Casing coking abnormal flow sound testing device and testing method

Abstract

The application discloses a casing coking abnormal flow sound testing device and testing method. The device is used for collecting acoustic emission signals of coking abnormal flow sound waves in different size casings under different flow rates through simulation. The device comprises a gas conveying unit, a flow rate control unit and a casing coking simulation unit. The gas conveying unit is used for providing gas flow to simulate fluid in actual working conditions. The flow rate control unit adjusts the flow of the gas flow to simulate different flow rates of the gas flow. The casing coking simulation unit is provided with casings with different diameters of inner pipes at the end of a gas conveying pipeline. The outer wall and / or the inner wall of the inner pipe is adhered with coking materials to simulate coking conditions in the casings. A wave guiding sensing unit guides acoustic emission signals of simulated coking positions to the outside of the casings and collects the acoustic emission signals. The device and the method can be used for acoustic testing of casings with different sizes and different coking materials under different flow rates, and provide a basis for identifying coking abnormal flow sound signals of casings with different sizes under different flow rates.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of safety monitoring of petrochemical equipment, and in particular to a casing coking abnormal flow acoustic testing device and a testing method. Background Art

[0002] Coking is a common phenomenon in chemical processes such as crude oil catalytic cracking (FCC), methanol to olefins (MTO), and gas to olefins (GTO). Coking refers to the formation of carbon deposits within the active centers and pores of the catalyst, resulting in reduced or even complete loss of catalyst activity. The mixture of catalyst and high-temperature oil and gas is separated in a cyclone separator and then enters the herringbone baffles of a fractionating tower. The slurry reflux at the bottom of the fractionating tower is responsible for removing excess heat and washing catalyst particles and colloids. Due to the high content of colloids, heavy metals, and heavy olefins in various components of the slurry, it is highly susceptible to transformation upon temperature increase, resulting in coking and impacting the performance of the slurry system. Coking in the slurry system directly causes changes in the composition of organic and inorganic matter, particularly in organic matter. Temperature changes cause the dehydrogenation of high-molecular-weight polymers of alkanes and aromatics in the slurry system to form macromolecular polymers. These polymers react and polymerize with metals and inorganics, ultimately forming coke. In industrial production, coked catalysts must be regenerated by burning before they can be recycled. Therefore, rapid and accurate detection of coking is crucial to improving the catalyst single-pass conversion rate, reducing regenerator energy consumption, improving productivity and saving production costs.

[0003] The detection of coking phenomenon in the prior art relies on process data monitoring to indirectly infer the coking condition of the device, and it is impossible to directly monitor the coking status without stopping production. Acoustic Emission (AE) is a phenomenon in which a transient elastic stress wave is emitted due to the rapid release of energy locally in a material. Acoustic emission detection technology can be used to detect the presence of coking phenomenon. When coking occurs in a device (especially a casing), the abnormal flow of the fluidized material in the casing (including the outer wall of the inner tube and / or in the inner tube) will form an acoustic emission signal of an abnormal sound wave. The environment is complex during on-site detection, and it is necessary to be able to identify the abnormal flow sound signal of coking from a large number of signals. This requires simulation experiments to test the abnormal flow sound waves of coking under different conditions and master the signal characteristics.

[0004] Therefore, an abnormal acoustic wave testing device is urgently needed. Combined with acoustic emission technology, it can simulate different flow velocity environments, test casings of different sizes, and target different coking materials. This device can then detect the characteristic signals of abnormal flow sound caused by casing coking. This provides a basis for identifying abnormal acoustic signals caused by different types of coking. It can also provide specific indicators for the safe range of coking levels during operation, ensuring normal operation under actual operating conditions.

[0005] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a casing coking abnormal flow acoustic test device and test method, which can perform abnormal acoustic wave tests on casings of different sizes and different coking materials at different flow rates, and provide a basis for identifying abnormal flow acoustic signals of casing coking of different sizes at different flow rates.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to a first aspect of the present invention, a casing coking abnormal flow acoustic test device is provided, which is used to collect acoustic emission signals of acoustic waves by simulating abnormal coking flow in casings of different sizes at different flow rates; the device comprises: a gas transmission unit, which is used to provide an airflow to simulate the fluid in actual working conditions; a flow rate control unit, which simulates different flow rates of the airflow by adjusting the flow rate of the airflow; a casing coking simulation unit, which is provided with multiple casings with different inner pipe diameters at the end of the gas transmission pipeline, and the outer wall of the inner pipe and / or the inner wall of the inner pipe are adhered with coking materials to simulate the coking situation in the casing; and a waveguide sensor unit, which guides the acoustic emission signal of the simulated coking position to the outside of the casing and collects the acoustic emission signal.

[0008] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the gas transmission pipeline may include: a first main pipeline and multiple first branch pipelines, used to provide airflow between the inner tube and the outer tube entering the casing, a first flow meter is provided on the first main pipeline, and the airflow rate in each first branch pipeline is controlled separately; a second main pipeline and multiple second branch pipelines, used to provide airflow into the inner tube of the casing, a second flow meter is provided on the second main pipeline, and the airflow rate in each second branch pipeline is controlled separately.

[0009] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the ends of the plurality of first branch pipes can be respectively installed with sleeves having inner pipes of different diameters.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the second main pipeline and the first main pipeline can be arranged in parallel, and the end of the second branch pipeline can be connected to the inner tube of the end sleeve of the first branch pipeline at the corresponding position through a hose.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the gas transmission unit may include a fan and a buffer tank. The airflow generated by the fan enters the buffer tank, and the buffer tank is connected to the first main pipeline and the second main pipeline respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the detection range of the first flow meter can be 0-40m 3 / h; the detection range of the second flow meter can be 0-10m 3 / h.

[0013] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a cover body may be provided on the top of the sleeve, and the cover body and the sleeve may be detachably connected.

[0014] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the waveguide sensing unit includes: a waveguide rod, which derives the acoustic emission signal of the simulated coking position to the outside of the casing; and an acoustic emission sensor, which is arranged at the outer end of the waveguide rod and is used to collect the derived acoustic emission signal.

[0015] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the waveguide probe passes through the outer wall of the sleeve and the inner end of the waveguide probe contacts the outer wall of the inner pipe of the sleeve. The inner end of the waveguide probe can be threadedly connected to the outer wall of the inner pipe of the sleeve.

[0016] According to a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for acoustically testing abnormal flow of coking in casing, comprising the following steps: A. constructing a test pipeline and detecting the air tightness of the pipeline and whether the flowmeter and the acoustic emission sensor are in normal working conditions; B. ventilating the gas transmission pipeline and simultaneously forming an airflow between the inner and outer tubes of the casing and in the inner tube, so that an acoustic emission signal of abnormal airflow is generated at the position where the coking material adheres to the outer wall of the inner tube and the inner wall of the inner tube; and C. exporting the acoustic emission signal to the outside of the casing and collecting the exported acoustic emission signal.

[0017] According to a third aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides another acoustic test method for abnormal flow of coking in casing, comprising the following steps: A. constructing a test pipeline and detecting the air tightness of the pipeline and whether the flow meter and the acoustic emission sensor are in normal working conditions; B. ventilating the gas pipeline to form an airflow only between the inner and outer tubes of the casing, so that an acoustic emission signal of abnormal airflow is generated at the position where the coking material adheres to the outer wall of the inner tube; C. exporting the acoustic emission signal to the outside of the casing and collecting the exported acoustic emission signal.

[0018] According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a third method for acoustic testing of abnormal flow of coking in casing, comprising the following steps: A. constructing a test pipeline and detecting the air tightness of the pipeline and whether the flow meter and the acoustic emission sensor are in normal working conditions; B. ventilating the gas transmission pipeline to form an airflow only in the inner tube of the casing, so that an acoustic emission signal of abnormal airflow is generated at the position where the coking material adheres to the inner wall of the inner tube; C. exporting the acoustic emission signal to the outside of the casing and collecting the exported acoustic emission signal.

[0019] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the air flow rate between the inner and outer pipes of the sleeve and / or in the inner pipe can be adjusted by adjusting the corresponding valves on the first branch pipe and / or the second branch pipe.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1) The test device of the present invention supplies air to the casing through the first main pipe and the second main pipe respectively, which can effectively simulate the actual working conditions of the casing, that is, simulate the fluid between the inner and outer pipes and the fluid in the inner pipe;

[0022] 2) The present invention can realize multiple independent gas supply and control the flow rate by setting the first branch pipe and the second branch pipe. In this way, sleeves with different inner pipe diameters can be installed at the end of the first branch pipe, and continuous testing can be achieved without repeated disassembly during the test process;

[0023] 3) The waveguide probe of the present invention is passed through the outer wall of the sleeve and its inner end is contacted and fixed to the outer wall of the inner tube. This can not only extract and collect the acoustic emission signals of abnormal flow of coking on the outer wall and / or inner wall of the inner tube, but also ensure the stability of the waveguide probe and prevent it from moving due to the influence of airflow;

[0024] 4) The testing method of the present invention can combine different forms of coking materials with different flow rates to simulate the acoustic emission signals of abnormal coking flow in more situations, providing a more sufficient data basis for subsequent acoustic emission signal analysis;

[0025] 5) The testing method of the present invention can perform ventilation tests separately, and can obtain acoustic wave data when coking occurs between the inner and outer tubes and in the inner tube, as well as when coking occurs only between the inner and outer tubes or in the inner tube, thus simulating more and more comprehensive signal types.

[0026] 6) The present invention can collect acoustic emission signals from coking materials of different sizes and shapes (including thicknesses). By combining the multivariate signals of different coking materials, the evolution of acoustic signals of pipeline coking failures during the process is fully understood, laying a theoretical foundation for monitoring and early warning of coking failures during equipment operation. Furthermore, the influencing mechanism of the measured coking failure acoustic signals under different casing sizes and different gas flow rates can be simultaneously observed.

[0027] 7) The device of the present invention has the characteristics of simple structure, flexible operation, and the ability to stop and start testing at any time. It can be widely used in the testing and research of casing coking failures of similar annular casings, with different flow rates, different materials, and different working conditions.

[0028] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it according to the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other purposes, technical features and advantages of the present invention easier to understand, one or more preferred embodiments are listed below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the casing coking abnormal flow acoustic testing device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a side view schematic diagram of the casing coking abnormal flow acoustic testing device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the casing of the present invention (also showing the waveguide rod passing through the casing wall).

[0032] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of the first method for testing abnormal flow sound of casing coking according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 It is a flow chart of the second method for testing abnormal flow sound of casing coking in Example 3 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 It is a flow chart of the third method for testing abnormal flow sound of casing coking in Example 4 of the present invention.

[0035] Description of main reference numerals:

[0036] 1-fan, 2-buffer tank, 3-second flowmeter, 4-casing, 40-cover, 41-outer tube, 42-inner tube, 42A-first inner tube, 42B-second inner tube, 42C-third inner tube, 420-hose connecting part, 5-waveguide rod, 10-base, 11-vertical retaining frame, 12-horizontal retaining frame, 21-first main pipeline, 210-first branch pipeline, 211-first valve, 22-second main pipeline, 220-second branch pipeline, 221-second valve, 222-hose. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments.

[0038] Unless expressly stated otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the term “comprise” or variations such as “include” or “comprising” will be understood to include the stated elements or components but not to exclude other elements or components.

[0039] In this document, for ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "below," "beneath," "down," "above," "above," etc. may be used to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element or feature in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of an object in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the drawings. For example, if the object in the figure is turned over, the element described as being "below" or "below" other elements or features will be oriented "above" the element or feature. Therefore, the exemplary term "below" can include both below and above directions. Objects may also have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or other orientations) and the spatially relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0040] In this document, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish two different elements or parts, and are not used to limit specific positions or relative relationships. In other words, in some embodiments, the terms "first", "second", etc. can also be interchangeable with each other.

[0041] The casing coking abnormal flow acoustic testing device and corresponding testing method of the present invention can simulate the sound waves generated by the coking parts in the casing (including between the inner and outer tubes and in the inner tube) under actual working conditions and collect the acoustic emission signals of the sound waves. It can be used to timely monitor the coking situation when coking occurs between the inner and outer tubes and in the inner tube of the casing, and is used to solve the complex problem of not being able to directly detect the coking situation in the casing under actual industrial working conditions. The present invention utilizes the combination of acoustics and flow field to achieve real-time online reflection of the coking situation of different flow rates and different casing sizes, predict the degree of coking, thereby reducing unnecessary consumption, which is of great significance for ensuring the stable operation of production.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] The casing coking abnormal flow acoustic test device of this embodiment is used to collect acoustic emission signals of acoustic waves by simulating abnormal sound waves generated by coking in casings of different sizes (including between inner and outer pipes and in the inner pipe) at different flow rates. The device includes: a gas transmission unit, a flow rate control unit, a casing coking simulation unit and a waveguide sensor unit. The gas transmission unit is used to provide airflow to simulate the fluid in actual working conditions. Figure 1 、 2As shown, the gas transmission unit may specifically include a fan 1, a buffer tank 2, and corresponding gas transmission pipelines. The fan 1 and the buffer tank 2 are connected by a pipeline, and the fan 1 and the buffer tank 2 are mounted on a base 10 through a matching fixed frame. Rollers are installed at the bottom of the base 10 to facilitate the overall movement of the test device of the present invention. Preferably, but not restrictively, the sleeve in the device of this embodiment can be made of organic glass with the wall thickness as small as possible. The top of the sleeve is sealed, and all connecting gaps are sealed firmly with colloid to avoid the influence of other environmental noise generated when the gas flows through the gap.

[0044] Further Figure 1 As shown, the corresponding gas pipeline may include a first main pipeline 21 and five first branch pipelines 210 connected to the first main pipeline 21. The arrangement of the five first branch pipelines can simulate a casing with different inner pipe diameters at the end of each first branch pipeline 210 ( Figure 1 The gas flow in each first branch pipeline 210 can enter the annular space between the inner tube 42 and the outer tube 41 of the casing 4. Furthermore, the gas transmission pipeline can also include a second main pipeline 22 and five second branch pipelines 220 connected to the second main pipeline 22. The five second branch pipelines 220 are respectively connected to the casing 4 through hoses 222 and communicate with the inner tube 42 of the casing 4 (refer to Figure 3 , the inner tube 42 is connected to the hose 222 via the hose connector 420). Preferably, but not restrictively, the second main pipeline 22 and the first main pipeline 21 can be arranged in parallel to facilitate the installation of the hose. The airflow in each second branch pipeline 220 can enter the inner tube 42 of the casing 4. This airflow is used to simulate the fluid that enters the inner tube laterally under actual working conditions. By setting up multiple branch pipelines, uninterrupted testing can be carried out, that is, there is no need to disassemble and replace the casing after testing an abnormal sound wave simulating coking.

[0045] Further Figure 1 、 2 As shown, a first flow meter (not shown) is provided on the first main pipe 21, and the air flow rate in each first branch pipe 210 can be individually controlled by a first valve 211. The first main pipe 21 can provide a large flow rate and high-speed air flow as needed. Accordingly, the detection range of the first flow meter can be 0-40m 3 / h. A second flow meter 3 is provided on the second main pipe 22. The airflow velocity in each second branch pipe 220 can be individually controlled by a second valve 221. The second main pipe 22 can provide a low-speed airflow with a small flow rate as required. Accordingly, the detection range of the second flow meter can be 0-10m 3 / h. The first main conduit 21 and the second main conduit 22 can be selected based on different testing requirements, allowing ventilation between the inner and outer tubes of the casing and into the inner tube simultaneously, or only between the inner and outer tubes or into the inner tube. Preferably, but not limiting, both the first valve 211 and the second valve 221 can be ball valves.

[0046] Further Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the casing coking simulation unit is a multi-channel casing 4 with different inner tube diameters arranged at the end of the gas transmission pipeline. The bottom of the outer tube 41 of each casing 4 is connected to the corresponding first branch pipe 210, so that the airflow in the first main pipe 21 can control the flow rate through the first valve 211 on the first branch pipe 210, and then enters the annular space between the outer tube 41 and the inner tube 42 of the casing 4. The inner tube 42 is fixed by a cover 40 on the top of the casing. The cover 40 and the casing are detachably connected, and the inner tube 42 of different diameters can be replaced as needed. At the same time, it is convenient to adhere coking materials in the casing. The present invention adheres coking materials to the outer wall and / or the inner wall of the inner tube 42 to simulate the coking situation in the casing 4. Preferably, but not restrictively, the coking material simulating the actual working conditions can adopt various shapes, such as semicircular, crescent, circular, irregular, and other shapes; coking materials of different thicknesses and sizes can also be used. In order to prevent the influence of the material of the coking material on the test, it is controlled within a variable range, and a material similar to the coking material in the pipeline in the actual working conditions can be selected. The coking material adheres to the outer wall and / or the inner wall of the inner tube 42 in the sleeve 4 and is close to the inner end of the waveguide rod 5, which facilitates the accurate collection of the acoustic emission signal of the coking part. Different sleeve sizes and gas flow rates can be arbitrarily combined for testing.

[0047] Further Figure 3 As shown, the waveguide sensing unit includes a waveguide rod 5 and an acoustic emission sensor (not shown in the figure). The waveguide rod 5 exports the acoustic emission signal of the simulated coking position to the outside of the sleeve 4; the acoustic emission sensor is arranged at the outer end of the waveguide rod 5, which is convenient for collecting the exported acoustic emission signal and ensuring the accuracy of the collection result. Preferably, but not restrictively, the waveguide rod 5 can pass through the wall of the outer tube 41 of the sleeve 4 and the inner end of the waveguide rod 5 is in contact with the outer wall of the inner tube 41 of the sleeve 4. Specifically, the installation of the waveguide rod 5 can be carried out as follows: a plurality of 12mm holes are opened on the outer wall of the outer tube 41 of the sleeve 4 to facilitate the insertion of the 10mm inner end of the waveguide rod 5 into the outer wall of the inner tube 42. The gap left by the intersection of the waveguide probe 5 and the wall of the outer tube 41 of the sleeve 4 is tightly sealed with colloid. The inner end of the waveguide probe is made into a threaded shape of about 5 mm, and a corresponding number of 5 mm threaded interfaces are also opened on the outer wall of the inner tube 42. The inner end of the waveguide probe 5 is screwed into the threaded interface, which can effectively fix the waveguide probe so that it will not slide arbitrarily under the action of airflow and affect the detection of the acoustic emission sensor.

[0048] The casing coking abnormal flow acoustic testing device of this embodiment supplies air to the casing through the first main pipeline and the second main pipeline respectively, which can effectively simulate the actual working condition of the casing, that is, simulate the fluid between the inner and outer pipes and the fluid in the inner pipe; through the arrangement of the first branch pipeline and the second branch pipeline, multi-channel separate air supply can be achieved and the flow rate can be controlled, so that casings with different inner pipe diameters can be installed at the end of the first branch pipeline, and continuous testing can be achieved without repeated disassembly during the test; the waveguide rod passes through the outer pipe wall of the casing and makes its inner end contact and fixed on the outer wall of the inner pipe, which can not only export and collect the acoustic emission signals of the abnormal flow of coking on the outer wall of the inner pipe and / or the inner wall of the inner pipe, but also ensure the stability of the waveguide rod to avoid movement due to the influence of airflow.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] This embodiment is a first embodiment of a method for testing abnormal flow sound of casing coking, and provides a testing method using a testing device constructed using Example 1.

[0051] Step S101: Build a test pipeline and test the air tightness of the pipeline and whether the flow meter and acoustic emission sensor are in normal working conditions. Specifically, pre-treat the coking material in the casing 4 in advance, and adhere coking materials to the vicinity of the waveguide rod (including the outer wall of the inner tube 42 and the inner wall of the inner tube 42) inserted by three groups of casings of different sizes (i.e., the first inner tube 42A, the second inner tube 42B, and the third inner tube 42C with different diameters). The shapes of the coking materials are semicircular, circular, crescent-shaped, and irregular, respectively, to simulate the coking conditions of actual working conditions. After adhering the coking materials to the vicinity of the waveguide rod, use a detachable colloid to seal the top cover 40. Check the complete connection of the entire device in Example 1, and whether the various connecting parts are damaged. Check the air tightness of the entire device by starting the fan 1, and check whether the first flow meter and the second flow meter are in normal working conditions; check whether the first valve 211 in each first branch pipe 210 and the second valve 221 in each second branch pipe 220 can work normally to control the flow and flow velocity in the pipe to ensure that the test can proceed normally; the acoustic emission sensor arranged at the outer end of the waveguide rod 5 is first calibrated and subjected to a lead-breaking experiment to ensure that each sensor can normally collect the acoustic emission signal to ensure that the test can proceed normally.

[0052] Step S102: Ventilate the gas pipeline and simultaneously form airflow between the inner and outer tubes of the casing and in the inner tube, so that acoustic emission signals indicating abnormal airflow are generated at the locations where coking materials adhere to the outer and inner walls of the inner tube. Specifically, turn on the switches of the blower 1 and the connected buffer tank 2, and obtain the required airflow velocity by controlling the opening of the first valve 211 and the second valve 221 according to the test requirements. Figure 1Three casings with different inner tube diameters are tested continuously. In this embodiment, air is ventilated between the inner and outer tubes and into the inner tube in each casing at the same time to simulate the situation where there are abnormal flow acoustic emission signals of coking between the inner and outer tubes and in the inner tube.

[0053] Step S103, the acoustic emission signal of step S102 is derived to the outside of the casing and the derived acoustic emission signal is collected. Specifically, the waveguide rod 5 derives the abnormal flow acoustic signal of coking from the casing 4, and the acoustic emission sensor located at the outer end of the waveguide rod 5 collects the acoustic emission signal. The device of the present embodiment can combine different forms of coking materials with different flow rates, then open the acoustic emission acquisition system, collect more possible acoustic signals, and in addition, the data under normal working conditions (i.e., when the coking material is not adhered) and the data under abnormal working conditions can be compared and analyzed. When a group of tests is completed, the first valve 211 and the second valve 221 are adjusted so that the airflow velocity in the corresponding first branch pipe and the second branch pipe is 0, the acoustic emission acquisition data is suspended, and the casing is adhered to a group of different coking materials, and the first valve 211 and the second valve 221 are slowly opened to prepare to enter the next group of data collection.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] This embodiment is a second embodiment of a method for testing abnormal flow sound of casing coking, and provides a testing method using the testing device constructed using Example 1.

[0056] Step S201: Build a test pipeline and check the pipeline airtightness and whether the flow meter and acoustic emission sensor are in normal working condition. The specific method is the same as step S101 in embodiment 2 and will not be repeated here.

[0057] Step S202: ventilate the gas pipeline to form airflow only between the inner and outer tubes of the casing, so that an acoustic emission signal indicating abnormal airflow is generated at the location where the coking material adheres to the outer wall of the inner tube. Specifically, turn on the switch of the blower 1 and the connected buffer tank 2, close the second valve 221 according to the test requirements, and obtain the required airflow rate by controlling the opening of the first valve 211, that is, ventilate between the inner and outer tubes. Figure 1 Three casings with different inner tube diameters are tested continuously. In this embodiment, air is ventilated only between the inner and outer tubes in each casing to simulate the situation where there is abnormal flow acoustic emission signal due to coking between the inner and outer tubes.

[0058] Step S203, the acoustic emission signal of step S202 is derived to the outside of the casing and the derived acoustic emission signal is collected. Specifically, the waveguide rod 5 derives the abnormal flow acoustic signal of coking from the casing 4, and the acoustic emission sensor located at the outer end of the waveguide rod 5 collects the acoustic emission signal. The device of the present embodiment can combine different forms of coking materials with different flow rates, and then open the acoustic emission acquisition system to collect more possible acoustic signals. In addition, the data under normal working conditions (i.e., when the coking material is not adhered) and the data under abnormal working conditions can be compared and analyzed. When a group of tests is completed, the first valve 211 is adjusted so that the airflow velocity in the corresponding first branch pipe is 0, the acoustic emission acquisition data is suspended, and the casing is adhered to a group of different coking materials, and the first valve 211 is slowly opened to prepare for entering the next group of data collection.

[0059] Example 4

[0060] This embodiment is a third embodiment of a method for testing abnormal flow sound of casing coking, and provides a testing method using the testing device constructed using Example 1.

[0061] Step S301: Build a test pipeline and check the pipeline airtightness and whether the flow meter and acoustic emission sensor are in normal working condition. The specific method is the same as step S101 in embodiment 2 and will not be repeated here.

[0062] Step S302: ventilate the gas pipeline to form airflow only in the inner tube of the casing, so that an acoustic emission signal indicating abnormal airflow is generated at the location where the coking material adheres to the inner wall of the inner tube. Specifically, turn on the switch of the blower 1 and the connected buffer tank 2, close the first valve 211 according to the test requirements, and obtain the required airflow rate by controlling the opening of the second valve 221, that is, ventilate only in the inner tube. Figure 1 Three casings with different inner tube diameters are tested continuously. In this embodiment, air is ventilated only into the inner tube of each casing to simulate the acoustic emission signal of abnormal flow of coking in the inner tube.

[0063] Step S303, the acoustic emission signal of step S302 is derived to the outside of the casing and the derived acoustic emission signal is collected. Specifically, the waveguide rod 5 derives the abnormal flow acoustic signal of coking from the casing 4, and the acoustic emission sensor located at the outer end of the waveguide rod 5 collects the acoustic emission signal. The device of the present embodiment can combine different forms of coking materials with different flow velocities, then open the acoustic emission acquisition system to collect more possible acoustic signals. In addition, the data under normal operating conditions (i.e., when the coking material is not adhered) and the data under abnormal operating conditions can be compared and analyzed. When one group of tests is completed, the second valve 221 is adjusted so that the airflow velocity in the corresponding second branch pipe is 0, the acoustic emission acquisition data is suspended, and the casing is adhered to a group of different coking materials, and the second valve 221 is slowly opened to prepare to enter the next group of data collection.

[0064] The test methods of Examples 2 to 4 of the present invention can all combine coking materials of different forms with different flow rates to simulate the acoustic emission signals of abnormal coking flow in more situations, providing a more sufficient data basis for subsequent acoustic wave data analysis; through the separate ventilation tests of Examples 2 to 4, acoustic wave data of coking conditions between the inner and outer tubes and in the inner tube can be obtained, and acoustic wave data of coking conditions only between the inner and outer tubes or in the inner tube can also be obtained, and the simulated signal types are more numerous and sufficient.

[0065] The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are for purposes of illustration and description. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and it is apparent that many changes and variations are possible in light of the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments are selected and described for the purpose of explaining the specific principles of the invention and their practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to realize and utilize a variety of exemplary embodiments of the invention and various options and variations. Any simple modifications, equivalent variations, and modifications made to the exemplary embodiments described above are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A casing coking abnormal flow acoustic testing device, characterized in that: Used to collect acoustic emission signals by simulating abnormal coking flow in casings of different sizes at different flow rates; including: A gas delivery unit, which is used to provide air flow to simulate the fluid in actual working conditions; a flow rate control unit, which adjusts the flow rate of the simulated airflow to different flow rates; A casing coking simulation unit is provided at the end of the gas transmission pipeline, wherein multiple casings with different inner tube diameters are arranged, and coking materials are adhered to the outer wall and / or the inner wall of the inner tube to simulate the coking situation in the casing; A waveguide sensing unit is provided, which guides the acoustic emission signal of the simulated coking position to the outside of the casing and collects the acoustic emission signal; the waveguide sensing unit includes: a waveguide rod, which guides the acoustic emission signal of the simulated coking position to the outside of the casing; an acoustic emission sensor, which is arranged at the outer end of the waveguide rod and is used to collect the guided acoustic emission signal; the waveguide rod penetrates the outer tube wall of the casing and the inner end of the waveguide rod contacts the outer wall of the inner tube of the casing; the inner end of the waveguide rod is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the inner tube of the casing.

2. The casing coking abnormal flow acoustic testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas transmission pipeline comprises: A first main pipe and a plurality of first branch pipes are used to provide airflow between the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the casing, the first main pipe is provided with a first flow meter, and the airflow rate in each of the first branch pipes is independently controlled; The second main pipe and a plurality of second branch pipes are used to provide airflow into the inner pipe of the sleeve. The second main pipe is provided with a second flow meter, and the airflow rate in each second branch pipe is independently controlled.

3. The casing coking abnormal flow acoustic testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ends of the plurality of first branch pipelines are respectively installed with the sleeves having inner pipes of different diameters.

4. The casing coking abnormal flow acoustic testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second main pipeline is arranged in parallel with the first main pipeline, and the end of the second branch pipeline is connected to the inner pipe of the end sleeve of the first branch pipeline at the corresponding position through a hose.

5. The casing coking abnormal flow acoustic testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas transmission unit includes a fan and a buffer tank. The airflow generated by the fan enters the buffer tank, and the buffer tank is connected to the first main pipeline and the second main pipeline respectively.

6. The casing coking abnormal flow acoustic testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detection range of the first flow meter is 0-40 m 3 / h; the detection range of the second flow meter is 0-10 m 3 / h.

7. The casing coking abnormal flow acoustic testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cover is provided on the top of the sleeve, and the cover is detachably connected to the sleeve.

8. A casing coking abnormal flow acoustic testing method, characterized in that: The device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises the following steps: A. Build a test pipeline and test the pipeline's air tightness and ensure that the flow meter and acoustic emission sensor are in normal working condition; B. Ventilate the gas pipeline and simultaneously form airflow between the inner and outer tubes of the casing and in the inner tube, so that acoustic emission signals indicating abnormal airflow are generated at the locations where coking materials adhere to the outer and inner walls of the inner tube; C. Exporting the acoustic emission signal to the outside of the casing and collecting the exported acoustic emission signal.

9. A casing coking abnormal flow acoustic testing method, characterized in that: The device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises the following steps: A. Build a test pipeline and test the pipeline's air tightness and ensure that the flow meter and acoustic emission sensor are in normal working condition; B. Ventilate the gas pipeline to form airflow only between the inner and outer tubes of the casing, so that an acoustic emission signal indicating abnormal airflow is generated at the location where coking material adheres to the outer wall of the inner tube; C. Exporting the acoustic emission signal to the outside of the casing and collecting the exported acoustic emission signal.

10. A casing coking abnormal flow acoustic testing method, characterized in that: The device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises the following steps: A. Build a test pipeline and test the pipeline's air tightness and ensure that the flow meter and acoustic emission sensor are in normal working condition; B. Ventilate the gas pipeline to form airflow only in the inner tube of the casing, so that an acoustic emission signal indicating abnormal airflow is generated at the location where coking material adheres to the inner wall of the inner tube; C. Exporting the acoustic emission signal to the outside of the casing and collecting the exported acoustic emission signal.

11. The casing coking abnormal flow acoustic testing method according to claim 8, 9 or 10, characterized in that: The air flow rate between the inner and outer pipes of the sleeve and / or in the inner pipe is adjusted by adjusting corresponding valves on the first branch pipe and / or the second branch pipe.

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