Impact-resistant composite roller and movable tooth speed reducer

Abstract

The application provides an impact-resistant composite roller oscillating tooth speed reducer, which comprises a shock wave input shaft, an oscillating tooth frame output shaft, a center wheel, an input end bearing end cover, an input shaft end cover, an output shaft end cover, an output end bearing end cover, an input end felt ring, an output end felt ring and a composite roller which are coaxially installed. A regular dodecahedron porous structure is designed in the composite roller, the shock wave input shaft and the oscillating tooth frame output shaft, and polyurethane elastomer is filled in the porous structure, so that the viscous damping of the components is improved. When the speed reducer works under the conditions of impact and heavy load, the viscous damping can absorb vibration waves, effectively reduce vibration and noise, and realize the functions of lightweight structure, high specific strength, energy absorption and vibration reduction. The application adjusts the internal temperature of the speed reducer by using the melting endothermic characteristics, so that the composite roller oscillating tooth speed reducer can adapt to the environment with high temperature or large temperature change, and the working performance of the speed reducer is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of mechanical transmission, in particular to an anti-impact composite roller and movable tooth reducer. BACKGROUND

[0002] As an important transmission device, the roller and movable tooth reducer has the advantages of strong bearing capacity, large transmission ratio, small volume, etc. However, when the reducer is working, it will bear a large impact load under heavy load and impact conditions, which will cause large vibration and noise of the system, reduce the working efficiency and service life of the reducer; at the same time, under the continuous action of impact load, the temperature rise occurs in the internal of the reducer, which causes the change of the meshing gap of the roller and movable tooth reducer, affects the meshing precision, and the low precision of each component in high temperature environment also affects the stability of the transmission system, at the same time, the temperature rise causes the reduction of the viscosity of the lubricant, which leads to the reduction of the lubricating performance and the service life of the reducer, greatly limiting the promotion of the roller and movable tooth reducer.

[0003] Based on the above-mentioned shortcomings of the reducer, patent CN2342163Y proposes a heavy-duty high-efficiency anti-impact movable tooth reducer, which is different from the half pitch distance double-row split of the movable tooth roller and the movable tooth ball, and is installed in a common close-tooth circle; the movable tooth roller is equipped with a semicircular spherical roller on both sides; the balance eccentric sleeve is two groups, and the phase difference of the corresponding transmission shaft is 180 degrees. This structure can improve the impact resistance of the reducer, can reduce and increase the speed transmission, and has a large speed ratio, but the volume of this structure is large, and only through the meshing of multiple teeth can meet the anti-impact working requirement, and it does not have the energy absorption and vibration reduction function, at the same time, the temperature rise in the internal of the reducer caused by the impact load cannot be adjusted, which affects the working performance of the reducer.

[0004] Therefore, the current reducer still has the shortcomings of large structure volume, poor energy absorption and vibration reduction capacity, and internal temperature that cannot be adjusted to affect the working performance of the reducer, which limits the use of the reducer. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art mentioned in the background, the present application proposes an anti-impact composite roller and movable tooth reducer, which aims to realize the lightweight, high specific strength, energy absorption and vibration reduction of the reducer structure by using the porous structure, so as to improve the anti-impact ability of the composite roller and movable tooth reducer. In addition, the center wheel, input shaft end cover and output shaft end cover of the reducer are designed with porous structure and injected with paraffin composite phase change material to adjust the temperature change in the internal of the reducer caused by the impact load.

[0006] Specifically, the application provides an impact-resistant composite roller sliding-vane reducer, which comprises a shocker input shaft, a sliding-vane frame output shaft, a center wheel, an input end bearing end cover, an input shaft end cover, an output shaft end cover, an output end bearing end cover, an input end felt ring, an output end felt ring and composite rollers, the input shaft end cover and the output shaft end cover are connected with the center wheel, the output end of the sliding-vane frame output shaft is matched with the output end bearing, the tooth groove end of the sliding-vane frame output shaft is matched with the outer ring of the bearing, the inner ring of the bearing is matched with the shocker input shaft near the elliptical shocker end, the output end of the shocker input shaft is matched with the input end bearing, the input end felt ring and the output end felt ring are respectively arranged between the input end bearing end cover and the shocker input shaft and between the output end bearing end cover and the sliding-vane frame output shaft for sealing, the input end bearing end cover and the input shaft end cover and the output end bearing end cover and the output shaft end cover are connected with each other, respectively, and the composite rollers are uniformly distributed in the tooth grooves outside the sliding-vane frame output shaft, the composite rollers are engaged with the shocker input shaft and the center wheel for transmission so as to drive the sliding-vane frame output shaft to output power.

[0007] The composite roller comprises an internal porous roller and a polyurethane elastomer, the internal porous roller is designed as a central cylindrical cavity and deep hole structures at two ends, the central cylindrical cavity is internally provided with a regular dodecahedron porous structure and filled with the polyurethane elastomer.

[0008] The center wheel is a disc with internal teeth, the center wheel is internally provided with a circular ring cavity, the circular ring cavity is provided with a regular dodecahedron porous structure and filled with a liquid paraffin composite phase change material.

[0009] The sliding-vane frame output shaft is internally provided with a spline-like cavity near the tooth groove, a plurality of spline-like through holes with circular arc surfaces in the circumferential direction and flat side surfaces are uniformly distributed at the large end surface of the sliding-vane frame output shaft, the spline-like through holes are arranged in a staggered manner with the tooth grooves and uniformly distributed at the large end surface of the sliding-vane frame output shaft near the meshing teeth, the regular dodecahedron porous structure is arranged in the spline-like through holes and the spline-like through holes and filled with the polyurethane elastomer.

[0010] The elliptical structure of the shocker input shaft is provided with four irregular through holes, the circumferential connecting ribs of the through holes are equal in width, the circumferential arc surfaces of the through holes are cut from the circular curve near the shaft center and the equidistant lines of the elliptical contour of the shocker input shaft away from the shaft center, the through hole side surfaces parallel to the axis and perpendicular to the axis direction are two flat surfaces with different widths, the regular dodecahedron porous structure is arranged in the through hole and filled with the polyurethane elastomer.

[0011] Preferably, chamfers are arranged at the edges and corners of the spline-like through holes, the spline-like through holes and the through holes arranged on the shocker input shaft.

[0012] Preferably, the center wheel is bolted with the input shaft end cover and the output shaft end cover, and a positioning stop is arranged at the end face of the center wheel, and the inner cavity of the center wheel is in the shape of a Chinese character "K" in the direction parallel to the axis.

[0013] Preferably, the inner part of the large-diameter end of the input shaft end cover and the output shaft end cover is designed as a circular annular cavity, and a regular dodecahedron porous structure is arranged in the inner part of the circular annular cavity and filled with a paraffin composite phase change material.

[0014] Preferably, two bolt holes are uniformly arranged at the small-diameter end of the center wheel, the input shaft end cover and the output shaft end cover in the direction of 180° in the radial direction, and the two bolt holes are respectively a first bolt hole and a second bolt hole, the first bolt hole is used as an inlet for filling the paraffin composite phase change material, and the second bolt hole is used as an observation hole.

[0015] Preferably, the two bolt holes are plugged by bolts after the paraffin composite phase change material is filled.

[0016] Preferably, the first bolt hole and the second bolt hole have a certain depth, and the inner cavity of the center wheel is in the shape of a Chinese character "K" in the direction parallel to the axis at the position.

[0017] Preferably, a hole channel is arranged at the first bolt hole and the second bolt hole in the direction of the axis of the input shaft end cover and the output shaft end cover, the hole channel is in the shape of an L in the direction parallel to the axis at the connection position of the two bolt holes uniformly distributed in the radial direction, and the hole channel is communicated with the circular annular cavity of the large-diameter end of the input shaft end cover and the output shaft end cover.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) The inner cavity of the center wheel is in the shape of a Chinese character "K" in the direction parallel to the axis, the large-diameter end of the input shaft end cover and the output shaft end cover is designed as a circular annular cavity, a regular dodecahedron hole type is designed in the cavity, the structure can be lightened, the weight of the components can be reduced, and the material can be saved, the paraffin composite phase change material is filled in the porous structure in the large-diameter end of the center wheel, the input shaft end cover and the output shaft end cover, the temperature inside the composite roller live tooth reducer is adjusted by using the characteristics of heat absorption when the paraffin composite phase change material is melted and heat release when the paraffin composite phase change material is solidified, the change of the meshing gap caused by the high temperature under the action of the impact load is avoided, and the meshing state of the meshing pair is affected, the working performance of the reducer can be greatly improved, and the service life of the reducer can be effectively increased.

[0020] (2) The composite roller of this invention has a cylindrical cavity at its center and deep cavity structures at both ends. A spline-like cavity is designed inside the output shaft of the movable gear carriage near the tooth groove, with a length not exceeding the length of the shaft section. At the same time, ten trapezoidal through holes with circumferential arc surfaces and flat sides are evenly distributed on the large end face of the output shaft of the movable gear carriage. Four irregular through holes are arranged in the elliptical part of the shock wave input shaft, with consistent spacing between each hole. The circumferential arc surface is cut by a circular curve near the axis and equidistant lines of the elliptical profile of the shock wave input shaft away from the axis. The two sides of the through holes are flat, which can reduce the weight of the component and increase the filling area of ​​the polyurethane elastomer composite material.

[0021] (3) The internal cavity of the composite roller, the live gear output shaft and the shock input shaft of the present invention is a regular dodecahedral porous structure and is filled with polyurethane elastomer. The porous structure has excellent properties such as lightweight structure, high specific strength and energy absorption and vibration reduction. The porous structure design and polyurethane elastomer filling can increase the system flexibility, effectively reduce vibration and noise, improve the overall performance and service life of the reducer, and has broad market prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an impact-resistant composite roller gear reducer according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an impact-resistant composite roller gear reducer according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the composite roller described in this invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the composite roller described in this invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the output shaft of the movable gear frame described in this invention;

[0027] Figure 6 The front view of the output shaft of the movable gear frame described in this invention:

[0028] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the output shaft of the movable gear frame described in this invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the input shaft of the shock generator described in this invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a front view of the input axis of the shock generator described in this invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the center wheel described in this invention;

[0032] Figure 11This is a cross-sectional view of the central wheel A as described in this invention;

[0033] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the central wheel along direction B as described in this invention;

[0034] Figure 13 This is a front axonometric view of the input shaft end cover described in this invention;

[0035] Figure 14 This is a reverse isometric view of the input shaft end cover described in this invention;

[0036] Figure 15 This is a front axonometric view of the output shaft end cover described in this invention;

[0037] Figure 16 This is a reverse isometric view of the output shaft end cover described in this invention.

[0038] The following are explanations of some of the attached figures:

[0039] 1- Output shaft of the movable gear frame; 2- Output end felt ring; 3- Output end bearing end cover; 4- Output end bearing; 5- Output shaft end cover; 6- Bearing; 7- Center wheel; 8- Input shaft end cover; 9- Input end bearing; 10- Input end felt ring; 11- Input end bearing end cover; 12- Shocker input shaft; 13- Composite roller; 101- First bolt hole; 102- Second bolt hole; 103- Channel. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The following describes an embodiment of the impact-resistant composite roller gear reducer proposed in this invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0041] This invention provides an impact-resistant composite roller gear reducer, such as... Figures 1-2 As shown, it includes a shock input shaft 12, a movable gear output shaft 1, a center wheel 7, an input end bearing end cover 11, an input shaft end cover 8, an output shaft end cover 5, an output end bearing end cover 3, an input end bearing 9, an output end bearing 4, a bearing 6, an input end felt ring 10, an output end felt ring 2, and a composite roller 13.

[0042] The shock wave input shaft 12 is coaxially connected to the gear frame 1. The input shaft end cover 8 and the output shaft end cover 5 are respectively connected to the center wheel 7 by bolts. The protruding end of the gear frame output shaft 1 is connected to the output bearing 4 and sealed by the output bearing end cover 3. The tooth groove end of the gear frame output shaft 1 is connected to the outer ring of the bearing 6. The inner ring of the bearing 6 is connected to the end of the shock wave input shaft 12 near the elliptical shock wave. The protruding end of the shock wave input shaft 12 is connected to the input bearing 9 and sealed by the input bearing end cover 11. The input bearing end cover 11 and the shock wave input shaft 12 are sealed by the input felt ring 10. The output bearing end cover 3 and the gear frame output shaft 1 are sealed by the output felt ring 2. The input bearing end cover 11 and the input shaft end cover 8, and the output bearing end cover 3 and the output shaft end cover 5 are respectively connected by bolts.

[0043] The shock wave input shaft 12 and the composite rollers 13 form a meshing transmission pair. Multiple composite rollers 13 are evenly distributed in the tooth grooves of the live gear output shaft 1, and form meshing pairs with the central wheel 7 and the live gear output shaft 1 respectively.

[0044] The center wheel 7 is a disc with internal teeth. During operation, the center wheel 7 remains fixed, and the shock wave input shaft 12 starts to rotate under driving force, which in turn drives the internal compound roller 13 to rotate, and finally drives the live gear output shaft 1 to output power.

[0045] like Figures 3-9 As shown, the composite roller 13 includes an internal porous roller and a polyurethane elastomer. The composite roller 13 has a cylindrical cavity at its center and deep cavity structures at both ends. A spline-like cavity is provided inside the output shaft 1 near the tooth groove. The length of this spline-like cavity does not exceed the length of this shaft segment. Furthermore, ten trapezoidal through holes with circumferential arc surfaces and flat sides are evenly distributed on the large end face of the output shaft 1. To ensure the strength of the output shaft 1, these through holes are staggered from the tooth groove and evenly distributed on the end face near the meshing teeth. The spline-like hole and trapezoidal through hole structure design can increase the contact area, increase the friction surface, increase the tensile and compressive deformation and shear deformation of the polyurethane elastomer under load, thereby increasing energy dissipation and further improving vibration damping performance.

[0046] The shock input shaft 12 has four irregularly shaped through holes arranged in its elliptical portion. The circumferential connecting ribs of each hole maintain a consistent width. To ensure the strength of the shock input shaft 12 while reducing its weight and increasing the area of ​​the filling material, the circumferential arc surface of each through hole is formed by cutting a circular curve near the axis and equidistant lines from the elliptical profile of the shock input shaft 12 away from the axis. Specifically, the inner edge of the through hole is an arc of a circle concentric with the axis, and the outer edge is an arc of an ellipse concentric with the outer elliptical profile of the shock input shaft 12. The sides of the through holes parallel to and perpendicular to the axis are two planes of unequal width. This structure also ensures a consistent radial thickness along the elliptical profile of the shock input shaft 12.

[0047] In embodiments of the present invention, the corners of the spline-like holes and trapezoidal through holes of the movable gear output shaft 1, as well as the corners of the four through holes of the shock wave input shaft 12, are rounded to avoid stress concentration that could cause premature failure of the shock wave input shaft 12 and the movable gear output shaft 1. The internal cavities of the composite roller 13, the shock wave input shaft 12, and the movable gear output shaft 1 are dodecahedral porous structures filled with polyurethane elastomer. This porous structure design achieves lightweight construction, high specific strength, and energy absorption and vibration reduction. The deep cavity structure at both ends effectively improves the problem of excessive stress at both ends of the composite roller 13, preventing fatigue failure of the composite roller 13 due to excessive stress.

[0048] Polyurethane elastomers possess excellent properties such as high stability, acid and alkali resistance, solvent resistance, light weight, and insulation. In this invention, filling the porous structure inside the composite roller 13, shock generator input shaft 12, and movable gear output shaft 1 with polyurethane elastomer can improve the viscous damping of the composite roller 13, movable gear output shaft 1, and shock generator input shaft 12. When the reducer operates under impact and heavy load conditions, the viscous damping can absorb vibration waves, effectively reduce vibration and noise, improve the system's impact resistance, and enhance the overall performance and service life of the reducer.

[0049] like Figures 10-16 As shown, the central wheel 7 meshes with multiple composite rollers 13 to form a transmission pair. The central wheel 7 is connected to the input shaft end cover 8 and the output shaft end cover 5. A positioning stop is provided at the end face of the central wheel 7. To ensure uniform inner wall thickness, the inner cavity of the central wheel 7 has a "convex" shaped cross-section along the direction parallel to the axis. The large diameter ends of the input shaft end cover 8 and the output shaft end cover 5 have annular cavities. A dodecahedral porous structure is provided in the cavities of the central wheel 7, the input shaft end cover 8, and the output shaft end cover 5, which can make the structure of the central wheel 7, the input shaft end cover 8, and the output shaft end cover 5 lightweight, reduce component weight, and save materials.

[0050] Liquid paraffin composite phase change material is injected into the dodecahedral porous structure inside the center wheel 7, input shaft end cover 8, and output shaft end cover 5. This allows for full utilization of the latent heat of the paraffin composite phase change material to achieve temperature control. Under impact loads, the internal temperature of the reducer rises. The heat absorption characteristic of the melting paraffin composite phase change material effectively regulates the internal temperature of the reducer, enabling it to adapt to high-temperature or drastically changing environments. This ensures the normal operation of the composite roller gear reducer and prevents changes in meshing clearance due to excessive temperature, which could affect the meshing state of the meshing pair and reduce the reducer's service life and performance.

[0051] A certain thickness is left at the bolt connection points of the center wheel 7, the input shaft end cap 8, and the output shaft end cap 5, without multiple holes to facilitate bolt hole machining and avoid damage to the threads, preventing the bolts from being properly connected. Two bolt holes are evenly arranged radially at 180° intervals at the small diameter ends of the center wheel 7, the input shaft end cap 8, and the output shaft end cap 5. These two bolt holes are designated as the first bolt hole 101 and the second bolt hole 102. The first bolt hole 101 serves as the inlet for filling the paraffin composite phase change material, while the second bolt hole 102 serves as an observation hole to observe whether the paraffin composite material has filled the entire cavity and to balance the air pressure, facilitating the rapid filling of the entire cavity by the paraffin composite phase change material. After the paraffin composite phase change material is filled, both holes are sealed with bolts. At the radial paraffin composite phase change material filling holes and observation holes at the small diameter ends of the input shaft end cover 8 and the output shaft end cover 5, namely the first bolt hole 101 and the second bolt hole 102, a channel 103 is machined along the component axis. The connection position of the channel 103 with the two radially evenly distributed bolt holes has an "L" shape in the cross section along the direction parallel to the axis, and communicates with the annular cavity at the large diameter end of the input shaft end cover 8 and the output shaft end cover 5.

[0052] In this invention, the inner cavity of the center wheel 7 has a "convex" shaped cross-section along the direction parallel to the axis. The input shaft end cover 8 and the output shaft end cover 5 are designed with annular cavities at their larger diameter ends. The cavities are designed with a regular dodecahedral hole shape, which can make the structure lightweight, reduce the weight of components, and save materials. On the other hand, the porous structure inside the center wheel 7, the input shaft end cover 8, and the output shaft end cover 5 is filled with paraffin composite phase change material. The characteristics of paraffin composite phase change material, which absorbs heat when melting and releases heat when solidifying, are used to regulate the internal temperature of the composite roller gear reducer. This avoids changes in the meshing clearance due to excessive temperature under impact loads, which would affect the meshing state of the meshing pair. This can significantly improve the working performance of the reducer and effectively increase its service life.

[0053] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An impact-resistant composite roller gear reducer, characterized in that: It includes a shock input shaft, a movable gear output shaft, a center wheel, an input end bearing cover, an input shaft end cover, an output shaft end cover, an output end bearing end cover, an input end felt ring, an output end felt ring, and composite rollers, all mounted coaxially. The input shaft end cover and the output shaft end cover are connected to the center wheel. The extended end of the movable gear output shaft mates with the output end bearing. The tooth groove end of the movable gear output shaft mates with the outer ring of the bearing. The inner ring of the bearing mates with the end of the shock input shaft near the elliptical shock. The extended end of the shock input shaft mates with the input end bearing. The input end bearing end cover and the shock input shaft, as well as the output end bearing end cover and the movable gear output shaft, are sealed using the input end felt ring and the output end felt ring, respectively. The input end bearing end cover and the input shaft end cover, as well as the output end bearing end cover and the output shaft end cover, are connected to each other. Multiple composite rollers are evenly distributed in the tooth grooves on the outside of the movable gear output shaft. The composite rollers mesh with the shock input shaft and the center wheel, respectively, thereby driving the movable gear output shaft to output power. The composite roller includes an internal porous roller and a polyurethane elastomer. The internal porous roller includes a central cylindrical cavity and deep cavity structures at both ends. The interior of the central cylindrical cavity is a regular dodecahedral porous structure and is filled with the polyurethane elastomer. The central wheel is a disc with internal teeth. The central wheel has an annular cavity inside. The annular cavity is a regular dodecahedral porous structure and is filled with liquid paraffin composite phase change material. The output shaft of the movable gear carriage has a spline-like cavity near the tooth groove. Multiple trapezoidal through holes with circumferential arc surfaces and flat sides are evenly distributed on the large end face of the output shaft of the movable gear carriage. The trapezoidal through holes are arranged alternately with the tooth groove and are evenly distributed on the large end face of the output shaft of the movable gear carriage near the meshing teeth. Both the spline-like holes and the trapezoidal through holes are provided with a regular dodecahedral porous structure and filled with the polyurethane elastomer. The elliptical structure of the shock input shaft has four irregular through holes. The circumferential connecting ribs of each through hole are of equal width. The circumferential arc surface of the through hole is cut from a circular curve near the axis and equidistant lines of the elliptical profile of the shock input shaft away from the axis. The sides of the through hole parallel to the axis and perpendicular to the axis are two planes of unequal width. The through hole is provided with a regular dodecahedral porous structure and filled with polyurethane elastomer.

2. The impact-resistant composite roller gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corners of the spline-like holes, trapezoidal through holes, and through holes on the shock wave input shaft are all chamfered.

3. The impact-resistant composite roller gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center wheel is bolted to the input shaft end cover and the output shaft end cover. A positioning stop is provided at the end face of the center wheel, and the inner cavity of the center wheel has a convex shape in the cross section along the direction parallel to the axis.

4. The impact-resistant composite roller gear reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The large-diameter ends of the input shaft end cap and the output shaft end cap are configured with annular cavities. The annular cavities are equipped with a regular dodecahedral porous structure and filled with paraffin composite phase change material.

5. The impact-resistant composite roller gear reducer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The center wheel, input shaft end cap, and output shaft end cap have two bolt holes arranged radially at 180° at their small diameter ends. The two bolt holes are the first bolt hole and the second bolt hole, respectively. The first bolt hole serves as the inlet for filling the paraffin composite phase change material, and the second bolt hole serves as an observation hole.

6. The impact-resistant composite roller gear reducer according to claim 5, characterized in that: After the paraffin composite phase change material is filled, the two bolt holes are sealed with bolts.

7. The impact-resistant composite roller gear reducer according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both the first bolt hole and the second bolt hole have a certain depth, and at this position, the inner cavity of the center wheel has a concave shape along the direction parallel to the axis.

8. The impact-resistant composite roller gear reducer according to claim 5, characterized in that: A channel is provided at the first bolt hole and the second bolt hole along the axial direction of the input shaft end cover and the output shaft end cover. The connection position of the channel and the two radially evenly distributed bolt holes is L-shaped in the cross section parallel to the axial direction. The channel communicates with the large-diameter end annular cavity of the input shaft end cover and the output shaft end cover.

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