Model construction, acquisition and calculation method of brightness, lighting control method and system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of road traffic technology, and in particular to a method for constructing a ground scene brightness model outside a tunnel, wherein the model is constructed by taking solar radiation illumination as an independent variable and taking the average brightness of the ground scene as a dependent variable, and the constructed model can detect the ground scene brightness in real time and accurately, and provide a basis for accurate control of lighting in the tunnel; the present invention also relates to two methods for obtaining the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scene outside the tunnel by applying the model construction method, and the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scene outside the tunnel can be accurately obtained; the present invention also relates to a method for calculating the brightness outside the tunnel by applying the method for calculating the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scene outside the tunnel, and the brightness outside the tunnel can be accurately calculated, and a basis for controlling the lighting in the tunnel can be provided; the present invention also relates to a tunnel lighting control system used for the tunnel lighting calculation method, and a tunnel lighting control method, which can accurately control the lighting in the tunnel according to the brightness outside the tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of road traffic technology, and in particular to a method for constructing a ground scene brightness model outside a tunnel, a method for obtaining a real-time value of average brightness of ground scenes outside a tunnel using the method for constructing a ground scene brightness model outside a tunnel, a method for calculating brightness outside a tunnel using the method for obtaining real-time value of average brightness of ground scenes outside a tunnel, a lighting control system inside a tunnel using the method for calculating brightness outside a tunnel, and a lighting control method inside a tunnel. Background Art

[0002] Due to the structural characteristics of the tunnel, when the driver approaches the tunnel and looks into the tunnel from outside, there is a significant difference in brightness between the inside of the tunnel and the external environment, making it like a black hole. As a result, when the driver first enters the tunnel, it is difficult to identify and find obstacles, which makes traffic accidents prone to occur at the tunnel entrance.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the prior art designs and controls the lighting in tunnels in the following ways:

[0004] Method 1: During the construction phase, tunnels usually select clear weather to measure the brightness outside the tunnel and refer to the empirical values ​​in the specifications as a benchmark to design the lighting brightness of the tunnel entrance section. Although the brightness outside the tunnel changes dynamically at every moment, the designed brightness inside the tunnel is a fixed value and will not change with the brightness of the external environment. This wastes energy and the lighting effect is poor, and there are still safety hazards.

[0005] Method 2: A brightness meter is set outside the tunnel, and the lighting inside the tunnel is controlled based on the test results of the brightness meter. However, the brightness meter is set on the gantry at the tunnel entrance, which deviates greatly from the test position of the brightness L20(S) outside the tunnel specified in the "Highway Tunnel Lighting Design Specifications" JTG / TD70 / 2-01-2014, and the cost is high. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for constructing a brightness model of ground scenery outside a tunnel, which is simple and can accurately calculate the average brightness of ground scenery within a preset field of view at a preset position outside the tunnel, thereby providing a basis for accurate control of lighting in the tunnel; two methods for obtaining real-time values ​​of the average brightness of ground scenery outside the tunnel are also provided, which can accurately obtain real-time values ​​of the average brightness of ground scenery outside the tunnel; a method for calculating the brightness outside the tunnel is also provided, which can accurately calculate the brightness outside the tunnel, thereby providing a basis for accurately controlling the lighting in the tunnel; and a tunnel lighting control system and method are also provided, which can accurately control the lighting in the tunnel based on the real-time brightness outside the tunnel.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for constructing a brightness model of ground scenery outside a tunnel comprises the following steps:

[0009] Step 1, obtaining measurement data of at least one sampling day, the measurement data including the average brightness of ground scenery within a preset field of view of an observer at a predetermined position outside the tunnel and the solar radiation illuminance at the geographical location of the tunnel at multiple sampling moments within a predetermined time range of the sampling day;

[0010] Step 2: Establish a ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel based on the acquired data; the independent variable of the ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel includes the real-time solar radiation illumination at the geographical location of the tunnel, and the dependent variable is the average brightness of the ground scene.

[0011] Preferably, the starting time of the predetermined time range is between sunrise time and 12:00 noon at the location of the tunnel, and the ending time is between 12:00 noon and sunset time at the location of the tunnel.

[0012] Preferably, the predetermined position is the parking sight distance outside the tunnel and is 1.5 m above the road surface, the preset field of view is a 20° field of view, and the observer is the driver.

[0013] Preferably, in step 1, the average brightness of the ground scene=the brightness of each ground scene×the sum of the corresponding area ratios.

[0014] Preferably, step 2 includes the following sub-steps: within the sampling day, the measurement data within the preset time range is divided into at least two groups of data according to continuous time segments, and at least two groups of sub-models are established based on the at least two groups of data, the independent variables of the two groups of sub-models include the real-time solar radiation illumination at the geographical location of the tunnel, and the dependent variable is the average brightness of the ground scenery.

[0015] Preferably, step 2 includes the following sub-steps: selecting an inflection point time within a preset time range of the sampling day, dividing the measured data into two groups of data, namely a first group of data and a second group of data, establishing a first sub-model based on the first group of data, and establishing a second sub-model based on the second group of data, the independent variables of the first sub-model and the second sub-model both include the real-time solar radiation illuminance of the geographical location of the tunnel, and the dependent variables are both the average brightness of the ground scenery.

[0016] Preferably, the inflection point time is the time T when the sun reaches the maximum altitude angle within the sampling day, also called the inflection point time T, and the measurement data between the start time of the predetermined time range and the inflection point time T are divided into a first group of data; the measurement data between the inflection point time T and the end time of the predetermined time range are divided into a second group of data;

[0017] Alternatively, the inflection point time is a time range, also called an inflection point time range, the moment T when the sun reaches the maximum altitude angle during the sampling day, the inflection point time range is [Tt, T+t], t>0min; the data before the inflection point time range and the data within the inflection point time range are the first set of data, and the data after the inflection point time range and the data within the inflection point time range are the second set of data.

[0018] Preferably, the first set of data and the second set of data are respectively subjected to linear regression processing to obtain a ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel composed of the first sub-model and the second sub-model.

[0019] Preferably, the first group of data is processed by Lorentz linear regression to obtain a first sub-model, and the second group of data is processed by Logistic linear regression to obtain a second sub-model.

[0020] Preferably, 20min≤t≤60min.

[0021] A method for obtaining the real-time average brightness value of ground scenery outside a tunnel,

[0022] The method for constructing a brightness model of ground scenery outside the tunnel is used to establish a brightness model of ground scenery outside the tunnel;

[0023] The real-time value of solar radiation illumination is obtained, and the brightness model of the ground scenery outside the tunnel is input to obtain the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scenery.

[0024] Preferably, the real-time value of direct solar radiation illuminance and the real-time value of scattered solar radiation illuminance at the geographical location of the tunnel are collected, and the real-time value of the solar radiation illuminance is calculated based on the real-time value of the direct solar radiation illuminance and the real-time value of the scattered solar radiation illuminance.

[0025] A method for obtaining the real-time average brightness value of ground scenery outside a tunnel,

[0026] The method for constructing a brightness model of ground scenery outside the tunnel is used to establish a brightness model of ground scenery outside the tunnel;

[0027] The current time and the real-time value of the solar radiation illuminance of the geographical location of the tunnel are obtained. If the current time is less than or equal to the inflection point time, the real-time value of the solar radiation illuminance is input into the first sub-model of the brightness model of the scenery outside the tunnel to obtain the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scenery; if the current time is greater than the inflection point time, the real-time value of the solar radiation illuminance is input into the second sub-model of the brightness model of the scenery outside the tunnel to obtain the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scenery;

[0028] Alternatively, the longitude and latitude of the geographical location of the tunnel, the current time and the real-time value of the solar radiation illuminance are obtained, and the real-time solar altitude angle h of the geographical location of the tunnel and the maximum solar altitude angle H of the day of the geographical location of the tunnel are obtained based on the longitude and latitude and the current time. If the real-time solar altitude angle h is less than or equal to the maximum solar altitude angle H of the day, the real-time value of the solar radiation illuminance is input into the first sub-model of the brightness model of the scenery outside the tunnel to obtain the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scenery; if the real-time solar altitude angle h is greater than the maximum solar altitude angle H of the day, the real-time value of the solar radiation illuminance is input into the second sub-model of the brightness model of the scenery outside the tunnel to obtain the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scenery.

[0029] Preferably, the real-time value of direct solar radiation illuminance and the real-time value of scattered solar radiation illuminance at the geographical location of the tunnel are collected, and the real-time value of the solar radiation illuminance is calculated based on the real-time value of the direct solar radiation illuminance and the real-time value of the scattered solar radiation illuminance.

[0030] A method for calculating the brightness outside a tunnel.

[0031] Brightness outside the tunnel L 20 =K s ·∑K sw L γα +K G ·L G Formula 1

[0032] In formula 1: K s L is the area ratio of the sky within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel; γα K is the brightness of each sky block within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel; sw K is the percentage of each sky block within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel to the total sky area; G L is the area ratio of the ground scenery within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel; G L is the average brightness of the ground scene within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel. G It is obtained by the method for obtaining the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scenery outside the tunnel.

[0033] Preferably, the brightness L of each sky block within the preset field of view of an observer at a predetermined position outside the tunnel is γα , calculated by the CIE universal sky brightness model: obtain the longitude and latitude of the tunnel's geographical location, the current time and the real-time value of direct solar radiation illumination, and use the CIE universal sky brightness model to obtain the brightness L of each sky block within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel γα .

[0034] A tunnel lighting control system includes a control unit and a tunnel lighting device, wherein the control unit executes the tunnel outside brightness calculation method to obtain the tunnel outside brightness L 20 The real-time value of the tunnel lighting control system is based on the tunnel outside brightness L 20 The real-time value is used to adjust the lighting inside the tunnel.

[0035] Preferably, the tunnel in-hole lighting control system includes a small meteorological station for collecting solar radiation illumination in real time. The small meteorological station is connected to the control unit and is arranged at the geographical location of the tunnel.

[0036] Preferably, the small meteorological station comprises a direct radiation illuminometer for collecting direct solar radiation illuminance at the tunnel location and a diffuse radiation illuminometer for collecting diffuse solar radiation illuminance.

[0037] A method for controlling lighting in a tunnel comprises the following steps:

[0038] Step 10, obtaining the average brightness of the ground scenery within a preset field of view of an observer at a predetermined position outside the tunnel and the solar radiation illuminance at the geographical location of the tunnel at multiple sampling moments, and constructing a ground scenery brightness model outside the tunnel, wherein the independent variable of the ground scenery brightness model outside the tunnel includes the real-time solar radiation illuminance at the geographical location of the tunnel, and the dependent variable is the average brightness of the ground scenery;

[0039] Step 20, obtain the real-time value of the solar radiation illumination at the geographical location of the tunnel, input the ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel to obtain the average brightness L of the ground scene within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel G The real-time value of

[0040] Step 30, obtaining the brightness L of each sky block within the preset field of view of the observer at a predetermined position outside the tunnel γα ;

[0041] Step 40: The average brightness L of the ground scene within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel is calculated. G The real-time value of and the brightness L of each sky block within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel γα , the tunnel exterior brightness L is calculated 20 The real-time value of

[0042] Step 50: according to the brightness L outside the tunnel 20 The real-time value is used to control the lighting inside the tunnel.

[0043] Preferably, in step 10, the method for constructing a brightness model of ground scenery outside the tunnel is used to establish the brightness model of ground scenery outside the tunnel.

[0044] Preferably, in step 40, the tunnel exterior brightness L 20 The calculation formula is:

[0045] Brightness outside the tunnel L 20 =K s ·∑K sw L γα +K G ·L G

[0046] Where: K s K is the area ratio of the sky within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel; sw K is the percentage of each sky block within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel to the total sky area; G It is the area ratio of the ground scenery within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel.

[0047] Preferably, in step 30, the longitude and latitude of the geographical location of the tunnel, the current time and the real-time value of the direct solar radiation illumination are obtained, and the brightness L of each sky block within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel is obtained by the CIE universal sky brightness model. γα .

[0048] The method for constructing the brightness model of the ground scenery outside the tunnel of the present invention is simple and easy to operate. It establishes a corresponding relationship between the solar radiation illumination and the average brightness of the ground scenery outside the tunnel. It can monitor the brightness of the ground scenery outside the tunnel in real time and accurately, providing a basis for accurate control of the lighting in the tunnel.

[0049] In addition, the method for constructing the brightness model of ground scenery outside the tunnel groups the data according to the inflection point time, and constructs a corresponding sub-model based on each group of data, which greatly improves the accuracy of the model.

[0050] In addition, the inflection point time is a time range (inflection point time range), which allows the time when the sun reaches the maximum altitude angle every day to fluctuate within a certain range, which can significantly improve the compatibility and accuracy of the constructed tunnel exterior scene brightness model.

[0051] The method for obtaining the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scenery outside the tunnel of the present invention can accurately obtain the average brightness of the ground scenery outside the tunnel by applying the method for constructing a brightness model of the ground scenery outside the tunnel.

[0052] The method for calculating the brightness outside a tunnel of the present invention can accurately calculate the brightness outside the tunnel and provide a basis for accurate control of the lighting inside the tunnel.

[0053] The tunnel lighting control system and method of the present invention can obtain the real-time brightness outside the tunnel according to the real-time solar radiation illumination at the geographical location of the tunnel, and accurately control the lighting inside the tunnel according to the real-time brightness outside the tunnel, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing safety hazards and saving energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the parking sight distance outside the tunnel and the 20° field of view range of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 is a curve diagram showing the variation of the average brightness of the ground scenery outside the tunnel and the solar radiation illumination in the second embodiment of the tunnel outside measurement calculation method of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 It is a curve graph obtained by static Lorentz linear regression processing of the morning group data in the second embodiment of the tunnel outside measurement calculation method of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 It is a curve chart obtained by static logistic linear regression processing of afternoon group data in the second embodiment of the tunnel outside measurement calculation method of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the small weather station of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The following embodiments are combined with the drawings to further illustrate the specific implementation of the tunnel outside ground scene brightness model, brightness calculation method and system of the present invention. The tunnel outside ground scene brightness model, brightness calculation method and system of the present invention are not limited to the description of the following embodiments.

[0060] The present invention discloses a method for constructing a brightness model of ground scenery outside a tunnel, which comprises the following steps:

[0061] Step 1, obtaining measurement data of at least one sampling day, the measurement data including the average brightness of ground scenery within a preset field of view of an observer at a predetermined position outside the tunnel and the solar radiation illuminance at the geographical location of the tunnel at multiple sampling moments within a predetermined time range within the sampling day;

[0062] Step 2: Establish a ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel based on the acquired data; the independent variable of the ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel includes the real-time solar radiation illumination at the geographical location of the tunnel, and the dependent variable is the average brightness of the ground scene.

[0063] The method for constructing a brightness model of ground scenery outside a tunnel of the present invention is simple and easy to operate, and establishes a corresponding relationship between solar radiation illumination and the average brightness of ground scenery outside the tunnel. It can monitor the brightness of ground scenery outside the tunnel in real time and accurately, and provide a basis for accurate control of lighting in the tunnel.

[0064] The following is an embodiment of a method for constructing a brightness model of ground scenery outside a tunnel according to the present invention.

[0065] The method for constructing a brightness model of ground scenery outside a tunnel in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0066] Step 1, obtain the measurement data of a sampling day, the measurement data includes the average brightness of the ground scene within the preset viewing angle range of the observer at a predetermined position and the solar radiation illumination of the environment where the tunnel is located at multiple sampling moments within the preset time range of the sampling day (preferably n sampling moments within the preset time range of the sampling day and n≥20, n preferably ≥30). Further, the average brightness of the ground scene = the brightness of each ground scene × the corresponding area ratio (that is, the ratio of the area of ​​each ground scene to the area of ​​all ground scenes), and the sampling and calculation method of the average brightness of the ground scene outside the tunnel is a prior art in the field and will not be repeated here.

[0067] Preferably, the starting time of the preset time range is between sunrise time and 12:00 noon at the location of the tunnel, and the ending time is between 12:00 noon and sunset time at the location of the tunnel. Further, the starting time of the preset time range is between 8:00-9:00, and the ending time is between 16:00-18:00, which is conducive to obtaining effective measurement data. Of course, the starting time and the ending time can also be earlier or later.

[0068] The observer is the driver, the predetermined position is the parking sight distance Lsj outside the tunnel and 1.5m above the ground, and the preset field of view range is a 20° field of view range.

[0069] The n sampling moments are preferably evenly distributed within the preset time range. Of course, the n sampling moments may also be unevenly distributed within the preset time range.

[0070] The more the number of sampling moments is, the more conducive it is for the model to approach the real situation, but based on the sampling work and data processing, the value range of n is preferably [30,40]. In addition, measurement data of multiple sampling days can also be obtained.

[0071] Step 2: Establish a ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel based on the acquired measurement data; this embodiment uses Origin data analysis software for fitting processing, and the independent variable of the ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel includes the real-time solar radiation illumination at the geographical location of the tunnel, and the dependent variable is the average brightness of the ground scene. Of course, software such as Matlab can also be used for fitting processing.

[0072] Preferably, step 2 comprises the following sub-steps:

[0073] Step 2a, divide the measurement data within the preset time range into at least two groups of data according to continuous time segments on the sampling day (that is, there are at least two continuous time segments on the sampling day, for example, the preset time range is 8:00-17:00, and the preset time range is divided into two continuous time segments, namely the first time segment and the second time segment, the first time segment is 8:00-12:00, and the second time segment is 12:00-17:00), and establish at least two groups of sub-models based on the at least two groups of data, the independent variables of the two groups of sub-models include the real-time solar radiation illumination of the geographical location of the tunnel, and the dependent variable is the average brightness of the ground scenery.

[0074] In this embodiment, an inflection point time is selected within the preset time range of the sampling day, and the measured data of the sampling day is divided into two groups of data, namely the first group of data and the second group of data. The two groups of data are fitted to obtain two groups of sub-models, and the first sub-model is established based on the first group of data, and the second sub-model is established based on the second group of data. The independent variables of the first sub-model and the second sub-model both include the real-time solar radiation illuminance of the geographical location of the tunnel, and the dependent variables are both the average brightness of the ground scene. When the data obtained in step 1 are plotted as a curve of the average brightness of the ground scene with the solar radiation illuminance, it is found that the average brightness of the ground scene has an obvious piecewise function relationship with the solar radiation illuminance, so the inflection point time is set to divide the data into the morning group data and the afternoon group data and perform linear regression respectively.

[0075] Preferably, the inflection point time is the moment T when the sun reaches the maximum altitude angle during the sampling day, also called the inflection point moment T; the measurement data between the start time of the predetermined time range and the inflection point moment T are divided into a first group of data, also called morning data; the measurement data between the inflection point moment T and the end time of the predetermined time range are divided into a second group of data, also called afternoon data.

[0076] Preferably, the inflection point time is a time range, called the inflection point time range, and the multiple data collected within the inflection point time range are divided into both the first group of data and the second group of data to improve the accuracy of the model. During the sampling day, the moment T when the sun reaches the maximum altitude angle, the inflection point time range is [Tt, T+t], preferably 20min≤t≤60min, further preferably 20min≤t≤40min, and further preferably t is 30min; the data before the inflection point time range and the data within the inflection point time range are the first group of data, also called the morning group data, and the data after the inflection point time range and the data within the inflection point time range are the second group of data, also called the afternoon group data. Within the inflection point time range, the average brightness change value of the solar radiation illumination and the ground scenery is within 0-5%, which can also be said to remain basically unchanged. In the method for constructing the brightness model of the ground scenery outside the tunnel of this embodiment, the inflection point time is a time range (inflection point time range), and the moment when the sun reaches the maximum altitude angle every day is allowed to fluctuate within a certain range, which can significantly improve the compatibility and accuracy of the constructed tunnel outside scenery brightness model.

[0077] Preferably, the sampling time distribution density between the start time of the predetermined time range and the inflection point time is the same as the sampling time distribution density between the inflection point time and the end time of the predetermined time range, and is greater than the sampling time distribution density within the inflection point time range. That is, the interval time for collecting data within the inflection point time range is longer and the collection frequency is lower.

[0078] Step 2b, the first group of data (morning group of data) and the second group of data (afternoon group of data) are respectively subjected to linear regression processing to obtain a ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel consisting of a first sub-model and a second sub-model; preferably, the fitting degrees of the first sub-model and the second sub-model of the ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel are both ≥ 0.8; the independent variables of the first sub-model and the second sub-model of the ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel are both the real-time solar radiation illuminance E at the geographical location of the tunnel, and the dependent variables are both the average brightness of the ground scene.

[0079] Preferably, the morning group data and the afternoon group data are processed by linear regression using Origin data analysis software.

[0080] Preferably, the first group of data (morning group of data) is subjected to Lorentz linear regression processing to obtain the first sub-model.

[0081] Preferably, the second group of data (afternoon group of data) is processed by Logistic linear regression to obtain a second sub-model.

[0082] The brightness model of the ground scenery outside the tunnel is a piecewise function, with the maximum solar altitude angle at the geographical location of the tunnel as the dividing point.

[0083] As another embodiment, the brightness model of the ground scenery outside the tunnel of the present invention can also be constructed in the following manner: obtain the average brightness of the ground scenery outside the tunnel at enough sampling times and the solar radiation illuminance data of the geographical location of the tunnel, such as the measurement data of multiple sampling days (preferably ≥3 sampling days and the weather type of each sampling day is different, for example, the measurement data of sampling days of different weather types such as sunny days, cloudy days, cloudy weather, rainy days, etc. can be collected), and the obtained data is input into the neural network model for deep learning to obtain a model with the real-time solar radiation illuminance of the geographical location of the tunnel as the input variable and the average brightness of the ground scenery outside the tunnel as the output variable. It should be pointed out that when using the method of the above embodiment, it is necessary to obtain as many groups of data as possible. The more data, the faster the learning speed of the neural network model and the more reliable the model operation.

[0084] As other embodiments, the brightness model of the ground scenery outside the tunnel of the present invention can also be constructed in the following way: In this embodiment, the data obtained in step 1 is directly subjected to nonlinear regression processing to obtain a mathematical model with the real-time solar radiation illumination at the geographical location of the tunnel as the input variable and the average brightness of the ground scenery outside the tunnel as the output variable.

[0085] The above-mentioned method for constructing a ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel is used to establish a ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel. This embodiment also provides a method for obtaining the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scene outside the tunnel, obtaining the real-time value of the solar radiation illumination, inputting the scene brightness model outside the tunnel, and obtaining the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scene. Based on the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scene, the brightness L of each sky block within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel is obtained. γα , that is, the brightness outside the tunnel L can be calculated 20 The real-time value can be used to accurately control the lighting brightness in the tunnel, thereby reducing safety hazards and saving energy.

[0086] Preferably, if the ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel is the ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel composed of the first sub-model and the second sub-model, the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scene is obtained through the following steps.

[0087] Method 1 is: obtain the current time and real-time value of solar radiation illuminance of the geographical location of the tunnel; if the current time is less than or equal to the inflection point time (the current time is less than the inflection point time means that the current time is earlier than the inflection point time, and the current time is equal to the inflection point time means that the current time coincides with the inflection point time or is within the inflection point time), then input the real-time value of solar radiation illuminance into the first sub-model of the brightness model of the scenery outside the tunnel to obtain the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scenery; if the current time is greater than the inflection point time, then input the real-time value of solar radiation illuminance into the second sub-model of the brightness model of the scenery outside the tunnel to obtain the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scenery.

[0088] Method 2 is: obtaining the longitude and latitude of the geographical location of the tunnel, the current time and the real-time value of the solar radiation illuminance, obtaining the real-time solar altitude angle h of the geographical location of the tunnel and the maximum solar altitude angle H of the day of the geographical location of the tunnel based on the longitude and latitude and the current time, if the real-time solar altitude angle h is less than or equal to the maximum solar altitude angle H of the day, then the real-time value of the solar radiation illuminance is input into the first sub-model of the brightness model of the scenery outside the tunnel, and the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scenery is obtained; if the real-time solar altitude angle h is greater than the maximum solar altitude angle H of the day, then the real-time value of the solar radiation illuminance is input into the second sub-model of the brightness model of the scenery outside the tunnel, and the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scenery is obtained.

[0089] The present invention also discloses a method for calculating the brightness outside a tunnel, which uses the brightness model of ground scenery outside the tunnel:

[0090] Brightness outside the tunnel L 20 =K s ·∑K sw L γα +K G ·L G Formula 1

[0091] In formula 1: K s L is the area ratio of the sky within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel; γα K is the brightness of the sky block within the driver's preset field of view at the predetermined position outside the tunnel; sw K is the percentage of each sky block within the driver's preset field of view at the predetermined position outside the tunnel to the total sky area; G L is the area ratio of the ground scenery within the driver's preset field of view at the predetermined position outside the tunnel; G It is the average brightness of the ground scenery within the driver's preset field of view at a predetermined position outside the tunnel.

[0092] Among them, K s , K sw , K GTo determine the value, the image within the preset field of view of the driver at the parking sight distance outside the tunnel can be obtained by division.

[0093] The brightness L of each sky block within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel is obtained. γα The method can adopt the existing technology. In this embodiment, the brightness L of each sky block within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel γα , calculated by the CIE universal sky brightness model. Obtain the longitude and latitude of the tunnel's geographical location, the current time, and the real-time value of direct solar radiation illumination, and use the CIE universal sky brightness model to obtain the brightness L of each sky block within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel. γα .

[0094] L G The real-time value of the solar radiation illumination at the geographical location of the tunnel is obtained by calculating the ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel, and the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scene can be obtained by inputting the ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel. G .

[0095] The predetermined position is the parking sight distance outside the tunnel and is 1.5m above the road surface. The preset field of view is a 20° field of view, and the observer is the driver.

[0096] The brightness L of each sky block within the 20° field of view of the driver at the parking sight distance outside the tunnel in this embodiment is γα , calculated using the CIE general sky brightness model:

[0097]

[0098] χ=arc cos(cosZ s ·cos Z+sin Z s ·sin Z·cos|α-α s |) Formula 3

[0099]

[0100]

[0101] In formula 2-5, a, b, c and d are standard sky parameters;

[0102] α is the azimuth of the sky calculation point to be calculated;

[0103] α s is the azimuth of the sun;

[0104] χ is the shortest angular distance between the sky calculation point to be calculated and the sun;

[0105] Z is the angular distance between the sky calculation point to be calculated and the zenith;

[0106] Z s is the angular distance between the sun and the zenith;

[0107] L z is the zenith brightness, obtained according to the zenith brightness model;

[0108] a, b, c, d, α, α s , χ, Z, Z s To determine the value, after determining the longitude and latitude of the tunnel's geographical location and each sky block within the driver's 20° preset field of view at the parking sight distance outside the tunnel, the current time can be obtained. z is the zenith brightness, based on the sky clarity T L Select different zenith brightness models, and you can get L through the zenith brightness model. z Zenith brightness, the sky clarity T L It can be obtained based on the current time, direct solar radiation illuminance (also called direct normal irradiance) and the longitude and latitude of the tunnel's geographical location, which is the prior art in the field.

[0109] For example, as shown in the following table, the sky clarity T L Select different zenith brightness models to calculate L z is the zenith brightness. Sky clarity T L It can be calculated by formula 6.

[0110] Table 0:

[0111]

[0112] In Table 0, T L Indicates the sky clarity. The sky clarity calculation formula is as follows:

[0113] T L =(lnE eo -lnE esn )(α r m) -1 Formula 6

[0114] In formula 6:

[0115] E eo =1370W / m 2 ;

[0116] α r =(0.94+0.9m) -1 ;

[0117] m is the absolute air mass,

[0118] Sun altitude angle γ s =90°-∈ s ;

[0119] ∈ s is the solar zenith angle, which can be obtained based on the time and the longitude and latitude of the tunnel’s geographical location, E esn is the direct normal irradiance on the earth's surface, that is, the collected direct solar radiation, through ∈ s and real-time direct solar radiation to obtain the sky clarity T L .

[0120] Of course, E. esn It can also be calculated by the Bouguer-Lambert law of the solar flux in a direct beam reaching the Earth's surface versus wavelength X. The direct normal irradiance is calculated by the following equation, integrated over the entire wavelength range (X):

[0121]

[0122] E eo (X) is the solar constant at the mean distance between the sun and the earth;

[0123] In formula 7:

[0124] S is the distance between the Earth and the Sun. eo The parameter to normalize the change of , a(X) is the total extinction coefficient per unit air mass as a function of X, that is, a(λ)

[0125] The CIE sky panel block azimuth, zenith angle and altitude angle are recorded in Tables 1a-1c.

[0126] Table 1a:

[0127]

[0128]

[0129] Table 1b:

[0130]

[0131]

[0132] Table 1c:

[0133]

[0134] Table 2: CIE 15 standard general sky model parameters

[0135]

[0136]

[0137] Therefore, it is only necessary to obtain the longitude and latitude of the tunnel, the sun position information at the test time, the direct solar irradiance of the tunnel's geographical location, and the number of the sky block within the 20° field of view of the driver's parking sight distance to determine the sky clarity. There is a corresponding relationship between the sky clarity value and the sky type. The sky type is determined by the sky clarity, and then the sky parameters are determined, which include the values ​​of the standard sky parameters a, b, c, d, and e. The zenith brightness model can be determined to calculate the zenith brightness, and the brightness L of each sky block within the 20° viewing angle at the driver's parking sight distance outside the tunnel can be calculated. γα The longitude and latitude of the tunnel are fixed values. The current time is obtained. Based on the longitude and latitude and the current time, the sun position information can be obtained. The direct solar irradiance is collected by the device, and the brightness L of each sky block within the 20° viewing angle range at the driver's parking sight distance outside the tunnel can be calculated. γa .

[0138] The present invention also provides another method for calculating the brightness L of each sky block within the 20° field of view of the driver at the parking sight distance outside the tunnel. γα The method is as follows:

[0139] Sky clarity T L Calculated by the following formula:

[0140]

[0141] In formula 11, H t is the unobstructed hemispherical irradiance of the horizontal surface of the ground (that is, the solar radiation irradiance measured by a small meteorological station), H O is the extraterrestrial solar irradiance.

[0142] Extraterrestrial solar irradiance H O Calculated by the following formula:

[0143]

[0144] In formula 12, is the latitude of the test site; δ is the solar declination angle; ω is the solar incidence hour angle.

[0145] The solar declination angle δ is calculated by the following formula:

[0146]

[0147] In Formula 13, N is the day number of the current day in a year. The serial number of January 1 is 1, the serial number of January 2 is 2, ... the serial number of February 1 is 32, the serial number of February 2 is 33, and so on.

[0148] The solar incidence hour angle ω (rad) is calculated by the following formula:

[0149]

[0150] In formula 14: t represents the minute number of the test time within the 24-hour time range starting from 00:00. For example, the minute number of 00:00 is 0, the minute number of 00:01 is 1, and so on. The minute number of 07:00 in the morning is 420, the minute number of 10:00 is 600, and so on; t sr The minute number of the current day's sunrise time, calculated from 00:00 in the 24-hour system, is based on the same principle as above.

[0151] Solar irradiance outside the atmosphere I O , unit is kW / m 2 , calculated by the following formula:

[0152]

[0153] In formula 15: I sc is the solar constant, a relatively stable value, and is published by the World Meteorological Organization as 1.367Wh / m 2 .

[0154] According to the above calculation process, the sky clarity T at the test time can be obtained. L , also known as real-time sky clarity, determines the sky type of the CIE sky model based on the sky clarity.

[0155] In the prior art, the process of accurately deriving the sky type is very complicated. First, it is necessary to scan the brightness of 145 pieces of sky one by one, and then normalize them according to the brightness values, and compare them with 15 sky type standard values ​​to determine which type of the 15 sky types the current sky belongs to. The above process has many calculation steps and a large amount of calculation. Therefore, this embodiment is simplified as follows: The CIE sky model has 15 sky types, of which 1-5 are cloudy, 6-10 are semi-sunny, and 11-15 are sunny; this embodiment simply classifies the 15 sky types of the CIE sky model, as follows: when the sky type belongs to sunny, the abcde values ​​corresponding to the 13th sky type are used to calculate the sky brightness; when the sky type belongs to cloudy, the abcde values ​​corresponding to the 3rd sky type are used to calculate the sky brightness; when the sky belongs to semi-sunny, the abcde values ​​corresponding to the 8th sky type are used to calculate the sky brightness.

[0156] Specifically, the sky type and sky clarity T of the CIE sky model L The corresponding relationship is as follows:

[0157]

[0158] The following will take the tunnel of Beijing Luhua Road Tunnel with a driving direction from south to north (hereinafter referred to as the tunnel to be tested) as an example to illustrate the method for constructing a ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel and the method for calculating the brightness outside the tunnel of the present invention.

[0159] like Figure 1 As shown, the tunnel to be tested is oriented 15° north-west, and the height of the tunnel to be tested is Hsd; according to the provisions of "Highway Tunnel Lighting Design Specifications" JTG / TD70 / 2-01-2014, the tunnel outside brightness L20 refers to the brightness at a stopping sight distance (Lsj) outside the tunnel entrance, 1.5m above the road surface ( Figure 1 The average brightness of the environment within the 20° field of view facing the tunnel entrance at point A in the middle; within the 20° field of view of the driver at the stopping sight distance of the tunnel to be tested, the sky area accounts for 40% and the ground scenery accounts for 60%.

[0160] First, the average brightness of the ground scenery within a 20° field of view at the driver's parking sight distance outside the tunnel to be tested and the solar radiation illuminance at the geographical location of the tunnel to be tested are obtained at multiple sampling moments to construct a ground scenery brightness model outside the tunnel of the tunnel to be tested.

[0161] Step 1, measurement data on a sampling day, the measurement data including 37 sampling moments within a predetermined time range (9:20-17:00) (in groups 1-15, two adjacent groups are separated by 10 minutes; in groups 15-17, two adjacent groups are separated by 15 minutes; in groups 17 and 18, the interval is 30 minutes; in groups 18-20, two adjacent groups are separated by 15 minutes; in groups 20-24, two adjacent groups are separated by 10 minutes; in groups 24-26, two adjacent groups are separated by 15 minutes; in groups 26 and 27, the interval is 30 minutes; in groups 27 and 28, the interval is 20 minutes; in groups 28-37, two adjacent groups are separated by 10 minutes), the average brightness of ground scenery within a 20° field of view at the driver's parking sight distance outside the tunnel and the solar radiation illumination of the environment where the Luhua Road Tunnel is located.

[0162] Table 3: Area proportion of various ground scenes outside the tunnel

[0163] Scenery name Ground scenery area ratio Building 13％ the way 40.5％ Cave entrance 13％ Gate structure 40.5％

[0164] The area ratios of the sky and the ground scenery, as well as the area ratios of each scene in the ground scenery are determined by the following method: a photo is taken at the parking sight distance outside the tunnel to be tested and a 20° field of view is circled on the photo, the 20° field of view is divided into a sky part and a ground scenery part using the boundary between the sky and the ground scenery as the dividing line, and image analysis software is used to obtain the area ratios of the sky part and the ground scenery part, as well as the area ratios of each scene in the ground scenery.

[0165] When collecting the average brightness of ground scenes, measure the brightness of each ground scene separately (preferably measure multiple times and take the average value), and then sum the brightness of each ground scene × the corresponding area ratio to obtain the average brightness of the ground scene. For example: at time t0, the brightness of the building is LD1, the brightness of the road is LD2, the brightness of the cave entrance is LD3, and the brightness of the cave door structure is LD4, then the average brightness of the ground scene = LD1×13%+LD2×40.5%+LD3×13%+LD4×40.5%.

[0166] Table 4: The average brightness of the ground scenery outside the tunnel and the solar irradiance at the geographical location of the tunnel at the 37 sampling times collected in step 1 within the preset time range (from 09:20 to 17:00) on the sampling day (solar radiation irradiance = direct solar radiation irradiance and scattered solar radiation irradiance. During actual measurement, the direct solar radiation irradiance and the scattered solar radiation irradiance can be measured separately and summed to obtain the solar radiation irradiance). The ground scenery includes buildings, roads, cave entrances and portal structures, which account for 13%, 40.5%, 13% and 40.5% of the total area of ​​the ground scenery, respectively.

[0167]

[0168]

[0169]

[0170]

[0171]

[0172]

[0173]

[0174]

[0175]

[0176]

[0177] Step 2, based on the average brightness of the ground scenery outside the tunnel to be tested at multiple sampling moments obtained in step 1 and the solar radiation illumination data of the geographical location of the tunnel to be tested, construct a ground scenery brightness model outside the tunnel to be tested; it includes the following sub-steps:

[0178] Step 2a, during the sampling day, the time when the sun reaches the maximum altitude angle is 12:00, and the inflection point time range is 11:30-12:30; the data before the inflection point time range and the data within the inflection point time range are the morning group data (the first group of data), and the data after the inflection point time range and the data within the inflection point time range are the afternoon group data (the second group of data).

[0179] like Figure 2 As shown, using Origin data analysis software, based on the data obtained in step 1 (that is, the data provided in Table 4), a curve of the average brightness of the ground scenery outside the tunnel and the change of solar radiation illuminance is drawn. It can be seen that there is an obvious piecewise function relationship between the average brightness of the ground scenery outside the tunnel and the solar radiation illuminance. Therefore, the data obtained in step 1 are grouped in step 2a.

[0180] Step 2b, the morning group data and the afternoon group data are respectively subjected to linear regression processing to obtain a first sub-model and a second sub-model, as follows:

[0181] like Figure 3 , as shown in Table 5a and Table 5b, are the results of Lorentz linear regression processing of the morning group data. The degree of fit is greater than 0.8 and the difference is significant, which is statistically significant.

[0182] Table 5a:

[0183]

[0184]

[0185] Table 5b:

[0186] value Standard error t-value Probability>|t| Relevance y0 4647.89051 171.66364 27.07557 6.57337E-30 0.98596 xc 597.83711 65.52809 9.12337 6.92601E-12 0.99016 w 354.71375 134.02164 2.64669 0.01109 0.97076 A -761976.97604 472933.96119 -1.61117 0.11398 0.99736 H 1367.55229 359.13774

[0187] like Figure 4 , as shown in Table 6a and Table 6b, are the results of Logistic linear regression processing of the afternoon group data. The degree of fit is greater than 0.8 and the difference is significant, which is statistically significant.

[0188] Table 6a:

[0189] Ground scene brightness Points 50 Degrees of Freedom 51 Reduced Chi-Sqr 133824.58992 Residual sum of squares 6825054.05039 R-squared (COD) 0.82536 Adjusted R-squared 0.81509 Fitting status Success (100)

[0190] Table 6b:

[0191] value Standard error t-value Probability>|t| Relevance A1 1075.30513 240.48168 4.47146 4.35689E-5 0.93954 A2 9016.86227 12525.75287 0.71987 0.47489 0.9996 x0 1260.75515 972.7726 1.29604 0.2008 0.99974 p 3.37719 1.7563 1.9229 0.06009 0.99602 EC20 836.29216 475.61001 EC50 1260.75515 972.7726 EC80 1900.6558 1860.68003 EC10 657.77167 299.00297 EC90 2416.49724 2661.43404

[0192] Through the above processing, the ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel is obtained, and the fitting degree of the ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel is ≥0.8, as shown in the following piecewise function. Taking the maximum solar altitude angle of the day at the geographical location of the tunnel as the dividing point, when the real-time solar altitude angle of the geographical location of the tunnel is h≤H, the relationship between the average brightness of the ground scene outside the tunnel and the real-time solar radiation illuminance E outside the tunnel conforms to the first section function (i.e., the first sub-model), and when the real-time solar altitude angle of the geographical location of the tunnel is h>H, the relationship between the average brightness of the ground scene outside the tunnel and the real-time solar radiation illuminance E outside the tunnel conforms to the second section function (i.e., the second sub-model):

[0193]

[0194] In formula 6:

[0195] E is the real-time solar radiation illumination outside the tunnel;

[0196] h is the real-time solar altitude angle at the geographical location of the tunnel;

[0197] H is the maximum solar altitude angle of the day at the geographical location of the tunnel;

[0198] A, W, a, b, x0, x c , y0, and p are all dimensionless parameters.

[0199] The real-time solar altitude angle h at the geographical location of the tunnel is calculated according to the following formula:

[0200] h=arcsin(sinδ·sinφ+cosδ·cosφ·cosτ) Equation 7

[0201] In formula 7:

[0202] δ—real-time declination angle of the tunnel’s geographical location;

[0203] φ—the latitude of the geographical location of the tunnel;

[0204] τ—The solar hour angle of the tunnel’s geographical location.

[0205] δ = arcsin{0.39795cos[0.98563(N-173)]} Formula 8

[0206] In formula 8:

[0207] N is the serial number of the current day in the year. January 1 is number 1, January 2 is number 2...February 1 is number 32, February 2 is number 33, and so on.

[0208] τ=15(St-12) Formula 9

[0209] In formula 9:

[0210] St is true solar time, measured in 24 hours.

[0211] H=90°±(φ-δ) Formula 10

[0212] A, W, a, b, x0, x c , y0 and p, the values ​​of each dimensionless parameter are shown in Tables 5b and 6b.

[0213] That is, based on the current time and the longitude and latitude of the geographical location of the tunnel, the real-time solar altitude angle h of the geographical location of the tunnel and the maximum solar altitude angle H of the day can be obtained. When h≤H, the first function (i.e., the first sub-model) is used to calculate the average brightness of the ground scenery outside the tunnel based on the real-time solar radiation illuminance E outside the tunnel. When h>H, the second function (i.e., the second sub-model) is used to calculate the average brightness of the ground scenery outside the tunnel.

[0214] Second, the current time and real-time value of solar radiation illumination of the geographical location of the tunnel to be tested are obtained, and the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scenery outside the tunnel of the tunnel to be tested is calculated based on the brightness model of the ground scenery outside the tunnel of the tunnel to be tested. The solar radiation illumination is calculated based on the real-time value of direct solar radiation illumination and the real-time value of scattered solar radiation illumination.

[0215] According to the CIE universal sky brightness model, the real-time value of the brightness of each sky block within the 20° field of view at the stopping sight distance of the tunnel to be tested is calculated. Specifically: according to the orientation of the tunnel to be tested, combined with the geographical location characteristics of the tunnel to be tested, the structural characteristics of the tunnel to be tested (for example, whether it is a sunken tunnel or a mountain tunnel, etc.) and the sky block distribution map, it is determined that the sky blocks observed by the driver within the 20° viewing angle range at the stopping sight distance of the tunnel to be tested are: the right 1 / 3 of the No. 15 sky block, the entire No. 16 sky block and the left 1 / 3 of the No. 17 sky block; then, according to the CIE sky facet block azimuth, zenith angle and altitude angle recorded in Tables 1a-1c, the sky clarity T is calculated based on the current time of the geographical location of the tunnel to be tested and the real-time value of the direct solar radiation illuminance. L , based on the sky clarity T L The corresponding sky type is obtained, and based on the sky type, the CIE 15 standard general sky model parameters recorded in Table 2 are used to calculate the brightness of each sky block (that is, the brightness of sky blocks No. 15, 16, and 17) through the CIE universal sky brightness model.

[0216] Third, based on the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scenery outside the tunnel of the tunnel to be tested and the real-time value of the brightness of each sky block within the 20° field of view at the driver's parking sight distance outside the tunnel of the tunnel to be tested, the brightness L20 outside the tunnel of the tunnel to be tested is calculated by Formula 1. The calculation method is shown in Formula 1.

[0217] like Figure 5 As shown, the present invention also discloses a tunnel lighting control system, including a control unit 3 and a tunnel lighting device, wherein the control unit 3 executes the tunnel outside brightness calculation method of the present invention to obtain the tunnel outside brightness L 20 The real-time value of the tunnel lighting control system is based on the tunnel outside brightness L 20 The real-time value is used to adjust the lighting inside the tunnel.

[0218] The present invention also discloses a system for calculating the brightness outside a tunnel, which comprises a control unit 3 for executing the method for calculating the brightness outside a tunnel and a small meteorological station for collecting solar radiation illumination, wherein the small meteorological station is arranged at the geographical location of the tunnel. Figure 5 As shown, the small weather station includes a direct radiation illuminance meter 1 for collecting direct solar radiation illuminance at the geographical location of the tunnel and a scattered radiation illuminance meter 2 for collecting scattered solar radiation illuminance, which are respectively connected to a control unit 3. Further, the control unit 3 is preferably arranged in a small weather station, and the small weather station also includes a support frame 4 for supporting the control unit 3, the direct radiation illuminance meter 1 and the scattered radiation illuminance meter 2. Further, the control unit 3 is also connected to the lighting equipment in the tunnel, and the lighting equipment in the tunnel collects the illuminance according to the brightness L outside the tunnel. 20 The real-time value controls the lighting intensity in the tunnel; of course, the control unit 3 can also set the brightness L outside the tunnel 20 The real-time value is transmitted to the controller of the lighting system in the tunnel to indirectly adjust the lighting intensity in the tunnel.

[0219] The tunnel exterior brightness calculation system of the present invention has a simple structure and low cost, and can accurately calculate the tunnel exterior brightness, thereby providing a reliable and accurate basis for tunnel interior lighting.

[0220] The invention also discloses a method for controlling lighting in a tunnel.

[0221] The tunnel lighting control method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0222] Step 10, obtaining the average brightness of the ground scenery within a preset field of view of an observer at a predetermined position outside the tunnel and the solar radiation illuminance at the geographical location of the tunnel at multiple sampling moments, and constructing a ground scenery brightness model outside the tunnel, wherein the independent variables of the ground scenery brightness model outside the tunnel include the real-time solar radiation illuminance at the geographical location of the tunnel, and the dependent variable is the average brightness of the ground scenery.

[0223] Step 20, obtain the real-time value of the solar radiation illumination at the geographical location of the tunnel, input the ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel to obtain the average brightness L of the ground scene within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel G The real-time value of the solar radiation illuminance can be obtained by collecting the equipment. The solar radiation illuminance in steps 10 and 20 of this embodiment is calculated by collecting direct solar radiation illuminance and scattered solar radiation illuminance. Of course, it can also be collected by other means.

[0224] Step 30, obtaining the brightness L of each sky block within the preset field of view of the observer at a predetermined position outside the tunnel γα Preferably, the current time of the geographical location of the tunnel and the real-time value of direct solar radiation illumination are input into the CIE universal sky brightness model to calculate the brightness L of each sky block within the preset field of view of the observer at a predetermined position outside the tunnel. γα .

[0225] Step 20 and step 30 are preferably performed simultaneously to improve efficiency. Of course, the two can also be performed successively.

[0226] Step 40: The average brightness L of the ground scene within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel is calculated. G The real-time value of and the brightness L of each sky block within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel γα , the tunnel exterior brightness L is calculated 20 The real-time value of .

[0227] In step 40, the brightness outside the tunnel L 20 The calculation formula is:

[0228] Brightness outside the tunnel L 20 =K s ·∑K sw L γα +K G ·L G (That is, the aforementioned formula 1, which will not be repeated)

[0229] Step 50: according to the brightness L outside the tunnel 20Furthermore, the lighting in the tunnel can be controlled by changing the number of lighting devices enabled in the tunnel and / or changing the lighting intensity of the lighting devices and / or enabling different types of lighting devices.

[0230] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or directions or positional relationships that are usually placed when in use, and are only for the convenience of description, rather than indicating that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish descriptions, and cannot be understood as indicating relative importance.

[0231] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a brightness model of ground scenery outside a tunnel, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, obtaining measurement data of at least one sampling day, the measurement data including the average brightness of ground scenes within a preset field of view of an observer at a predetermined position outside the tunnel and the solar radiation illuminance at the geographical location of the tunnel at multiple sampling moments within a predetermined time range of the sampling day; the average brightness of the ground scenes = the sum of the brightness of each ground scene × the corresponding area ratio; Step 2: Establish a ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel based on the acquired data; the independent variable of the ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel includes the real-time solar radiation illumination at the geographical location of the tunnel, and the dependent variable is the average brightness of the ground scene.

2. The method for constructing a brightness model of ground scenery outside a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The starting time of the predetermined time range is between sunrise time and 12:00 noon at the location of the tunnel, and the ending time is between 12:00 noon and sunset time at the location of the tunnel.

3. The method for constructing a brightness model of ground scenery outside a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The predetermined position is the parking sight distance outside the tunnel and is 1.5m above the road surface. The preset field of view is a 20° field of view, and the observer is the driver.

4. The method for constructing a brightness model of ground scenery outside a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 2 includes the following sub-steps: within the sampling day, the measurement data within the preset time range is divided into at least two groups of data according to continuous time segments, and at least two groups of sub-models are established based on the at least two groups of data, the independent variables of the two groups of sub-models include the real-time solar radiation illumination of the geographical location of the tunnel, and the dependent variable is the average brightness of the ground scenery.

5. The method for constructing a brightness model of ground scenery outside a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 2 includes the following sub-steps: selecting an inflection point time within a preset time range on the sampling day, dividing the measured data into two groups of data, namely the first group of data and the second group of data, establishing a first sub-model based on the first group of data, and establishing a second sub-model based on the second group of data, the independent variables of the first sub-model and the second sub-model both include the real-time solar radiation illumination of the geographical location of the tunnel, and the dependent variables are both the average brightness of the ground scenery.

6. The method for constructing a brightness model of ground scenery outside a tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inflection point time is the time T when the sun reaches the maximum altitude angle within the sampling day, also called the inflection point time T. The measurement data between the start time of the predetermined time range and the inflection point time T are divided into the first group of data; the measurement data between the inflection point time T and the end time of the predetermined time range are divided into the second group of data; Alternatively, the inflection point time is a time range, also called an inflection point time range, the moment T when the sun reaches the maximum altitude angle during the sampling day, the inflection point time range is [Tt, T+t], t>0min; the data before the inflection point time range and the data within the inflection point time range are the first set of data, and the data after the inflection point time range and the data within the inflection point time range are the second set of data.

7. The method for constructing a brightness model of ground scenery outside a tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first set of data and the second set of data are respectively subjected to linear regression processing to obtain a ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel composed of a first sub-model and a second sub-model.

8. The method for constructing a brightness model of ground scenery outside a tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first group of data is processed by Lorentz linear regression to obtain a first sub-model, and the second group of data is processed by Logistic linear regression to obtain a second sub-model.

9. The method for constructing a brightness model of ground scenery outside a tunnel according to claim 6, characterized in that: 20min≤t≤60min.

10. A method for obtaining the real-time average brightness value of ground scenery outside a tunnel, characterized in that: Adopting the method for constructing a brightness model of ground scenery outside a tunnel as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, a brightness model of ground scenery outside a tunnel is established; The real-time value of solar radiation illumination is obtained, and the brightness model of the ground scenery outside the tunnel is input to obtain the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scenery.

11. The method for obtaining the real-time average brightness value of the ground scene outside the tunnel according to claim 10, characterized in that: The real-time value of direct solar radiation illuminance and the real-time value of scattered solar radiation illuminance at the geographical location of the tunnel are collected, and the real-time value of the solar radiation illuminance is calculated based on the real-time value of the direct solar radiation illuminance and the real-time value of the scattered solar radiation illuminance.

12. A method for obtaining the real-time average brightness value of ground scenery outside a tunnel, characterized in that: Adopting the method for constructing a brightness model of ground scenery outside the tunnel as described in any one of claims 5 to 9, a brightness model of ground scenery outside the tunnel is established; The current time and the real-time value of the solar radiation illumination of the geographical location of the tunnel are obtained. If the current time is less than or equal to the inflection point time, the real-time value of the solar radiation illumination is input into the first sub-model of the brightness model of the scenery outside the tunnel to obtain the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scenery. If the current time is greater than the inflection point time, the real-time value of the solar radiation illumination is input into the second sub-model of the tunnel exterior scene brightness model to obtain the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scene; Alternatively, the longitude and latitude of the geographical location of the tunnel, the current time and the real-time value of the solar radiation illuminance are obtained, and the real-time solar altitude angle h of the geographical location of the tunnel and the maximum solar altitude angle H of the geographical location of the tunnel on the day are obtained based on the longitude and latitude and the current time. If the real-time solar altitude angle h is less than or equal to the maximum solar altitude angle H of the day, the real-time value of the solar radiation illuminance is input into the first sub-model of the brightness model of the scenery outside the tunnel to obtain the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scenery; If the real-time solar altitude angle h is greater than the maximum solar altitude angle H of the sun on that day, the real-time value of the solar radiation illumination is input into the second sub-model of the tunnel exterior scene brightness model to obtain the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scene.

13. The method for obtaining the real-time average brightness value of the ground scene outside the tunnel according to claim 12, characterized in that: The real-time value of direct solar radiation illuminance and the real-time value of scattered solar radiation illuminance at the geographical location of the tunnel are collected, and the real-time value of the solar radiation illuminance is calculated based on the real-time value of the direct solar radiation illuminance and the real-time value of the scattered solar radiation illuminance.

14. A method for calculating the brightness outside a tunnel. Brightness outside the tunnel L 20 =K s ·ΣK sw L γα +K G ·L G Formula 1 In formula 1: K s L is the area ratio of the sky within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel; γα K is the brightness of each sky block within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel; sw K is the percentage of each sky block within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel to the total sky area; G L is the area ratio of the ground scenery within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel; G It is the average brightness of the ground scene within the preset field of view of an observer at a predetermined position outside the tunnel, characterized by: L G The method for obtaining the real-time value of the average brightness of the ground scenery outside the tunnel as described in claim 10 is obtained.

15. The method for calculating the brightness outside a tunnel according to claim 14, characterized in that: The brightness L of each sky block within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel γα , calculated by the CIE universal sky brightness model: obtain the longitude and latitude of the tunnel's geographical location, the current time and the real-time value of direct solar radiation illumination, and use the CIE universal sky brightness model to obtain the brightness L of each sky block within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel γα .

16. A tunnel lighting control system, comprising a control unit (3) and tunnel lighting equipment, characterized in that: The control unit (3) executes the tunnel outside brightness calculation method according to claim 14 or 15 to obtain the tunnel outside brightness L 20 The real-time value of the tunnel lighting control system is based on the tunnel outside brightness L 20 The real-time value is used to adjust the lighting inside the tunnel.

17. The tunnel lighting control system according to claim 16, characterized in that: The tunnel in-hole lighting control system comprises a small meteorological station for collecting solar radiation illumination in real time. The small meteorological station is connected to the control unit (3) and is arranged at the geographical location of the tunnel.

18. The tunnel lighting control system according to claim 17, characterized in that: The small weather station comprises a direct radiation illuminometer (1) for collecting direct solar radiation illuminance at the tunnel location and a diffuse radiation illuminometer (2) for collecting diffuse solar radiation illuminance.

19. A method for controlling lighting in a tunnel, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 10, obtaining the average brightness of ground scenery within a preset field of view of an observer at a predetermined position outside the tunnel and the solar radiation illuminance at the geographical location of the tunnel at multiple sampling moments, and constructing a ground scenery brightness model outside the tunnel, wherein the independent variable of the ground scenery brightness model outside the tunnel includes the real-time solar radiation illuminance at the geographical location of the tunnel, and the dependent variable is the average brightness of the ground scenery; Step 20, obtain the real-time value of the solar radiation illumination at the geographical location of the tunnel, input the ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel to obtain the average brightness L of the ground scene within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel G The real-time value of Step 30, obtaining the brightness L of each sky block within the preset field of view of the observer at a predetermined position outside the tunnel γα ; Step 40: The average brightness L of the ground scene within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel is calculated. G The real-time value of and the brightness L of each sky block within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel γα , the tunnel exterior brightness L is calculated 20 The real-time value of Step 50: according to the brightness L outside the tunnel 20 The real-time value is used to control the lighting inside the tunnel.

20. The method for controlling lighting in a tunnel according to claim 19, characterized in that: In step 10, the ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel is established by using the method for constructing a ground scene brightness model outside the tunnel as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

21. The method for controlling lighting in a tunnel according to claim 19, characterized in that: In step 40, the brightness outside the tunnel L 20 The calculation formula is: Brightness outside the tunnel L 20 =K s ·ΣK sw L γα +K G ·L G Where: K s K is the area ratio of the sky within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel; sw K is the percentage of each sky block within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel to the total sky area; G It is the area ratio of the ground scenery within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel.

22. The method for controlling lighting in a tunnel according to claim 21, characterized in that: In step 30, the longitude and latitude of the geographical location of the tunnel, the current time and the real-time value of direct solar radiation illumination are obtained, and the brightness L of each sky block within the preset field of view of the observer at the predetermined position outside the tunnel is obtained through the CIE universal sky brightness model. γα .

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