counterclockwise, and is represented as 7-1B, 7-1C, 7-1D, 7-1E, respectively, and the length difference between each adjacent arm is the same. On the contrary, the longest arm extension 7-2 is marked as 7-2A, and each arm extension 7-2 decreases in turn from 7-2A counterclockwise, and is represented as 7-2B, 7-2C, 7-2D, 7-2E, respectively, and the length difference between each adjacent arm is the same. In this way, the overall length of the arms carrying rollers can be experimentally approximately the same.

[0046] At the same time, the cutter disc 7 can realize the increase of the cutter disc diameter in a basically continuous manner, the method is: install an extension arm 7-5A on the shortest cutter disc arm 7-1A, its length is five times the difference between the adjacent arm lengths. After installation, move the extension arm 7-2 counterclockwise one position and install it, that is, 7-2A is installed on 7-1B, 7-2B is installed on 7-1C, and so on, so that the diameter of the cutter disc (7) can be increased, and it can be ensured that the lengths of the various arms of the cutter disc 7 after the increase are still basically the same. If it is still necessary to increase it later, just install the same extension arm 7-5A on the cutter disc arm 7-1B, and then repeat the above operation.

[0047] The examples given in the present invention are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here, and the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling force-enlarging and hole-expanding mechanism, comprising, in sequence, an upper stabilizer (1) mounted on a drill string (0), a counterweight (2), a tripod support frame (3), a torque tube (4), a star-shaped support arm (5), a cutter head (6), a lower stabilizer (7), a water pipe (8), and an overflow valve (9), characterized in that: The drill string (0) passes through the upper stabilizer (1) and the counterweight (2) in sequence from top to bottom until it is fixed in a female groove arranged in the tripod support frame (3); the counterweight (2) is supported by the tripod support frame (3); the cutter head (6) is connected and fixed via a star-shaped support arm (5); the torque tube (4) is connected to the lower part of the tripod support frame (3); the upper stabilizer (1) and the lower stabilizer (7) are respectively located directly below the center of the drill string (0) and the cutter head (6); the drill string (0) drives the counterweight (2), the tripod support frame (3), the torque tube (4), the star-shaped support arm (5) and the cutter head (6) to rotate, thereby expanding the aperture and drilling downwards; Six pneumatic cylinders (1-3) are evenly mounted on the upper stabilizer (1) and are radially fixed to the upper stabilizer hub (1-1); a support plate (1-2) is arranged on the pneumatic cylinders (1-3); and the pneumatic cylinders (1-3) are connected to wheel assemblies (1-4); The upper stabilizer (1) is provided with a planetary reducer (1-5) for providing torque for the rotation of the cutter disc (6); the planetary reducer (1-5) is installed inside the outer ring (1-1-5) of the upper stabilizer; the planetary reducer (1-5) is composed of a sun gear (1-5-1), a planet carrier (1-5-2), a planetary gear (1-5-3), and a ring gear (1-5-4); The lower stabilizer (7) is respectively composed of a stabilizer hub (6-1), a wheel arm (6-2), a wheel seat (6-3), a rotating wheel (6-4), a lower stabilizer outer ring (6-5), a buffer (6-6), a pin shaft (6-7) and a pin shaft sleeve (6-8); five wheel arms (6-2) are mounted on the lower stabilizer outer ring (6-5); the wheel arms (6-2) are positioned on the pin shaft (6-7) through the pin shaft sleeve (6-8); when the rotating wheel (6-4) vibrates during travel, the wheel arms (6-2) rotate around the pin shaft (6-7) under the action of the buffer (6-6); and a wheel seat (6-3) for supporting the rotating wheel (6-4) is mounted on the wheel arms (6-2); The cutterhead (6) is composed of a cutterhead hub (7-3), a stabilizing frame (7-4), five cutterhead arms (7-1) and five arm extensions (7-2); the cutterhead arms (7-1) and the arm extensions (7-2) are provided with roller cutters for breaking rocks.

2. A drilling force amplification and hole expansion mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wheel assembly (1-4) is composed of an elastic wheel (1-4-1), a rigid wheel (1-4-2), a bearing, and a wheel hub; the elastic wheel (1-4-1) and the rigid wheel (1-4-2) share a common rotating shaft; and the interior of the elastic wheel (1-4-1) is filled with polyurethane.

3. A drilling force amplification and hole expansion mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper stabilizer hub (1-1) is composed of a load isolator (1-1-1), a segmented clamp (1-1-2), a sealing ring (1-1-3), a bearing (1-1-4), an upper stabilizer outer ring (1-1-5) and an inner ring (1-1-6), and the bearing drives the inner ring (1-1-6) and the drill string (0) to rotate.

4. A drilling force amplification and hole expansion mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight (2) is composed of a counterweight plate (2-2) and a counterweight clamp (2-1); the counterweight plate (2-2) is provided with a manhole (2-2-1) and a second fixing rod hole (2-2-2); the counterweight plate (2-2) is fixed via the second fixing rod hole (2-2-2) and the counterweight clamp (2-1); the counterweight clamp (2-1) is provided with a first fixing rod hole (2-1-1); and the counterweight clamp (2-1) is axially mounted with a clamp arm (2-1-2) outwardly with the counterweight hub (2-3) as the center.

5. The drilling force amplification and hole expansion mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spline (3-4) for fixing a drill string (0) is provided at the center of the tripod support frame (3); the center of the spline (3-4) is a wheel hub (3-3); a planetary arm (3-2) is machined radially outward from the wheel hub (3-3); and a third fixing rod hole (3-1) is machined at the other end of the planetary arm (3-2).

6. The drilling force amplification and hole expansion mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the torque tube (4) and the star-shaped support arm (5) are both installed below the tripod support frame (3), and the other end is installed above the cutter disc (6), so as to transmit torque to the cutter disc (6).

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