Vertebrae drilling mechanism and grinding drill device

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of medical technology, and specifically discloses a vertebral plate drilling mechanism and a grinding drill device. The vertebral plate drilling mechanism comprises: a connecting base and a grinding drill assembly that are arranged oppositely and at intervals, a connecting rod assembly connected between the connecting base and the grinding drill assembly, and the connecting rod assembly has a limited state, an extended state, and a retracted state. When the connecting rod assembly is in the limited state, the two connecting rods have a first angle and are restricted to rotate in the direction of the two connecting rods being relatively closed. When the connecting rod assembly is in the extended state, the angle between the two connecting rods is 180°. When the connecting rod assembly is in the retracted state, the two connecting rods have a second angle, and the openings of the first angle and the second angle are in opposite directions, and the second angle is smaller than the first angle. The first elastic member always applies elastic potential energy to the connecting rod assembly to keep or restore the connecting rod assembly to the retracted state. The vertebral plate drilling mechanism and the grinding drill device disclosed by the present invention can improve the safety and reliability of vertebral plate opening and reduce the fatigue of doctors during surgery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of medical technology, in particular to a vertebral plate drilling mechanism and a grinding drill device. Background Art

[0002] Cervical spondylosis is a common disease in modern life. Diseases such as cervical spinal stenosis, cervical posterior longitudinal ligament sclerosis, and cervical spondylotic myelopathy have long plagued patients and have had a great impact on their production and life.

[0003] Laminectomy is an important method for treating the above diseases. During spinal laminectomy, the lamina is ground and the spinous process is removed to open a window, thereby establishing a surgical path. Usually, the grinding and removal of the lamina is achieved by the doctor using a hand-held drill to make a hole. The effect of the operation mainly depends on the doctor's experience and skills. Since the dura mater is located below the lamina, if the force is not appropriate or the depth is not well controlled when breaking through the lamina, it will cause irreversible damage to the spinal cord, affecting the safety and reliability of the operation. Relying on the doctor's experience and technology to control the safety of the operation will result in a longer operation time, greater labor intensity and prone to nerve fatigue, further reducing the safety of the operation.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a lamina drilling mechanism and a grinding drill device to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vertebral plate drilling mechanism and a grinding drill device, which can improve the safety of vertebral plate drilling, reduce the requirements for doctor's experience, and improve the safety and reliability of surgery.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A lamina drilling mechanism, comprising:

[0008] A connecting base, used for connecting with a power device;

[0009] A grinding drill assembly is arranged opposite to and spaced from the connection base along a first direction, and a first end of the grinding drill assembly away from the connection base has a drill bit;

[0010] A connecting rod assembly, comprising two connecting rods hinged to each other at first ends, and second ends of the two connecting rods hinged to the connecting base and the grinding drill assembly respectively, so that the connecting base and the grinding drill assembly can approach or move away from each other in the first direction;

[0011] The connecting rod assembly has a limited state, an extended state and a retracted state. When the connecting rod assembly is in the limited state, a first angle is formed between the two connecting rods and the connecting rod is limited to rotate in the direction in which the two connecting rods are relatively closed. When the connecting rod assembly is in the extended state, the angle between the two connecting rods is 180°. When the connecting rod assembly is in the retracted state, the two connecting rods have a second angle. The openings of the first angle and the second angle are in opposite directions, and the second angle is smaller than the first angle.

[0012] The lamina drilling mechanism further comprises a first elastic member, which always applies elastic potential energy to the connecting rod assembly to make the connecting rod assembly maintain or return to the retracted state.

[0013] As an optional technical solution of the lamina drilling mechanism, the lamina drilling mechanism further includes a telescopic component, the telescopic component is connected between the connecting base and the grinding drill component, and the telescopic component can be telescoped along the first direction.

[0014] As an optional technical solution of the lamina drilling mechanism, when the connecting rod assembly is in the limited state, the angle tip of the first angle abuts against the telescopic assembly, so that the telescopic assembly limits the connecting rod from rotating in the direction of closing the two connecting rods;

[0015] And / or, at least two connecting rod assemblies are evenly spaced along the circumference of the telescopic assembly.

[0016] As an optional technical solution of the lamina drilling mechanism, the first ends of the two connecting rods are hinged by a rotating shaft, the first elastic member is a torsion spring, the torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the two ends of the torsion spring are respectively fixed relative to the two connecting rods;

[0017] And / or, the drill bit assembly includes a sliding seat and a drill bit, the sliding seat and the connecting base are opposite to each other and spaced apart in the first direction, the connecting rod assembly is connected to the sliding seat, the drill bit is connected to a side of the sliding seat away from the connecting base, and the drill bit is provided at the end of the drill bit.

[0018] As an optional technical solution of the lamina drilling mechanism, the lamina drilling mechanism further includes a locking assembly, and the locking assembly is used to lock the relative positions of the connecting base and the grinding drill assembly when the connecting rod assembly is in the retracted state.

[0019] As an optional technical solution for the lamina drilling mechanism, a fixed sleeve is connected to one end of the connecting base facing the grinding drill assembly, and the grinding drill assembly is connected to a sliding sleeve. The sliding sleeve can be slidably inserted in the fixed sleeve along a first direction, and the locking assembly is installed in the fixed sleeve and is used to lock the relative positions of the fixed sleeve and the sliding sleeve.

[0020] As an optional technical solution of the lamina drilling mechanism, the outer side wall of the fixed sleeve close to the connecting base is provided with a bayonet, and the side wall of the sliding sleeve away from the grinding drill assembly is provided with an escape opening connected to the inner cavity thereof;

[0021] The locking assembly comprises a second elastic member and a locking block, wherein the second elastic member is located inside the sliding sleeve and the two ends of the second elastic member are respectively connected to the sliding sleeve and the locking block, the locking block is movably connected to the opening side wall of the avoidance opening, and the locking assembly has an unlocked state and a locked state;

[0022] When the locking assembly is in the unlocked state, the locking block is squeezed by the inner wall of the fixed sleeve and is located in the sliding sleeve, and the second elastic member is in a compressed state;

[0023] When the locking assembly is in the locking state, the escape opening is directly connected to the bayonet opening, and the locking block extends out of the bayonet opening from the escape opening under the elastic force of the second elastic member.

[0024] The grinding and drilling device comprises the lamina drilling mechanism as described above, and also comprises a power device, wherein the power device is connected to the connecting base, and the power device is used to drive the lamina drilling mechanism to rotate around a rotation axis extending in a first direction.

[0025] As an optional technical solution of the drill grinding device, it also includes a protective shell, the protective shell is fixedly connected to the power device, the protective shell and the power device are surrounded by a protective cavity, and the bottom of the protective cavity is provided with a perforation;

[0026] When the connecting rod assembly is in the retracted state, the lamina drilling mechanisms are all located in the protection cavity;

[0027] When the connecting rod assembly is in the extended state and the limited state, the drill bit extends out of the protection cavity through the through hole.

[0028] As an optional technical solution of the grinding drill device, a side of the protective shell away from the power device is an abutment plane, the abutment plane is perpendicular to the first direction, and the through hole is opened on the abutment plane.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] The vertebral plate drilling mechanism provided by the present invention is provided with a connecting rod assembly and a first elastic member, so that the connecting rod assembly can be sequentially converted from a limited state to an extended state and a retracted state under the action of the elastic potential energy of the first elastic member, and when the connecting rod assembly is converted from the limited state to the extended state, the drilling operation of the vertebral plate by the drill bit can be realized, thereby ensuring the smooth opening of the vertebral plate. When the drilling is completed, the connecting rod assembly returns from the extended state to the retracted state, which can drive the drill bit to move in a direction away from the patient, preventing the drill bit from continuing to move downward, thereby effectively avoiding the drilling depth being too large or the drilling being too deep. The problem of damage to the dura mater caused by large hole force is solved, and the safety and reliability of lamina drilling are improved; and because the reset of the connecting rod assembly from the extended state to the retracted state is automatically performed under the action of the elastic potential energy of the first elastic member, and the extended length of the drill bit when the connecting rod assembly is in the state of switching from the limited state to the extended state is determined by the design parameters of the connecting rod assembly, there is no need for the doctor to judge the extended length of the drill bit and the timing of the drill bit retraction, which reduces the demand for doctor's experience in lamina drilling and reduces the doctor's fatigue; furthermore, the lamina drilling mechanism has a simple structure, is easy to implement and has a low cost.

[0031] The grinding drill device provided by the present invention, by adopting the above-mentioned lamina drilling mechanism, can improve the safety and reliability of lamina drilling, reduce the demand for doctor's experience in lamina drilling, reduce the doctor's fatigue level, and improve the safety and efficiency of surgery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the drill grinding device provided in the first embodiment of the present invention when the connecting rod assembly is in a limited position state;

[0033] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the drill grinding device provided in the first embodiment of the present invention when the connecting rod assembly is in an extended state;

[0034] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the drill grinding device provided in the first embodiment of the present invention when the connecting rod assembly is in a retracted state;

[0035] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking assembly provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention when it is in an unlocked state;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the locking assembly provided in the second embodiment of the present invention when it is in a locked state.

[0037] The following are marked in the figure:

[0038] 100, lamina drilling mechanism; 200, protective shell; 201, protective cavity; 202, perforation; 300, lamina;

[0039] 1. Connecting base; 2. Connecting rod assembly; 21. Connecting rod; 22. Articulated shaft; 3. Drilling assembly; 31. Sliding seat; 32. Drilling; 321. Drill bit; 4. Telescopic assembly; 41. Fixed sleeve; 411. Bayonet; 4111. Mouth wall; 412. Convex ring; 4121. Inner wall of convex ring; 42. Sliding sleeve; 421. Avoidance; 5. Locking assembly; 51. Locking block; 52. Second elastic member; 6. Articulated seat; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0042] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0043] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc., directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0044] This embodiment provides a grinding drill device, which can be used in the process of decompression of the vertebral plate 300 to make a hole in the vertebral plate 300, and can also be used in other surgeries that require making a hole in the vertebral plate 300. This embodiment does not limit the specific application scenario of the grinding drill device.

[0045] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the grinding and drilling device includes a power device and a lamina drilling mechanism 100, the lamina drilling mechanism 100 has a drill bit 321, the power device is connected to the lamina drilling mechanism 100, and the power device drives the lamina drilling mechanism 100 to rotate around a rotation axis extending in a first direction, so that the drill bit 321 drills the lamina 300. The specific structure of the power device can refer to the prior art, which is not the focus of the present invention and will not be repeated here.

[0046] The lamina drilling mechanism 100 comprises a connection base 1, a connecting rod assembly 2 and a grinding drill assembly 3. Specifically, the connection base 1 is used to connect with a power device; the grinding drill assembly 3 and the connection base 1 are arranged opposite to each other and spaced apart in a first direction, and the first end of the grinding drill assembly 3 away from the connection base 1 has a drill bit 321; the connecting rod assembly 2 comprises two connecting rods 21 hinged to each other at the first end, and the second ends of the two connecting rods 21 are respectively hinged to the connection base 1 and the grinding drill assembly 3, so that the connection base 1 and the grinding drill assembly 3 can be close to or away from each other in the first direction. The connecting rod assembly 2 has a limited state, an extended state and a retracted state. When the connecting rod assembly 2 is in the limited state, there is a first angle between the two connecting rods 21 and the connecting rod 21 is limited to rotate in the direction in which the two connecting rods 21 are relatively closed. When the connecting rod assembly 2 is in the extended state, the angle between the two connecting rods 21 is 180°. When the connecting rod assembly 2 is in the retracted state, the two connecting rods 21 have a second angle, and the openings of the first angle and the second angle face opposite directions, and the second angle is smaller than the first angle. The lamina drilling mechanism 100 also includes a first elastic member, which always applies elastic potential energy to the connecting rod assembly 2 to keep or restore the connecting rod assembly 2 to the retracted state.

[0047] When using the vertebral plate drilling mechanism 100 and the grinding drill device provided in this embodiment, first adjust the relative position of the vertebral plate drilling mechanism 100 and the patient's part to be drilled, so that when the connecting rod assembly 2 is in the limited state, the end of the drill bit 321 is vertically abutted against the part to be drilled. At this time, although the setting of the first elastic member makes the connecting rod assembly 2 have a tendency to move along the extended state, that is, the drill bit 321 has a tendency to move away from the connecting base 1, the vertebral plate 300 at the part to be drilled is limited by the abutment of the drill bit 321, so that the connecting rod assembly 2 is kept in the limited state; thereafter, the power device is used to drive the vertebral plate The drilling mechanism 100 rotates, that is, the drill bit 321 drills a hole in the vertebral plate 300. During this process, as the drilling depth increases, the connecting rod assembly 2 gradually extends under the action of the first elastic member, driving the drill bit 321 to gradually increase the drilling depth; when the drill bit 321 just drills through the vertebral plate 300, the connecting rod assembly 2 is in an extended state; due to the setting of the first elastic member and the lack of constraint on the drill bit 321, the connecting rod assembly 2 is reset from the extended state to the retracted state, driving the drill bit 321 to move in the direction toward the connecting base 1, that is, the drill bit 321 is separated from the patient, preventing the drill bit 321 from continuing to drill into the dura mater below the vertebral plate 300.

[0048] That is, the vertebral plate drilling mechanism 100 provided in this embodiment, by providing the connecting rod assembly 2 and the first elastic member, enables the connecting rod assembly 2 to be sequentially converted from the limited state to the extended state and the retracted state under the action of the elastic potential energy of the first elastic member, and when the connecting rod assembly 2 is converted from the limited state to the extended state, the drilling operation of the vertebral plate 300 by the drill bit 321 can be realized, ensuring the smooth opening of the vertebral plate 300. When the drilling is completed, the connecting rod assembly 2 returns from the extended state to the retracted state, which can drive the drill bit 321 to move in a direction away from the patient, preventing the drill bit 321 from continuing to move downward, thereby effectively avoiding the excessive drilling depth. Or the problem of damage to the dura mater caused by strong drilling force, the safety and reliability of the vertebral plate 300 opening are improved; and because the reset of the connecting rod assembly 2 from the extended state to the retracted state is automatically performed under the action of the elastic potential energy of the first elastic member, and the extended length of the drill bit 321 when the connecting rod assembly 2 is in the state of being converted from the limited state to the extended state is determined by the design parameters of the connecting rod assembly 2, there is no need for the doctor to judge the extended length of the drill bit 321 and the timing of the drill bit 321 retraction, which reduces the demand for doctor's experience in the vertebral plate 300 opening and reduces the doctor's fatigue; furthermore, the vertebral plate drilling mechanism 100 has a simple structure, is easy to implement, and has a low cost.

[0049] In order to improve the reliability of the movement of the drill mill assembly 3 along the first direction, the lamina drilling mechanism 100 further includes a telescopic assembly 4, which is connected between the connection base 1 and the drill mill assembly 3, and the telescopic assembly 4 can be telescoped along the first direction. That is, the drill mill assembly 3 and the connection base 1 are connected with the telescopic assembly 4 and the connecting rod assembly 2, the connecting rod assembly 2 is used to make the drill mill assembly 3 move relative to the connection base 1, and the telescopic assembly 4 is used to guide the movement of the drill mill assembly 3 along the first direction to avoid the drill mill assembly 3 from deflecting during operation, thereby ensuring the movement reliability of the drill mill assembly 3, thereby improving the safety and reliability of drilling; at the same time, the setting of the telescopic assembly 4 can enhance the connection reliability between the drill mill assembly 3 and the connection base 1.

[0050] In other embodiments, the telescopic assembly 4 may not be provided, and multiple groups of connecting rod assemblies 2 may be evenly spaced around the rotation axis of the vertebral plate 300 hole opening mechanism 100, and the base 1 and the grinding drill assembly 3 are connected by multiple groups of connecting rod assemblies 2 to ensure the movement reliability of the grinding drill assembly 3.

[0051] In order to improve the installation convenience of the telescopic assembly 4, the connecting rod assembly 2 and the grinding drill assembly 3, the grinding drill assembly 3 includes a movable sliding seat 31 and a grinding drill 32. The sliding seat 31 and the connecting base 1 are opposite to each other and spaced apart in the first direction. The two ends of the connecting rod assembly 2 are respectively connected to the connecting base 1 and the sliding seat 31. The telescopic end of the telescopic assembly 4 is connected to the sliding seat 31, and the grinding drill 32 is connected to the side of the sliding seat 31 away from the telescopic assembly 4. The grinding drill 32 extends along the first direction and is coaxially arranged with the rotation axis. The end of the grinding drill 32 has the above-mentioned drill bit 321.

[0052] The connecting base 1 and the sliding seat 31 are preferably a frustum or disc-shaped structure. The connecting base 1 and the sliding seat 31 are preferably coaxially arranged, and their axes are colinear with the rotation axis of the lamina drilling mechanism 100 to reduce the rotational inertia of the lamina drilling mechanism 100 and improve the rotational stability and reliability of the lamina drilling mechanism 100.

[0053] The sliding seat 31 is preferably a truncated cone structure, and the small end surface of the sliding seat 31 is connected to the drill bit 321 to reduce the size of the sliding seat 31 away from the end of the connection base 1, thereby reducing the probability of interference between the sliding seat 31 and the patient. The structure of the grinding drill 32 can adopt the existing grinding drill structure used for drilling the vertebral plate 300, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0054] The telescopic assembly 4 preferably includes a fixed member and a sliding member that are slidably mounted, both of which extend along the first direction, and the first end of the fixed member is connected to the connection base 1, and the first end of the sliding member is connected to the sliding seat 31. The use of the fixed member and the sliding member that are slidably mounted can improve the overall structural strength and rigidity of the telescopic assembly 4, which is beneficial to provide support for the grinding drill assembly 3.

[0055] The fixing member is preferably a fixing sleeve 41 with an opening toward the sliding seat 31, and the fixing sleeve 41 is coaxially arranged with the rotation axis of the lamina drilling mechanism 100. The sliding member is a sliding sleeve 42, and the sliding sleeve 42 is slidably inserted in the fixing sleeve 41 to better guide the sliding of the sliding member. In other embodiments, the fixing sleeve 41 may be slidably inserted into the sliding sleeve 42, or the sliding member may also be a rod-shaped structure.

[0056] The end of the connecting base 1 facing the sliding base 31 and the end of the sliding base 31 facing the connecting base 1 are both convexly provided with a hinge seat 6, and the two ends of the connecting rod assembly 2 are respectively hinged to the corresponding hinge seats 6, and the rotation axes of each hinge point of the connecting rod assembly 2 are the same and perpendicular to the first direction. The two connecting rods 21 are preferably of equal length to facilitate processing and improve the assembly efficiency of the connecting rod assembly 2.

[0057] In this embodiment, when the connecting rod assembly 2 is in a limited state, the opening of the first angle faces away from the telescopic assembly 4, and when the connecting rod assembly 2 is in a retracted state, the opening of the second angle faces the telescopic assembly 4, thereby better avoiding interference between the connecting rod assembly 2 and the telescopic assembly 4 and reducing the overall size of the lamina drilling mechanism 100.

[0058] The tip of the first angle formed by the connecting rod assembly 2 abuts against the fixed sleeve 41 or the outside of the sliding member, thereby enabling the telescopic assembly 4 to limit the two connecting rods 21 from rotating in the direction of relative closing.

[0059] In other embodiments, a rotation limiting structure may also be provided on the connecting rod 21, such as providing an arc-shaped limiting groove on one connecting rod 21 and providing a sliding protrusion on the other connecting rod 21, wherein the sliding protrusion is slidably inserted into the limiting groove. When the connecting rod assembly 2 is in a limited state, the sliding protrusion abuts against the groove wall at one end of the limiting groove, thereby limiting the connecting rod assembly 2 from continuing to rotate in the direction in which the two connecting rods 21 are closed.

[0060] It can be understood that when the connecting rod assembly 2 is in the limited state, the distance between the two ends of the connecting rod assembly 2 in the first direction is L1, and when the connecting rod assembly 2 is in the extended state, the distance between the two ends of the connecting rod assembly 2 in the second direction is L2, that is, when the connecting rod assembly 2 is switched from the limited state to the extended state, the length L of the drill bit 321 extending along the first direction is L=L2-L1. In an ideal state, the L value is the hole depth value H of the lamina 300. That is, when designing, the hole depth value L of the lamina 300 can be determined according to the thickness of the lamina 300 to be drilled, and then the required L1 value can be determined according to the L value and the L2 value, that is, the size of the first angle between the two connecting rods 21 when the connecting rod assembly 2 is in the limited state, so as to reliably ensure the drilling depth of the drill bit 321, avoid the drill bit 321 from acting on the tissue below the lamina 300, and ensure the safety of the operation.

[0061] In order to improve the operational reliability and force balance of the lamina drilling mechanism 100, at least two connecting rod assemblies 2 are preferably evenly spaced around the telescopic assembly 4 to ensure the force balance of the grinding drill assembly 3, avoid tilting of the grinding drill assembly 3 during movement, and improve the efficiency of retraction of the grinding drill assembly 3.

[0062] In this embodiment, one connecting rod assembly 2 is provided on each of the two opposite sides of the telescopic assembly 4, so as to simplify the overall structure of the lamina drilling mechanism 100 and reduce the weight of the lamina drilling mechanism 100 while ensuring the force balance of the grinding drill assembly 3. In other embodiments, three or more connecting rod assemblies 2 may be provided at intervals along the circumference of the telescopic assembly 4.

[0063] The first ends of the two connecting rods 21 are rotatably connected via a hinge shaft 22. In this embodiment, the first elastic member is a torsion spring sleeved on the hinge shaft 22, and the two ends of the torsion spring are fixed relative to the two connecting rods 21. When the connecting rod assembly 2 is in the retracted state, the torsion spring is in the initial state. When the connecting rod assembly 2 is in the extended state and the limited state, the torsion spring is in a torsion state, thereby applying a torque to the connecting rod 21 to restore the connecting rod assembly 2 to the retracted state, thereby causing the connecting rod assembly 2 to reset. The provision of the torsion spring takes up less space and is convenient for applying a force to the connecting rod 21.

[0064] It can be understood that the speed at which the connecting rod assembly 2 is reset from the extended state to the retracted state is determined by the elastic potential energy possessed by the first elastic member in the extended state. Therefore, the speed at which the connecting rod assembly 2 is reset from the extended state to the retracted state can be adjusted by setting parameters such as the stiffness of the first elastic member to ensure that the connecting rod assembly 2 can be quickly reset, that is, to ensure that the drill bit 321 can be quickly separated from the vertebral plate 300.

[0065] In order to better keep the entire lamina drilling mechanism 100 in a retracted state, the lamina drilling mechanism 100 also includes a locking assembly, which is used to lock the relative position of the connecting base 1 and the grinding drill assembly 3 when the connecting rod assembly 2 is in the retracted state, so as to prevent the grinding drill assembly 3 from extending away from the connecting base 1 due to recoil after retraction, thereby further improving the safety of the lamina drilling mechanism 100 and effectively ensuring surgical installation.

[0066] In this embodiment, the locking assembly includes a first clamping member and a second clamping member, the first clamping member is installed at one end of the connecting base 1 facing the sliding seat 31, and the second clamping member is installed at one end of the sliding seat 31 facing the connecting base 1, and the first clamping member and the second clamping member are clamped. This arrangement enables the first clamping member and the second clamping member to automatically clamp under the action of elastic restoring force when the connecting rod assembly 2 is reset to the retracted state; when the connecting rod assembly 2 is extended outward from the retracted state under the action of external force, the first clamping member and the second clamping member can be disengaged, and both clamping and clamping release are relatively convenient, and the cost is low and easy to implement.

[0067] In another embodiment, the locking assembly may further include a first magnetic component and a second magnetic component, the first magnetic component is installed on the connecting base 1, and the second magnetic component is installed on the sliding seat 31, one of the first magnetic component and the second magnetic component is a magnet, and the other is a magnetic conductive component that can be attracted by the magnet, when the connecting rod assembly 2 returns to the retracted state, the magnet and the magnetic conductive component are attracted to maintain the relative position of the connecting base 1 and the sliding seat 31.

[0068] Preferably, at least two locking assemblies are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the telescopic assembly 4 to improve the locking stability and reliability, reduce the probability of the grinding drill assembly 3 falling off under the action of gravity, and improve the force balance of the grinding drill assembly 3.

[0069] In this embodiment, two locking assemblies are provided. The two locking assemblies are respectively located between the two connecting rod assemblies 2 and at two opposite sides of the telescopic assembly 4 .

[0070] Furthermore, the grinding drill device also includes a protective shell 200, which is fixedly connected to the power device. The protective shell 200 and the power device together form a protective cavity 201, and a through hole 202 is opened at the bottom of the protective cavity 201; when the connecting rod assembly 2 is in a retracted state, the lamina drilling mechanism 100 is located in the protective cavity 201; when the connecting rod assembly 2 is in an extended state and a limited state, the drill bit 321 extends out of the protective cavity 201 through the through hole 202.

[0071] The setting of the protective shell 200 enables most of the structure of the vertebral plate drilling mechanism 100 to be located in the protective cavity 201, thereby preventing external dust, impurities or pollutants generated by the operation from contaminating the vertebral plate drilling mechanism 100, and improving the cleaning convenience of the grinding and drilling device; at the same time, the setting of the protective shell 200 can reduce the scratches of the edges of the vertebral plate drilling mechanism 100 on the patient by wrapping the vertebral plate drilling mechanism 100, thereby improving the safety of the operation; further, when the connecting rod assembly 2 is in the retracted state, the drill bit 321 retracts into the protective shell 200, which can effectively prevent the drill bit 321 from contacting the patient after the hole is opened, thereby achieving double protection for the patient, further improving the safety and reliability of the vertebral plate drilling mechanism 100 and the grinding and drilling device, and improving the safety of the operation.

[0072] The protective shell 200 is a cylindrical structure with one end open and the other end closed to simplify the structure. The open end of the protective shell 200 is connected to the power device, and the closed end of the protective shell 200 is provided with the above-mentioned through hole 202.

[0073] Preferably, the side of the protective shell 200 away from the power device is an abutment plane, the abutment plane is perpendicular to the first direction, and the through hole 202 is provided on the abutment plane. This arrangement enables the abutment plane of the protective shell 200 to contact the lamina 300 after the drill bit 321 is retracted into the protective cavity 201, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the operation.

[0074] The material of the protective shell 200 is preferably plastic to reduce the impact on the patient. Preferably, the protective shell 200 is made of a plastic material with good affinity to the human body.

[0075] Embodiment 2

[0076] This embodiment provides a vertebral plate 300 drilling mechanism and a grinding drill device, and the grinding drill device provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that in the first embodiment, and only the structure of the locking component is different. This embodiment will not repeat the same contents as those in the first embodiment.

[0077] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the locking assembly 5 is installed in the fixed sleeve 41 and is used to lock the relative positions of the fixed sleeve 41 and the sliding sleeve 42, thereby reducing the space occupied by the lamina drilling mechanism 100 and reducing the interference between the locking assembly 5 and the connecting rod assembly 3.

[0078] Specifically, a bayonet 411 is formed through the outer wall of one end of the fixed sleeve 41 close to the connection base 1 , and a relief opening 421 communicating with the inner cavity of the sliding sleeve 42 is formed on the side wall of one end of the sliding sleeve 42 away from the grinding drill assembly 3 .

[0079] The locking assembly 5 includes a second elastic member 52 and a locking block 51. The second elastic member 52 is located inside the sliding sleeve 42 and its two ends are respectively connected to the sliding sleeve 42 and the locking block 51. The locking block 51 is movably connected to the opening side wall of the avoidance opening 421. The locking assembly 5 has an unlocked state and a locked state.

[0080] When the locking assembly 5 is in an unlocked state, the locking block 51 is squeezed by the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 41 and is located in the sliding sleeve 42, and the second elastic member 52 is in a compressed state; when the locking assembly 5 is in a locked state, the avoidance opening 421 is directly connected to the bayonet 411, and the locking block 51 extends out of the bayonet 411 from the avoidance opening 421 under the elastic force of the second elastic member 52.

[0081] That is, in this embodiment, when the connecting rod assembly 2 is not in the retracted state, the avoidance opening 421 and the bayonet opening 411 are offset, and the locking block 51 at least partially abuts against the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 41, so that the locking block 51 is in a state of being pressed into the sliding sleeve 42, that is, the locking block 51 will not interfere with the relative sliding between the fixed sleeve 41 and the sliding sleeve 42. When the connecting rod assembly 2 rotates to the retracted state, the avoidance opening 421 and the bayonet opening 411 are arranged opposite each other, and the locking block 51 is out of contact with the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 41. Due to the elastic restoring force of the second elastic member, the locking block 51 extends out of the bayonet opening 411 through the avoidance opening 421. Since the locking block 51 protrudes out of the fixed sleeve 41, the relative sliding of the fixed sleeve 41 and the sliding sleeve 42 is restricted, and the telescopic assembly 4 cannot continue to telescope, that is, the connecting rod assembly 2 remains in the retracted state.

[0082] Preferably, the locking block 51 is a wedge-shaped block and forms a limiting surface on one side facing the sliding seat 31. When the locking block 51 extends out of the bayonet 411, the limiting surface is perpendicular to the first direction and abuts against a side wall 4111 of the bayonet 411 facing the sliding seat, thereby improving the limiting effect.

[0083] To protect the locking block 51 , a convex ring portion 412 is provided on the outer side of the fixing sleeve 41 around the bayonet. When the locking block 51 extends out of the bayonet 411 , the locking block 51 is located inside the convex ring portion 412 , and preferably, the locking block 51 abuts against the convex ring inner wall 4121 of the convex ring portion 412 .

[0084] When the locking state needs to be released, the locking block 51 is pressed in a direction toward the inner side of the fixed sleeve 41 , so that the locking block 51 can be withdrawn from the bayonet 411 , that is, the fixed sleeve 41 and the sliding sleeve 42 slide relative to each other.

[0085] In this embodiment, the second elastic member 52 is a compression spring, and two ends thereof are respectively connected to the locking block 51 and the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 42 .

[0086] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A lamina drilling mechanism, characterized in that: include: A connecting base (1) for connecting to a power device; A grinding drill assembly (3) is arranged opposite to and spaced from the connection base (1) along a first direction, and the grinding drill assembly (3) has a drill bit (321) at a first end away from the connection base (1); A connecting rod assembly (2) comprising two connecting rods (21) whose first ends are hinged to each other, and whose second ends are respectively hinged to the connecting base (1) and the grinding drill assembly (3), so that the connecting base (1) and the grinding drill assembly (3) can move closer to or farther away from each other in the first direction; The connecting rod assembly (2) has a limited state, an extended state and a retracted state. When the connecting rod assembly (2) is in the limited state, a first angle is formed between the two connecting rods (21) and the connecting rod (21) is restricted from rotating in the direction in which the two connecting rods (21) are relatively closed. When the connecting rod assembly (2) is in the extended state, the angle between the two connecting rods (21) is 180°. When the connecting rod assembly (2) is in the retracted state, the two connecting rods (21) have a second angle. The openings of the first angle and the second angle are in opposite directions, and the second angle is smaller than the first angle. The lamina drilling mechanism further comprises a first elastic member, wherein the first elastic member always applies elastic potential energy to the connecting rod assembly (2) so as to keep the connecting rod assembly (2) in the retracted state or restore the connecting rod assembly (2); The lamina drilling mechanism further comprises a locking assembly (5), wherein the locking assembly (5) is used to lock the relative position of the connecting base (1) and the grinding drill assembly (3) when the connecting rod assembly (2) is in the retracted state; The connecting base (1) is connected to a fixed sleeve (41) at one end facing the grinding drill assembly (3); the grinding drill assembly (3) is connected to a sliding sleeve (42); the sliding sleeve (42) is inserted into the fixed sleeve (41) in a sliding manner along a first direction; the locking assembly (5) is installed in the fixed sleeve (41) and is used to lock the relative position of the fixed sleeve (41) and the sliding sleeve (42); The outer wall of one end of the fixed sleeve (41) close to the connecting base (1) is provided with a bayonet (411), and the side wall of one end of the sliding sleeve (42) away from the grinding drill assembly (3) is provided with an escape opening (421) communicating with the inner cavity thereof; The locking assembly (5) comprises a second elastic member (52) and a locking block (51); the second elastic member (52) is located inside the sliding sleeve (42) and two ends of the second elastic member (52) are respectively connected to the sliding sleeve (42) and the locking block (51); the locking block (51) is movably connected to the opening side wall of the avoidance opening (421); and the locking assembly (5) has an unlocked state and a locked state; The locking block (51) is a wedge-shaped block, and a limiting surface is formed on a side facing the sliding seat (31). When the locking block (51) extends out of the bayonet (411), the limiting surface is perpendicular to the first direction and abuts against a side wall (4111) of the bayonet (411) facing the sliding seat (31).

2. The lamina drilling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lamina drilling mechanism further comprises a telescopic assembly (4), wherein the telescopic assembly (4) is connected between the connection base (1) and the grinding drill assembly (3), and the telescopic assembly (4) can be telescoped along the first direction.

3. The lamina drilling mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the connecting rod assembly (2) is in the limited position, the tip of the first angle abuts against the telescopic assembly (4), so that the telescopic assembly (4) limits the connecting rod (21) from rotating in the direction of closing the two connecting rods (21); And / or, at least two connecting rod assemblies (2) are evenly spaced along the circumference of the telescopic assembly (4).

4. The lamina drilling mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first ends of the two connecting rods (21) are hinged by a hinge shaft (22); the first elastic member is a torsion spring, the torsion spring is sleeved on the hinge shaft (22), and the two ends of the torsion spring are respectively fixed relative to the two connecting rods (21); And / or, the grinding drill assembly (3) comprises a sliding seat (31) and a grinding drill (32), the sliding seat (31) and the connecting base (1) are arranged opposite to each other and spaced apart in the first direction, the connecting rod assembly (2) is connected to the sliding seat (31), the grinding drill (32) is connected to a side of the sliding seat (31) away from the connecting base (1), and the end of the grinding drill (32) has the drill bit (321).

5. The lamina drilling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the locking assembly (5) is in the unlocked state, the locking block (51) is squeezed by the inner wall of the fixed sleeve (41) and is located in the sliding sleeve (42), and the second elastic member is in a compressed state; When the locking assembly (5) is in the locking state, the avoidance opening (421) is directly connected to the bayonet opening (411), and the locking block (51) extends out of the bayonet opening (411) through the avoidance opening (421) under the elastic force of the second elastic member (52).

6. A drill grinding device, characterized in that: It comprises the lamina drilling mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, and also comprises a power device, wherein the power device is connected to the connecting base (1), and the power device is used to drive the lamina drilling mechanism to rotate around a rotation axis extending in a first direction.

7. The drill grinding device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also comprises a protective shell (200), wherein the protective shell (200) is fixedly connected to the power device, the protective shell (200) and the power device together form a protective cavity (201), and a through hole (202) is provided at the bottom of the protective cavity (201); When the connecting rod assembly (2) is in the retracted state, the lamina drilling mechanisms are all located in the protection cavity (201); When the connecting rod assembly (2) is in the extended state and the limited state, the drill bit (321) extends out of the protective cavity (201) through the through hole (202).

8. The drill grinding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A side of the protective shell (200) away from the power device is an abutment plane, the abutment plane is perpendicular to the first direction, and the through hole (202) is opened on the abutment plane.

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