Cobalt / cobalt oxide catalysts for hydrogen fuel for fuel cells and methods of making same

Abstract

The application discloses a cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst for hydrogen fuel of a fuel cell and a preparation method thereof, and the method comprises the following steps: preparing a cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst by using a cobalt salt, a reducing agent and a carbon cloth in an alkaline environment; locally oxidizing the cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst at high temperature into a cobalt / cobalt oxide / carbon cloth catalyst; and performing elution treatment on the cobalt / cobalt oxide / carbon cloth catalyst, drying a solution after elution of the carbon cloth, and obtaining the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst. The cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst is prepared by a two-step method, and the technical effect of improving hydrogen production efficiency is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of catalyst technology, and in particular to a cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst for hydrogen fuel cells and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] A proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is a novel device that directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy. Because PEMFCs have no internal energy loss due to the absence of rotating parts and do not involve combustion, their energy conversion efficiency is not limited by the Carnot cycle, resulting in high energy conversion efficiency. Furthermore, PEMFCs use clean energy sources, such as hydrogen fuel, which is harmless to the environment and highly environmentally friendly. PEMFCs also feature mild operating conditions, small size, light weight, safety, and durability, making them widely used as mobile power sources and ideal power sources.

[0003] Currently, the production of hydrogen fuel for proton exchange membrane fuel cells is receiving increasing attention from various countries. Hydrogen fuel is abundant, and hydrogen can be produced using water electrolysis technology. The hydrogen production process mainly involves two steps: adsorption and desorption. However, most current catalysts are biased towards one side, making it difficult to achieve efficient adsorption-desorption hydrogen production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst for hydrogen fuel cells and its preparation method, aiming to solve the problem of low adsorption-desorption efficiency in hydrogen production.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for preparing a cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst for hydrogen fuel cells, the method comprising:

[0006] Cobalt / carbon cloth catalysts were prepared using cobalt salts, reducing agents, and carbon cloth under alkaline conditions.

[0007] The cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst is locally oxidized at high temperature to a cobalt / cobalt oxide / carbon cloth catalyst.

[0008] The cobalt / cobalt oxide / carbon cloth catalyst was eluted, and the solution after elution of carbon cloth was dried to obtain the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst.

[0009] Optionally, the step of preparing a cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst using cobalt salt, reducing agent, and carbon cloth under an alkaline environment includes:

[0010] Cobalt salt, sodium hydroxide, reducing agent and carbon cloth were placed in ultrapure water and stirred continuously at room temperature to obtain a cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst.

[0011] The cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst was subjected to ultrasonic oscillation treatment to remove sodium hydroxide impurities;

[0012] The cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst, after removing sodium hydroxide impurities, was placed in a vacuum furnace and dried at 50°C for 2 hours.

[0013] Optionally, the step of locally oxidizing the cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst at high temperature to a cobalt / cobalt oxide / carbon cloth catalyst includes:

[0014] The cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst was placed in a tube furnace and heated from room temperature at a rate of 5°C / min.

[0015] After the temperature was raised to 500℃ and held for 4 hours, a cobalt / cobalt oxide / carbon cloth catalyst was obtained.

[0016] Optionally, the step of eluting the cobalt / cobalt oxide / carbon cloth catalyst and drying the solution after eluting the carbon cloth to obtain the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst includes:

[0017] The cobalt / cobalt oxide / carbon cloth catalyst was placed in an ultrasonic oscillator and continuously oscillated for 2 hours, and the cobalt / cobalt oxide solution was filtered out.

[0018] The cobalt / cobalt oxide solution was dried in a vacuum furnace at 50°C for 3-5 hours to prepare the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst.

[0019] Optionally, the cobalt salt is cobalt chloride or cobalt acetate.

[0020] Optionally, the reducing agent is sodium borohydride or lithium dimethylaminoborohydride.

[0021] Optionally, the carbon cloth has a size of 2cm × 2cm.

[0022] Optionally, the ratio of the cobalt salt to the reducing agent is 1:1 to 1.5:1.

[0023] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides a cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst for hydrogen fuel cells, which is prepared using the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst preparation method for hydrogen fuel cells as described above.

[0024] Optionally, the ratio of cobalt to cobalt oxide in the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst is 1:1.

[0025] The present invention provides a cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst for hydrogen fuel cells and its preparation method. The cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst is prepared by a two-step method. First, a cobalt salt is reduced with a reducing agent to prepare a cobalt catalyst. Then, the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst is prepared by high-temperature oxidation of the local cobalt catalyst. The preparation process is simple. In the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst, cobalt tends to adsorb hydrogen protons during hydrogen production, while cobalt oxide tends to desorb hydrogen protons during hydrogen production. This ensures that the adsorption and desorption processes are carried out in a balanced manner, thereby improving the hydrogen production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the method for preparing cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst for hydrogen fuel cells according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 The image shows the XRD performance of the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst of this invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the hydrogen evolution test performance of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the hydrogen evolution test performance of Comparative Example 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the hydrogen evolution test performance of Comparative Example 2 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the hydrogen evolution test performance of Comparative Example 3 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 The graph shows the hydrogen evolution test performance of Comparative Example 4 of this invention.

[0033] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them.

[0035] Proton exchange membrane fuel cells have been widely studied due to their outstanding advantages such as high energy density, environmental friendliness, and portability. Their fuel is hydrogen, a clean energy source. However, the current hydrogen production catalysts suffer from problems such as poisoning of nanoscale catalyst metal particles, transport obstruction, and high catalyst preparation costs in terms of stability degradation mechanism. In addition, traditional catalysts have low activity, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of practical applications. Furthermore, their small specific surface area limits the active area and prevents them from being mass-produced and applied.

[0036] In the process of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, the balance between hydrogen proton adsorption and desorption has a significant impact on the hydrogen production efficiency. Although catalysts can promote the hydrogen production process, favoring either adsorption or desorption will lead to a decrease in hydrogen production efficiency.

[0037] This invention provides a method for preparing a cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst for hydrogen fuel cells, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 1This is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of a method for preparing a cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst for hydrogen fuel cells according to the present invention.

[0038] In this embodiment, the method for preparing the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst for hydrogen fuel cells includes:

[0039] Step S10: Prepare a cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst using cobalt salt, reducing agent, and carbon cloth under an alkaline environment;

[0040] An alkaline environment can be provided using sodium hydroxide. Cobalt catalysts are prepared by reducing cobalt salts with a reducing agent, and carbon cloth can be used as a support to carry the cobalt catalyst.

[0041] In some feasible embodiments, the step of preparing a cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst using cobalt salts, a reducing agent, and carbon cloth under an alkaline environment may include:

[0042] Step a: Place cobalt salt, sodium hydroxide, reducing agent and carbon cloth in ultrapure water and stir continuously at room temperature to obtain cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst;

[0043] Step b: The cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst is subjected to ultrasonic oscillation treatment to remove sodium hydroxide impurities;

[0044] Step c: The cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst, after removing sodium hydroxide impurities, is placed in a vacuum furnace and dried at 50°C for 2 hours.

[0045] The cobalt salt used can be cobalt chloride or cobalt acetate, and the reducing agent can be sodium borohydride or lithium dimethylaminoborohydride. The molar ratio of cobalt salt to reducing agent is 1:1-1.5:1. 0.3g-0.8g of cobalt chloride, 1g-3g of sodium hydroxide, 0.5g-1g of sodium borohydride, and 2cm×2cm carbon cloth are placed in 100mL of ultrapure water and stirred continuously at room temperature for 1 hour to prepare a cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst. The cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst is then ultrasonically washed in ultrapure water for 30 minutes to remove sodium hydroxide impurities. The washed cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst is then dried in a vacuum furnace at 50℃ for 2 hours to obtain a dry and pure cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst.

[0046] Step S20: The cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst is locally oxidized at high temperature to cobalt / cobalt oxide / carbon cloth catalyst;

[0047] Cobalt catalysts tend to adsorb hydrogen protons during hydrogen production. Cobalt / cobalt oxide catalysts can be prepared by oxidizing local cobalt catalysts at high temperatures to balance the adsorption and desorption processes of hydrogen protons.

[0048] In some feasible embodiments, the step of high-temperature local oxidation of the cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst to a cobalt / cobalt oxide / carbon cloth catalyst may include:

[0049] Step d: Place the cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst in a tube furnace and heat it from room temperature at a rate of 5°C / min.

[0050] Step e involves maintaining the temperature at 500°C for 4 hours to obtain a cobalt / cobalt oxide / carbon cloth catalyst.

[0051] Cobalt is partially oxidized by gradually increasing the temperature. At high temperatures, cobalt is partially oxidized by oxygen in the air to generate cobalt oxide, thus obtaining a cobalt / cobalt oxide / carbon cloth catalyst.

[0052] Step S30: The cobalt / cobalt oxide / carbon cloth catalyst is eluted, and the solution after elution of carbon cloth is dried to obtain the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst.

[0053] Carbon cloth, used as a catalyst support, can be removed by elution after cobalt oxide is prepared. The main solute in the eluted solution is cobalt / cobalt oxide. Drying the solution yields the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst.

[0054] In some feasible embodiments, the step of eluting and drying the cobalt / cobalt oxide / carbon cloth catalyst to obtain the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst may include:

[0055] Step f: Place the cobalt / cobalt oxide / carbon cloth catalyst in an ultrasonic oscillator and oscillate continuously for 2 hours, then filter out the cobalt / cobalt oxide solution;

[0056] Step g: The cobalt / cobalt oxide solution is placed in a vacuum furnace and dried at 50°C for 3-5 hours to prepare the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst.

[0057] The elution process can be carried out in an ultrasonic oscillator. Sufficient oscillation separates the carbon cloth from the cobalt / cobalt oxide, forming a cobalt / cobalt oxide solution. This solution is then dried at a low temperature for a certain period to prevent further oxidation of the cobalt, resulting in an excessive amount of cobalt oxide, thus yielding the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst. The final cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst uses metallic cobalt as a substrate, which improves conductivity during contact. The outer layer of cobalt oxide further enhances the catalyst's hydrogen adsorption and desorption capabilities, thereby significantly improving its catalytic performance.

[0058] In this embodiment, a two-step method is used to prepare the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst. First, a cobalt salt is reduced with a reducing agent to prepare a cobalt catalyst. Then, the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst is prepared by high-temperature oxidation of the local cobalt catalyst. The preparation process is simple. In the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst, cobalt tends to adsorb hydrogen protons during hydrogen production, while cobalt oxide tends to desorb hydrogen protons during hydrogen production. This ensures that the adsorption and desorption processes are carried out in a balanced manner, thereby improving the hydrogen production efficiency.

[0059] This invention also provides a cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst for hydrogen fuel cells, prepared using the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst preparation method for hydrogen fuel cells described above. Figure 2 The XRD (X-ray Diffraction) spectra of the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalysts obtained using the above preparation method are shown below. Figure 2 In the diagram, the horizontal axis represents the 2θ angle, and the vertical axis represents the diffraction intensity. Figure 2 As can be seen from the results, the prepared product exhibits diffraction peaks for Co and CoO, confirming that the product is a cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst. In the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst, the ratio of cobalt to cobalt oxide can be 1:1.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] (1) 0.3g cobalt chloride, 1g sodium hydroxide, 0.5g sodium borohydride and 2cm×2cm carbon cloth were placed in 100mL of ultrapure water and stirred continuously at room temperature for 1h to prepare Co / carbon cloth catalyst.

[0062] (2) Then the prepared Co / carbon cloth was placed in ultrapure water and ultrasonically vibrated for 30 min to remove sodium hydroxide and sodium borohydride impurities.

[0063] (3) The washed Co / carbon cloth catalyst is then placed in a vacuum furnace and dried at 50°C for 2 hours.

[0064] (4) The prepared Co / carbon cloth catalyst was placed in a tube furnace and heated from room temperature at a rate of 5℃ / min. It was then kept at 500℃ for 4 hours to prepare the sample Co / CoO / carbon cloth catalyst.

[0065] (5) The prepared Co / CoO / carbon cloth catalyst was placed in an ultrasonic oscillator and continuously oscillated for 2 hours before filtering out the Co / CoO solution.

[0066] (6) The Co / CoO solution was dried in a vacuum furnace at 50°C for 3 hours to prepare the Co / CoO catalyst.

[0067] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the hydrogen evolution test performance of Example 1. The horizontal axis represents the overpotential in mV, and the vertical axis represents the current density in mA / cm². 2 .from Figure 3 As can be seen, the current density change in Example 1 is relatively gradual, and the difference between extreme current density values ​​is small, around 10 mA / cm². 2 At current density, the overpotential is only 44mV, resulting in low energy consumption and good hydrogen evolution performance.

[0068] Comparative Example 1

[0069] (1) 0.5g cobalt chloride, 2g sodium hydroxide, 0.7g sodium borohydride and 2cm×2cm carbon cloth were placed in 100mL of ultrapure water and stirred continuously at room temperature for 1h to prepare Co / carbon cloth catalyst.

[0070] (2) Then the prepared Co / carbon cloth was placed in ultrapure water and ultrasonically vibrated for 30 min to remove sodium hydroxide and sodium borohydride impurities.

[0071] (3) The washed Co / carbon cloth catalyst is then placed in a vacuum furnace and dried at 50°C for 2 hours.

[0072] (4) The prepared Co / carbon cloth catalyst was placed in a tube furnace and heated from room temperature at a rate of 5℃ / min. It was then kept at 500℃ for 4 hours to prepare the sample Co / CoO / carbon cloth catalyst.

[0073] (5) The prepared Co / CoO / carbon cloth catalyst was placed in an ultrasonic oscillator and continuously oscillated for 2 hours before filtering out the Co / CoO solution.

[0074] (6) The Co / CoO solution was dried in a vacuum furnace at 50°C for 4 hours to prepare the Co / CoO catalyst.

[0075] Figure 4 The graph shows the hydrogen evolution test performance of Comparative Example 1. The horizontal axis represents the overpotential in mV, and the vertical axis represents the current density in mA / cm². 2 .from Figure 4 As can be seen, the current density in Comparative Example 1 varies considerably, fluctuating even after reaching a certain extreme value, with a large difference between the extreme values ​​of current density, around 10 mA / cm². 2 At current density, the overpotential is 53mV, resulting in high energy consumption and poor hydrogen evolution performance.

[0076] Comparative Example 2

[0077] (1) 0.8g cobalt chloride, 3g sodium hydroxide, 1g sodium borohydride and 2cm×2cm carbon cloth were placed in 100mL of ultrapure water and stirred continuously at room temperature for 1h to prepare Co / carbon cloth catalyst.

[0078] (2) Then the prepared Co / carbon cloth was placed in ultrapure water and ultrasonically vibrated for 30 min to remove sodium hydroxide and sodium borohydride impurities.

[0079] (3) The washed Co / carbon cloth catalyst is then placed in a vacuum furnace and dried at 50°C for 2 hours.

[0080] (4) The prepared Co / carbon cloth catalyst was placed in a tube furnace and heated from room temperature at a rate of 5℃ / min. It was then kept at 500℃ for 4 hours to prepare the sample Co / CoO / carbon cloth catalyst.

[0081] (5) The prepared Co / CoO / carbon cloth catalyst was placed in an ultrasonic oscillator and continuously oscillated for 2 hours before filtering out the Co / CoO solution.

[0082] (6) The Co / CoO solution was dried in a vacuum furnace at 50°C for 5 hours to prepare the Co / CoO catalyst.

[0083] Figure 5 The graph shows the hydrogen evolution test performance of Comparative Example 2. The horizontal axis represents the overpotential in mV, and the vertical axis represents the current density in mA / cm². 2 .from Figure 5 As can be seen from the data, the current density of Comparative Example 2 varies significantly, with a large difference in extreme current density values, particularly around 10 mA / cm². 2 At current density, the overpotential is 87mV, resulting in high energy consumption and poor hydrogen evolution performance.

[0084] Comparative Example 3

[0085] (1) 0.3g cobalt chloride, 1g sodium hydroxide, 0.5g sodium borohydride and 2cm×2cm carbon cloth were placed in 100mL of ultrapure water and stirred continuously at room temperature for 1h to prepare Co / carbon cloth catalyst.

[0086] (2) Then the prepared Co / carbon cloth was placed in ultrapure water and ultrasonically vibrated for 30 min to remove sodium hydroxide and sodium borohydride impurities.

[0087] (3) The washed Co / carbon cloth catalyst is then placed in a vacuum furnace and dried at 50°C for 2 hours.

[0088] (4) The prepared Co / carbon cloth catalyst was placed in a tube furnace and heated from room temperature at a rate of 5℃ / min. It was then kept at 800℃ for 4 hours to prepare the sample CoO / carbon cloth catalyst.

[0089] (5) The prepared CoO / carbon cloth catalyst was placed in an ultrasonic oscillator and continuously oscillated for 2 hours before filtering out the CoO solution.

[0090] (6) The CoO solution was dried in a vacuum furnace at 50°C for 3 hours to prepare the CoO catalyst.

[0091] Figure 6 The graph shows the hydrogen evolution test performance of Comparative Example 3. The horizontal axis represents the overpotential in mV, and the vertical axis represents the current density in mA / cm². 2 .from Figure 6 As can be seen, the current density of Comparative Example 3 varies considerably, with a large difference in extreme current density values, especially around 10 mA / cm². 2 At current density, the overpotential is 84mV, resulting in high energy consumption and poor hydrogen evolution performance.

[0092] Comparative Example 4

[0093] (1) 0.3g cobalt chloride, 1g sodium hydroxide, 0.5g sodium borohydride and 2cm×2cm carbon cloth were placed in 100mL of ultrapure water and stirred continuously at room temperature for 1h to prepare Co / carbon cloth catalyst.

[0094] (2) Then the prepared Co / carbon cloth was placed in ultrapure water and ultrasonically vibrated for 30 min to remove sodium hydroxide and sodium borohydride impurities.

[0095] (3) The washed Co / carbon cloth catalyst was then placed in a vacuum furnace and dried at 50°C for 2 hours to prepare the Co catalyst.

[0096] Figure 7 The graph shows the hydrogen evolution test performance of Comparative Example 4. The horizontal axis represents the overpotential in mV, and the vertical axis represents the current density in mA / cm². 2 .from Figure 7 As can be seen, the current density of Comparative Example 4 varies significantly, with large fluctuations and a large difference in extreme values, especially around 10 mA / cm². 2 At current density, the overpotential is 78mV, resulting in high energy consumption and poor hydrogen evolution performance.

[0097] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or system. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or system that includes that element.

[0098] The sequence numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0099] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the patent. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst for hydrogen fuel cells, characterized in that, The method for preparing the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst for hydrogen fuel cells includes the following steps: Cobalt / carbon cloth catalysts were prepared using cobalt salts, reducing agents, and carbon cloth under alkaline conditions. The cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst is locally oxidized at high temperature to a cobalt / cobalt oxide / carbon cloth catalyst. The cobalt / cobalt oxide / carbon cloth catalyst was eluted, and the solution after elution of carbon cloth was dried to obtain the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst. The steps for preparing cobalt / carbon cloth catalysts using cobalt salts, reducing agents, and carbon cloth under alkaline conditions include: Cobalt salt, sodium hydroxide, reducing agent and carbon cloth were placed in ultrapure water and stirred continuously at room temperature to obtain a cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst. The cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst was subjected to ultrasonic oscillation treatment to remove sodium hydroxide impurities; The cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst, after removing sodium hydroxide impurities, was placed in a vacuum furnace and dried at 50°C for 2 hours. The step of high-temperature local oxidation of the cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst to cobalt / cobalt oxide / carbon cloth catalyst includes: The cobalt / carbon cloth catalyst was placed in a tube furnace and heated from room temperature at a rate of 5°C / min. After the temperature was raised to 500℃ and held for 4 hours, a cobalt / cobalt oxide / carbon cloth catalyst was obtained. The step of eluting the cobalt / cobalt oxide / carbon cloth catalyst and drying the solution after elution of the carbon cloth to obtain the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst includes: The cobalt / cobalt oxide / carbon cloth catalyst was placed in an ultrasonic oscillator and continuously oscillated for 2 hours, and the cobalt / cobalt oxide solution was filtered out. The cobalt / cobalt oxide solution was dried in a vacuum furnace at 50°C for 3-5 hours to prepare the cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst.

2. The method for preparing a cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst for hydrogen fuel cells as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cobalt salt is cobalt chloride or cobalt acetate.

3. The method for preparing a cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst for hydrogen fuel cells as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The reducing agent is sodium borohydride or lithium dimethylaminoborohydride.

4. The method for preparing a cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst for hydrogen fuel cells as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon cloth has a size of 2cm × 2cm.

5. The method for preparing a cobalt / cobalt oxide catalyst for hydrogen fuel cells according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The molar ratio of the cobalt salt to the reducing agent is 1:1 to 1.5:1.

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