Railway bridge tower linear monitoring system and method

Abstract

This invention discloses a railway bridge tower alignment monitoring system and method, belonging to the field of bridge monitoring technology. It includes a reference target set on the bridge tower foundation and monitoring targets set on the tower body. An image acquisition unit on the tower body monitors each target in real time, calculates the actual deformation value of each target during tower deformation, and determines the tower alignment. This railway bridge tower alignment monitoring system and method, by setting monitoring devices on the tower, measures the tower alignment in real time. By constructing a dynamic tilt angle and deformation displacement geometric algorithm, it solves the mapping relationship between the angular deformation measurement of the monitoring device, enabling accurate calculation of displacement in both directions. This greatly improves the accuracy of high-frequency monitoring using photoelectric imaging technology, reduces measurement errors caused by neglecting the device's tilt angle, and features high measurement accuracy and excellent practicality, showing good development prospects and socio-economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bridge monitoring technology, specifically relating to a railway bridge tower alignment monitoring system and method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the development of my country's economy, bridges, as an important part of the transportation network, have ensured the normal operation of the social economy. During the use of bridges, the structure will deform to a certain extent due to the influence of wind, vehicle traffic, and other factors. The magnitude of this deformation reflects the safety, stability, and damage status of the bridge structure.

[0003] Among them, the bridge tower, as the main load-bearing component of long-span railway bridges, directly affects the deformation and stress state of the main beam, cables and other components due to its longitudinal and transverse deformation along the bridge. The bridge tower alignment is an important indicator for judging the overall structural performance of long-span railway bridges, and the deformation at various points along the vertical axis of the bridge tower has always been a key focus of bridge monitoring.

[0004] In monitoring the alignment of bridge towers, commonly used methods include manual measurement, inclinometers or gyroscopes, and GPS or GNSS equipment. Manual measurement typically utilizes tools such as total stations and levels, calibrating measurement points and conducting measurements during nighttime inspection windows. However, this method is susceptible to errors due to environmental factors like nighttime lighting, requires manual on-site marking of values, is inefficient, and cannot provide real-time dynamic alignment data of the bridge towers during train operation. Measurement using inclinometers or gyroscopes involves installing them at different vertical positions on the bridge tower and observing the inclination angle at the same time. The results are then compared to the alignment of the inclination angle with the alignment. While existing technologies can convert bridge tower alignment along longitudinal and transverse directions to their corresponding values, the complexity of bridge tower construction makes it difficult to accurately determine the conversion between inclination angle and alignment, especially under train impact. This limitation hinders practical application. GPS or GNSS equipment monitors deformation by deploying points at key locations to receive satellite signals, but their accuracy is currently limited to centimeter levels. For the sensitive vertical deformation of bridge towers, this is inaccurate, expensive, and requires signal reception on an open bridge deck and fixed installation with cast-in-place poles. This makes installation difficult along the vertical sections of the tower, complicating the process and limiting its widespread application. Therefore, current technologies for monitoring bridge tower alignment cannot meet the demand for intuitive and accurate monitoring of bridge tower alignment under various working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of one or more of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a railway bridge tower alignment monitoring system and method, which can realize real-time monitoring of the tower alignment while improving the monitoring accuracy of the monitoring system and reducing measurement errors.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, one aspect of the present invention provides a railway bridge tower alignment monitoring system and method, which includes a target and an image acquisition unit;

[0007] The image acquisition unit is installed on the tower body of the bridge tower and is used to measure the position of the target;

[0008] The target is located within the measurement range of the image acquisition unit, and includes a reference target set on the bridge tower foundation and several monitoring targets set on the bridge tower body.

[0009] Another aspect of the present invention provides a railway bridge tower alignment monitoring system and method, including a target and an image acquisition unit;

[0010] The targets include a reference target set on the bridge tower foundation and several monitoring targets set on the bridge tower body;

[0011] The image acquisition unit includes a reference camera set to a corresponding reference target and at least one monitoring camera set on the bridge tower body; the reference camera is located within the measurement range of at least one monitoring camera, and at least one of two adjacent cameras is located within the measurement range of the other.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, a data processing device is also included;

[0013] The data processing device is communicatively connected to the image acquisition unit and is used to record the monitoring data of the image acquisition unit, calculate the deformation displacement of each monitoring target, and determine the alignment of the bridge tower.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, a tilt angle acquisition unit is also included, which is set synchronously with the image acquisition unit and is used to monitor the tilt angle change of the image acquisition unit itself in real time.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the image acquisition unit is connected to the bridge tower through a connecting device, so that the image acquisition unit can reciprocate and be fixed relative to the bridge tower under the drive of the connecting device.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the connecting device includes a telescopic member;

[0017] One end of the telescopic component is connected to a corresponding position on the bridge tower, and the other end is connected to the image acquisition unit, so that the image acquisition unit can be relatively displaced by the telescopic component.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the data processing device includes an acquisition module and a wireless transmission module;

[0019] The acquisition module is communicatively connected to the wireless transmission module. The former is used to acquire and process the monitoring data, while the latter is used to transmit the processed data to the corresponding terminal device.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, a remote control module is also included, which is communicatively connected to the image acquisition unit and is used to remotely control the start and stop of the monitoring system.

[0021] and / or

[0022] It also includes a power module, which is electrically connected to the bridge tower power supply box, and is used to automatically start and supply power to the various devices in the monitoring system when the power supply box is de-energized.

[0023] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for monitoring the alignment of railway bridge towers, which utilizes the aforementioned bridge tower alignment monitoring system and includes the following steps:

[0024] (1) Set the benchmark target on the foundation of the bridge tower to be monitored, and arrange and install the monitoring target and image acquisition unit according to the monitoring requirements;

[0025] (2) Use the image acquisition unit to acquire the initial position values ​​of each measuring point;

[0026] (3) During the use of the bridge, the image acquisition unit is used to monitor each measuring point of the bridge tower in real time, and the actual deformation value of each measuring point at different times is calculated to obtain the shape of the bridge tower when it deforms.

[0027] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step (3), the method for calculating the actual deformation value includes the following steps:

[0028] (3.1) Set up tilt acquisition units synchronously for each image acquisition unit to acquire the tilt angle changes of each image acquisition unit itself;

[0029] (3.2) Set the vertical discrimination distance Z0, and classify the monitoring targets according to the value of the vertical discrimination distance Z0, that is, let the monitoring targets whose vertical distance from the image acquisition unit is less than Z0 be the inner targets, and the others be the outer targets; and the vertical discrimination distance Z0 is calculated by the following formula:

[0030]

[0031] Among them, ZB L is the distance between the reference target and the image acquisition unit. B θ1 is the imaging distance of the reference target at the center line of the image acquisition unit, and θ1 is the tilt angle change value of the image acquisition unit;

[0032] (3.3) Calculate the deformation X0 of the image acquisition unit relative to the reference target according to the following formula:

[0033]

[0034] (3.4) Calculate the deformation X of the inner target relative to the reference target according to the following formula. n The deformation X of the outer target relative to the reference target w :

[0035]

[0036]

[0037] Among them, Z n L is the distance between the inner target and the image acquisition unit. n Z represents the imaging distance of the inner target at the center line of the image acquisition unit. w L is the distance between the outer target and the image acquisition unit. w The imaging distance of the outer target at the center line of the image acquisition unit.

[0038] The aforementioned improved technical features can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0039] In summary, the beneficial effects of the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention compared with the prior art include:

[0040] (1) The railway bridge tower alignment monitoring system and method of the present invention includes a reference target set on the bridge tower foundation and a monitoring target set on the bridge tower body. The system monitors each target in real time through an image acquisition unit set on the bridge tower body, calculates the actual deformation value of each target when the bridge tower deforms, and determines the alignment of the bridge tower at different times. At the same time, the monitoring data is recorded and calculated in real time through a data processing device, thereby further improving the monitoring efficiency of the monitoring system.

[0041] (2) The railway bridge tower alignment monitoring system and method of the present invention synchronously sets up an inclination acquisition unit with a corresponding image acquisition unit to monitor the inclination change of the image acquisition unit in real time, thereby reducing the adverse effects of the inclination change of the image acquisition unit itself on the accuracy of the bridge tower alignment measurement; at the same time, by setting the image acquisition unit to be moved back and forth relative to the bridge tower by a connecting device and then fixed, the installation position of the image acquisition unit can be adjusted at any time according to the monitoring needs.

[0042] (3) The railway bridge tower alignment monitoring system and method of the present invention analyzes and calculates the monitoring data by setting up an acquisition module and a wireless transmission module in the data processing device, and quickly and accurately calculates the real-time alignment of the bridge tower; at the same time, by setting up a remote control power supply module, the monitoring system can be remotely controlled to start and stop, so as to realize the periodic restart for maintenance of the monitoring system, saving manpower and material resources; by setting up a power supply module in the monitoring system, the normal use of the monitoring system is ensured when the power supply box is cut off, and the monitoring system can monitor the bridge tower 24 hours a day; in addition, by setting up a surge protector connected to the power supply module, the line of the monitoring system is protected in complex environments, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the monitoring system.

[0043] (4) The railway bridge tower alignment monitoring system and method of the present invention monitors the monitoring targets set on the bridge tower in real time and, in conjunction with the algorithm program, accurately calculates the displacement of the bridge tower when it deforms, and then obtains the alignment of the bridge tower. The process is simple, the measurement accuracy is high, and the real-time control of the monitoring system can be completed without human intervention.

[0044] (5) The railway bridge tower alignment monitoring system and method of the present invention measures the alignment of the bridge tower in real time by setting up a monitoring device on the bridge tower, and solves the mapping relationship of the monitoring device rotation deformation measurement by constructing a dynamic tilt angle and deformation displacement geometric algorithm. It can accurately calculate the displacement in two directions, greatly improve the accuracy of high-frequency monitoring of photoelectric image technology, and reduce the measurement error caused by ignoring the tilt angle of the device. It has the characteristics of high measurement accuracy and excellent practicality, and has good development prospects and social and economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0045] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring method calculation for the railway bridge tower alignment monitoring system in this embodiment of the invention;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the deformation and displacement of the railway bridge tower in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a railway bridge tower alignment monitoring system in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of each target in the same captured image in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically:

[0051] 1. Reference target; 2. Monitoring target; 3. Image acquisition unit; 4. Dual-axis inclinometer; 5. Data processing device; 6. Protective cover; 7. Connector; 8. Anchor plate; 9. Expansion joint; 10. Column; 11. Signal line; 12. Circular flange; 13. Chemical bolt; 14. Hoses. Detailed Implementation

[0052] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0053] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0054] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0055] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0056] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0057] Example:

[0058] Please see Figures 1-4 The railway bridge tower alignment monitoring system and method in a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a target and a monitoring device. The target is mounted on the bridge tower, and the target is monitored by a monitoring device also mounted on the bridge tower to determine the deformation and displacement of the bridge structure.

[0059] Specifically, in the preferred embodiment, the target includes a reference target 1 and a monitoring target 2. The reference target 1 is fixedly connected to the bridge tower foundation and is within the monitoring range of the monitoring device. Due to the high fixed rigidity of the bridge tower base, it is less affected by the deformation and displacement of the bridge tower, allowing the reference target 1, which is set on the bridge tower foundation, to serve as a reference point for calibrating the positions of the monitoring target 2 and the monitoring device.

[0060] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, a number of monitoring targets 2 are provided on the bridge tower body to display the deformation at the corresponding position of the tower body, and there is a certain vertical spacing between some or all of the adjacent monitoring targets 2, so that each monitoring target 2 monitors the bridge tower at multiple positions in the vertical direction of the bridge tower. The specific number and density of the targets can be determined according to the monitoring requirements.

[0061] In practical installation, the target in the preferred embodiment can be an infrared target. Utilizing infrared characteristics, the target's location can still be accurately displayed even in monitoring environments with poor lighting. Furthermore, infrared targets offer advantages such as waterproofing, moisture resistance, and durability against corrosion, further extending their lifespan. Preferably, the target is a self-powered infrared target with a miniature solar panel. The built-in miniature solar panel converts solar energy into electrical energy to power the infrared target, eliminating the need for separate circuits for each target and simplifying the monitoring system setup. Additionally, when installing the reference target 1 and monitoring target 2, expansion bolts are preferably used to install each target onto the vertical sidewall or bottom of the bridge tower. Reinforcing adhesive is further preferably injected into the bolt holes to strengthen the connection between the target and the bridge tower. Moreover, the target's position can be locally adjusted and fixed according to the monitoring angle of the monitoring device, ensuring that all vertically distributed targets can be monitored by the device.

[0062] Furthermore, in the preferred embodiment, the monitoring device is installed on the bridge tower body and includes at least one image acquisition unit 3 for monitoring the deformation and displacement of the reference target 1 and the monitoring target 2 in both the horizontal and vertical directions. In actual installation, the number of such units can be determined based on the height of the bridge tower and the measurement range of the image acquisition unit 3.

[0063] In such Figure 1 In the preferred embodiment shown, an image acquisition unit 3 is installed on the bridge tower, with its lens facing downwards, and all targets are within its measurement range. It calibrates its own position using a reference target 1 and monitors the monitoring target 2.

[0064] In another specific embodiment, multiple image acquisition units 3 are provided, including a reference camera corresponding to the reference target 1 and at least one monitoring camera installed on the bridge tower. The reference camera is located within the measurement range of at least one monitoring camera and is used to calibrate the position of the monitoring camera. At least one of two adjacent cameras is located within the measurement range of the other, ensuring that the position of all cameras can be calibrated using the reference target 1. Furthermore, it is understood that in the preferred embodiment, each camera corresponds to one image acquisition unit 3.

[0065] Furthermore, since the image acquisition unit 3 is located on the vertical sidewall or top of the bridge tower, its tilt angle will change with the displacement of its location due to the deformation of the bridge tower, which adversely affects the monitoring accuracy of the image acquisition unit 3. To eliminate the impact of the change in the tilt angle of the image acquisition unit 3 on the accuracy of the bridge tower alignment measurement, the monitoring device in the preferred embodiment also includes a tilt angle acquisition unit, which is synchronously and in conjunction with the image acquisition unit 3 to monitor the tilt angle change of the image acquisition unit 3 in real time, and synchronously performs the monitoring function with the deformation of the bridge tower. Furthermore, the tilt angle acquisition unit in the preferred embodiment is a dual-axis tilt meter 4, which can simultaneously monitor the tilt angle of the image acquisition unit 3 with the X and Z planes and the Y and Z planes.

[0066] Furthermore, a connecting device is provided between the bridge tower body and the monitoring device, and the two are connected through the connecting device, so that the image acquisition unit 3 can move back and forth relative to the bridge tower and be fixed under the drive of the connecting device, so as to adjust the distance of the image acquisition unit 3 extending out of the bridge tower body, ensuring that each target can be monitored by the image acquisition unit 3 when the bridge tower deforms and displaces.

[0067] In such Figure 3 The connecting device in the specific embodiment shown includes a column 10, which is fixedly connected to the top of the bridge tower. When the bridge tower structure is a concrete structure, the column 10 can preferably be fixedly installed on the concrete bridge tower using a circular flange 12 and chemical bolts 13; when the bridge tower structure is a steel structure, the column 10 can preferably be fixed to the steel bridge tower using a full-welded concrete base to ensure that the connecting device provides stable and reliable support for the monitoring device.

[0068] Furthermore, in the preferred embodiment, the connecting device also includes a telescopic member 9, one end of which is connected to a corresponding position on the bridge tower, and the other end is connected to the image acquisition unit 3, allowing the image acquisition unit 3 to be relatively displaced by the telescopic movement of the telescopic member 9. In the preferred embodiment, the telescopic member 9 is connected to the side wall of the column 10 by welding, and preferably it is perpendicular to the column 10, so that the monitoring device can adjust its relative position to the bridge tower by the telescopic movement of the telescopic member 9, and the telescopic member 9 can be fixed after the telescopic adjustment is completed to ensure the stability of the monitoring device during monitoring.

[0069] Preferably, to further protect the monitoring device, the monitoring device is fixedly installed inside the protective cover 6, such as... Figure 3As shown, the image acquisition unit 3 and the dual-axis inclinometer 4 are both fixedly installed inside the protective cover 6 and connected to the telescopic component 9 through the protective cover 6. In a preferred embodiment, an anchoring plate 8 is provided on one side of the protective cover 6, and the protective cover 6 is anchored to the telescopic component 9 through a connector 7 to ensure the reliability of the connection between the monitoring device and the telescopic component 9. In addition, the welded parts between the components in the embodiment are preferably treated with anti-rust paint, especially for long-span bridge structures in complex environments, where the anti-rust and anti-corrosion level of various steel components needs to be improved to ensure the durability of the structure.

[0070] Furthermore, the monitoring system in the preferred embodiment also includes a data processing device 5, which is communicatively connected to the monitoring device, for receiving monitoring data from the monitoring device, recording the received monitoring data, and calculating the actual displacement of each monitoring target 2 and the monitoring device at different times based on the recorded imaging of each target in the image acquisition unit 3, obtaining the longitudinal and transverse linear changes of the bridge tower, and transmitting the bridge tower linear results to the back-end terminal display.

[0071] Preferably, the image acquisition unit 3 and the tilt acquisition unit transmit monitoring data to the data processing device 5 via signal lines 11, and employ a clock synchronization protocol to achieve microsecond-level precise data synchronization. This ensures that both types of data are transmitted synchronously to the data processing device 5, and that the actual deformation displacement values ​​at various points on the bridge tower are calculated simultaneously. In actual installation, it is preferable to leave redundant lengths for the transmission signal lines 11 of the image acquisition unit 3 and the tilt acquisition unit at the location of the expansion joint 9 to prevent the movement of the monitoring device caused by the limitation of the signal line 11 length from affecting the movement of the expansion joint 9. Accordingly, as... Figure 3 In the preferred embodiment shown, after the signal line 11 passes through the telescopic member 9 and around the column 10, the signal line 11 is threaded into the flexible tube 14, the flexible tube 14 protects the signal line 11, and the signal line 11 is fixed to the top of the tower. The signal line 11 is fixed and protected and then transmits the signal to the data processing device 5.

[0072] Specifically, in the preferred embodiment, the data processing device 5 is an intelligent data acquisition gateway, including a data acquisition module and a wireless transmission service module, which are connected via communication. The data acquisition module is used to collect and calculate monitoring data, determine the actual displacement of each monitoring target 2, fit a bridge tower displacement curve, and transmit the calculated data to the corresponding terminal device via the wireless transmission service module. Preferably, the wireless transmission service module and the data acquisition module are interconnected via a network cable interface to ensure smooth transmission.

[0073] Furthermore, in the preferred embodiment, the data processing device 5 also includes a remote control module, preferably with a built-in Internet of Things card, to realize the remote automatic start and stop of the monitoring system, and to periodically restart and maintain the various devices in the monitoring system, saving manpower and resources.

[0074] Furthermore, the bridge tower alignment monitoring system in the preferred embodiment also includes a surge protector, which is connected to the remote control module to achieve series control. When thunderstorms occur and lightning strikes cause peak currents or voltages in the monitoring system, the surge protector can protect the line circuits and equipment.

[0075] Meanwhile, in the preferred embodiment, the bridge tower alignment monitoring system, in addition to the existing continuous power supply to the bridge tower, also has a built-in power module, which is electrically connected to the bridge tower power supply box. In special circumstances, when the bridge tower power supply box loses power, the power module automatically starts to supply power to the various devices in the monitoring system, ensuring continuous 24 / 7 monitoring of the bridge tower alignment. In the specific embodiment shown in Figure 3, the power module is a UPS power module, which uses a battery pack connected in series and connected to the UPS host via positive and negative power lines, and connects the battery pack to the bridge tower power supply box.

[0076] Furthermore, the monitoring method for the bridge tower alignment monitoring system in the preferred embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

[0077] (1) Set the benchmark target on the foundation of the bridge tower to be monitored, and arrange and install the monitoring target and image acquisition unit 3 according to the monitoring requirements;

[0078] In actual setup, it is essential to ensure that the positions of the reference target 1 and the monitoring target 2 can be monitored by the image acquisition unit 3. The monitoring angle of the image acquisition unit 3 can be adjusted via the telescopic component 9 to ensure that each target remains within the monitoring angle of the image acquisition unit 3 after the bridge tower deforms. Furthermore, when higher measurement accuracy is required, a tilt acquisition unit can be added to the image acquisition unit 3 simultaneously to monitor the tilt angle change caused by the bridge tower deformation, thus eliminating the impact of this tilt angle change on measurement errors. Additionally, in the preferred embodiment, a data processing device 5 is also provided corresponding to the image acquisition unit 3 and the tilt acquisition unit to quickly analyze and calculate the monitoring data.

[0079] (2) Use image acquisition unit 3 to acquire the initial position values ​​of each measuring point;

[0080] like Figure 2 In the preferred embodiment shown, it is necessary to monitor the deformation values ​​in both the X and Y directions simultaneously. After the installation of each device is completed, the image acquisition unit 3 is used to acquire the initial position values ​​of the basic target 1 and the monitoring target 2 in the X and Y axes, and the tilt angle acquisition unit is used to acquire the initial tilt angle between the X and Y axes of the vertical plane of the image acquisition unit 3. The initial position values ​​and initial tilt angles are recorded as the original calibration values ​​to the data processing device 5.

[0081] (3) During the use of the bridge, the image acquisition unit 3 is used to monitor each measuring point of the bridge tower in real time, and calculates the actual deformation value of each measuring point at different times to obtain the shape of the bridge tower when it deforms.

[0082] When the bridge tower alignment changes, especially at moments when the change is significant as a train passes over the bridge, the image acquisition unit 3 can quickly capture the deformation value at that moment. In a preferred embodiment, the spatial deformation of the bridge tower under actual loads such as trains, temperature, and wind is decomposed into displacement changes along the X and Y axes. The positions of each target during bridge tower deformation are compared and analyzed with the original calibration values ​​to determine the displacement of each monitoring target 2 in the X and Y directions due to bridge tower deformation. Figure 1 In the specific embodiment shown, taking the deformation of the bridge tower in the X-axis direction as an example, the displacement value of each monitoring target 2 is calculated.

[0083] (3.1) Set up tilt acquisition units synchronously for each image acquisition unit to acquire the tilt angle changes of each image acquisition unit itself;

[0084] Due to the deformation of the bridge tower, the image acquisition unit 3 will also move when it acquires and monitors the position of the target 2. At the same time, its tilt angle will also change. The tilt angle acquisition unit acquires the tilt angle change of the image acquisition unit 3 and transmits this information and the real-time acquisition information of the image acquisition unit 3 to the data processing device 5 for processing.

[0085] (3.2) Set the vertical discrimination distance Z0, and classify the monitoring targets according to the value of the vertical discrimination distance Z0, that is, let the monitoring targets whose vertical distance from the image acquisition unit is less than Z0 be the inner targets B. n Conversely, the outer target B w Furthermore, the vertical discrimination distance Z0 is calculated using the following formula:

[0086]

[0087] Among them, Z B L is the distance between the reference target 1 and the image acquisition unit 3. B θ1 is the imaging distance of the reference target 1 at the center line of the image acquisition unit 3, and θ1 is the tilt angle change value of the image acquisition unit 3;

[0088] Another understandable point is that the inner target B... n It is not limited to a single target; the segmentation is based on the calculated judgment distance, with the outer target B... w It is not limited to a single target; the segmentation is based on the calculated judgment distance.

[0089] (3.3) Calculate the deformation X0 of the image acquisition unit relative to the reference target according to the following formula:

[0090]

[0091] (3.4) Calculate the deformation X of the inner target relative to the reference target according to the following formula. n The deformation X of the outer target relative to the reference target w :

[0092]

[0093]

[0094] Among them, Z n For inner target B n The distance L between the image acquisition unit 3 and the image acquisition unit 3 n For inner target B n At the imaging distance along the centerline of image acquisition unit 3, Z w For outer target B w The distance L between the image acquisition unit 3 and the image acquisition unit 3 w For outer target B w Imaging distance at the center line of image acquisition unit 3.

[0095] Based on the above algorithm, the displacement change value along the X-axis of each monitoring target 2 during bridge tower deformation can be calculated, and the linear shape of the bridge tower in the X-axis direction can be fitted by each displacement change value. Similarly, the deformation in the Y-axis direction can be calculated according to the above algorithm steps for deformation in the X-axis direction, and the specific process will not be elaborated here.

[0096] The railway bridge tower alignment monitoring system and method of this invention measures the alignment of the bridge tower in real time by setting up a monitoring device on the tower. By constructing a dynamic tilt angle and deformation displacement geometric algorithm, the mapping relationship of the monitoring device's angular deformation measurement is solved, which can accurately calculate the displacement in two directions. This greatly improves the accuracy of high-frequency monitoring using photoelectric imaging technology and reduces the measurement error caused by ignoring the tilt angle of the device. It has the characteristics of high measurement accuracy and excellent practicality, and has good development prospects and social and economic benefits.

[0097] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A railway bridge tower linear monitoring system, characterized in that, The target, the image acquisition unit, the data processing device and the inclination acquisition unit are included. The image acquisition unit is arranged on the tower body of the bridge tower, and is used for measuring the position of the target. The target is located in the range of the image acquisition unit, and includes a reference target arranged on the foundation of the bridge tower and a plurality of monitoring targets arranged on the tower body of the bridge tower. The inclination acquisition unit is arranged synchronously with the image acquisition unit, and is used for monitoring the inclination change of the image acquisition unit in real time. The data processing device is in communication connection with the image acquisition unit, and is used for recording the monitoring data of the image acquisition unit and calculating the deformation displacement of each monitoring target. The data processing device sets a vertical discrimination distance Z 0, and classifies the monitoring target according to the value of the vertical discrimination distance Z 0, i.e. the monitoring target with a vertical distance from the image acquisition unit less than Z 0 is an inside target, and vice versa; and the vertical discrimination distance Z 0 is calculated by the following formula: wherein, Z B is the distance between the reference target and the image acquisition unit, L B is the centerline imaging distance of the reference target at the image acquisition unit, The target, the image acquisition unit, the data processing device and the inclination acquisition unit are included. 1 is the inclination angle change value of the image acquisition unit; a deformation amount of the image acquisition unit relative to the reference target X 0 is: ； an amount of deformation of the medial target relative to the reference target X n an amount of deformation of the lateral target relative to the reference target X w respectively: ； ； wherein Z n is the distance between the inner target and the image acquisition unit, L n is the distance between the inner target and the image acquisition unit centerline imaging distance, Z w is the distance between the outer target and the image acquisition unit, L w is the distance between the outer target and the image acquisition unit centerline imaging distance.

2. A railway bridge tower linear monitoring system, characterized in that, The target includes a reference target arranged on the foundation of the bridge tower and a plurality of monitoring targets arranged on the tower body of the bridge tower. The image acquisition unit includes a reference camera corresponding to the reference target and at least one monitoring camera arranged on the tower body of the bridge tower. The reference camera is located in the range of at least one monitoring camera, and at least one of the adjacent two cameras is located in the range of the other camera. The inclination acquisition unit is arranged synchronously with the image acquisition unit, and is used for monitoring the inclination change of the image acquisition unit in real time. The data processing device is in communication connection with the image acquisition unit, and is used for recording the monitoring data of the image acquisition unit and calculating the deformation displacement of each monitoring target. The image acquisition unit is connected with the bridge tower through a connecting device, and the image acquisition unit can be moved back and forth relative to the bridge tower under the driving of the connecting device and fixed. The data processing device sets a vertical discrimination distance Z 0, and classifies the monitoring target according to the value of the vertical discrimination distance Z 0, i.e. the monitoring target with a vertical distance to the image acquisition unit less than Z 0 is an inside target, and vice versa; and the vertical discrimination distance Z 0 is calculated by the following formula: wherein, Z B is the distance between the reference target and the image acquisition unit, L B is the centerline imaging distance of the reference target at the image acquisition unit, The connecting device includes a telescopic member. 1 is the inclination angle change value of the image acquisition unit; a deformation amount of the image acquisition unit relative to the reference target X 0 is: ； an amount of deformation of the medial target relative to the reference target X n an amount of deformation of the lateral target relative to the reference target X w respectively: ； ； wherein Z n is the distance between the inner target and the image acquisition unit, L n is the distance between the inner target and the image acquisition unit centerline imaging distance, Z w is the distance between the outer target and the image acquisition unit, L w is the distance between the outer target and the image acquisition unit centerline imaging distance.

3. The railway bridge pylon linear monitoring system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, One end of the telescopic member is connected with the corresponding position on the bridge tower, and the other end is connected with the image acquisition unit, so that the image acquisition unit can be relatively displaced through the extension and contraction of the telescopic member.

4. The railway bridge pylon linear monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The data processing device includes an acquisition module and a wireless transmission module. The acquisition module is in communication connection with the wireless transmission module, and the former is used for the acquisition and calculation of monitoring data, and the latter is used for transmitting the calculated data to the corresponding terminal equipment.

5. The railway bridge pylon linear monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further, a remote control module is in communication connection with the image acquisition unit, and is used for remotely controlling the opening and closing of the monitoring system. Further, a power module is in electrical connection with the power supply box of the bridge tower, and is used for automatically starting and supplying power to each device in the monitoring system when the power supply box is powered off.

6. The railway bridge pylon linear monitoring system according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4, 5, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: (1) arranging and installing the reference target on the foundation of the bridge tower to be monitored and the monitoring target and the image acquisition unit according to the monitoring requirements; (2) collecting the initial values of the positions of each measuring point by using the image acquisition unit; 7. A railway bridge tower alignment monitoring method, which is implemented by using the bridge tower alignment monitoring system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, (3) monitoring each measuring point of the bridge tower in real time by using the image acquisition unit during the use of the bridge, calculating the actual deformation values of each measuring point at different times, and obtaining the linear shape of the bridge tower in deformation. In step (3), the calculation method of the actual deformation value includes the following steps: (3.1) synchronously arranging an inclination acquisition unit for each image acquisition unit to collect the inclination change of each image acquisition unit itself. ​ 8. The railway bridge pylon linear monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that, ​ ​ (3.2) setting a vertical discrimination distance Z 0, and classifying the monitoring targets according to the value of the vertical discrimination distance Z 0, i.e. classifying the monitoring targets with a vertical distance from the image acquisition unit less than Z 0 as inside targets and the others as outside targets; and the vertical discrimination distance Z 0 is calculated by the following formula: wherein, Z B is the distance between the reference target and the image acquisition unit, L B is the centerline imaging distance of the reference target at the image acquisition unit, ​ 1 is the inclination angle change value of the image acquisition unit; (3.3) The deformation of the image acquisition unit relative to the reference target is calculated according to the following formula X 0: (3.4) The deformation of the inner target relative to the reference target and the deformation of the outer target relative to the reference target are calculated respectively according to the following formulae X n : = - and X w : = - wherein Z n is the distance between the inner target and the image acquisition unit, L n is the distance between the inner target and the image acquisition unit centerline imaging distance, Z w is the distance between the outer target and the image acquisition unit, L w is the distance between the outer target and the image acquisition unit centerline imaging distance.

Images