Tool wear amount detection device and method

Abstract

This invention provides a tool wear detection device, comprising: a mounting bracket, a contact sensor, and a movable component. The contact sensor and the movable component are fixedly mounted on the mounting bracket, with the movable component positioned above the contact sensor. The movable component includes a connecting part, an elastic part, a rod, and a limiting nut. The connecting part is fixedly mounted on the mounting bracket and has a first receiving cavity and a second receiving cavity arranged vertically from top to bottom. The diameter of the first receiving cavity is larger than the diameter of the second receiving cavity. The elastic part is disposed within the first receiving cavity, and its outer diameter is larger than the diameter of the second receiving cavity. The rod includes a first part and a second part, with the diameter of the first part being larger than the diameter of the second part. The elastic part is sleeved on the outside of the second part, with its two ends abutting against the bottom of the first part and the bottom of the first receiving cavity, respectively. The limiting nut is located at the bottom of the connecting part and is fixedly mounted on the outside of the second part. The contact sensor is located directly below the second part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of CNC technology, and in particular to a tool wear detection device and method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous improvement of industrialization in recent years, CNC machine tools have been widely used in automated industries. The cutting tools used in CNC machining are the processing tools, mainly used for cutting, milling, grooving, drilling, chamfering, and other machining operations. The cutting tools are mounted on the spindle, which drives them to work. During use, the cutting tools will wear down. Therefore, the wear of the cutting tools needs to be checked before use and after a period of use, and the spindle compensation amount is calculated based on the wear. For example, when a new cutting tool is used, the spindle's progress is A. After the cutting tool has worked for a period of time, the wear is B. To ensure the cutting tool can continue machining in subsequent processes, the spindle compensates for the cutting tool, and the compensation amount is B. That is, the spindle's progress is (A+B). By adjusting the tool length in this way, the machining depth can be ensured to be consistent. Currently, the traditional method uses a tool inspection instrument to measure whether the tool is in good condition. However, because the detection range is only 0-5mm, it cannot accurately measure the wear of the cutting tools, resulting in unstable product dimensions. When the machining environment causes residue to accumulate on the cutting tool, traditional general-purpose devices cannot measure the tool length, resulting in overmilling and scrapping of the product. Low levels of automation and inability to automatically adjust settings also impact efficiency.

[0003] Therefore, those skilled in the art urgently need a new tool wear detection device and method to solve the technical problem that existing technologies cannot automatically detect tool wear or improve detection accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, the present invention provides a tool wear detection device to solve the technical problem that the prior art cannot automatically detect tool wear or the detection accuracy, thereby improving the automation and accuracy of tool wear detection.

[0005] The tool wear detection device of the present invention includes: a mounting bracket, a contact sensor, and a movable component, wherein the contact sensor and the movable component are fixedly mounted on the mounting bracket, and the movable component is located above the contact sensor;

[0006] The movable component includes a connecting part, an elastic part, a rod, and a limiting nut. The connecting part is fixedly installed on the mounting bracket. The connecting part has a first receiving cavity and a second receiving cavity that are interconnected from top to bottom and coaxially arranged along the vertical direction. The diameter of the first receiving cavity is larger than the diameter of the second receiving cavity. The elastic part is disposed in the first receiving cavity, and the outer diameter of the elastic part is larger than the diameter of the second receiving cavity. The rod includes a first part and a second part. The diameter of the first part is larger than the diameter of the second part. The elastic part is sleeved on the outside of the second part. The two ends of the elastic part abut against the bottom of the first part and the bottom of the first receiving cavity, respectively. The downward-facing side of the second part extends out of the second receiving cavity. The limiting nut is located at the bottom of the connecting part and is fixedly installed on the outside of the second part. The contact sensor is located directly below the second part.

[0007] The rod is capable of vertically downward linear movement along the first and second receiving cavities, so that the bottom of the second part contacts the contact sensor, which can detect the downward movement of the rod.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the mounting bracket includes a base and a first housing fixedly connected to the base. The first housing has a third receiving cavity. A first threaded hole is provided on the top of the first housing. A first external thread is provided on the downward end of the connecting member. The first external thread is threadedly engaged with the first threaded hole to fix the connecting member to the first housing.

[0009] In an alternative embodiment, the connecting component further has a first limiting protrusion located at the top of the first external thread, the outer diameter of the limiting protrusion being larger than the diameter of the first threaded hole.

[0010] In an alternative embodiment, the contact sensor is located within the third receiving cavity.

[0011] In an alternative embodiment, the active component further includes a second housing fixedly connected to the upward-facing end of the first portion.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the second housing has a through hole arranged in a vertical direction, the second part is disposed through the through hole, the inner wall of the second housing away from the first housing has a limiting groove, the first part has a second limiting protrusion corresponding to the limiting groove, and the top of the second limiting protrusion abuts against the limiting groove.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, the contact sensor includes a starting sensing point and an ending sensing point located below the starting sensing point. After the second part comes into contact with the contact sensor, the second part continues to move vertically downward with the contact sensor to reach the starting sensing point and the ending sensing point in sequence.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for detecting tool wear, used to detect the wear of a tool under test, wherein the tool under test is mounted on a spindle, and the method for detecting tool wear is used in the tool wear detection device described above, comprising:

[0015] The spindle is controlled to move the test tool to the top of the first part and make it contact the top of the first part.

[0016] The spindle is controlled to drive the test tool to move downward in the vertical direction so that the rod moves downward together to the bottom of the second part and contacts the top of the contact sensor;

[0017] The spindle is controlled to drive the test tool to continue moving downward in the vertical direction so that the second part passes through the starting sensing point and the ending sensing point in sequence;

[0018] Calculate the first progress of the main shaft when the rod reaches the endpoint sensing point;

[0019] Calculate the difference between the first process quantity and the preset value, where the difference is the wear amount of the tool to be tested.

[0020] In one optional embodiment, the preset value is obtained through the following steps:

[0021] The spindle is controlled to move the new tool to the top of the first part and make contact with the top of the first part;

[0022] Control the spindle to drive the new tool to move downwards in the vertical direction so that the rod moves downwards together to the bottom of the second part and contacts the top of the contact sensor;

[0023] The spindle is controlled to drive the new tool to continue moving downward in the vertical direction so that the second part passes through the starting sensing point and the ending sensing point in sequence;

[0024] Calculate the second progress amount of the main shaft when the rod reaches the end sensing point, where the second progress amount is the preset value.

[0025] In an optional embodiment, the tool wear detection method further includes:

[0026] The compensation amount of the spindle is adjusted according to the wear amount, where the compensation amount is the wear amount.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The tool wear detection device of this embodiment is fixedly mounted on a mounting frame using a contact sensor and a movable component. The movable component is located above the contact sensor and can detect the first progress of the spindle when the rod reaches the end sensing point of the contact sensor. By calculating the difference between the first progress and a preset value, the tool wear amount can be obtained. The entire detection process of this tool wear detection device does not require manual intervention and can be automated, greatly improving production efficiency. Moreover, the detection accuracy is high. Compared with traditional manual calibration instruments, this invention can reduce tool errors, increase automation, shorten product manufacturing cycles, and improve the company's product processing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tool wear detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tool wear detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention without the first housing.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a front view of the tool wear detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along plane AA;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first housing of the tool wear detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable component of the tool wear detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 for Figure 6 An explosion diagram.

[0035] The meanings of the labels in the attached diagram are as follows:

[0036] 10-Mounting bracket; 11-Base; 12-First housing; 121-Third receiving cavity; 122-First threaded hole; 123-Allowing hole; 20-Contact sensor; 30-Moving component; 31-Connecting component; 311-First receiving cavity; 312-Second receiving cavity; 313-First limiting protrusion; 314-First external thread; 32-Elastic component; 33-Rod; 331-First part; 332-Second part; 333-Second limiting protrusion; 34-Limiting nut; 35-Second housing; 351-Through hole; 352-Limiting groove. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the invention.

[0038] The terms "first," "second," and "third" used in this invention are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. All directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of this invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationships and movements between components in a specific posture (as shown in the figures). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications also change accordingly. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0039] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0040] Please see Figures 1-7This is a schematic diagram of the tool wear detection device of the present invention. The tool wear detection device of this embodiment is used to detect the wear of a tool and includes: a mounting frame 10, a contact sensor 20, and a movable component 30. The contact sensor 20 and the movable component 30 are fixedly mounted on the mounting frame 10, with the movable component 30 located above the contact sensor 20. It should be noted that the mounting frame 10 can be mounted on various CNC machine tools, such as cutting, milling, grooving, drilling, and chamfering machines. This device can be used as long as the detection requirement is to detect the wear of a tool in a single degree of freedom; no limitation is made here. The two ends of the movable component 30 are respectively used to contact the tool and the contact sensor 20 during the detection process. When not detecting, the movable component 30 and the contact sensor 20 do not contact each other. During detection, the tool moves above the movable component 30 and contacts the top of the movable component 30. The tool continues to move downwards, pressing the movable component 30, causing the movable component 30 to press against the contact sensor 20.

[0041] For further details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 The movable component 30 includes a connecting component 31, an elastic component 32, a rod 33, and a limiting nut 34. The connecting component 31 is fixedly mounted on the mounting bracket 10. The connecting component 31 has a first receiving cavity 311 and a second receiving cavity 312 that are interconnected and coaxially arranged from top to bottom along a vertical direction. The diameter of the first receiving cavity 311 is larger than the diameter of the second receiving cavity 312. The elastic component 32 is disposed within the first receiving cavity 311, and the outer diameter of the elastic component 32 is larger than the diameter of the second receiving cavity 312. Both the first receiving cavity 311 and the second receiving cavity 312 are cylindrical cavities; more specifically, the first receiving cavity 311 and the second receiving cavity 312 are cavities that extend from top to bottom. The elastic component 32 is a spring.

[0042] The rod 33 includes a first part 331 and a second part 332, which are integrally formed into a single metal rod 33. The diameter of the first part 331 is larger than the diameter of the second part 332. The elastic member 32 is sleeved on the outside of the second part 332, and its two ends abut against the bottom of the first part 331 and the bottom of the first receiving cavity 311, respectively, and the elastic member 32 is in a compressed state. The downward-facing side of the second part 332 extends out of the second receiving cavity 312. The limiting nut 34 is located at the bottom of the connecting member 31 and is fixedly installed on the outside of the second part 332. The contact sensor 20 is located directly below the second part 332. The elastic member 32 is used to enable the rod 33 to automatically reset, and the limiting nut 34 is used to prevent the rod 33 from popping out of the connecting member 31 from above.

[0043] The rod 33 can move vertically downward along the first receiving cavity 311 and the second receiving cavity 312, so that the bottom of the second part 332 contacts the contact sensor 20, and the contact sensor 20 can detect the downward movement of the rod 33.

[0044] For further details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1-5 The mounting bracket 10 includes a base 11 and a first housing 12 fixedly connected to the base 11. The first housing 12 has a third receiving cavity 121. A first threaded hole 122 is provided on the top of the first housing 12. The connecting component 31 has a first external thread 314 at its downward end. The first external thread 314 is threadedly engaged with the first threaded hole 122 to fix the connecting component 31 to the first housing 12. The base 11 is used to mount the tool wear detection device of this embodiment on a CNC machine tool. The contact sensor 20 is located within the third receiving cavity 121. Specifically, the bottom of the first housing 12 has a clearance hole 123, which corresponds to the contact sensor 20. The first housing 12 has two main functions: first, to install the movable component 30; and second, to provide space for accommodating the movable component 30 and the contact sensor 20, thus providing dust and water protection.

[0045] Further, please see Figures 4-7To ensure precise and secure installation of the connecting component 31 onto the first housing 12, the connecting component 31 further comprises a first limiting protrusion 313 located at the top of the first external thread 314, the outer diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the first threaded hole 122. With this structure, when installing the connecting component 31, the first external thread 314 of the connecting component 31 is simply tightened into the first threaded hole 122 until the first limiting protrusion 313 abuts against the first housing 12, without needing to consider the required tightening distance.

[0046] Furthermore, the movable component 30 also includes a second housing 35 fixedly connected to the upward-facing end of the first part 331. The second housing 35 has a through hole 351 arranged vertically, the second part 332 is disposed through the through hole 351, and the inner wall of the second housing 35 at the end away from the first housing 12 has a limiting groove 352. The first part 331 has a second limiting protrusion 333 corresponding to the limiting groove 352, and the top of the second limiting protrusion 333 abuts against the limiting groove 352. Specifically, the diameter of the through hole 351 (excluding the diameter of the first limiting protrusion 313) is larger than that of the connecting member 31, and the upward-facing side of the connecting member 31 is located within the through hole 351. The main function of the second housing 35 is to provide waterproofing and dustproofing, preventing dust from entering the interior of the connecting member 31 from the top and causing the elastic member 32 to jam.

[0047] Furthermore, the contact sensor 20 includes a starting sensing point and an ending sensing point located below the starting sensing point. After the second part 332 contacts the contact sensor 20, the second part 332 continues to move vertically downwards with the contact sensor 20 to reach the starting sensing point and the ending sensing point in sequence. Specifically, there is a foolproof distance before the starting sensing point; that is, after the second part 332 contacts the contact sensor 20, the second part 332 needs to move downwards a foolproof distance to reach the starting sensing point. Setting this foolproof distance can improve the accuracy of detection.

[0048] The working principle of the tool wear detection device in this embodiment is as follows: First, after installing a new tool on the spindle, the spindle and the new tool on the spindle are moved above the movable component 30. The spindle is controlled to move the new tool downwards to contact the rod 33, and the rod 33 is pressed down to move downwards. At this time, the elastic component 32 is compressed. The rod 33 contacts the contact sensor 20 and passes through the starting sensing point and the ending sensing point in sequence. The progress A of the spindle is recorded. Then, the spindle and the new tool on the spindle are returned in the opposite direction, and the rod 33 automatically returns to its original position under the elastic force of the elastic component 32. After the tool has been used for a period of time, the above steps are repeated, and the progress C of the spindle is recorded. The wear of the tool is then (CA).

[0049] To achieve the detection function of the aforementioned tool wear detection device, this embodiment also provides a detection method for the aforementioned tool wear detection device, used to detect the wear amount of a tool to be tested, wherein the tool to be tested is mounted on a spindle. The method includes the following steps:

[0050] Step S10: Control the spindle to move the test tool to the top of the first part and make it contact the top of the first part 331.

[0051] Step S20: Control the spindle to drive the test tool to move downward in the vertical direction so that the rod moves downward together to the bottom of the second part and contacts the top of the contact sensor.

[0052] Step S30: Control the spindle to drive the test tool to continue moving downwards in the vertical direction so that the second part sequentially passes the starting sensing point and the ending sensing point. Specifically, when the second part 332 passes the starting sensing point, the contact sensor 20 starts to receive a contact signal, and when the second part 332 passes the ending sensing point, the contact sensor 20 sends a stop signal, and the test tool stops moving downwards.

[0053] Step S40: Calculate the first progress amount of the main shaft when the rod 33 reaches the endpoint sensing point. The first progress amount is denoted as A.

[0054] Step S50: Calculate the difference between the first process quantity and a preset value, where the difference is the wear amount of the tool under test. The preset value is C, and the wear amount of the tool under test is (CA).

[0055] After completing the above steps, the spindle drives the tool under test to move upward.

[0056] Specifically, the preset value is obtained through the following steps:

[0057] Step S1: Control the spindle to move the new tool to the top of the first part and make contact with the top of the first part;

[0058] Step S2: Control the spindle to drive the new cutter to move downwards in the vertical direction so that the rod moves downwards together to the bottom of the second part and contacts the top of the contact sensor;

[0059] Step S3: Control the spindle to drive the new tool to continue moving downward in the vertical direction so that the second part 332 passes through the starting sensing point and the ending sensing point in sequence;

[0060] Step S4: Calculate the second progress amount of the main shaft when the rod reaches the endpoint sensing point, where the second progress amount is the preset value. That is, second progress amount = preset value = C.

[0061] In fact, the steps for obtaining the preset value are the same as those for obtaining the first process quantity. Both involve moving the rod 33 to the endpoint sensing point of the contact sensor 20 and then recording the process quantity of the spindle at that time.

[0062] In an optional embodiment, after step S50, the method further includes:

[0063] Step S60: Adjust the compensation amount of the spindle according to the wear amount, where the compensation amount is the wear amount.

[0064] Specifically, steps S10-S50 yield the wear amount of the tool under test, which is (CA). To maintain the correct machining depth, the spindle's feed rate needs to be increased to compensate for the tool wear. The amount of feed rate needed corresponds to the amount of tool wear. The entire process is fully automatic, requiring no manual intervention or readjustment of the tool's spindle extension.

[0065] In an optional embodiment, after step S50, the method further includes:

[0066] Step S70: If (CA) is less than 0, it is determined that the tool is contaminated with foreign matter and an alarm is issued.

[0067] Specifically, under normal circumstances, a new cutting tool becomes a test tool after a period of use, so (CA) will only be greater than or equal to 0. When it is equal to 0, the tool has no wear; when it is greater than 0, the tool is worn. If (CA) is less than 0, the tool is definitely contaminated with foreign matter, requiring an alarm to be triggered and manual handling.

[0068] The tool wear detection device of this invention is fixedly mounted on the mounting bracket 10 by a contact sensor 20 and a movable component 30. The movable component 30 is located above the contact sensor 20 and can detect the first progress of the spindle when the rod 33 reaches the end sensing point of the contact sensor 20. By calculating the difference between the first progress and a preset value, the tool wear amount can be obtained. The entire detection process of the tool wear detection device of this invention does not require manual intervention and can be automated, greatly improving production efficiency. Moreover, the detection accuracy is high. Compared with traditional manual calibration instruments, this invention can reduce tool errors, increase automation, shorten product manufacturing cycle, and improve the company's product processing efficiency.

[0069] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0070] The above embodiments merely illustrate preferred implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A tool wear detection device, characterized in that, include: A mounting bracket, a contact sensor, and a movable component, wherein the contact sensor and the movable component are fixedly mounted on the mounting bracket, and the movable component is located above the contact sensor; The movable component includes a connecting part, an elastic part, a rod, and a limiting nut. The connecting part is fixedly installed on the mounting bracket. The connecting part has a first receiving cavity and a second receiving cavity that are interconnected from top to bottom and coaxially arranged along the vertical direction. The diameter of the first receiving cavity is larger than the diameter of the second receiving cavity. The elastic part is disposed in the first receiving cavity, and the outer diameter of the elastic part is larger than the diameter of the second receiving cavity. The rod includes a first part and a second part. The diameter of the first part is larger than the diameter of the second part. The elastic part is sleeved on the outside of the second part. The two ends of the elastic part abut against the bottom of the first part and the bottom of the first receiving cavity, respectively. The downward-facing side of the second part extends out of the second receiving cavity. The limiting nut is located at the bottom of the connecting part and is fixedly installed on the outside of the second part. The contact sensor is located directly below the second part. The rod is capable of vertically downward linear movement along the first and second receiving cavities, so that the bottom of the second part contacts the contact sensor. The contact sensor can detect the downward movement of the rod. The mounting bracket includes a base and a first housing fixedly connected to the base. The first housing has a third receiving cavity. A first threaded hole is provided on the top of the first housing. A first external thread is provided on the downward end of the connecting component. The first external thread is threadedly engaged with the first threaded hole to fix the connecting component to the first housing.

2. The tool wear detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting component also has a first limiting protrusion located at the top of the first external thread, the outer diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the first threaded hole.

3. The tool wear detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contact sensor is located within the third receiving cavity.

4. The tool wear detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active component also includes a second housing that is fixedly connected to the upward-facing end of the first part.

5. The tool wear detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second housing has a through hole arranged in a vertical direction, and the second part is arranged through the through hole. The inner wall of the second housing away from the first housing has a limiting groove, and the first part has a second limiting protrusion corresponding to the limiting groove. The top of the second limiting protrusion abuts against the limiting groove.

6. The tool wear detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contact sensor includes a starting sensing point and an ending sensing point located below the starting sensing point. After the second part comes into contact with the contact sensor, the second part continues to move vertically downward with the contact sensor to reach the starting sensing point and the ending sensing point in sequence.

7. A method for detecting tool wear, used to detect the wear of a tool under test, wherein the tool under test is mounted on a spindle, characterized in that, The tool wear detection method is used in the tool wear detection apparatus as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: The spindle is controlled to move the tool under test to the top of the first part and make contact with the top of the first part; The spindle is controlled to drive the test tool to move downward in the vertical direction so that the rod moves downward together to the bottom of the second part and contacts the top of the contact sensor; The spindle is controlled to drive the test tool to continue moving downward in the vertical direction so that the second part passes through the starting sensing point and the ending sensing point in sequence; Calculate the first progress of the spindle when the tool under test reaches the endpoint sensing point; Calculate the difference between the first process quantity and the preset value, where the difference is the wear amount of the tool to be tested.

8. The tool wear detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The preset value is obtained through the following steps: The spindle is controlled to move the new tool to the top of the first part and make contact with the top of the first part; Control the spindle to drive the new tool to move downwards in the vertical direction so that the rod moves downwards together to the bottom of the second part and contacts the top of the contact sensor; The spindle is controlled to drive the new tool to continue moving downward in the vertical direction so that the second part passes through the starting sensing point and the ending sensing point in sequence; Calculate the second progress amount of the spindle when the new tool reaches the endpoint sensing point, where the second progress amount is the preset value.

9. The tool wear detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The tool wear detection method further includes: The compensation amount of the spindle is adjusted according to the wear amount, where the compensation amount is the wear amount.

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