An automatic welding pressing device and method for large-diameter opening welds of a head

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatic welding pressing device and method for large-diameter opening welds of a head. The device includes: a fixed beam, a lifting and pressing mechanism, and an independent rotating shaft; the fixed beam is installed on the suspended welding system platform through bolts; wherein, the fixed beam is independent of the rotating membrane tire arranged on the suspended welding system platform, and the rotating membrane tire is used for fixing the workpiece to be welded; the lifting and pressing mechanism is installed on the fixed beam through the independent rotating shaft. Through the present invention, automatic TIG suspended welding of large-diameter opening welds of a pressure vessel head and the bottom of a carrier rocket storage tank is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of head welding, and particularly relates to an automatic welding pressing device and method for large-diameter opening welds of a head. Background Art

[0002] The structure of a launch vehicle storage tank mainly consists of a tank bottom, a cylinder section, and a short shell. Among them, the tank bottom is mainly welded by gore segments, a top cover, a fork ring, and a flange. A pressure vessel contains a similar structural member - a head. The head and the tank bottom, as the main load-bearing structures of the pressure vessel and the storage tank, are distributed with various large-diameter functional holes, such as a top cover, a manhole, etc. The opening diameter of some top covers reaches Ф1800mm, and the diameter of the manhole is even greater than Ф600mm.

[0003] Currently, in the manufacturing of pressure vessels and launch vehicle tank bottoms, the welding of large-diameter opening welds mainly adopts manual welding and automatic welding processes with backing plates. However, manual welding is greatly affected by human factors, and the presence of welding backing plates causes serious heat loss during the welding process. Therefore, a larger welding current needs to be provided during the welding process to achieve the formation of welds. As the welding current increases, the welding heat input increases, and the probability of deformation near the weld and the generation of welding defects also increases.

[0004] In order to reduce welding deformation, reduce welding defects, and improve welding quality, for the large-diameter opening welds of pressure vessel heads and launch vehicle tank bottoms, the welding process can adopt automatic TIG suspension welding. Since there is no backing plate support on the back during suspension welding, this welding process has more stringent requirements for the assembly accuracy of the weld, the stability of the tooling equipment, and the automation level. Designing and developing an automatic device that can meet the large-diameter opening welds will further promote the welding quality of pressure vessel heads and launch vehicle storage tank bottoms towards defect-free and low-deformation development. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the invention: Overcoming the deficiencies of the prior art, providing an automatic welding pressing device and method for large-diameter opening welds of a head, aiming to realize automatic TIG suspension welding of large-diameter opening welds of pressure vessel heads and launch vehicle storage tank bottoms.

[0006] To solve the above technical problem, the invention discloses an automatic welding pressing device for large-diameter opening welds of a head, including: a fixed beam, a lifting and pressing mechanism, and an independent rotating shaft;

[0007] The fixed beam is installed on the suspension welding system platform through bolts; wherein, the fixed beam is independent of the rotating membrane tire arranged on the suspension welding system platform, and the rotating membrane tire is used to fix the workpiece to be welded;

[0008] The lifting and pressing mechanism is installed on the fixed beam through the independent rotating shaft.

[0009] In the automatic welding pressing device for large-diameter opening welds of the above-mentioned head, the fixed beam includes: several columns and a cross beam;

[0010] The columns are vertically installed on the suspended welding system platform through bolts and are located outside the rotating membrane tire;

[0011] The cross beam is horizontally installed and welded and fixed to each column.

[0012] In the automatic welding pressing device for large-diameter opening welds of the above-mentioned head, during welding, the workpiece to be welded can rotate with the rotation of the rotating membrane tire, and the fixed beam remains stationary, ensuring the stable pressing of the workpiece to be welded by the pressing device during the welding process, and at the same time, there is no interference between the rotating membrane tire and the fixed beam when it rotates.

[0013] In the automatic welding pressing device for large-diameter opening welds of the above-mentioned head, the number of columns is not less than 2, and each column is a hollow structure; the cross beam adopts a lightweight structure design.

[0014] In the automatic welding pressing device for large-diameter opening welds of the above-mentioned head, it further includes: a gas supply pipeline; wherein, the gas supply pipeline is located inside the hollow structure of the fixed beam; one end of the gas supply pipeline is led out from the gas path interface and connected to an external gas source device; the other end of the gas supply pipeline is connected to the lifting pressing mechanism; the gas path interface is arranged on any one of the columns.

[0015] In the automatic welding pressing device for large-diameter opening welds of the above-mentioned head, the lifting pressing mechanism includes: a cylinder, a linear guide rail, a piano key mechanism and a pressing disc;

[0016] The linear guide rail is fixed on the cross beam;

[0017] The pressing disc is connected to the linear guide rail through an independent rotating shaft; wherein, the pressing disc can move up and down under the action of the linear guide rail, and the pressing disc can rotate 360° under the constraint of the independent rotating shaft;

[0018] The bottom of the pressing disc is provided with a piano key mechanism;

[0019] The inlet of the cylinder is connected to the other end of the gas supply pipeline, and the outlet of the cylinder is respectively connected to the linear guide rail and the piano key mechanism.

[0020] In the automatic welding pressing device for large-diameter opening welds of the above-mentioned head, the cylinder provides air source power for the linear guide rail, and by driving the linear guide rail, the control of the downward pressing stroke of the pressing disc is realized to meet the assembly welding of workpieces to be welded with different heights.

[0021] In the automatic welding pressing device for large-diameter opening welds of the above-mentioned head, the diameter of the cylinder is 100 mm, and the stroke is 300 - 500 mm.

[0022] In the automatic welding pressing device for large-diameter opening welds of the above-mentioned head, the key mechanism includes: a pressing plate and a number of independent keys arranged on the pressing plate; wherein, the air cylinders supply air to each key independently to achieve independent pressing control of each key, and further achieve sequential pressing of the workpiece to be welded.

[0023] Correspondingly, the present invention also discloses a pressing method for an automatic welding pressing device for large-diameter opening welds of a head, including:

[0024] Lift and install the workpiece to be welded onto the suspended welding system platform;

[0025] Lift and install the pressing device onto the suspended welding system platform, make the lifting and pressing mechanism fit vertically with the weld, and connect the air circuit;

[0026] Level the workpiece to be welded;

[0027] Inflate with low pressure, lower the lifting and pressing mechanism, and pre-press the workpiece to be welded;

[0028] Observe the centering of the lifting and pressing mechanism and the workpiece to be welded, and level it precisely again;

[0029] Observe the misalignment of the welding area of the workpiece to be welded, and inflate with high pressure to press the keys at the misaligned position;

[0030] After the misaligned position is flattened, inflate with high pressure to press the keys as a whole;

[0031] Tilt the welding system by a certain angle to ensure that the welding area and the welding molten pool are in a horizontal state;

[0032] Move the welding torch to the welding area, start the rotating membrane tire, and drive by the core shaft of the rotating membrane tire, the pressing disc and the workpiece to be welded rotate synchronously with the rotating membrane tire to complete the welding operation.

[0033] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0034] (1) The present invention also discloses an automatic welding pressing device for large-diameter opening welds of a head, which can achieve the welding effect that the position of the welding torch remains unchanged during welding, and the workpiece to be welded and the rotating membrane tire rotate synchronously. During the welding process, the fixed beam will not interfere with the rotating membrane tire. At the same time, the lifting and pressing mechanism can provide a stable pressing force, and there will be no phenomenon that the lifting and pressing mechanism shifts due to the rotation of the rotating membrane tire.

[0035] (2) The present invention also discloses an automatic welding pressing device for large-diameter opening welds of a head. The independent keys can achieve sequential pressing of the welding area, which can well eliminate the influence of the gap caused by local misalignment of the weld, improve the assembly quality, and improve the assembly efficiency.

[0036] (3) The present invention also discloses an automatic welding pressing device for the large-diameter opening weld of a head. The pressing disc can move up and down under the action of a linear guide rail, which can meet the welding and assembly requirements of workpieces with different heights and has good compatibility.

[0037] (4) The present invention also discloses an automatic welding pressing device for the large-diameter opening weld of a head, which perfectly meets the requirements of the suspended welding process for the large-diameter opening flange circumferential weld. After the workpiece to be welded is assembled with the rotating membrane tire, the gap between the workpiece to be welded and the rotating membrane tire is less than 0.1 mm, and the misalignment amount is less than 0.3 mm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic welding pressing device for the large-diameter opening weld of a head in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will further describe in detail the disclosed embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] One of the core ideas of the present invention is that during the welding of large-diameter opening welds, the angle and position of the welding torch are fixed, and the workpiece and the support tooling need to rotate at a certain angular velocity. During the rotation process, it is necessary to ensure that the pressing tooling and the local workpiece rotate synchronously relative to the base workpiece. At the same time, during the rotation process, the pressing tooling will not interfere with the welding torch, and the pressing position of the pressing tooling will not shift or loosen due to rotation. Combining the gas path structure of the suspended welding system for the pressure vessel head and the bottom of the tank and the structural characteristics of the large-diameter opening weld, the present invention designs an automatic welding pressing device for the large-diameter opening weld of a head.

[0041] As Figure 1 , the automatic welding pressing device for the large-diameter opening weld of a head includes: a fixed beam 9, a lifting and pressing mechanism 10, and an independent rotating shaft 1. Among them, the fixed beam is installed on the suspended welding system platform by bolts, and the fixed beam is independent of the rotating membrane tire arranged on the suspended welding system platform. The rotating membrane tire is used to fix the workpiece to be welded. The lifting and pressing mechanism is installed on the fixed beam through the independent rotating shaft 1.

[0042] In this embodiment, the fixed beam may specifically include: a plurality of columns 2 and a cross beam 3. Among them, the columns 2 are vertically installed on the suspended welding system platform by bolts and are located outside the rotating membrane tire; during welding, the workpiece to be welded can rotate with the rotation of the rotating membrane tire, while the fixed beam remains stationary, ensuring the stable pressing of the pressing device on the workpiece to be welded during the welding process, and at the same time, there will be no interference between the rotating membrane tire and the fixed beam during rotation. The cross beam 3 is horizontally installed and welded and fixed to each column 2.

[0043] Preferably, the number of columns 2 is not less than 2, and each column 2 has a hollow structure; the cross beam 3 adopts a lightweight structure design. It should be noted that the number of columns 2 can be set according to the actual needs of the workpiece (two, three, four, six are all available).

[0044] In this embodiment, the automatic welding pressing device for the large-diameter opening weld of the head can further include: a gas supply pipeline. Among them, the gas supply pipeline is located in the hollow structure of the fixed beam; one end of the gas supply pipeline is led out from the gas circuit interface 8 and connected to an external gas source device; the other end of the gas supply pipeline is connected to the lifting and pressing mechanism; the gas circuit interface 8 is arranged on any column 2.

[0045] In this embodiment, the lifting and pressing mechanism can specifically include: a cylinder 4, a linear guide rail 5, a piano key mechanism 6 and a pressing plate 7. Among them, the linear guide rail 5 is fixed on the cross beam 3; the pressing plate 7 is connected to the linear guide rail 5 through an independent rotating shaft 1; a piano key mechanism 6 is arranged at the bottom of the pressing plate 7; the inlet of the cylinder 4 is connected to the other end of the gas supply pipeline, and the outlet of the cylinder 4 is respectively connected to the linear guide rail 5 and the piano key mechanism 6.

[0046] Preferably, the pressing plate 7 can rotate 360° under the constraint of the independent rotating shaft 1. During the welding process, the pressing plate 7 and the workpiece to be welded under pressure will rotate synchronously with the rotating membrane tire, which can realize that the fixed beam does not move, the workpiece to be welded and the rotating membrane tire rotate, so that the position of the welding torch can be fixed and the workpiece to be welded rotates to complete the welding of the weld.

[0047] Preferably, the pressing plate 7 can move up and down under the action of the linear guide rail 5. The cylinder 4 can provide air source power for the linear guide rail 5, and by driving the linear guide rail 5, the control of the downward pressing stroke of the pressing plate 7 can be realized to meet the assembly welding of workpieces to be welded at different heights. Among them, the diameter of the cylinder 4 is 100 mm, and the stroke is 300 - 500 mm. In addition, the number of cylinders can be set according to the actual needs of the workpiece (two, four, six are all available).

[0048] Preferably, the piano key mechanism 6 can specifically include: a pressing plate and a number of independent piano keys arranged on the pressing plate. Among them, the cylinder 4 can supply air to each piano key independently to realize independent pressing control of each piano key, and further realize sequential pressing of the workpiece to be welded. When there is a local misalignment at the welding area to be welded, the misaligned position can be pressed first through the pressing function of the independent piano key, and then other positions of the workpiece can be compacted, which is beneficial to eliminating the deformation influence caused by the misalignment. At the same time, the fitting surface of the piano key is consistent with the workpiece structure, ensuring the uniformity of the pressing force.

[0049] In summary, the automatic welding pressing device for large-diameter openings in the head of the present invention can achieve automatic TIG suspended welding of large-diameter openings in the head of a pressure vessel and the bottom of a carrier rocket storage tank, avoiding interference between the pressing device and the welding torch, ensuring a reasonable position of the welding torch relative to the weld, reducing welding deformation near the weld, minimizing welding defects in the weld, and improving the welding quality of the bottom of the storage tank. At the same time, it can ensure the assembly accuracy, stability, and intelligence during the welding process of large-diameter circumferential welds, enabling smooth welding of long-distance space welds.

[0050] In this embodiment, the pressing process based on the automatic welding pressing device for large-diameter openings in the head is as follows:

[0051] Lift and install the workpiece to be welded onto the suspended welding system platform.

[0052] Lift and install the pressing device onto the suspended welding system platform, making the lifting and pressing mechanism fit perpendicularly to the weld, and connect the gas circuit.

[0053] Level the workpiece to be welded.

[0054] Inflate at low pressure, lower the lifting and pressing mechanism, and pre-press the workpiece to be welded.

[0055] Observe the centering of the lifting and pressing mechanism and the workpiece to be welded, and level it precisely again.

[0056] Observe the misalignment of the welding area of the workpiece to be welded, and inflate at high pressure to press the keys at the misaligned positions.

[0057] After the misaligned positions are flattened, inflate the keys as a whole at high pressure; at this time, the gap between the workpiece to be welded and the rotating membrane tire is less than 0.1 mm, and the misalignment amount is not more than 0.3 mm.

[0058] Tilt the welding system by a certain angle to ensure that the welding area and the welding molten pool are in a horizontal state.

[0059] Move the welding torch to the welding area, start the rotating membrane tire, and drive by the core shaft of the rotating membrane tire, the pressing disc and the workpiece to be welded rotate synchronously with the rotating membrane tire to complete the welding operation.

[0060] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change, and decoration made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention all fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0061] The content not detailedly described in the specification of the present invention belongs to the well-known technology of those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An automatic welding pressing device for large-diameter openings in the head, characterized in that Comprising: A fixed beam, a lifting and pressing mechanism, an independent rotating shaft (1), and a gas supply pipeline; The fixed beam is installed on the suspended welding system platform by bolts; wherein, the fixed beam is independent of the rotating membrane tire arranged on the suspended welding system platform, and the rotating membrane tire is used to fix the workpiece to be welded; The lifting and pressing mechanism is installed on the fixed beam through the independent rotating shaft (1); The gas supply pipeline is located inside the hollow structure of the fixed beam; one end of the gas supply pipeline is led out from the gas path interface (8) and connected to an external gas source device; the other end of the gas supply pipeline is connected to the lifting and pressing mechanism; The lifting and pressing mechanism includes: a cylinder (4), a linear guide rail (5), a key mechanism (6), and a pressing disc (7); wherein, the linear guide rail (5) is fixed on the cross beam (3); the pressing disc (7) is connected to the linear guide rail (5) through the independent rotating shaft (1); the pressing disc (7) can move up and down under the action of the linear guide rail (5), and the pressing disc (7) can rotate 360° under the constraint of the independent rotating shaft (1); a key mechanism (6) is arranged at the bottom of the pressing disc (7); the inlet of the cylinder (4) is connected to the other end of the gas supply pipeline, and the outlet of the cylinder (4) is respectively connected to the linear guide rail (5) and the key mechanism (6); The key mechanism (6) includes: a pressing plate and a plurality of independent keys arranged on the pressing plate; wherein, the cylinder (4) supplies gas to each key independently to realize independent pressing control of each key, and further realize sequential pressing of the workpiece to be welded; The working process of the automatic welding pressing device for large-diameter opening welds of the head is as follows: Lift and install the workpiece to be welded onto the suspended welding system platform; Lift and install the pressing device onto the suspended welding system platform, make the lifting and pressing mechanism vertically fit with the weld, and connect the gas path; Level the workpiece to be welded; Inflate at low pressure, lower the lifting and pressing mechanism, and pre-press the workpiece to be welded; Observe the centering of the lifting and pressing mechanism and the workpiece to be welded, and level it precisely again; Observe the misalignment of the weld area of the workpiece to be welded, and inflate at high pressure to press the keys at the misaligned position; After the misaligned position is flattened, inflate at high pressure to press the keys as a whole; Tilt the welding system by a certain angle to ensure that the weld area and the welding molten pool are in a horizontal state; Move the welding torch to the weld area, start the rotating membrane tire, and drive the pressing disc and the workpiece to be welded to rotate synchronously with the rotating membrane tire under the drive of the core shaft of the rotating membrane tire to complete the welding operation.

2. The automatic welding pressing device for the large-diameter opening weld of the head, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that The fixed beam includes: a plurality of columns (2) and a cross beam (3); The columns (2) are vertically installed on the suspended welding system platform by bolts and are located outside the rotating membrane tire; The cross beam (3) is horizontally installed and welded and fixed to each column (2).

3. The automatic welding pressing device for the large-diameter opening weld of the head, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that, During welding, the workpiece to be welded can rotate with the rotation of the rotating membrane tire, and the fixed beam remains stationary, ensuring stable pressing of the pressing device on the workpiece to be welded during the welding process, and at the same time, there is no interference between the rotating membrane tire and the fixed beam when it rotates.

4. The automatic welding pressing device for the large-diameter opening weld of the head, according to claim 2, is characterized in that, The number of columns (2) is not less than 2, and each column (2) is a hollow structure; the cross beam (3) adopts a lightweight structure design.

5. The automatic welding pressing device for the large-diameter opening weld of the head, as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, The gas path interface (8) is arranged on any one of the columns (2).

6. The automatic welding pressing device for large-diameter opening welds of the head, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that The air cylinder (4) provides air source power for the linear guide rail (5). By driving the linear guide rail (5), the control of the downward stroke of the pressing disc (7) is realized to meet the assembly welding of workpieces to be welded with different heights.

7. The automatic welding pressing device for the large-diameter opening weld of the head, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that The diameter of the air cylinder (4) is 100 mm, and the stroke is 300 - 500 mm.

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