Preparation method of polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator

Abstract

The application discloses a preparation method of a polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator, and the method adopts a pre-permeation synthesis strategy to prepare the polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel, uses the prepared hydrogel as an electrode of the triboelectric nanogenerator, and constructs the triboelectric nanogenerator, so that the technical problems of poor deformability of a flexible electrode and incapability of simultaneously achieving good conductivity and deformability in the prior art are solved. The electrode of the constructed triboelectric nanogenerator has the characteristics of high conductivity, strong mechanical performance and high output performance, and creates favorable conditions for the development of preparation of flexible wearable electronic devices.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of friction nanogenerator, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel single-electrode friction nanogenerator. BACKGROUND

[0002] The development of flexible electronic sensors has greatly changed people's daily life. Since the interface of the flexible sensor connects the human tissue and the electrode, the power supply problem of the flexible device is a problem to be solved. The friction nanogenerator is a new technology for realizing self-powered sensing and low-frequency energy harvesting, and has great application potential in flexible and wearable electronic devices. The friction layer and the electrode layer of the flexible friction nanogenerator are required to be flexible and stretchable. There are many flexible materials for the flexible friction layer, but the flexible electrode materials are limited. The flexible electrode material will not be damaged due to stretching, twisting, bending and other external forces. The hydrogel is an emerging flexible electrode material. Its special network structure and high hydrophilicity enable it to contain a large amount of water. By using some specific polymers and polymer networks, they are endowed with high transparency, high flexibility, high stretchability, good viscoelasticity and good biocompatibility. Compared with traditional inorganic electrode materials, the hydrogel based on conductive polymers has outstanding advantages, including good biocompatibility and low resistance. In particular, conductive polyaniline, due to its high stability, high conductivity and biocompatibility, enables them to be used as flexible electrode materials and have better application in the field of friction nanogenerator. At present, the main materials such as polydopamine and borax have been reported to be used as electrodes in the friction nanogenerator. Although the friction nanogenerator manufactured has high mechanical properties, it is difficult to realize high output performance. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem solved by the present application is to provide a preparation method of a polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel single-electrode friction nanogenerator, which is simple in process and low in cost. The method uses a pre-permeation synthesis strategy to prepare polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel, uses the prepared hydrogel as the electrode of the friction nanogenerator and constructs the friction nanogenerator. The electrode of the constructed friction nanogenerator has the characteristics of high permeability, low cost, simple manufacturing and high conductivity, and creates favorable conditions for the development of flexible wearable electronic devices.

[0004] The application adopts the following technical scheme to solve the above technical problem. The preparation method of the polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel single-electrode friction nanogenerator has the following specific steps:

[0005] Step S1: dissolve acrylic acid in ultrapure water and fully stir to mix uniformly to obtain solution B0;

[0006] Step S2: crosslinking agent N,N-methylene acrylamide is added into solution B0, and after being fully dispersed and uniformly mixed, solution B1 is obtained;

[0007] Step S3: sorbitol is added into solution B1 and stirred and mixed uniformly, then ammonium persulfate is added, and after continuous stirring, solution B2 is obtained by ultrasonic treatment, and the product, acrylic acid / sorbitol hydrogel, is obtained by drying at 60-80℃ for 1-2h;

[0008] Step S4: concentrated hydrochloric acid is added into ultrapure water to prepare a hydrochloric acid solution, then aniline is dissolved in the hydrochloric acid solution and fully stirred and mixed uniformly to obtain solution B3;

[0009] Step S5: ammonium persulfate is dissolved in ultrapure water and fully stirred and mixed uniformly to obtain solution B4;

[0010] Step S6: the obtained acrylic acid / sorbitol hydrogel is soaked in solution B3, then the soaked acrylic acid / sorbitol hydrogel is transferred into solution B4 and polymerized at 0-4℃, and finally the hydrogel soaked in solution B4 is taken out to obtain the polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel;

[0011] Step S7: the obtained polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel is used as an electrode of a friction nanogenerator, and polytetrafluoroethylene is used as a friction layer to construct the friction nanogenerator.

[0012] Further limitation, in step S1, the amount of acrylic acid is 2-6mL, and the amount of ultrapure water is 10-30mL, and the stirring time is 0.1-0.5h; in step S2, the amount of N,N-methylene acrylamide is 0.001-0.004g, and the stirring time is 0.1-0.5h; in step S3, the amount of sorbitol is 0.1-1.0g, and the amount of ammonium persulfate is 0.07-0.075g, and the stirring time of the mixture obtained after adding ammonium persulfate is 0.1-0.5h, and the ultrasonic treatment time is 20-30min.

[0013] Further limitation, in step S4, the amount of aniline is 0.2-1.5mL, the amount of concentrated hydrochloric acid is 8-10mL, and the amount of ultrapure water is 40-50mL.

[0014] Further limitation, in step S5, the amount of ammonium persulfate is 10-13g, and the amount of ultrapure water is 40-50mL.

[0015] Further limitation, in step S6, the soaking time in solution B3 is 24-36h, and the soaking time in solution B4 is 12-24h.

[0016] Further limited, the polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel and polytetrafluoroethylene in the friction nanogenerator in step S7 are alternately laminated in turn to form a sandwich structure, one end of the wire is connected to the polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel, and the other end is connected to the external circuit through the polytetrafluoroethylene to lead out the current.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the electrode of the single-electrode friction nanogenerator prepared by the application has high conductivity, strong tensile property, high output performance, and low manufacturing cost, and the single-electrode friction nanogenerator prepared by the application has the characteristics of high output power and good stability, and can stably convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the single-electrode mode friction nanogenerator prepared in Example 1;

[0019] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS: 1-polytetrafluoroethylene, 2-polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel, 3-wire;

[0020] Figure 2 is a stress-strain test curve of the polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel prepared in Example 1;

[0021] Figure 3 is a stress-strain test curve of the polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel prepared in Example 1;

[0022] Figure 4 is an open-circuit voltage diagram of the polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel-based single-electrode friction nanogenerator prepared in Example 1;

[0023] Figure 5 is a short-circuit current diagram of the polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel-based single-electrode friction nanogenerator prepared in Example 1;

[0024] Figure 6 is a transfer charge diagram of the polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel-based single-electrode friction nanogenerator prepared in Example 1.

[0025] Figure 7 is a conductivity diagram of the polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel-based single-electrode friction nanogenerator prepared in Examples 1-5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The above content of the application will be further described in detail through the following examples, but this should not be understood as limiting the scope of the above subject matter of the application to only the following examples, and any technology realized based on the above content of the application belongs to the scope of the application.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] Step S1: 5 mL of acrylic acid was dissolved in 15 mL of ultrapure water and fully stirred to mix evenly to obtain solution B0;

[0029] Step S2: 0.003 g of crosslinking agent N,N-methylene acrylamide was added to solution B0 and fully dispersed to obtain solution B1;

[0030] Step S3: 0.5 g of sorbitol was added to solution B1 and fully stirred to mix evenly, then 0.071 g of ammonium persulfate was added, and after continuous stirring, ultrasonic was performed for 20 min to obtain solution B2, which was then placed in a 60°C air drying oven for drying for 2 h to obtain product acrylic acid / sorbitol hydrogel;

[0031] Step S4: 83.3 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid was added to 916.7 mL of ultrapure water to prepare a hydrochloric acid solution, and then 1.0 mL of aniline was dissolved in 49 mL of the hydrochloric acid solution and fully stirred to mix evenly to obtain solution B3;

[0032] Step S5: 11.4 g of ammonium persulfate was dissolved in 50 mL of ultrapure water and fully stirred to mix evenly to obtain solution B4;

[0033] Step S6: The obtained acrylic acid / sorbitol hydrogel was soaked in solution B3 for 24 h, and then the soaked acrylic acid / sorbitol hydrogel was transferred into solution B4 and polymerized at 0°C for 12 h, and finally the hydrogel soaked in solution B4 was taken out to obtain polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel;

[0034] Step S7: The obtained polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel 2 was used as an electrode of a triboelectric nanogenerator, polytetrafluoroethylene 1 was used as a friction layer, one end of a wire 3 was connected to the polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel 2, the other end of the wire 3 was connected to an external circuit through the polytetrafluoroethylene 1 to lead out current, and a triboelectric nanogenerator was constructed, which was A-3.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] Step S1: 5 mL of acrylic acid was dissolved in 15 mL of ultrapure water and fully stirred to mix evenly to obtain solution B0;

[0037] Step S2: 0.003 g of crosslinking agent N,N-methylene acrylamide was added to solution B0 and fully dispersed to obtain solution B1;

[0038] Step S3: 0.5 g of sorbitol was added to solution B1 and fully stirred to mix evenly, then 0.071 g of ammonium persulfate was added, and after continuous stirring, ultrasonic was performed for 20 min to obtain solution B2, which was then placed in a 60°C air drying oven for drying for 2 h to obtain product acrylic acid / sorbitol hydrogel;

[0039] Step S4: 83.3 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid was added to 916.7 mL of ultrapure water to prepare a hydrochloric acid solution, and then 0.5 mL of aniline was dissolved in 49 mL of the hydrochloric acid solution and fully stirred and mixed to obtain solution B3;

[0040] Step S5: 11.4 g of ammonium persulfate was dissolved in 50 mL of ultrapure water and fully stirred and mixed to obtain solution B4;

[0041] Step S6: The obtained acrylic acid / sorbitol hydrogel was soaked in solution B3 for 24 h, and then the soaked acrylic acid / sorbitol hydrogel was transferred into solution B4 and polymerized at 0°C for 12 h, and finally the hydrogel soaked in solution B4 was taken out to obtain a polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel;

[0042] Step S7: The obtained polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel was used as an electrode of a triboelectric nanogenerator, and polytetrafluoroethylene was used as a friction layer to construct a triboelectric nanogenerator, which was A-1.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] Step S1: 5 mL of acrylic acid was dissolved in 15 mL of ultrapure water and fully stirred and mixed to obtain solution B0;

[0045] Step S2: 0.003 g of a crosslinking agent N,N-methylene acrylamide was added to solution B0 and fully dispersed and mixed to obtain solution B1;

[0046] Step S3: 0.5 g of sorbitol was added to solution B1 and fully stirred and mixed, and then 0.071 g of ammonium persulfate was added, and after continuous stirring, ultrasonic treatment was performed for 20 min to obtain solution B2, and then the solution was placed in a 60°C air drying oven for drying for 2 h to obtain a product, an acrylic acid / sorbitol hydrogel;

[0047] Step S4: 83.3 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid was added to 916.7 mL of ultrapure water to prepare a hydrochloric acid solution, and then 0.5 mL of aniline was dissolved in 49 mL of the hydrochloric acid solution and fully stirred and mixed to obtain solution B3;

[0048] Step S5: 11.4 g of ammonium persulfate was dissolved in 50 mL of ultrapure water and fully stirred and mixed to obtain solution B4;

[0049] Step S6: The obtained acrylic acid / sorbitol hydrogel was soaked in solution B3 for 24 h, and then the soaked acrylic acid / sorbitol hydrogel was transferred into solution B4 and polymerized at 0°C for 12 h, and finally the hydrogel soaked in solution B4 was taken out to obtain a polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel;

[0050] Step S7: The obtained polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel was used as an electrode of a triboelectric nanogenerator, and polytetrafluoroethylene was used as a friction layer to construct a triboelectric nanogenerator, which was A-2.

[0051] Example 4

[0052] Step S1: 5 mL of acrylic acid was dissolved in 15 mL of ultrapure water and fully stirred to mix evenly to obtain solution B0;

[0053] Step S2: 0.003 g of crosslinking agent N,N-methylene acrylamide was added to solution B0 and fully dispersed evenly to obtain solution B1;

[0054] Step S3: 0.5 g of sorbitol was added to solution B1 and stirred to mix evenly, then 0.071 g of ammonium persulfate was added, and after continuous stirring, ultrasonic was performed for 20 min to obtain solution B2, which was then placed in a 60°C air drying oven for drying for 2 h to obtain product acrylic acid / sorbitol hydrogel;

[0055] Step S4: 83.3 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid was added to 916.7 mL of ultrapure water to prepare a hydrochloric acid solution, and then 1.2 mL of aniline was dissolved in 49 mL of the hydrochloric acid solution and fully stirred to mix evenly to obtain solution B3;

[0056] Step S5: 11.4 g of ammonium persulfate was dissolved in 50 mL of ultrapure water and fully stirred to mix evenly to obtain solution B4;

[0057] Step S6: The obtained acrylic acid / sorbitol hydrogel was soaked in solution B3 for 24 h, and then the soaked acrylic acid / sorbitol hydrogel was transferred into solution B4 and polymerized at 0°C for 12 h, and finally the hydrogel soaked in solution B4 was taken out to obtain polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel;

[0058] Step S7: The obtained polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel was used as an electrode of a friction nanogenerator, and polytetrafluoroethylene was used as a friction layer to construct a friction nanogenerator, which was A-4.

[0059] Example 5

[0060] Step S1: 5 mL of acrylic acid was dissolved in 15 mL of ultrapure water and fully stirred to mix evenly to obtain solution B0;

[0061] Step S2: 0.003 g of crosslinking agent N,N-methylene acrylamide was added to solution B0 and fully dispersed evenly to obtain solution B1;

[0062] Step S3: 0.5 g of sorbitol was added to solution B1 and stirred to mix evenly, then 0.071 g of ammonium persulfate was added, and after continuous stirring, ultrasonic was performed for 20 min to obtain solution B2, which was then placed in a 60°C air drying oven for drying for 2 h to obtain product acrylic acid / sorbitol hydrogel;

[0063] Step S4: 83.3 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid was added to 916.7 mL of ultrapure water to prepare a hydrochloric acid solution, and 1.5 mL of aniline was dissolved in 49 mL of the hydrochloric acid solution and fully stirred and mixed to obtain solution B3;

[0064] Step S5: 11.4 g of ammonium persulfate was dissolved in 50 mL of ultrapure water and fully stirred and mixed to obtain solution B4;

[0065] Step S6: The obtained acrylic acid / sorbitol hydrogel was soaked in solution B3 for 24 h, and then the soaked acrylic acid / sorbitol hydrogel was transferred into solution B4 and polymerized at 0°C for 12 h, and finally the hydrogel soaked in solution B4 was taken out to obtain a polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel;

[0066] Step S7: The obtained polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel was used as an electrode of a triboelectric nanogenerator, and polytetrafluoroethylene was used as a friction layer to construct a triboelectric nanogenerator, which was A-5.

[0067] Performance characterization: The polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel prepared in Example 1 was cut into a hydrogel with a shape of 3 cm in length, 2 cm in width, and 2 mm in thickness. The hydrogel was attached with polytetrafluoroethylene as shown in Figure 1 to construct a triboelectric nanogenerator. The hydrogel was subjected to mechanical performance testing, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the stretching reached 500%, and the compression was 90%, indicating that the hydrogel had good mechanical properties. The conductivity of the polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel prepared in Examples 1-5 was tested as shown in Figure 7 , and the conductivity of the hydrogel with different aniline concentrations was obtained, but all had high conductivity. The output performance of the triboelectric nanogenerator based on the polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel prepared in Example 1 was tested, as shown in Figures 4-6 , the output open-circuit voltage signal was 150 volts, the short-circuit current was 7 microamperes, and the transferred charge was 42 nanocoulombs, indicating that the constructed triboelectric nanogenerator had high output performance.

[0068] The above examples describe the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited to the above examples. The above examples and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application. Without departing from the scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator based on polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel, characterized in that... The specific steps are as follows: Step S1: Dissolve acrylic acid in ultrapure water and stir thoroughly to obtain solution B0; Step S2: Add the crosslinking agent N,N-methyleneacrylamide to solution B0 and disperse it thoroughly to obtain solution B1; Step S3: Add sorbitol to solution B1 and stir to mix evenly. Then add ammonium persulfate, continue stirring and sonicate to obtain solution B2. Then dry at 60~80℃ for 1~2h to obtain the product acrylic acid / sorbitol hydrogel. Step S4: Add concentrated hydrochloric acid to ultrapure water to prepare hydrochloric acid solution, then dissolve aniline in hydrochloric acid solution and stir thoroughly to obtain solution B3; Step S5: Dissolve ammonium persulfate in ultrapure water and stir thoroughly to obtain solution B4; Step S6: The obtained acrylic / sorbitol hydrogel is added to solution B3 for soaking, and then the soaked acrylic / sorbitol hydrogel is transferred to solution B4 and polymerized at 0~4℃. Finally, the hydrogel soaked in solution B4 is taken out to obtain polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel. Step S7: The obtained polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel is used as the electrode of the triboelectric nanogenerator, and polytetrafluoroethylene is used as the triboelectric layer to construct the triboelectric nanogenerator. In the triboelectric nanogenerator, the polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel and polytetrafluoroethylene are alternately stacked to form a sandwich structure. One end of the wire is connected to the polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel, and the other end passes through the polytetrafluoroethylene to connect to the external circuit to conduct current.

2. The method for preparing a single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator based on polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the amount of acrylic acid used is 2-6 mL, the amount of ultrapure water used is 10-30 mL, and the mixture is stirred for 0.1-0.5 h; in step S2, the amount of N,N-methyleneacrylamide used is 0.001-0.004 g, and the mixture is stirred for 0.1-0.5 h; in step S3, the amount of sorbitol used is 0.1-1.0 g, the amount of ammonium persulfate used is 0.07-0.075 g, and the mixture obtained by adding ammonium persulfate is stirred for 0.1-0.5 h and then sonicated for 20-30 min.

3. The method for preparing a single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator based on polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the amount of aniline used is 0.2~1.5mL, the amount of concentrated hydrochloric acid used is 8~10mL, and the amount of ultrapure water used is 40~50mL.

4. The method for preparing a single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator based on polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the amount of ammonium persulfate used is 10-13g, and the amount of ultrapure water used is 40-50mL.

5. The method for preparing a single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator based on polyaniline / sorbitol hydrogel according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the soaking time in solution B3 is 24~36h, and the soaking time in solution B4 is 12~24h.

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