Systems and methods for determining TCI states for multiple transmission occasions

Abstract

Systems and methods are provided for determining transmission configuration indication (TCI) states for multiple transmission opportunities. In some embodiments, a method performed by a wireless device includes: receiving a configuration including: a list of TCI states; a TCI activation command for activating a subset of TCI states and mapping each codepoint to an activated TCI state; and a time threshold; receiving a scheduling message that schedules transmission opportunities in a time slot; determining a time offset between receiving the scheduling message and each transmission opportunity; determining a TCI state for each transmission opportunity if at least one time offset is less than the time threshold; and receiving the transmission opportunity with the determined TCI state. The proposed solution ensures consistent UE behavior and allows for more robust PDSCH transmissions across multiple TRPs.

Description

[0001] Related applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of provisional patent application serial number 63 / 008,389, filed on April 10, 2020, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to determining a transmission configuration indication (TCI) state. Background Art

[0004] NR uses cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM) in both the downlink (DL) (i.e., from the network node, gNB, or base station to the user equipment or UE) and uplink (UL) (i.e., from the UE to the gNB). DFT-spread OFDM is also supported in the uplink. In the time domain, the NR downlink and uplink are organized into equal-sized subframes of 1 ms each. The subframes are further divided into multiple slots of equal duration. The slot length depends on the subcarrier spacing. For With a subcarrier spacing of 1, each subframe has only one time slot, and each time slot consists of 14 OFDM symbols.

[0005] In NR, data scheduling is usually based on time slots. Figure 1 An example with a 14-symbol slot is shown in , where the first two symbols contain the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) and the remaining symbols contain the Physical Shared Data Channel, either the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) or the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH).

[0006] Different subcarrier spacing values are supported in NR. The supported subcarrier spacing values (also known as different numerologies) are determined by Given, where μ . is the basic subcarrier spacing. The time slot duration of different subcarrier spacing is determined by ms given.

[0007] In the frequency domain, the system bandwidth is divided into resource blocks (RBs), each corresponding to 12 consecutive subcarriers. RBs are numbered starting from 0 at one end of the system bandwidth. Figure 2 The basic NR physical time-frequency resource grid is shown in Figure 2, where only one RB within a 14-symbol slot is shown. One OFDM subcarrier during one OFDM symbol interval forms one resource element (RE).

[0008] Downlink transmissions can be scheduled dynamically (i.e., in each slot, the gNB transmits downlink control information (DCI) on the PDCCH regarding the UE to which data will be transmitted and on which RBs and OFDM symbols in the current downlink slot). In NR, the PDCCH is typically transmitted in the first few OFDM symbols of each slot. UE data is carried on the PDSCH.

[0009] In NR, three DCI formats are defined to schedule PDSCH, namely DCI format 1_0, DCI format 1_1, and DCI format 1_2. DCI format 1_0 has a smaller size than DCI 1_1 and can be used when the UE is not connected to the network, while DCI format 1_1 can be used to schedule MIMO (multiple input multiple output) transmissions, where up to 2 transport blocks (TBs) can be used. DCI format 1_2 was introduced in NR Release 16 (Rel-16) to support configurable sizes of certain bit fields in DCI.

[0010] The DCI may contain one or more of the following bit fields:

[0011] - Frequency Domain Resource Assignment (FDRA)

[0012] - Time Domain Resource Assignment (TDRA)

[0013] - Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS)

[0014] - New Data Indicator (NDI)

[0015] - Redundancy Version (RV)

[0016] - HARQ process number

[0017] - PUCCH Resource Indicator (PRI)

[0018] - PDSCH-to-HARQ_feedback timing indicator (K1)

[0019] - Antenna port(s)

[0020] - Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI)

[0021] The UE first detects and decodes the PDCCH, and if decoding is successful, it decodes the corresponding PDSCH based on the decoded DCI carried in the PDCCH. The PDSCH decoding status is sent back to the gNB in the form of a HARQ acknowledgment in the PUCCH resource indicated by the PRI. Figure 3An example is shown in . The time offset T1 between the reception of DL DCI and the corresponding PDSCH is determined by the slot offset and starting symbol of the PDSCH indicated in the TDRA of the DCI. The time offset T2 between the reception of DL DCI and the corresponding HARQ ACK is provided by the PDSCH-to-HARQ_feedback timing indicator in the DCI.

[0022] Time domain resource allocation

[0023] When a UE is scheduled to receive PDSCH via DCI, the value m of the time domain resource (TDRA) assignment field of the DCI provides the row index m+1 of the time domain resource allocation table. When DCI is detected, PDSCH time domain resource allocation is performed according to the RRC configured TDRA list (i.e., a table of TDRA entries) via the RRC parameter pdsch-TimeDomainAllocationList provided in the UE-specific PDSCH configuration pdsch-Config. Each TDRA entry in the TDRA list defines the time slot offset K0 between the PDSCH and the PDCCH that schedules the PDSCH, the start and length indicators SLIV, the PDSCH mapping type (Type A or Type B) to be assumed in PDSCH reception, and an optional number of repetitions RepNumR16.

[0024] TCI status

[0025] Demodulation Reference Signal (DM-RS) is used for coherent demodulation of PDSCH. DM-RS is confined to the resource block carrying the associated PDSCH and is mapped to the allocated resource elements (REs) of the OFDM time-frequency grid in NR so that the receiver can efficiently handle time / frequency selective fading radio channels. PDSCH can have one or more DMRS, each associated with an antenna port. The antenna port used for PDSCH is indicated in the DCI that schedules the PDSCH.

[0026] Several signals can be transmitted from different antenna ports in the same physical location. These signals can have the same large-scale properties when measured at the receiver, such as Doppler shift / spread, average delay spread, or average delay. These antenna ports are then called quasi-co-located (QCL). The network can then signal the QCL of the two antenna ports to the UE. If the UE knows the QCL of the two antenna ports with respect to a certain parameter (e.g., Doppler spread), the UE can estimate the parameter based on one of the antenna ports that transmits a reference signal, and use the parameter to estimate the other antenna port when receiving another reference signal or physical channel. Typically, the first antenna port is represented by a measurement reference signal such as a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) (referred to as the source RS), and the second antenna port is a DMRS for PDSCH reception (referred to as the target RS).

[0027] In NR, the QCL relationship between the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) and other reference signals in the PDSCH is described by the TCI state. Depending on the UE capabilities, up to 128 TCI states in frequency range 2 (FR2) and up to 8 TCI states in FR1 can be configured for the UE through RRC signaling. Each TCI state contains QCL information for the purpose of PDSCH reception. One or two TCI states can be dynamically signaled to the UE in the TCI field in the DCI scheduling the PDSCH.

[0028] The QCL relationship between the DMRS and other reference signals in the PDCCH is described by the TCI state of the control resource set (CORESET) on which the PDCCH is transmitted. For each CORESET configured for the UE, a list of TCI states is RRC-configured, one of which is activated by a MAC CE. In NR Rel-15, a UE can be configured with up to three CORESETs per bandwidth part (BWP). In NR Rel-16, a UE can be configured with up to five CORESETs per BWP, depending on UE capabilities.

[0029] Improved systems and methods are needed for determining TCI status. Summary of the Invention

[0030] A system and method for determining transmission configuration indication (TCI) states for multiple transmission opportunities is provided. In some embodiments, a method performed by a wireless device for determining TCI states for multiple transmission opportunities includes one or more of the following steps: receiving a configuration, wherein the configuration includes one or more of: a list of TCI states; a TCI activation command for activating a subset of TCI states and mapping each codepoint in a plurality of codepoints to one or more of the activated TCI states; and a time threshold; receiving a scheduling message in a time slot that schedules the multiple transmission opportunities; determining a plurality of time offsets between receiving the scheduling message and each transmission opportunity in the plurality of transmission opportunities; determining a TCI state for each transmission opportunity in the plurality of transmission opportunities if at least one of the plurality of time offsets is less than the time threshold; and receiving the plurality of transmission opportunities with the determined TCI state. The proposed solution ensures consistent UE behavior and allows for more robust PDSCH transmissions over multiple TRPs. In some embodiments, a method performed by a base station for determining TCI states for a plurality of transmission opportunities comprises one or more steps of: transmitting a configuration to a wireless device, wherein the configuration comprises one or more of: a list of TCI states; a TCI activation command for activating a subset of TCI states and mapping each codepoint in a plurality of codepoints to one or more of the activated TCI states; and a time threshold; transmitting a scheduling message to the wireless device in a time slot that schedules the plurality of transmission opportunities; determining a plurality of time offsets between receiving the scheduling message and each transmission opportunity in the plurality of transmission opportunities; determining a TCI state for each transmission opportunity in the plurality of transmission opportunities if at least one of the plurality of time offsets is less than the time threshold; and transmitting the plurality of transmission opportunities with the determined TCI state to the wireless device. The proposed solution ensures consistent UE behavior and allows for more robust PDSCH transmissions over multiple TRPs.

[0031] When the time offset between the reception of DL DCI and a subset of PDSCH opportunities is less than a threshold timeDurationForQCL , and the time offset between the reception of DL DCI and the second subset of PDSCH opportunities is greater than the threshold timeDurationForQCL A method for defining UE behavior is proposed.

[0032] In some embodiments, the scheduling message scheduling the plurality of transmission opportunities comprises a DCI scheduling the plurality of transmission opportunities. In some embodiments, the plurality of transmission opportunities comprises a plurality of PDSCH transmission opportunities.

[0033] In some embodiments, the method further includes determining a first time offset and a second time offset, wherein the first time offset is below a time threshold and the second time offset is equal to or greater than the time threshold.

[0034] In some embodiments, the method further includes determining one or two default TCI states based on a codepoint to TCI state(s) mapping in the activate command.

[0035] In some embodiments, the DCI indicates one or more TCI states for a PDSCH transmission opportunity. In some embodiments, one or more default TCI states are applied to PDSCH opportunities associated with a first time offset, and one or more indicated TCI states are applied to PDSCH opportunities associated with a second time offset.

[0036] In some embodiments, if two default TCI states, ie, the first and second default TCI states, are determined, the first default TCI state and the second TCI state are alternately applied to the PDSCH opportunity associated with the first time offset for every one or two PDSCH opportunities.

[0037] In some embodiments, if two TCI states are indicated in the DCI, namely a first and a second indicated TCI state, then starting from the first indicated TCI state, the first indicated TCI state and the second indicated TCI state are alternately applied to the PDSCH opportunity associated with the second time offset for each or two PDSCH opportunities.

[0038] In some embodiments, if two TCI states are indicated in the DCI, namely a first and a second indicated TCI state, the first indicated TCI state and the second indicated TCI state are applied to the PDSCH timing associated with the second time offset in the same order as if the first time offset did not exist.

[0039] In some embodiments, if the first time offset exists, one or more default TCI states are applied to all PDSCH opportunities.

[0040] In some embodiments, if two default TCI states, ie, the first and second default TCI states, are determined, the first default TCI state and the second TCI state are alternately applied to the PDSCH opportunity for every one or two PDSCH opportunities.

[0041] Certain embodiments may provide one or more of the following technical advantages: The proposed solution ensures consistent UE behavior and allows for more robust PDSCH transmissions over multiple TRPs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate several aspects of the disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

[0043] Figure 1 shows an example data schedule with 14-symbol slots in New Radio (NR), which is generally based on slots, where the first two symbols contain the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) and the remaining symbols contain the Physical Shared Data Channel, i.e., the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) or the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH);

[0044] Figure 2 The basic NR physical time-frequency resource grid is shown, where only one RB within a 14-symbol slot is shown;

[0045] Figure 3 Shows sending PDSCH decoding status back to the gNB in the form of HARQ acknowledgment;

[0046] Figure 4 An example of a cellular communication system in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented is shown;

[0047] Figure 5 shows multiple PDSCHs of the same TB scheduled via DCI in NR Rel-15 according to some embodiments;

[0048] Figure 6 According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, higher layer parameters CycMapping Example of slot-based PUSCH repetition for NR Rel-16 with cyclic mapping of TCI states configured;

[0049] Figure 7 is an example of slot-based PUSCH repetition for NR Rel-16 configured with sequential mapping of TCI states via the higher layer parameter SeqMapping according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0050] Figure 8 , wherein according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, two PDSCH transmission opportunities (i.e., PDSCH1 and PDSCH2) are scheduled in the same time slot via DCI;

[0051] Figure 9 A method performed by a wireless device for determining TCI states for multiple transmission opportunities according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0052] Figure 10 A method performed by a base station for determining TCI states for multiple transmission opportunities according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0053] Figure 11 shows an example of TCI state allocation for multiple PDSCH transmission opportunities (N=4) according to some embodiments;

[0054] Figure 12 An example according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown, wherein starting from a first TCI state x and then a second TCI state y, the indicated TCI state is applied to the remaining PDSCH opportunities;

[0055] Figure 13 An example is shown according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, wherein when the time offset between the reception of the DCI and the first PDSCH is greater than or equal to a threshold configured by timeDurationForQCL, the indicated TCI state may be applied to the remaining PDSCH opportunities according to their regular TCI state order;

[0056] Figure 14 An example is shown according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, wherein if the time offset between the reception of the DCI and the corresponding first PDSCH is less than a threshold configured by timeDurationForQCL, a default TCI state is applied to all PDSCH transmission opportunities;

[0057] Figure 15 shows a first example embodiment of TCI state allocation for 'TDMSchemeA' according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0058] Figure 16 A second example embodiment according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown, wherein a first default TCI state is applied to a first PDSCH opportunity, and TCI state y (which is the second indicated TCI state in the DCI) is applied to a second PDSCH opportunity;

[0059] Figure 17 shows a third example embodiment of TCI state allocation for 'TDMSchemeA' according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0060] Figure 18 is a schematic block diagram of a radio access node according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0061] Figure 19 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a virtualization embodiment of a radio access node according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0062] Figure 20 is a schematic block diagram of a radio access node according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0063] Figure 21 is a schematic block diagram of a wireless communication device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0064] Figure 22 is a schematic block diagram of a wireless communication device according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0065] Figure 23 , according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure, according to an embodiment, a communication system includes a telecommunication network such as a 3GPP-type cellular network, which includes an access network such as a RAN and a core network;

[0066] Figure 24 shows an example implementation according to an embodiment of a UE, a base station, and a host computer according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0067] Figure 25 is a flow chart illustrating a method implemented in a communication system according to one embodiment;

[0068] Figure 26 is a flow chart illustrating a method implemented in a communication system according to one embodiment;

[0069] Figure 27 is a flow chart illustrating a method implemented in a communication system according to one embodiment; and

[0070] Figure 28 is a flow chart illustrating a method implemented in a communication system according to one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] The embodiments set forth below represent information that enables those skilled in the art to practice the embodiments and illustrate the best mode for practicing the embodiments. Upon reading the following description in light of the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will understand the concepts of the present disclosure and will recognize applications of these concepts not specifically mentioned herein. It should be understood that these concepts and applications fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0072] Radio Node: As used herein, a "radio node" is a radio access node or a wireless communication device.

[0073]

[0015] Radio Access Node: As used herein, a "radio access node" or "radio network node" or "radio access network node" is any node in a radio access network (RAN) of a cellular communication network that operates to transmit and / or receive signals wirelessly. Some examples of radio access nodes include, but are not limited to, a base station (e.g., a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) fifth generation (5G) New Radio (NR) base station (gNB) in a NR network or an enhanced or evolved Node B (eNB) in a 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) network), a high power or macro base station, a low power base station (e.g., a micro base station, a pico base station, a home eNB, etc.), a relay node, a network node that implements part of the functionality of a base station (e.g., a network node that implements a gNB central unit (gNB-CU) or a network node that implements a gNB distributed unit (gNB-DU)), or a network node that implements part of the functionality of some other type of radio access node.

[0074] Core network node: As used herein, a "core network node" is any type of node in the core network or any node that implements a core network function. Some examples of core network nodes include, for example, a mobility management entity (MME), a packet data network gateway (P-GW), a service capability exposure function (SCEF), a home subscriber server (HSS), and the like. Other examples of core network nodes include nodes that implement the access and mobility management function (AMF), the user plane function (UPF), the session management function (SMF), the authentication server function (AUSF), the network slice selection function (NSSF), the network exposure function (NEF), the network function (NF) repository function (NRF), the policy control function (PCF), the unified data management (UDM), and the like.

[0075] Communication Device: As used herein, a "communication device" is any type of device that has access to an access network. Some examples of communication devices include, but are not limited to, mobile phones, smartphones, sensor devices, meters, vehicles, home appliances, medical devices, media players, cameras, or any type of consumer electronics, such as, but not limited to, televisions, radios, lighting devices, tablets, laptops, or personal computers (PCs). A communication device can be portable, handheld, computer-included, or in-vehicle mobile device that is enabled to communicate voice and / or data via a wireless or wired connection.

[0076] Wireless Communication Device: One type of communication device is a wireless communication device, which can be any type of wireless device that has access to (i.e., is served by) a wireless network (e.g., a cellular network). Some examples of wireless communication devices include, but are not limited to, user equipment devices (UEs) in 3GPP networks, machine-type communication (MTC) devices, and Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Such wireless communication devices can be, or can be integrated into, mobile phones, smartphones, sensor devices, meters, vehicles, home appliances, medical devices, media players, cameras, or any type of consumer electronic product, such as, but not limited to, televisions, radios, lighting devices, tablets, laptops, or PCs. Wireless communication devices can be portable, handheld, computer-included, or in-vehicle mobile devices that are enabled to communicate voice and / or data via a wireless connection.

[0077] Network node: As used herein, a "network node" refers to any node that is either part of the RAN or the core network of a cellular communication network / system.

[0078] Note that the description given herein focuses on 3GPP cellular communication systems and, therefore, 3GPP terminology or terminology similar to 3GPP terminology is often used. However, the concepts disclosed herein are not limited to 3GPP systems.

[0079] Note that in the description herein, reference may be made to the term "cell"; however, particularly with respect to 5G NR concepts, beams may be used instead of cells, and therefore, it is important to note that the concepts described herein are equally applicable to both cells and beams.

[0080] Figure 4An example of a cellular communication system 400 in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented is shown. In the embodiments described herein, cellular communication system 400 is a 5G system (5GS) including an NR RAN or an LTE RAN (i.e., an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) RAN). In this example, the RAN includes base stations 402-1 and 402-2, which are referred to as gNBs in 5G NR (e.g., LTE RAN nodes connected to the 5G Core (5GC) are referred to as gn-eNBs), which control corresponding (macro) cells 404-1 and 404-2. Base stations 402-1 and 402-2 are generally referred to herein as base stations 402, and individually as base stations 402. Similarly, (macro) cells 404-1 and 404-2 are generally referred to herein as (macro) cells 404, and individually as (macro) cells 404. The RAN may also include multiple low-power nodes 406-1 to 406-4 that control corresponding small cells 408-1 to 408-4. Low-power nodes 406-1 through 406-4 may be small base stations (such as pico or femto base stations) or remote radio heads (RRHs), among others. Note that, although not shown, one or more of small cells 408-1 through 408-4 may alternatively be provided by base station 402. Low-power nodes 406-1 through 406-4 are generally referred to herein as low-power nodes 406, and individually as low-power nodes 406. Similarly, small cells 408-1 through 408-4 are generally referred to herein as small cells 408, and individually as small cells 408. Cellular communication system 400 also includes a core network 410, which in 5GS is referred to as a 5G Core (5GC). Base station 402 (and optionally low-power nodes 406) are connected to core network 410.

[0081] Base station 402 and low power node 406 provide services to wireless communication devices 412-1 through 412-5 in corresponding cells 404 and 408. Wireless communication devices 412-1 through 412-5 are generally referred to herein as wireless communication devices 412, and individually as wireless communication devices 412. In the following description, wireless communication devices 412 are often UEs, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0082] PDSCH repetition scheme

[0083] NR Rel-15 multi-slot PDSCH transmission

[0084] For PDSCH dynamically scheduled in PDCCH via DCI format 1_1 or 1_2 with CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) scrambled by C-RNTI, MCS-C-RNTI or CS-RNTI, the same PDSCH symbol allocation is applied across multiple consecutive slots if the UE is configured with the RRC parameter pdsch-AggregationFactor. The number is given by the value of pdsch-AggregationFactor.

[0085] For semi-persistently scheduled (SPS) PDSCH configured by RRC parameter sps-Config and activated by DCI format 1_1 or 1_2, if pdsch-AggregationFactor is present in sps-Config, the same symbol allocation applies across pdsch-AggregationFactor consecutive slots.

[0086] In these cases, the same TB is repeated within each symbol allocation among each of pdsch-AggregationFactor consecutive slots, and the PDSCH is confined to a single transmission layer. Figure 5 Multiple PDSCHs of the same TB scheduled by DCI in NRRel-15 according to some embodiments are shown.

[0087] NR Rel-16 slot-based PUSCH repetition

[0088] When the UE is configured by the higher layer parameter PDSCH-config indicating that at least one entry in the pdsch-TimeDomainAllocationList contains RepNumR16 in PDSCH-TimeDomainResourceAllocation, one or two TCI states may be indicated to the UE in the DCI field 'Transmission configuration indication' and in the codepoint of the DCI field "Time domain resource assignment" indicating that an entry in the pdsch-TimeDomainAllocationList contains RepNum16 in PDSCH-TimeDomainResourceAllocation and contains (one or more) DM-RS ports in one CDM group in the DCI field "Antenna port(s)".

[0089] - When using ' Transmission Configuration Indicator When the ' field indicates two TCI states, the UE can expect to receive multi-slot level PDSCH transmission opportunities for the same TB using both TCI states across multiple PDSCH transmission opportunities, as defined in clause 5.1.2.1.

[0090] - When using ' Transmission Configuration Indicator When the ' field indicates a TCI state, the UE can expect to receive multi-slot level PDSCH transmission opportunities of the same TB across multiple PDSCH transmission opportunities using one TCI state, as defined in clause 5.1.2.1.

[0091] Figure 6 is passed through higher-level parameters CycMapping An example of slot-based PUSCH repetition for NR Rel-16 configured with cyclic mapping of TCI states. In this example, transmission is scheduled in slot n using a single DCI, with two TCI states (i.e., TCI states x and y) indicated in the TCI field (i.e., the 'Transmission Configuration Indication' field) and RepNumR16 = 4 in the TDRA field. PDSCHs with the same TB are transmitted over four consecutive slots across two Transmission Routing Modules (TRP1 (with TCI state x) and TRP2 (with TCI state y)). The two TCI states are cycled on the PDSCH, with PDSCH1 and PDSCH3 transmitted in slots n+1 and n+3, respectively, using TCI state x, and PDSCH2 and PDSCH4 transmitted in slots n+2 and n+4, respectively, using TCI state y. PDCCHs are transmitted from the CORESET using TCI state z.

[0092] Figure 7 This is an example of slot-based PUSCH repetition for NR Rel-16 with sequential mapping of TCI states configured via the higher-layer parameter SeqMapping. Similarly, two TCI states (i.e., TCI states x and y) and RepNumR16 = 4 are indicated in the DCI. In this case, the same TCI state is applied to two consecutive slots.

[0093] In the above example, it is assumed that the offset (in OFDM symbols) between the reception of DL DCI and the corresponding PDSCH is greater than the preconfigured threshold timeDurationForQCL, so that the TCI state indicated in the TCI field of DCI is applied to PDSCH transmission.

[0094] NR Rel-16 based on mini-slot PDSCH repetition

[0095] When two TCI states are indicated in the DCI and the UE is configured with 'TDMSchemeA', the UE may receive two PDSCH transmission opportunities for the same TB, where each TCI state is associated to a PDSCH transmission opportunity with non-overlapping time domain resource allocation with respect to the other PDSCH transmission opportunity, and receive the two PDSCH transmission opportunities within the same time slot. Figure 8An example is shown in FIG, where two PDSCH transmission opportunities (i.e., PDSCH1 and PDSCH2) are scheduled in the same time slot via DCI. A gap may be configured between the two PDSCH opportunities. Two TCI states (TCI states x and y) are indicated in the DCI. The first TCI state (i.e., TCI state x) is applied to the first PDSCH opportunity (i.e., PDSCH1), while the second TCI state (i.e., TCI state y) is applied to the second PDSCH opportunity (i.e., PDSCH2).

[0096] It is assumed that when the offset (in units of OFDM symbols) between the reception of DL DCI and the first PDSCH is greater than a preconfigured threshold timeDurationForQCL, the TCI state indicated in the DCI is applied to PDSCH transmission.

[0097] Default TCI status(es)

[0098] Single TRP transmission

[0099] If no TCI code point is mapped to two different TCI states, and the time offset between the reception of the DL DCI and the corresponding PDSCH is less than the threshold timeDurationForQCL configured by higher layers, then instead of using the TCI state indicated in the TCI field of the DCI that schedules the PDSCH, the UE may assume that the TCI state of the PDSCH is given by the TCI state activated for the CORESET with the lowest ControlResourceSetId among one or more CORESETs in the latest timeslot in the active BWP of the serving cell monitored by the UE. This TCI state is referred to herein as the default TCI state. If none of the TCI states configured for the serving cell of the scheduled PDSCH includes 'QCL-TypeD', the UE shall derive the other QCL assumptions from the TCI state indicated by the DCI for its scheduled PDSCH, regardless of the time offset between the reception of the DL DCI and the corresponding PDSCH.

[0100] Multi-TRP transmission

[0101] If the offset between the reception of DL DCI and the corresponding PDSCH is less than the threshold timeDurationForQCL, and at least one configured TCI state of the serving cell of the scheduled PDSCH includes 'QCL-TypeD', and at least one TCI codepoint is configured with two TCI states, the UE may assume that the TCI state of the PDSCH is given by the TCI state corresponding to the lowest codepoint among the TCI codepoints containing two different TCI states. In this case, the two TCI states are the default TCI states.

[0102] The default TCI state corresponds to the Rx beam used by the UE to receive (and buffer) the PDSCH before decoding the corresponding DCI (because the UE does not know what TCI state(s) are required to receive the PDSCH before DCI decoding). Otherwise, if the time offset between the DCI and the PDSCH (which is unknown before decoding the DCI) is lower than a threshold, the wrong Rx beam may be used and the PDSCH may be lost.

[0103] There are certain challenges (one or more) when scheduling multiple PDSCH transmission opportunities and when the time offset between the reception of DL DCI and the corresponding first PDSCH is less than a threshold timeDurationForQCL , and the time offset between the reception of DL DCI and, for example, the corresponding second PDSCH is greater than a threshold, the UE behavior for the second and subsequent PDSCH opportunities is undefined. This can lead to degraded PDSCH performance if the actual TCI state used for the PDSCH transmission opportunity differs from the TCI state assumed by the UE.

[0104] Improved systems and methods are needed for determining TCI status.

[0105] A system and method for determining a transmission configuration indication (TCI) state for multiple transmission opportunities is provided. In some embodiments, a method performed by a wireless device for determining TCI states for multiple transmission opportunities includes one or more steps of: receiving a configuration, wherein the configuration includes one or more of: a list of TCI states; a TCI activation command for activating a subset of TCI states and mapping each codepoint in a plurality of codepoints to one or more of the activated TCI states; and a time threshold; receiving a scheduling message in a time slot that schedules the multiple transmission opportunities; determining a plurality of time offsets between receiving the scheduling message and each transmission opportunity in the plurality of transmission opportunities; determining a TCI state for each transmission opportunity in the plurality of transmission opportunities if at least one of the plurality of time offsets is less than the time threshold; and receiving the plurality of transmission opportunities with the determined TCI states. The proposed solution ensures consistent UE behavior and allows for more robust PDSCH transmissions over multiple TRPs.

[0106] Figure 9A method performed by a wireless device for determining TCI states for a plurality of transmission opportunities is shown. In some embodiments, the wireless device performs one or more of the following steps: receiving a configuration, wherein the configuration includes one or more of: a list of TCI states; a TCI activation command for activating a subset of TCI states and mapping each codepoint in a plurality of codepoints to one or more of the activated TCI states; and a time threshold (step 900); receiving a scheduling message in a time slot that schedules the plurality of transmission opportunities (step 902); determining a plurality of time offsets between receiving the scheduling message and each of the plurality of transmission opportunities (step 904); determining a TCI state for each of the plurality of transmission opportunities if at least one of the plurality of time offsets is less than the time threshold (step 906); and receiving the plurality of transmission opportunities with the determined TCI state (step 908). The proposed solution ensures consistent UE behavior and allows for more robust PDSCH transmissions across multiple TRPs.

[0107] Figure 10 A method performed by a base station for determining TCI states for a plurality of transmission opportunities is shown. In some embodiments, the base station performs one or more of the following steps: transmitting a configuration to a wireless device, wherein the configuration includes one or more of the following: a list of TCI states; a TCI activation command for activating a subset of TCI states and mapping each codepoint in a plurality of codepoints to one or more of the activated TCI states; and a time threshold (step 1000); transmitting a scheduling message to the wireless device in a time slot that schedules the plurality of transmission opportunities (step 1002); determining a plurality of time offsets between receiving the scheduling message and each of the plurality of transmission opportunities (step 1004); determining a TCI state for each of the plurality of transmission opportunities if at least one of the plurality of time offsets is less than the time threshold (step 1006); and transmitting the plurality of transmission opportunities with the determined TCI state to the wireless device (step 1008). The proposed solution ensures consistent UE behavior and allows for more robust PDSCH transmissions across multiple TRPs.

[0108] Scenario 1: Single TRP transmission

[0109] In this scenario, no codepoint in the TCI field of the DCI maps to two different TCI states in the TCI Activation MAC CE command. According to the NR Rel-15 specification, a single default TCI state is given by the TCI state activated for the CORESET with the lowest ControlResourceSetId among one or more CORESETs in the latest timeslot in the active BWP of the serving cell monitored by the UE.

[0110] When N>1 PDSCH transmission opportunities are scheduled via DCI (e.g., PDSCH-AggregationFactor = N is configured or RepNumR16 = N is configured), if the time offset between the reception of the DCI and the start of the corresponding n-th PDSCH is less than the threshold configured by the higher layer parameter timeDurationForQCL, then when the time offset between the reception of the DCI and the corresponding start of the (n+1)-th PDSCH is greater than the threshold, the default TCI state is applied to PDSCH opportunities 1 to n, and the TCI state indicated in the DCI is applied to the remaining PDSCH opportunities (i.e., PDSCH opportunities (n+1) to N).

[0111] Figure 11 An example of TCI state allocation for multiple PDSCH transmission opportunities (N=4) according to some embodiments is shown. Figure 11 An example is shown in FIG, where N=4 and n=1. T1 is the time offset between the reception of the DCI and the first PDSCH, and T1 < timeDurationForQCL. T2 is the time offset between the reception of the DCI and the second PDSCH, and T2 > timeDurationForQCL. TCI state x is the TCI state indicated in the TCI field of the DCI. In this case, the default TCI state may be applied to the first PDSCH opportunity, while TCI state x applies to the remaining PDSCH opportunities.

[0112] Alternatively, if the time offset between the reception of the DCI and the corresponding first PDSCH is less than a threshold configured by the higher layer parameter timeDurationForQCL, the default TCI state is applied to all PDSCH transmission opportunities.

[0113] Scenario 2: Multi-TRP transmission with slot-based PDSCH repetition

[0114] In this scenario, if at least one TCI state among the configured TCI states of the serving cell of the scheduled PDSCH includes 'QCL-TypeD', and at least one TCI code point is mapped to two activated TCI states in the TCI activation MAC CE, then according to the NR Rel-16 specification, the default TCI state of the PDSCH is given by the TCI state corresponding to the lowest code point among the TCI code points containing two different TCI states.

[0115] When N>1 PDSCH transmission opportunities are scheduled via DCI (e.g., PDSCH-AggregationFactor = N is configured or RepNumR16 = N is configured), if the time offset between the reception of the DCI and the corresponding n-th PDSCH is less than the threshold configured by the higher layer parameter timeDurationForQCL, and the time offset between the reception of the DCI and the corresponding (n+1)-th PDSCH is greater than the threshold, then the default TCI state is applied to the reception of PDSCH opportunities 1 to n, and the TCI state indicated in the TCI field of the DCI (e.g., the first TCI state x and the second TCI state y) is applied to the remaining PDSCH opportunities (i.e., PDSCH opportunities (n+1) to N).

[0116] In one embodiment, starting from a first TCI state x and then a second TCI state y, the indicated TCI state is applied to the remaining PDSCH opportunities. Figure 12 Figure 2 shows an example where four PDSCH transmission opportunities are scheduled via DCI. In this example, the time offset (T1) between the reception of the DCI and the first PDSCH is less than the threshold timeDurationForQCL, while the time offset (T2) between the reception of the DCI and the second PDSCH is greater than the threshold. In this case, the default TCI state is applied to the first PDSCH opportunity, while the TCI state indicated in the DCI is applied to the second through fourth PDSCH opportunities in a cyclic manner, starting with the first indicated TCI state (TCI state x), according to the configuration of the higher-layer parameter CycMapping.

[0117] Alternatively, when the time offset between the reception of the DCI and the first PDSCH is greater than or equal to the threshold configured by timeDurationForQCL, the indicated TCI state may be applied to the remaining PDSCH opportunities according to their regular TCI state order. Figure 13 An example is shown in Figure 13 (a) shows the TCI mapping with CycMapping, while Figure 13TCI mapping with higher layer parameter SeqMapping is shown in (b).

[0118] In another embodiment, if the time offset between the reception of the DCI and the corresponding first PDSCH is less than the threshold configured by timeDurationForQCL, the default TCI state is applied to all PDSCH transmission opportunities. Figure 14 Examples for both CycMapping and SeqMapping are shown in .

[0119] In another embodiment, by using a default TCI state in multiple repetitions, it is ensured that the number of different TCI states is limited to two, even for PDSCH occasions with a time offset greater than timedurationforQCL. Thus, different multiple PDSCH transmissions use the TCI state {first default TCI state, TCI state x} or {first default TCI state, TCI state y}. For example, if n=1, then the multiple repetitions used in the cyclic mapping are {first default TCI state, TCI state x, first default TCI state, TCI state x, first default TCI state, TCI state x, ...} or {first default TCI state, TCI state y, first default TCI state, TCI state y, ...}, or the multiple repetitions used in the sequential mapping are {first default TCI state, first default TCI state, TCI state y, TCI state y} (there are four occasions in this example). Note that in this sequential case, the default TCI state can also be reused for transmissions after the threshold.

[0120] This embodiment ensures that the UE does not need to be prepared to receive PDSCH repetitions using more than two TCI states.

[0121] Whether to use {first default TCI state and TCI state x} or {first default TCI state and TCI state y} can be determined by the normal TCI state in the first opportunity after the threshold. In sequential mapping, the second TCI state can always be used for the second half of the repetition, while the default TCI state is used for the first half (if T1 <timedurationforQCL)。

[0122] Scenario 3: Multi-TRP transfer using 'TDMSchemeA'

[0123] Similar to scenario 2, in this scenario, at least one TCI state among the configured TCI states of the serving cell of the scheduled PDSCH includes 'QCL-TypeD', and at least one TCI codepoint is mapped to two activated TCI states. According to the NR Rel-16 specification, the default TCI state of the PDSCH is given by the TCI state corresponding to the lowest codepoint among the TCI codepoints containing two different TCI states.

[0124] Figure 15 A first example embodiment of TCI state assignment for 'TDMSchemeA' is shown in FIG. T1 is the time offset between the reception of the DCI and the first PDSCH, and T1 < timeDurationForQCL. T2 is the time offset between the reception of the DCI and the second PDSCH, and T2 > timeDurationForQCL. In this example embodiment, the first default TCI state is applied to the first PDSCH opportunity, and TCI state x (which is the first indicated TCI state in the DCI) is applied to the second PDSCH opportunity. Figure 16 A second example embodiment is shown in . In this second example embodiment, a first default TCI state is applied to the first PDSCH opportunity, and TCI state y (which is the second indicated TCI state in the DCI) is applied to the second PDSCH opportunity.

[0125] Figure 17 A third example embodiment of TCI state assignment for 'TDMSchemeA' is shown in FIG. T1 is the time offset between the reception of the DCI and the first PDSCH, and T1 < timeDurationForQCL. T2 is the time offset between the reception of the DCI and the second PDSCH, and T2 < timeDurationForQCL. This example corresponds to the case where the timeDurationForQCL reported by the UE is greater than or equal to 14 symbols (i.e., the timeDurationForQCL threshold is equal to or greater than the slot duration). In this example embodiment, the first default TCI state is applied to the first PDSCH opportunity, and the second default TCI state is applied to the second PDSCH opportunity.

[0126] Figure 18Figure 1800 is a schematic block diagram of a radio access node 1800 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Optional features are indicated by dashed boxes. Radio access node 1800 may be, for example, base station 402 or 406, or a network node that implements all or part of the functionality of base station 402 or gNB described herein. As shown, radio access node 1800 includes a control system 1802, which includes one or more processors 1804 (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), and / or similar components), a memory 1806, and a network interface 1808. The one or more processors 1804 are also referred to herein as processing circuitry. Furthermore, radio access node 1800 may include one or more radio units 1810, each of which includes one or more transmitters 1812 and one or more receivers 1814 coupled to one or more antennas 1816. Radio units 1810 may be referred to as, or may be part of, radio interface circuitry. In some embodiments, the radio unit(s) 1810 are external to the control system 1802 and are connected to the control system 1802 via, for example, a wired connection (e.g., a fiber optic cable). However, in some other embodiments, the radio unit(s) 1810 and potentially the antenna(s) 1816 are integrated with the control system 1802. The one or more processors 1804 operate to provide one or more functions of the radio access node 1800 as described herein. In some embodiments, the function(s) are implemented in software stored, for example, in the memory 1806 and executed by the one or more processors 1804.

[0127] Figure 19 1 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a virtualized embodiment of a radio access node 1800 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The discussion is equally applicable to other types of network nodes. Furthermore, other types of network nodes may have similar virtualized architectures. Similarly, optional features are indicated by dashed boxes.

[0128] As used herein, a "virtualized" radio access node is an implementation of radio access node 1800 in which at least a portion of the functionality of radio access node 1800 is implemented as one or more virtual components (e.g., via one or more virtual machines executing on one or more physical processing nodes in one or more networks). As shown, in this example, radio access node 1800 may include a control system 1802 and / or the one or more radio units 1810, as described above. Control system 1802 may be connected to radio unit(s) 1810 via, for example, an optical cable. Radio access node 1800 includes one or more processing nodes 1900, which are coupled to or included as part of network(s) 1902. If present, control system 1802 or radio unit(s) are connected to processing node(s) 1900 via network 1902. Each processing node 1900 includes one or more processors 1904 (eg, CPUs, ASICs, FPGAs, and / or similar components), memory 1906 , and a network interface 1908 .

[0129] In this example, the functionality 1910 of the radio access node 1800 described herein is implemented at the one or more processing nodes 1900 or distributed across the one or more processing nodes 1900, the control system 1802, and / or the radio unit(s) 1810 in any desired manner. In certain specific embodiments, some or all of the functionality 1910 of the radio access node 1800 described herein is implemented as virtual components executed by one or more virtual machines implemented in a virtual environment(s) hosted by the processing node(s) 1900. Those skilled in the art will recognize that additional signaling or communication between the processing node(s) 1900 and the control system 1802 is used to perform at least some of the desired functionality 1910. Note that in some embodiments, the control system 1802 may not be included, in which case the radio unit(s) 1810 communicates directly with the processing node(s) 1900 via one or more suitable network interfaces.

[0130] In some embodiments, a computer program comprising instructions is provided that, when executed by at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to perform the functionality of a radio access node 1800 or a node (e.g., processing node 1900) that implements one or more functions 1910 of the radio access node 1800 in a virtual environment according to any embodiment described herein. In some embodiments, a carrier comprising the computer program product is provided. The carrier is one of an electronic signal, an optical signal, a radio signal, or a computer-readable storage medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as a memory).

[0131] Figure 20 is a schematic block diagram of a radio access node 1800 according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure. The radio access node 1800 includes one or more modules 2000, each module 2000 being implemented in software. The module(s) 2000 provide the functionality of the radio access node 1800 described herein. The discussion is also applicable to Figure 19 1900 , where module 2000 may be implemented at one of processing nodes 1900 , or distributed across multiple processing nodes 1900 , and / or between (one or more) processing nodes 1900 and control system 1802 .

[0132] Figure 21 2 is a schematic block diagram of a wireless communication device 2100 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown, the wireless communication device 2100 includes one or more processors 2102 (e.g., CPUs, ASICs, FPGAs, and / or similar components), memory 2104, and one or more transceivers 2106, each of which includes one or more transmitters 2108 and one or more receivers 2110 coupled to one or more antennas 2112. The transceiver(s) 2106 include radio front-end circuitry connected to the antenna(s) 2112, which is configured to condition signals transmitted between the antenna(s) 2112 and the processor(s) 2102, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. The processor 2102 is also referred to herein as processing circuitry. The transceiver 2106 is also referred to herein as radio circuitry. In some embodiments, the functionality of the wireless communication device 2100 described above may be implemented in whole or in part using software stored, for example, in the memory 2104 and executed by the processor(s) 2102. Note that the wireless communication device 2100 may include Figure 21Additional components not shown, such as, for example, one or more user interface components (e.g., input / output interfaces including displays, buttons, touch screens, microphones, speaker(s) and / or similar components, and / or any other components allowing information to be input into and / or output from the wireless communication device 2100), a power source (e.g., a battery and associated power circuitry), etc.

[0133] In some embodiments, a computer program comprising instructions is provided that, when executed by at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to perform the functionality of the wireless communication device 2100 according to any embodiment described herein. In some embodiments, a carrier comprising the computer program product is provided. The carrier is one of an electronic signal, an optical signal, a radio signal, or a computer-readable storage medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as a memory).

[0134] Figure 22 2 is a schematic block diagram of a wireless communication device 2100 according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure. The wireless communication device 2100 includes one or more modules 2200, each of which is implemented in software. The module(s) 2200 provide the functionality of the wireless communication device 2100 described herein.

[0135] refer to Figure 23 According to one embodiment, a communications system includes a telecommunications network 2300, such as a 3GPP-type cellular network, including an access network 2302, such as a RAN, and a core network 2304. Access network 2302 includes multiple base stations 2306A, 2306B, and 2306C, such as Node Bs, eNBs, gNBs, or other types of wireless access points (APs), each defining a corresponding coverage area 2308A, 2308B, and 2308C. Each base station 2306A, 2306B, and 2306C can be connected to core network 2304 via a wired or wireless connection 2310. A first UE 2312 located in coverage area 2308C is configured to wirelessly connect to or be paged by a corresponding base station 2306C. A second UE 2314 in coverage area 2308A can also wirelessly connect to a corresponding base station 2306A. Although multiple UEs 2312 , 2314 are shown in this example, the disclosed embodiments are equally applicable to situations where only one UE is located in the coverage area or only one UE is connected to the corresponding base station 2306 .

[0136] Telecommunications network 2300 itself is connected to a host computer 2316, which may be embodied in the hardware and / or software of a standalone server, a cloud-based server, a distributed server, or as processing resources within a server farm. Host computer 2316 may be owned or controlled by a service provider, or may be operated by or on behalf of the service provider. Connections 2318 and 2320 between telecommunications network 2300 and host computer 2316 may extend directly from core network 2304 to host computer 2316, or may pass through an optional intermediary network 2322. Intermediary network 2322 may be one of a public, private, or managed network, or a combination of more than one of these networks; intermediary network 2322, if present, may be a backbone network or the Internet; in particular, intermediary network 2322 may include two or more subnetworks (not shown).

[0137] Figure 23 The communication system as a whole enables a connection between connected UEs 2312, 2314 and a host computer 2316. This connection can be described as an over-the-top (OTT) connection 2324. The host computer 2316 and the connected UEs 2312, 2314 are configured to communicate data and / or signaling via the OTT connection 2324, using the access network 2302, the core network 2304, any intermediate networks 2322, and possible further infrastructure (not shown) as intermediaries. The OTT connection 2324 can be transparent in the sense that the participating communication devices through which the OTT connection 2324 passes are unaware of the routing of uplink and downlink communications. For example, the base station 2306 may not be informed or need not be informed of the past routing of incoming downlink communications that forwarded (e.g., handed over) data originating from the host computer 2316 to the connected UE 2312. Similarly, the base station 2306 does not need to be aware of the future routing of outgoing uplink communications originating from the UE 2312 to the host computer 2316.

[0138] Now refer to Figure 24An example implementation of the UE, base station, and host computer discussed in the previous paragraphs is described according to one embodiment. In communication system 2400, host computer 2402 includes hardware 2404, including a communication interface 2406 configured to establish and maintain wired or wireless connections with various communication devices of communication system 2400. Host computer 2402 further includes processing circuitry 2408, which may have storage and / or processing capabilities. In particular, processing circuitry 2408 may include one or more programmable processors, ASICs, FPGAs, or a combination of these (not shown) adapted to execute instructions. Host computer 2402 further includes software 2410, which is stored in or accessible by host computer 2402 and executable by processing circuitry 2408. Software 2410 includes host application 2412. Host application 2412 may operate to provide services to a remote user, such as a UE 2414 connected via an OTT connection 2416 terminating between the UE 2414 and the host computer 2402. In providing services to the remote user, host application 2412 may provide user data transmitted using the OTT connection 2416.

[0139] The communication system 2400 further includes a base station 2418 provided in the telecommunication system, and the base station 2418 includes hardware 2420 to enable it to communicate with the host computer 2402 and the UE 2414. The hardware 2420 may include a communication interface 2422 for establishing and maintaining wired or wireless connections with different communication devices of the communication system 2400 and a communication interface 2422 for communicating with devices located in the coverage area ( Figure 24 The UE 2414 in the embodiment (not shown) establishes and maintains a radio interface 2424 for at least a wireless connection 2426. The communication interface 2422 may be configured to facilitate a connection 2428 to the host computer 2402. The connection 2428 may be direct, or it may be through a core network ( Figure 24 The base station 2418 may also include a base station 2418 configured to communicate with the user through a communication channel (not shown) and / or through one or more intermediate networks external to the telecommunications system. In the illustrated embodiment, the hardware 2420 of the base station 2418 further includes processing circuitry 2430, which may include one or more programmable processors, ASICs, FPGAs, or a combination of these (not shown) adapted to execute instructions. The base station 2418 further includes software 2432, which may be stored internally or accessible via an external connection.

[0140] Communication system 2400 further includes the aforementioned UE 2414. The hardware 2434 of UE 2414 may include a radio interface 2436 configured to establish and maintain a wireless connection 2426 with a base station serving the coverage area currently located by UE 2414. The hardware 2434 of UE 2414 further includes processing circuitry 2438, which may include one or more programmable processors, ASICs, FPGAs, or a combination of these (not shown) adapted to execute instructions. UE 2414 further includes software 2440 stored in or accessible by UE 2414 and executable by processing circuitry 2438. Software 2440 includes a client application 2442. Client application 2442 may operate to provide services to human or non-human users via UE 2414 under the support of host computer 2402. In host computer 2402, a host application 2412 executing therein can communicate with a client application 2442 executing therein via an OTT connection 2416 terminating between UE 2414 and host computer 2402. In providing a service to a user, client application 2442 can receive request data from host application 2412 and provide user data in response to the request data. OTT connection 2416 can transmit both the request data and the user data. Client application 2442 can interact with the user to generate the user data it provides.

[0141] Notice, Figure 24 The host computer 2402, base station 2418 and UE 2414 shown in FIG can be respectively Figure 23 The host computer 2316, one of the base stations 2306A, 2306B, 2306C and one of the UEs 2312, 2314 are similar or identical. That is, the internal operations of these entities may be similar to Figure 24 shown, and independently, the surrounding network topology can be Figure 23 Like that.

[0142] exist Figure 24 In FIG, an OTT connection 2416 is abstractly drawn to illustrate communication between a host computer 2402 and a UE 2414 via a base station 2418, without explicitly mentioning any intermediary devices or the exact routing of messages through these devices. The network infrastructure may determine the routing, which may be configured to be hidden from the UE 2414, the service provider operating the host computer 2402, or both. While the OTT connection 2416 is active, the network infrastructure may further make decisions (e.g., based on load balancing considerations or network reconfiguration) that dynamically change the routing.

[0143] The wireless connection 2426 between the UE 2414 and the base station 2418 is in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure. One or more of the various embodiments improve the performance of over-the-top (OTT) services provided to the UE 2414 using the OTT connection 2416, in which the wireless connection 2426 forms the final leg. More specifically, the teachings of these embodiments can improve, for example, data rates, latency, power consumption, and thereby provide benefits such as, for example, reduced user latency, relaxed file size restrictions, better responsiveness, and extended battery life.

[0144] A measurement process may be provided for the purpose of monitoring data rate, latency, and other factors that may be improved by one or more embodiments. Optional network functionality may further be provided for reconfiguring the OTT connection 2416 between the host computer 2402 and the UE 2414 in response to changes in measurement results. The measurement process and / or the network functionality for reconfiguring the OTT connection 2416 may be implemented in the software 2410 and hardware 2404 of the host computer 2402, or in the software 2440 and hardware 2434 of the UE 2414, or in both. In some embodiments, sensors (not shown) may be deployed in or associated with the communication device through which the OTT connection 2416 passes; the sensors may participate in the measurement process by supplying values for the monitored quantities exemplified above, or for other physical quantities (based on which the software 2410, 2440 may calculate or estimate the monitored quantities). Reconfiguration of OTT connection 2416 may include message formats, retransmission settings, preferred routing, and the like; the reconfiguration need not affect base station 2418 and may be unknown or imperceptible to base station 2418. Such processes and functionality are known and practiced in the art. In certain embodiments, measurements may involve proprietary UE signaling that facilitates host computer 2402 measurements of throughput, propagation time, latency, and the like. Measurements are achieved because software 2410 and 2440 causes messages (particularly empty or 'dummy' messages) to be transmitted using OTT connection 2416 while monitoring propagation time, errors, and the like.

[0145] Figure 25 is a flow chart showing a method implemented in a communication system according to one embodiment. The communication system includes a host computer, a base station and a UE, which may be a reference Figure 23 and Figure 24 For the sake of brevity of this disclosure, only the Figure 25Reference is made to the accompanying drawings. In step 2500, a host computer provides user data. In sub-step 2502 of step 2500 (which may be optional), the host computer provides the user data by executing a host application. In step 2504, the host computer initiates a transmission carrying the user data to the UE. In step 2506 (which may be optional), in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure, the base station transmits the user data carried in the transmission initiated by the host computer to the UE. In step 2508 (which may also be optional), the UE executes a client application associated with the host application executed by the host computer.

[0146] Figure 26 is a flow chart showing a method implemented in a communication system according to one embodiment. The communication system includes a host computer, a base station and a UE, which may be a reference Figure 23 and Figure 24 For the sake of brevity of this disclosure, only the Figure 26 Reference is made to the accompanying drawings. In step 2600 of the method, a host computer provides user data. In an optional sub-step (not shown), the host computer provides the user data by executing a host application. In step 2602, the host computer initiates a transmission carrying the user data to a UE. According to the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure, the transmission may pass through a base station. In step 2604 (which may be optional), the UE receives the user data carried in the transmission.

[0147] Figure 27 is a flow chart showing a method implemented in a communication system according to one embodiment. The communication system includes a host computer, a base station and a UE, which may be a reference Figure 23 and Figure 24 For the sake of brevity of this disclosure, only the Figure 27 Reference is made to the accompanying drawings. In step 2700 (which may be optional), the UE receives input data provided by the host computer. Additionally or alternatively, in step 2702, the UE provides user data. In sub-step 2704 (which may be optional) of step 2700, the UE provides the user data by executing a client application. In sub-step 2706 (which may be optional) of step 2702, the UE responds to the input data received from the host computer by executing the client application that provides the user data. In providing the user data, the executed client application may further consider user input received from the user. Regardless of the specific method used to provide the user data, in sub-step 2708 (which may be optional), the UE initiates transmission of the user data to the host computer. In step 2710 of the method, the host computer receives the user data transmitted from the UE in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure.

[0148] Figure 28 is a flow chart showing a method implemented in a communication system according to one embodiment. The communication system includes a host computer, a base station and a UE, which may be a reference Figure 23 and Figure 24 For the sake of brevity of this disclosure, only the Figure 28 Reference is made to the accompanying drawings. In step 2800 (which may be optional), in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure, the base station receives user data from the UE. In step 2802 (which may be optional), the base station initiates a transmission of the received user data to a host computer. In step 2804 (which may be optional), the host computer receives the user data carried in the transmission initiated by the base station.

[0149] Any suitable steps, methods, features, functions, or benefits disclosed herein may be performed by one or more functional units or modules of one or more virtual devices. Each virtual device may include multiple of these functional units. These functional units may be implemented via processing circuitry (which may include one or more microprocessors or microcontrollers) and other digital hardware (which may include digital signal processors (DSPs), dedicated digital logic, etc.). The processing circuitry may be configured to execute program code stored in a memory, which may include one or more types of memory, such as read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), cache memory, flash memory devices, optical storage devices, etc. The program code stored in the memory includes program instructions for executing one or more telecommunications and / or data communication protocols and instructions for implementing one or more of the techniques described herein. In some implementations, the processing circuitry may be used to cause the corresponding functional units to perform corresponding functions according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0150] Although the processes in the accompanying figures may show a particular order of operations performed by certain embodiments of the present disclosure, it should be understood that such order is exemplary (e.g., alternative embodiments may perform operations in a different order, combine certain operations, overlap certain operations, etc.). Example

[0151] Group A Examples

[0152] Embodiment 1: A method performed by a wireless device for determining a transmission configuration indication TCI state for a plurality of transmission opportunities, the method comprising one or more steps of: receiving (900) a configuration, wherein the configuration comprises one or more of: a list of TCI states; a TCI activation command for activating a subset of TCI states and mapping each code point in a plurality of code points to one or more TCI states in the activated TCI states; and a time threshold; receiving (902) a scheduling message in a time slot that schedules the plurality of transmission opportunities; determining (904) a plurality of time offsets between receiving the scheduling message and each transmission opportunity in the plurality of transmission opportunities; determining (906) a TCI state for each transmission opportunity in the plurality of transmission opportunities if at least one of the plurality of time offsets is less than the time threshold; and receiving (908) the plurality of transmission opportunities with the determined TCI state.

[0153] Embodiment 2: The method of embodiment 1, wherein the scheduling message for scheduling the multiple transmission opportunities includes downlink control information DCI for scheduling the multiple transmission opportunities.

[0154] Embodiment 3: The method of any one of embodiments 1 to 2, wherein the multiple transmission opportunities include multiple physical downlink shared channel PDSCH transmission opportunities.

[0155] Embodiment 4: The method of any of the previous embodiments, further comprising: determining a first time offset and a second time offset, wherein the first time offset is less than a time threshold and the second time offset is equal to or greater than the time threshold.

[0156] Embodiment 5: The method of any one of the previous embodiments, further comprising: determining one or two default TCI states based on a codepoint to TCI state(s) mapping in an activation command.

[0157] Embodiment 6: The method of any one of the previous embodiments, wherein the DCI indicates one or more TCI states for a PDSCH transmission opportunity.

[0158] Embodiment 7: The method of any of the previous embodiments, wherein one or more default TCI states are applied to PDSCH opportunities associated with a first time offset, and one or more indicated TCI states are applied to PDSCH opportunities associated with a second time offset.

[0159] Embodiment 8: The method of any of the previous embodiments, wherein, if two default TCI states, namely the first and second default TCI states, are determined, the first default TCI state and the second TCI state are alternately applied to the PDSCH opportunity associated with the first time offset for each or two PDSCH opportunities.

[0160] Embodiment 9: The method of any of the previous embodiments, wherein, if two TCI states are indicated in the DCI, namely a first and a second indicated TCI state, then starting from the first indicated TCI state, the first indicated TCI state and the second indicated TCI state are alternately applied to the PDSCH opportunity associated with the second time offset for each or two PDSCH opportunities.

[0161] Embodiment 10: The method of any of the previous embodiments, wherein, if two TCI states are indicated in the DCI, namely a first and a second indicated TCI state, the first indicated TCI state and the second indicated TCI state are applied to the PDSCH timing associated with the second time offset in the same order as if the first time offset did not exist.

[0162] Embodiment 11: The method of any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein if the first time offset exists, one or more default TCI states are applied to all PDSCH opportunities.

[0163] Embodiment 12: The method of any of the previous embodiments, wherein if two default TCI states, namely a first and a second default TCI state, are determined, the first default TCI state and the second TCI state are alternately applied to the PDSCH opportunity for every one or two PDSCH opportunities.

[0164] Embodiment 13: The method of any of the previous embodiments, further comprising: providing user data; and forwarding the user data to the host computer via transmission to the base station.

[0165] Group B Examples

[0166] Embodiment 14: A method performed by a base station for determining a transmission configuration indication TCI state for a plurality of transmission opportunities, the method comprising: transmitting (1000) a configuration to a wireless device, wherein the configuration comprises one or more of: a list of TCI states; a TCI activation command for activating a subset of TCI states and mapping each code point in a plurality of code points to one or more TCI states in the activated TCI states; and a time threshold; transmitting (1002) a scheduling message to the wireless device in a time slot that schedules the plurality of transmission opportunities; determining (1004) a plurality of time offsets between receiving the scheduling message and each transmission opportunity in the plurality of transmission opportunities; determining (1006) a TCI state for each transmission opportunity in the plurality of transmission opportunities if at least one time offset in the plurality of time offsets is less than the time threshold; and transmitting (1008) the plurality of transmission opportunities with the determined TCI state to the wireless device.

[0167] Embodiment 15: The method of embodiment 14, wherein the scheduling message for scheduling the plurality of transmission opportunities includes downlink control information (DCI) for scheduling the plurality of transmission opportunities.

[0168] Embodiment 16: The method of any one of embodiments 14 to 15, wherein the multiple transmission opportunities include multiple physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) transmission opportunities.

[0169] Embodiment 17: The method of any of the previous embodiments, further comprising: determining a first time offset and a second time offset, wherein the first time offset is less than a time threshold and the second time offset is equal to or greater than the time threshold.

[0170] Embodiment 18: The method of any of the previous embodiments, further comprising: determining one or two default TCI states based on a codepoint to TCI state(s) mapping in an activation command.

[0171] Embodiment 19: The method of any of the previous embodiments, wherein the DCI indicates one or more TCI states for a PDSCH transmission opportunity.

[0172] Embodiment 20: The method of any of the previous embodiments, wherein one or more default TCI states are applied to PDSCH opportunities associated with a first time offset, and one or more indicated TCI states are applied to PDSCH opportunities associated with a second time offset.

[0173] Embodiment 21: The method of any of the previous embodiments, wherein, if two default TCI states, namely the first and second default TCI states, are determined, the first default TCI state and the second TCI state are alternately applied to the PDSCH opportunity associated with the first time offset for each or two PDSCH opportunities.

[0174] Embodiment 22: The method of any of the previous embodiments, wherein, if two TCI states are indicated in the DCI, namely a first and a second indicated TCI state, then starting from the first indicated TCI state, the first indicated TCI state and the second indicated TCI state are alternately applied to the PDSCH opportunity associated with the second time offset for each or two PDSCH opportunities.

[0175] Embodiment 23: The method of any of the previous embodiments, wherein, if two TCI states are indicated in the DCI, namely a first and a second indicated TCI state, the first indicated TCI state and the second indicated TCI state are applied to the PDSCH timing associated with the second time offset in the same order as if the first time offset did not exist.

[0176] Embodiment 24: The method of any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein if the first time offset exists, one or more default TCI states are applied to all PDSCH opportunities.

[0177] Embodiment 25: The method of any of the previous embodiments, wherein if two default TCI states, namely a first and a second default TCI state, are determined, the first default TCI state and the second TCI state are alternately applied to the PDSCH opportunity for each or two PDSCH opportunities.

[0178] Embodiment 26: The method of any of the previous embodiments, further comprising: obtaining user data; and forwarding the user data to a host computer or wireless device.

[0179] Group C Examples

[0180] Embodiment 27: A wireless device for determining a transmission configuration indication (TCI) state for multiple transmission opportunities, the wireless device comprising: a processing circuit configured to perform any steps of any embodiment in Group A; and a power supply circuit configured to supply power to the wireless device.

[0181] Embodiment 28: A base station for determining a transmission configuration indication TCI state for multiple transmission opportunities, the base station comprising: a processing circuit configured to perform any steps of any embodiment in Group B; and a power supply circuit configured to supply power to the base station.

[0182] Embodiment 29: A user equipment UE for determining a transmission configuration indication TCI state for multiple transmission opportunities, the UE comprising: an antenna configured to send and receive wireless signals; a radio front-end circuit connected to the antenna and a processing circuit, and configured to adjust the signal transmitted between the antenna and the processing circuit; a processing circuit configured to perform any steps of any embodiment in Group A; an input interface connected to the processing circuit, and configured to allow information to be input into the UE for processing by the processing circuit; an output interface connected to the processing circuit, and configured to output information processed by the processing circuit from the UE; and a battery connected to the processing circuit and configured to supply power to the UE.

[0183] Embodiment 30: A communication system comprising a host computer, the host computer comprising: a processing circuit configured to provide user data; and a communication interface configured to forward the user data to a cellular network for transmission to a user equipment UE; wherein the cellular network comprises a base station having a radio interface and a processing circuit, the processing circuit of the base station being configured to perform any steps of any of the embodiments in Group B.

[0184] Example 31: The communication system of the previous embodiment further includes a base station.

[0185] Embodiment 32: The communication system of the first two embodiments further includes a UE, wherein the UE is configured to communicate with the base station.

[0186] Embodiment 33: The communication system of the preceding three embodiments, wherein: the processing circuit of the host computer is configured to execute a host application, thereby providing user data; and the UE includes a processing circuit configured to execute a client application associated with the host application.

[0187] Embodiment 34: A method implemented in a communication system including a host computer, a base station and a user equipment UE, the method comprising: providing user data at the host computer; and initiating, at the host computer, a transmission carrying the user data to the UE via a cellular network including the base station, wherein the base station performs any steps of any embodiment in Group B.

[0188] Embodiment 35: The method of the previous embodiment further includes: transmitting user data at the base station.

[0189] Embodiment 36: The method of the preceding two embodiments, wherein the user data is provided by executing a host application at a host computer, the method further comprising executing a client application associated with the host application at a UE.

[0190] Embodiment 37: A user equipment (UE) configured to communicate with a base station, the UE comprising a radio interface and a processing circuit configured to perform the methods of the first three embodiments.

[0191] Embodiment 38: A communication system comprising a host computer, the host computer comprising: a processing circuit configured to provide user data; and a communication interface configured to forward the user data to a cellular network for transmission to a user equipment UE; wherein the UE comprises a radio interface and a processing circuit, and the components of the UE are configured to perform any steps of any embodiment in Group A.

[0192] Embodiment 39: The communication system of the previous embodiment, wherein the cellular network further includes a base station configured to communicate with the UE.

[0193] Embodiment 40: The communication system of the preceding two embodiments, wherein: the processing circuit of the host computer is configured to execute a host application to provide user data; and the processing circuit of the UE is configured to execute a client application associated with the host application.

[0194] Embodiment 41: A method implemented in a communication system including a host computer, a base station and a user equipment UE, the method comprising: providing user data at the host computer; and initiating, at the host computer, a transmission carrying the user data to the UE via a cellular network including the base station, wherein the UE performs any steps of any embodiment in Group A.

[0195] Embodiment 42: The method of the previous embodiment further includes: receiving user data from the base station at the UE.

[0196] Embodiment 43: A communication system comprising a host computer, the host computer comprising: a communication interface configured to receive user data originating from a transmission from a user equipment UE to a base station; wherein the UE comprises a radio interface and a processing circuit, the processing circuit of the UE being configured to perform any steps of any embodiment in Group A.

[0197] Example 44: The communication system of the previous embodiment further includes a UE.

[0198] Embodiment 45: The communication system of the previous two embodiments further includes a base station, wherein the base station includes a radio interface configured to communicate with the UE and a communication interface configured to forward user data carried by the transmission from the UE to the base station to the host computer.

[0199] Embodiment 46: The communication system of the preceding three embodiments, wherein: the processing circuit of the host computer is configured to execute a host application; and the processing circuit of the UE is configured to execute a client application associated with the host application, thereby providing user data.

[0200] Embodiment 47: The communication system of the first four embodiments, wherein: the processing circuit of the host computer is configured to execute a host application to provide requested data; and the processing circuit of the UE is configured to execute a client application associated with the host application to provide user data in response to the requested data.

[0201] Embodiment 48: A method implemented in a communication system including a host computer, a base station and a user equipment UE, the method comprising: at the host computer, receiving user data transmitted from the UE to the base station, wherein the UE performs any steps of any embodiment in Group A.

[0202] Embodiment 49: The method of the previous embodiment further includes: at the UE, providing user data to the base station.

[0203] Embodiment 50: The method of the previous two embodiments further includes: executing a client application at the UE to provide user data to be transmitted; and executing a host application associated with the client application at the host computer.

[0204] Embodiment 51: The method of the first three embodiments further includes: executing a client application at the UE; and receiving input data of the client application at the UE, which input data is provided at the host computer by executing a host application associated with the client application; wherein, user data to be transmitted is provided by the client application in response to the input data.

[0205] Embodiment 52: A communication system comprising a host computer, the host computer comprising a communication interface configured to receive user data originating from a transmission from a user equipment UE to a base station, wherein the base station comprises a radio interface and a processing circuit, the processing circuit of the base station being configured to perform any steps of any embodiment in Group B.

[0206] Example 53: The communication system of the previous embodiment further includes a base station.

[0207] Embodiment 54: The communication system of the previous two embodiments further includes a UE, wherein the UE is configured to communicate with the base station.

[0208] Embodiment 55: The communication system of the preceding three embodiments, wherein: the processing circuit of the host computer is configured to execute a host application; and the UE is configured to execute a client application associated with the host application, thereby providing user data for receipt by the host computer.

[0209] Embodiment 56: A method implemented in a communication system including a host computer, a base station and a user equipment UE, the method comprising: at the host computer, receiving from the base station user data originating from a transmission received by the base station from the UE, wherein the UE performs any steps of any embodiment in Group A.

[0210] Embodiment 57: The method of the previous embodiment further includes: receiving user data from the UE at the base station.

[0211] Embodiment 58: The method of the previous two embodiments further comprises: at the base station, initiating transmission of the received user data to the host computer.

[0212] At least some of the following abbreviations may be used in this disclosure. If there is a discrepancy between abbreviations, then how it was used above should take precedence. If listed multiple times below, then the first listing should take precedence over any subsequent listing(s).

[0213] • 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project

[0214] • 5G fifth generation

[0215] • 5GC Fifth Generation Core

[0216] • 5GS Fifth Generation System

[0217] • AF application function

[0218] • AMF Access and Mobility Function

[0219] • AN Access Network

[0220] • AP Access Point

[0221] • ASIC Application-Specific Integrated Circuit

[0222] • AUSF authentication server function

[0223] • CPU Central Processing Unit

[0224] • DN Data Network

[0225] • DSP Digital Signal Processor

[0226] • eNB Enhanced or Evolved Node B

[0227] • EPS Evolved Packet System

[0228] • E-UTRA Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access

[0229] • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array

[0230] • gNB new air interface base station

[0231] • gNB-DU New Radio Base Station Distributed Unit

[0232] • HSS Home Subscriber Server

[0233] • IoT

[0234] • IP Internet Protocol

[0235] • LTE Long Term Evolution

[0236] • MME Mobility Management Entity

[0237] • MTC Machine Type Communication

[0238] • NEF Network Exposure Function

[0239] • NF Network Function

[0240] • NR New Radio

[0241] • NRF Network Function Repository functionality

[0242] • NSSF network slice selection function

[0243] • OTT Over-the-Top

[0244] • PC

[0245] • PCF Policy Control Function

[0246] • P-GW Packet Data Network Gateway

[0247] • QoS Quality of Service

[0248] • RAM Random Access Memory

[0249] • RAN Radio Access Network

[0250] • ROM Read Only Memory

[0251] • RRH Remote Radio Head

[0252] • RTT Round Trip Time

[0253] • SCEF service capability exposure function

[0254] • SMF session management capabilities

[0255] • UDM Unified Data Management

[0256] • UE User Equipment

[0257] • UPF User Plane Function

[0258] Those skilled in the art will recognize improvements and modifications to the embodiments of the present disclosure, and all such improvements and modifications are considered to be within the scope of the concepts disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method, performed by a wireless device, for determining a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state for a plurality of transmission opportunities, the method comprising: receiving a configuration, wherein the configuration includes: (a) a list of TCI states; (b) a TCI activation command for activating a subset of the TCI states and mapping each of a plurality of codepoints of a TCI field in downlink control information (DCI) to one or more of the activated TCI states, wherein at least one codepoint is mapped to two different TCI states; (c) a downlink transmission scheme; (d) a TCI to transmission opportunity mapping type; and (e) a time threshold; receiving a scheduling message scheduling the plurality of transmission opportunities in a time slot; determining one or more time offsets between receiving the scheduling message and the plurality of transmission opportunities; determining a TCI state for each of the plurality of transmission opportunities if at least one of the one or more time offsets is less than the time threshold; and The plurality of transmission opportunities having the determined TCI status are received.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The scheduling message scheduling the plurality of transmission opportunities includes downlink control information DCI scheduling the plurality of transmission opportunities.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The DCI includes a TCI field for indicating one or more TCI states for the plurality of transmission opportunities.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The plurality of transmission opportunities include a plurality of physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) transmission opportunities.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: The multiple PDSCH transmission opportunities are PDSCH repetitions at multiple time opportunities according to the configured downlink transmission scheme.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The downlink transmission scheme can be one of intra-slot PDSCH repetition and inter-slot PDSCH repetition.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: Determining the one or more time offsets between receiving the scheduling message and the multiple transmission opportunities includes: determining a first time offset as the time offset between the reception of the scheduling message and the first transmission opportunity, and determining a second time offset as the time offset between the reception of the scheduling message and the second transmission opportunity.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein: The first transmission opportunity occurs earliest in time among the plurality of transmission opportunities, and the second transmission opportunity is the earliest transmission opportunity having a time offset after the first transmission opportunity that is equal to or greater than the time threshold.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: First and second default TCI states are determined based on the codepoint-to-TCI state mapping in the activate command.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein: The first and second default TCI states are first and second activated TCI states associated with the codepoints providing the lowest values in the TCI activation command.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein: The first and the second default TCI states are applied to PDSCH transmission opportunities according to the TCI to transmission opportunity mapping type.

12. The method of claim 9, wherein: If two default TCI states, i.e., the first and the second default TCI states, are determined, starting from the first default TCI state and the first PDSCH transmission opportunity, the first default TCI state and the second default TCI state are alternately applied to the PDSCH transmission opportunity for each or two PDSCH transmission opportunities, wherein the PDSCH transmission opportunities are arranged in ascending order of time starting from the first PDSCH transmission opportunity.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein: Starting from the first default TCI state and the first PDSCH transmission opportunity, if the TCI to transmission opportunity mapping type is cyclic mapping, the first and second default TCI states are alternately applied to the PDSCH transmission opportunity for each PDSCH transmission opportunity, or if the TCI to transmission opportunity mapping type is sequential mapping, the first and second default TCI states are alternately applied to the PDSCH transmission opportunity for every two PDSCH transmission opportunities.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein: If two TCI states, i.e., a first and a second indicated TCI state, are indicated in the downlink control information DCI, starting from the first indicated TCI state and the second PDSCH transmission opportunity, the first indicated TCI state and the second indicated TCI state are alternately applied to the PDSCH transmission opportunity for each or two PDSCH transmission opportunities.

15. The method of claim 12, wherein: If two TCI states, i.e., a first and a second indicated TCI state, are indicated in the downlink control information DCI, starting from the second PDSCH transmission timing, the first indicated TCI state and the second indicated TCI state are applied to the PDSCH transmission timing in the same order as if the first time offset between the reception of the scheduling message and the first PDSCH transmission timing is equal to or greater than the time threshold.

16. The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: The default TCI state is determined to be the TCI state of a CORESET having a lowest index among the one or more control resource sets CORESETs in a latest time slot in which the wireless device monitors the PDCCH.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: If a default TCI state is determined, the default TCI state is applied to all PDSCH transmission opportunities.

18. The method of claim 12, wherein: A first time offset between the reception of the scheduling message and the first PDSCH transmission opportunity is less than the time threshold.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein: The first default TCI state is applied to the first PDSCH transmission opportunity, and the second default TCI state is applied to the second PDSCH transmission opportunity.

20. A method, performed by a base station, for determining a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state for a plurality of transmission opportunities, the method comprising: Transmitting a configuration to a wireless device, wherein the configuration includes: (a) a list of TCI states; (b) a TCI activation command for activating a subset of the TCI states and mapping each of a plurality of codepoints of a TCI field in downlink control information (DCI) to one or more of the activated TCI states, wherein at least one codepoint is mapped to two TCI states; (c) a TCI to transmission opportunity mapping type; (d) a downlink transmission scheme; and (e) a time threshold. transmitting a scheduling message to the wireless device in a time slot that schedules the plurality of transmission opportunities; determining one or more time offsets between transmitting the scheduling message and the plurality of transmission opportunities; determining a TCI state for each of the plurality of transmission opportunities if at least one of the one or more time offsets is less than the time threshold; and The plurality of transmission opportunities with the determined TCI states are transmitted to the wireless device.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein: The scheduling message scheduling the plurality of transmission opportunities includes downlink control information DCI scheduling the plurality of transmission opportunities.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein: The DCI includes a TCI field for indicating one or more TCI states for the plurality of transmission opportunities.

23. The method of any one of claims 20 to 22, wherein: The plurality of transmission opportunities include a plurality of physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) transmission opportunities.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein: The multiple PDSCH transmission opportunities are PDSCH repetitions at multiple time opportunities.

25. The method of any one of claims 20 to 22, wherein: Determining the one or more time offsets between receiving the scheduling message and the multiple transmission opportunities includes: determining a first time offset as the time offset between the transmission of the scheduling message and the first transmission opportunity, and determining a second time offset as the time offset between the transmission of the scheduling message and the second transmission opportunity.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein: The first transmission opportunity occurs earliest in time among the plurality of transmission opportunities, and the second transmission opportunity is the earliest transmission opportunity having a time offset after the first transmission opportunity that is equal to or greater than the time threshold.

27. The method of any one of claims 20 to 22, further comprising: First and second default TCI states are determined based on the codepoint-to-TCI state mapping in the activate command.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein: The first and second default TCI states are first and second activated TCI states associated with the codepoints providing the lowest values in the TCI activation command.

29. The method of claim 27, wherein: The first and second default TCI states are applied to PDSCH transmission opportunities according to the TCI to transmission opportunity mapping type.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein: If two default TCI states, namely the first and second default TCI states, are determined, starting from the first default TCI state and the first PDSCH transmission opportunity, the first default TCI state and the second default TCI state are alternately applied to the PDSCH transmission opportunity for each or two PDSCH transmission opportunities, wherein the PDSCH transmission opportunities are arranged in ascending order of time starting from the first PDSCH transmission opportunity.

31. The method of claim 30, wherein: Starting from the first default TCI state to the first PDSCH transmission opportunity, if the TCI to transmission opportunity mapping type is cyclic mapping, the first and second default TCI states are alternately applied to the PDSCH transmission opportunity for each PDSCH transmission opportunity, or if the TCI to transmission opportunity mapping type is sequential mapping, the first and second default TCI states are alternately applied to the PDSCH transmission opportunity for every two PDSCH transmission opportunities.

32. The method of claim 30, wherein: If two TCI states, i.e., the first and second indicated TCI states, are indicated in the DCI, starting from the first indicated TCI state and the second PDSCH transmission opportunity, the first indicated TCI state and the second indicated TCI state are alternately applied to the PDSCH transmission opportunity for each or two PDSCH transmission opportunities.

33. The method of claim 30, wherein: If two TCI states, i.e., a first and a second indicated TCI state, are indicated in the DCI, starting from the second PDSCH transmission timing, the first indicated TCI state and the second indicated TCI state are applied to the PDSCH transmission timing in the same order as if the first time offset between the reception of the scheduling message and the first PDSCH transmission timing is equal to or greater than the time threshold.

34. The method of any one of claims 20 to 22, further comprising: The default TCI state is determined to be the TCI state of the control resource set CORESET having the lowest index in the latest time slot in which the wireless device monitors the PDCCH.

35. The method of any one of claims 20 to 22, wherein: If a default TCI state is determined, the default TCI state is applied to all PDSCH transmission opportunities.

36. The method of claim 30, wherein: A first time offset between the reception of the scheduling message and the first PDSCH transmission opportunity is less than the time threshold.

37. The method of claim 36, wherein: The first default TCI state is applied to the first PDSCH transmission opportunity, and the second default TCI state is applied to the second PDSCH transmission opportunity.

38. A wireless device (2100) for determining a transmission configuration indication (TCI) state for a plurality of transmission opportunities, adapted to perform: receiving a configuration, wherein: The configuration includes: (a) a list of TCI states; (b) a TCI activation command for activating a subset of the TCI states and mapping each of a plurality of codepoints of a TCI field in downlink control information (DCI) to one or more TCI states of the activated TCI states, wherein at least one codepoint is mapped to two TCI states; (c) a TCI to transmission opportunity mapping type; and (d) a time threshold. receiving a scheduling message scheduling the plurality of transmission opportunities in a time slot; determining one or more time offsets between receiving the scheduling message and the plurality of transmission opportunities; determining a TCI state for each of the plurality of transmission opportunities if at least one of the one or more time offsets is less than the time threshold; and The plurality of transmission opportunities having the determined TCI status are received.

39. The wireless device (2100) of claim 38, wherein: The wireless device (2100) is further adapted to perform the method of any one of claims 2 to 19.

40. A wireless device (2100) for determining a transmission configuration indication (TCI) state for a plurality of transmission opportunities, comprising: one or more transmitters (2108); one or more receivers (2110); as well as Processing circuitry associated with the one or more transmitters (2108) and the one or more receivers (2110), the processing circuitry configured to cause the wireless device (2100): receiving a configuration, wherein the configuration includes: (a) a list of TCI states; (b) a TCI activation command for activating a subset of the TCI states and mapping each of a plurality of codepoints of a TCI field in downlink control information (DCI) to one or more of the activated TCI states, wherein at least one codepoint is mapped to two TCI states; (c) a TCI to transmission opportunity mapping type; and (d) a time threshold; receiving a scheduling message scheduling the plurality of transmission opportunities in a time slot; determining one or more time offsets between receiving the scheduling message and the plurality of transmission opportunities; determining a TCI state for each of the plurality of transmission opportunities if at least one of the one or more time offsets is less than the time threshold; and The plurality of transmission opportunities having the determined TCI status are received.

41. The wireless device (2100) of claim 40, wherein: The processing circuit is further configured to cause the wireless device (2100) to perform the method of any one of claims 2 to 19.

42. A base station (1800) for determining a transmission configuration indication (TCI) state for a plurality of transmission opportunities, adapted to perform: transmitting a configuration to a wireless device, wherein the configuration comprises: (a) List of TCI statuses; (b) a TCI activation command for activating a subset of the TCI states and mapping each of a plurality of codepoints of a TCI field in downlink control information (DCI) to one or more TCI states of the activated TCI states, wherein at least one codepoint is mapped to two TCI states; (c) a TCI to transmission opportunity mapping type; and (d) time threshold; transmitting a scheduling message to the wireless device in a time slot that schedules the plurality of transmission opportunities; determining one or more time offsets between transmitting the scheduling message and the plurality of transmission opportunities; determining a TCI state for each of the plurality of transmission opportunities if at least one of the one or more time offsets is less than the time threshold; as well as The plurality of transmission opportunities with the determined TCI states are transmitted to the wireless device.

43. The base station (1800) of claim 42, wherein: The base station (1800) is further adapted to perform the method of any one of claims 21 to 37.

44. A base station (1800) for determining a transmission configuration indication (TCI) state for a plurality of transmission opportunities, comprising: one or more transmitters (1812); one or more receivers (1814); as well as Processing circuitry associated with the one or more transmitters (1812) and the one or more receivers (1814), the processing circuitry configured to cause the base station (1800) to: Transmitting a configuration to a wireless device, wherein the configuration includes: (a) a list of TCI states; (b) a TCI activation command for activating a subset of the TCI states and mapping each of a plurality of codepoints of a TCI field in downlink control information (DCI) to one or more of the activated TCI states, wherein at least one codepoint is mapped to two TCI states; (c) a TCI to transmission opportunity mapping type; and (d) a time threshold. transmitting a scheduling message to the wireless device in a time slot that schedules the plurality of transmission opportunities; determining one or more time offsets between transmitting the scheduling message and the plurality of transmission opportunities; determining a TCI state for each of the plurality of transmission opportunities if at least one of the one or more time offsets is less than the time threshold; and The plurality of transmission opportunities with the determined TCI states are transmitted to the wireless device.

45. The base station (1800) of claim 44, wherein: The processing circuit is further configured to cause the base station (1800) to perform the method of any one of claims 21 to 37.

46. A computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 19.

47. A computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 21 to 37.

48. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 19.

49. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 21 to 37.

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