A terminal antenna coupled to a feed

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a terminal antenna coupled with a feed, relates to the technical field of antennas, and can realize the radiation of a current loop antenna in the form of coupled feeding, so that the setting limitation of the current loop antenna by direct feeding is avoided. The specific scheme is as follows: the radiation branch includes a first radiator and a second radiator, one end of the first radiator is coupled with one end of the second radiator through a third capacitor in series, and the other end of the first radiator away from the second radiator is coupled to a reference ground through a left-hand capacitor; the other end of the second radiator away from the first radiator is coupled with the reference ground; the feed branch is not connected with the radiation branch, the feed branch is arranged between the radiation branch and the reference ground, a feed point is arranged on the feed branch, and the feed branch is used for coupling feeding to the radiation branch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and more particularly to a coupled-fed terminal antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of electronic devices, the environment in which antennas can be installed in these devices is becoming increasingly unsuitable. As a result, typical antenna designs are gradually becoming unable to meet the wireless communication quality requirements of electronic devices.

[0003] Current loop antennas, due to their different operating mechanism from typical antennas, offer greater flexibility in environmental requirements during configuration, thus demonstrating promising development prospects. Common current loop antennas employ direct feeding mechanisms, which, due to their high space requirements, increase the difficulty of configuring them. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a coupled-fed terminal antenna, which can achieve the radiation of a current loop antenna through coupled feeding, thereby avoiding the limitations of direct feeding on the setting of the current loop antenna.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, a coupled-fed terminal antenna is provided, exemplarily, which can be a current loop antenna. The radiating stub includes a first radiator and a second radiator. One end of the first radiator is coupled to one end of the second radiator via a series-connected third capacitor. The other end of the first radiator, away from the second radiator, is coupled to a reference ground via a left-handed capacitor. The other end of the second radiator, away from the first radiator, is coupled to the reference ground. The feeding stub is not connected to the radiating stub, and is disposed between the radiating stub and the reference ground. A feeding point is provided on the feeding stub, which is used to couple power to the radiating stub.

[0007] Based on this scheme, a current loop antenna with spatial coupling is provided. In this example, the current loop antenna can be a left-handed current loop antenna. In this example, the feed stub can be used for coupled feeding. This feed stub can be set between the radiating stub and the reference ground. Since the feed stub can be fed through spatial coupling, it is not connected to the radiating stub. In some implementations, a capacitor C3 can be connected in series with the radiating stub. C3 divides the radiating stub into two radiating segments, such as a first radiating segment and a second radiating segment. The other end of the first radiating segment (such as L8) can be grounded through the left-handed capacitor, which can be used to excite the left-handed mode. The other end of the second radiating segment (such as L9) can be directly grounded. By setting the capacitor C3, a uniform and unidirectional magnetic field is formed near the antenna when the radiating stub is working, such as between the antenna radiating segment and the reference ground, thus obtaining the radiation characteristics of the current loop antenna.

[0008] In one possible design, one or more third capacitors are connected in series on the radiating stub; other radiators are also disposed between the first and second radiators, and the first, second, and other radiators are coupled together by the third capacitors connected in series. When the antenna operates in the 450MHz-1GHz frequency band, the capacitance value of the third capacitor is set within [2pF, 25pF]. When the antenna operates in the 1GHz-3GHz frequency band, the capacitance value of the third capacitor is set within [0.8pF, 12pF]. When the antenna operates in the 3GHz-10GHz frequency band, the capacitance value of the third capacitor is set within [0.2pF, 8pF]. Based on this scheme, a possible tuning frequency band scheme is provided. This example provides the size limits of the capacitors connected in series on the radiators for different operating frequency bands, thereby ensuring the efficient radiation of the current loop antenna. Generally speaking, the more capacitors connected in series on the radiators, the more uniform the magnetic field distribution can be, thus improving the radiation efficiency of the current loop antenna.

[0009] In one possible design, the feed stub includes a first feed section and a second feed section. One end of the first feed section is coupled to one end of the feed point, and one end of the second feed section is coupled to the other end of the feed point. The first and second feed sections are axially symmetrical about the longitudinal axis of the feed point. The other ends of the first and second feed sections, away from the feed point, are respectively coupled to a reference ground. Based on this scheme, a possible configuration of the feed stub is provided. The feed stub with this structure can effectively excite the radiating stub in the above example to radiate with current loop antenna radiation characteristics.

[0010] In one possible design, the ends of the first and second feed sections away from the feed point are respectively coupled to a reference ground, including: the ends of the first and second feed sections away from the feed point are respectively coupled to the reference ground via capacitors. Based on this scheme, a possible configuration of the feed stub is provided. The feed stub with this structure can effectively excite the radiating stub in the above example to radiate with current loop antenna radiation characteristics.

[0011] In one possible design, the feed stub includes a third feed section, a first end of which is coupled to one end of the feed point, a second end of which is coupled to a reference ground, and the other end of the feed point is coupled to an RF microstrip line. Based on this scheme, a possible configuration of the feed stub is provided. A feed stub with this structure can effectively excite the radiating stub in the above example to radiate with current loop antenna radiation characteristics.

[0012] In one possible design, at least one capacitor is connected in series with the third feed section, including at least one fourth capacitor, which is located at the center of the coupling portion between the third feed section and the radiating stub. Based on this scheme, a possible configuration of the feed stub is provided. The feed stub with this structure can effectively excite the radiating stub in the above example to radiate with current loop antenna radiation characteristics.

[0013] In one possible design, the second end of the third feed section is coupled to the reference ground via a tuning device, which includes at least one of the following: a capacitor, an inductor, and a resistor. Based on this scheme, a possible configuration of the feed stub is provided. The feed stub with this structure can effectively excite the radiating stub in the above example to radiate with current loop antenna radiation characteristics.

[0014] In one possible design, the distance between the first end and the second end of the third feed section is less than the projected length of the third feed section on the radiating stub. Based on this scheme, a possible configuration of the feed stub is provided. The feed stub with this structure can effectively excite the radiating stub in the above example to radiate with current loop antenna radiation characteristics.

[0015] In one possible design, at least one capacitor is connected in series with the third feed section, including at least one fifth capacitor, which is located at the center of the coupling portion between the third feed section and the radiating stub. Based on this scheme, a possible configuration of the feed stub is provided. The feed stub with this structure can effectively excite the radiating stub in the above example to radiate with current loop antenna radiation characteristics.

[0016] In one possible design, at least one capacitor connected in series on the third feed section further includes a sixth capacitor and a seventh capacitor respectively disposed on either side of the fifth capacitor. Based on this scheme, a possible configuration of the feed stub is provided. The feed stub with this structure can effectively excite the radiating stub in the above example to radiate with current loop antenna radiation characteristics.

[0017] In one possible design, the port impedance of the terminal antenna differs depending on the size of the feed stub. Based on this approach, an example of a scheme for adjusting the port impedance of the current loop antenna is provided. For instance, the port impedance of the terminal antenna can be adjusted by changing the size of the feed stub.

[0018] In one possible design, the feed stub is used to excite the radiating stub to radiate with the characteristics of a current loop antenna, wherein when the terminal antenna is operating, there is a uniform magnetic field near the radiating stub. Based on this scheme, an example of the magnetic field distribution characteristics of a current loop antenna is provided. It is understood that antennas with this magnetic field distribution characteristic should be included within the scope of the current loop antennas provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0019] In one possible design, when the terminal antenna is operating, the current flowing in the radiating stub is in a first direction, and the current flowing in the reference ground is in a second direction, the first direction being opposite to the second direction. The current flowing in the feed stub is in the second direction. Based on this scheme, an example of current distribution on the antenna during coupled feeding is provided. For example, the current in the radiating stub can form a closed current loop with the current between the radiating stub and the reference ground through the capacitors at both ends. During coupled feeding, the current direction in the feed stub can be opposite to the current direction in the radiating stub.

[0020] In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising at least one processor, a radio frequency module, and a terminal antenna as described in the first aspect and any possible design thereof, such as a coupled-fed current loop antenna. The electronic device transmits or receives signals via the radio frequency module and the terminal antenna when transmitting or receiving signals.

[0021] It should be understood that the technical features of the technical solutions provided in the second aspect above can all be corresponded to the terminal antennas provided in the first aspect and its possible designs, so the beneficial effects that can be achieved are similar, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the current of an ILA antenna;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field of an ILA antenna.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the current of a current loop ILA antenna;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the magnetic field of a current loop ILA antenna;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the composition of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic diagram illustrating the composition of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a reference coordinate system provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 8 A current diagram of a current loop antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the magnetic field of a current loop antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 10 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a feed stub for coupling feed in a current loop antenna.

[0032] Figure 11 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a feed stub for coupling feed in a current loop antenna.

[0033] Figure 12A A schematic diagram showing the installation position of a current loop antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 12B A schematic diagram illustrating one type of current loop antenna provided in this application embodiment;

[0035] Figure 13A A schematic diagram illustrating the composition of a current loop monopole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 13B A schematic diagram of a current loop monopole antenna installed in an electronic device, provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the current distribution of a current loop monopole antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the magnetic field distribution of a current loop monopole antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the S-parameters of a current loop monopole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 17 A simulation diagram illustrating the efficiency of a current loop monopole antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 18 A schematic diagram of S11 parameters for a current loop monopole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 19 A Smith diagram of a current loop monopole antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 20 A simulation diagram illustrating the efficiency of a current loop monopole antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 21 A schematic diagram of S11 parameters for a current loop monopole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 22 A schematic diagram illustrating the composition of a current loop monopole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 23A A schematic diagram illustrating the composition of a current loop dipole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 23B A schematic diagram illustrating the arrangement of a current loop dipole antenna in an electronic device, as provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 24 A schematic diagram of the current distribution of a current loop dipole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 25 A schematic diagram of the magnetic field distribution of a current loop dipole antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 26 A schematic diagram of the S-parameters of a current loop dipole antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 27 A simulation diagram illustrating the efficiency of a current loop dipole antenna provided in this application embodiment;

[0052] Figure 28 A schematic diagram illustrating the composition of a current loop monopole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 29A A schematic diagram illustrating the composition of a current loop slot antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 29B A schematic diagram of a current loop slot antenna installed in an electronic device, provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 30 A schematic diagram of the current distribution of a current loop slot antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 31 A schematic diagram of the magnetic field distribution of a current loop slot antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 32 A schematic diagram of the S-parameters of a current loop slot antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 33 A simulation diagram illustrating the efficiency of a current loop slot antenna provided in this application embodiment;

[0059] Figure 34 A schematic diagram illustrating the composition of a current loop monopole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 35A A schematic diagram illustrating the composition of a current loop left-handed antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 35B A schematic diagram illustrating the installation of a current loop left-handed antenna in an electronic device, as provided in this application embodiment;

[0062] Figure 36 A schematic diagram of the current distribution of a left-handed antenna with a current loop provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 37 A schematic diagram of the magnetic field distribution of a current loop left-handed antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0064] Figure 38 A schematic diagram of the S-parameters of a current loop left-handed antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0065] Figure 39 A simulation diagram illustrating the efficiency of a left-handed antenna with a current loop provided in this application embodiment;

[0066] Figure 40 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of a current loop monopole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0067] Electronic devices can achieve their wireless communication functions by setting one or more antennas.

[0068] Generally speaking, antennas in electronic devices can take many forms. For example, antennas in electronic devices can include monopoles, dipoles, and other similar forms.

[0069] For example, consider the inverted-L antenna (ILA). An ILA antenna can be a type of monopole antenna. When operating, the ILA antenna can generate at least one resonance within its corresponding operating frequency band based on the size of its radiator. The length of the ILA antenna's radiator can correspond to one-quarter of the wavelength of the operating frequency band. In other words, the ILA antenna can achieve frequency band coverage by operating at one-quarter of the wavelength.

[0070] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution of an ILA antenna. It can be seen that on the radiator of the ILA antenna, there are points with strong current and points with weak current. At the points with strong current, the electric field is weak and the magnetic field is strong. Correspondingly, at the points with weak current, the electric field is strong and the magnetic field is weak. Due to the potential difference between the points with strong current and points with weak current, the electric field and magnetic field can be distributed as follows on the ILA antenna. Figure 1 The current is shown. Generally, taking the feed point located at one end of the ILA antenna radiator as an example, the end of the radiator where the feed point is located is a high current point, while the other end, which is different from the feed point, is a low current point.

[0071] Based on such Figure 1 The current distribution shown is as follows: Figure 2 The diagram shows the magnetic field distribution of the ILA antenna during operation. It can be seen that the magnetic field is stronger near the end of the radiator closer to the feed point, while the magnetic field is weaker near the end farther from the feed point.

[0072] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 The explanation is understandable: when a typical antenna (such as a monopole) is operating, different intensities of current can be excited at different locations on the antenna's radiator, thus causing the antenna to operate in a corresponding mode. For example... Figure 1 The 1 / 4 wavelength mode shown is used to obtain the resonant coverage of the corresponding frequency band, thereby realizing the transmission and reception of wireless signals in the operating frequency band. When currents of different intensities are distributed on the radiator of the antenna, the electric / magnetic field distributed in the space near the antenna is also non-uniform.

[0073] Unlike typical antennas, the current loop antenna, as a novel antenna form, employs a structure similar to typical antennas, capable of exciting a uniformly distributed magnetic field around the antenna radiator, thereby generating resonance covering the operating frequency band. The excitation method of the current loop antenna differs from that of conventional antennas such as the quarter-wavelength mode, making it simpler to implement and thus less demanding on the environment. With increasingly limited space allocated for antennas in electronic devices, the current loop antenna has become a highly competitive antenna form.

[0074] For example, consider a current-loop ILA antenna. A typical antenna radiator can be connected to a feed point at one end. Unlike a typical ILA antenna, at the end furthest from the feed point, the radiator can be grounded via a capacitor. This achieves the effect of exciting a uniform magnetic field near the ILA antenna, thus realizing the radiation effect of a current-loop ILA antenna.

[0075] Figure 3 This illustrates one current distribution configuration for a current loop ILA antenna. For example... Figure 3 As shown, on a current loop ILA antenna, the current on the antenna radiator can form a closed current loop with the current on the nearby reference ground (such as the current on the side of the reference ground near the antenna), thus forming the characteristic of a "current loop". Figure 4 The magnetic field distribution near the current loop ILA antenna is shown. It can be seen that a uniform magnetic field distribution is formed near the antenna radiator. In this embodiment, a uniform magnetic field distribution can mean that the magnetic field strength generated by the antenna radiation is close to or the same at the same distance from the current loop antenna radiator.

[0076] It should be understood that, Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 Only a schematic diagram of the current loop antenna based on the ILA antenna and its operation are shown. In other scenarios, based on commonly used antennas, such as other forms of monopole antennas, dipole antennas, slot antennas, left-handed antennas, etc., the antenna can be made to have the radiation characteristics of a current loop antenna through simple structural modifications.

[0077] Those skilled in the art should understand that the power supply configuration is crucial for the antenna's setup and normal operation. This configuration includes both the type and location of the power supply.

[0078] Taking the feeding method as an example, the feeding method can include direct feeding (or simply direct feeding) and coupled feeding in different scenarios. When using direct feeding for the antenna, it can be achieved through a feeding component. One end of the feeding component can be coupled to the microstrip line connecting to the RF end for transmitting / receiving signals, and the other end can be coupled to the antenna radiator. In this way, the feeding component can transmit signals from the RF end to the antenna radiator for radiation, or transmit signals received by the antenna to the RF end for processing. In some implementations, the feeding component can be rigidly connected to the antenna radiator using conductive springs, pins, or other components. In other implementations, the feeding component can also achieve electrical signal conduction between the microstrip line and the antenna radiator through processes such as soldering.

[0079] As can be seen, regardless of the specific implementation of direct feed, sufficient space needs to be reserved between the microstrip line and the antenna radiator to accommodate the feeding components. Furthermore, the design of the feeding components also requires high precision to achieve good feeding. In contrast, coupled feeding can excite the current on the antenna radiator through electric field coupling / magnetic field coupling. Therefore, it eliminates the need for physical components (such as the feeding components) to be directly coupled to the antenna radiator. This allows the antenna to operate even when space constraints prevent direct coupling between the feeding components and the antenna radiator.

[0080] In the aforementioned explanation, Figures 1-4 Each antenna is equipped with a feeding component (as shown in the figure) to achieve direct feeding. However, there is currently no good technical solution that can excite a current loop antenna through coupled feeding. This limits the use of current loop antennas.

[0081] To address the aforementioned issues, the coupling feeding mechanism provided in this application embodiment can effectively excite the antenna radiator to radiate with the characteristics of a current loop antenna under different radiator scenarios, such as exciting the antenna radiator to generate a uniform magnetic field for radiation. This achieves coupled feeding of the current loop antenna.

[0082] It should be noted that the coupling feeding scheme provided in this application embodiment can be applied to different current loop antennas. Such as current loop monopole antennas based on monopole antennas (e.g., current loop ILA antennas), current loop dipole antennas based on dipole antennas, current loop left-handed antennas based on left-handed antennas, and current loop slot antennas based on slot antennas, etc.

[0083] The following, in conjunction with examples and accompanying drawings, provides a detailed description of the coupling feed scheme provided in the embodiments of this application and its specific application in different current loop antennas.

[0084] First, the installation environment of the current loop antenna used in the coupling feeding scheme provided in the embodiments of this application will be described.

[0085] The current loop antenna described in this application can be used in a user's electronic device to support its wireless communication functions. For example, the electronic device can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) device, media player, or other portable mobile device. It can also be a wearable electronic device such as a smartwatch. This application does not impose any special limitations on the specific form of the device.

[0086] Please refer to Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 500 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device 500 provided in this application embodiment can be arranged in the following order from top to bottom along the z-axis: screen and cover plate 501, metal housing 502, internal structure 503, and back cover 504.

[0087] The screen and cover 501 can be used to realize the display function of the electronic device. The metal housing 502 can serve as the main frame of the electronic device 500, providing rigid support for the electronic device 500. The internal structure 503 can include a collection of electronic and mechanical components that realize the various functions of the electronic device 500. For example, the internal structure 503 can include shielding covers, screws, reinforcing ribs, etc. The back cover 504 can be the rear exterior surface of the electronic device 500, and in different implementations, the back cover 504 can include glass, ceramic, plastic, etc.

[0088] The current loop antenna scheme provided in this application embodiment can be applied to, for example... Figure 5 In the illustrated electronic device 500, the current loop antenna is used to support the wireless communication function of the electronic device 500. For example, the current loop antenna can be disposed on the metal housing 502 of the electronic device 500. Alternatively, the current loop antenna can be disposed on the rear cover 504 of the electronic device 500, etc.

[0089] As an example, consider the metal housing 502 with a metal frame architecture. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the composition of a metal casing 502 is shown. In this example, the metal casing can be made of a metallic material, such as an aluminum alloy. Figure 6 As shown, a reference ground can be provided on the metal casing. This reference ground can be a large-area, solid metal material, used to provide most of the rigid support while providing a zero-potential reference for the various electronic components. In... Figure 6In the example shown, a metal frame can also be provided around the reference ground. This metal frame can be a complete closed metal frame, or it can be as follows: Figure 6 The image shows a metal frame interrupted by one or more gaps. For example, in... Figure 6 In the example, gaps 1, 2, and 3 can be set at different locations on the metal frame. These gaps can break the metal frame, thereby obtaining independent metal stubs. In some embodiments, some or all of these metal stubs can be used as radiating stubs of an antenna, thereby achieving structural reuse in the antenna setup process and reducing the difficulty of antenna setup. When the metal stubs are used as radiating stubs of an antenna, the positions of the gaps set at one or both ends of the metal stubs can be flexibly selected according to the antenna setup.

[0090] In such Figure 6 In the examples shown, one or more metal pins may also be provided on the metal frame. In some examples, the metal pins may have screw holes for securing other structural components with screws. In other examples, the metal pins may be coupled to a feed point so that when the metal stub connected to the metal pin is used as a radiating stub of the antenna, power can be supplied to the antenna through the metal pin. In still other examples, the metal pins may also be coupled to other electronic components to achieve corresponding electrical connection functions.

[0091] This example also illustrates the arrangement of a printed circuit board (PCB) on a metal casing. It uses a main board and subboard design as an example. In other examples, the main board and subboard can be connected, such as in an L-shaped PCB design. In some embodiments of this application, the main board (e.g., PCB1) can be used to carry electronic components that implement the various functions of the electronic device 500, such as a processor, memory, and radio frequency modules. The subboard (e.g., PCB2) can also be used to carry electronic components, such as a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface and related circuitry, a speaker box, etc. Furthermore, the subboard can also be used to carry radio frequency circuitry corresponding to an antenna located at the bottom (i.e., the negative y-axis portion of the electronic device).

[0092] The coupled-fed current loop antennas provided in the embodiments of this application can all be applied to devices with, for example, […]. Figure 5 or Figure 6 The electronic device shown is composed of...

[0093] The electronic device 500 in the above example is only one possible configuration. In other embodiments of this application, the electronic device 500 may also have other configurations. For example, to realize the wireless communication function of the electronic device 500, the electronic device may be equipped with... Figure 7 The communication module shown may include an antenna, a radio frequency (RF) module that interacts with the antenna, and a processor that interacts with the RF module. For example, the signal interaction between the RF module and the antenna may be analog signal interaction. The signal interaction between the RF module and the processor may be analog or digital signal interaction. In some implementations, the processor may be a baseband processor.

[0094] like Figure 7 As shown, in this example, the antenna can include different forms. For example, it can include a current loop antenna. As one possible implementation, the current loop antenna can be fed by a coupled feed.

[0095] For ease of explanation, the following examples all use the rear view of the corresponding electronic device as an example. For instance, in the rear view of the electronic device, the rear camera module can be located in the upper left corner. Taking this rear camera module as a reference, the horizontal direction away from the rear camera module can be the positive x-axis direction, corresponding to the right. Conversely, the horizontal direction closer to the rear camera module can be the negative x-axis direction, corresponding to the left. The rear camera module can be located on the positive y-axis part of the electronic device, corresponding to the upward direction. Conversely, the opposite direction to the positive y-axis is the negative y-axis direction, corresponding to the downward direction. Based on the above x-axis and y-axis settings, the positive z-axis direction is the direction that projects from the back of the electronic device to the front (i.e., the display screen), corresponding to the inward direction. Conversely, the negative z-axis direction is the direction that projects from the front of the electronic device to the back, corresponding to the outward direction. The following descriptions all use... Figure 7 The coordinate system settings shown are explained below. It should be noted that the coordinate system settings are for illustrative purposes only and do not constitute any limitation on the coupling power supply scheme provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0096] The following combination Figure 8 and Figure 9 The coupling power supply method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described.

[0097] refer to Figure 8This illustrates the current situation on the current loop antenna under coupled feeding. It can be seen that the coupled-fed current loop antenna provided in this embodiment can include a radiating stub and a feeding stub. The radiating stub is not directly connected to the feed. The feed point is located on the feeding stub. The feeding stub couples energy to the radiating stub through electric / magnetic field coupling, exciting the radiating stub to radiate. The radiating stub can be a radiator capable of current loop radiation.

[0098] When the coupled-fed current loop antenna is operating, the current direction on the radiating stub can be opposite to the current direction on the ground plane (e.g., the ground plane is close to the edge of the current loop antenna). This forms a current loop composed of the radiating stub and the ground plane, resulting in radiation with the characteristics of a current loop antenna. In the embodiments of this application, in order to excite and acquire the aforementioned current loop, at the same time, the current on the feed stub can be opposite to the current on the radiating stub and in the same direction as the current on the reference ground. The feed stub with this characteristic can excite the radiation of the current loop antenna without directly feeding the signal to the radiating stub, thus realizing the radiation of the coupled-fed current loop antenna.

[0099] It should be noted that, in different embodiments, the above-mentioned effect can be achieved by setting series and / or parallel capacitors on the radiating branches. For example, combined with Figure 8 Capacitors can be placed at position 1. The limitations on the location and number of capacitors will be explained in detail in subsequent examples with practical scenarios, and will not be repeated here.

[0100] Figure 9 It gives the following: Figure 8 The image shows the magnetic field distribution of the antenna during operation, based on its current characteristics. It can be seen that a uniform magnetic field is generated near the radiating stub, thus conforming to the radiation characteristics of a current loop antenna. It is understood that the radiating stub of the current loop antenna provided in this embodiment can be equipped with a capacitor (e.g., grounded through a capacitor). Based on the energy storage characteristics of the capacitor, the current distribution difference at different locations on the radiating stub at the same time will not be too large, i.e., a uniform current is generated. Similarly, a uniform current can also be generated on the reference ground, and the direction of this current can be opposite to that of the radiating stub, thereby forming a closed uniform current loop. This allows for the acquisition of a uniformly distributed magnetic field near the radiating stub (e.g., in the region between the radiating stub and the reference ground). This determines the magnetic field distribution through... Figure 7 The coupled feeding of the feed stub shown can successfully excite the radiation of the current loop antenna.

[0101] It should be noted that, Figure 8 as well as Figure 9 The composition shown is intended to illustrate the current distribution characteristics that the coupled power supply scheme provided in the embodiments of this application needs to satisfy. Figure 8 as well as Figure 9 The illustration does not constitute a structural limitation on the radiating stubs and / or feed stubs.

[0102] For example, in the specific design of the radiating stub of the current loop antenna involved in the embodiments of this application, at least one capacitor (such as a first capacitor C1 and / or a second capacitor C2) can be provided at the end, such as... Figure 13A As shown. Here, "end" can refer to an end different from the feed point. For example, when one end of a radiating stub is coupled to a feed point, the other end of the radiating stub can be grounded by setting a first capacitor C1 or C2. Alternatively, if a feed point is located in the middle of a radiating stub, neither of the two endpoints of the radiating stub is coupled to a feed point, and the two endpoints of the radiating stub can be grounded through the first capacitors C1 and C2 respectively.

[0103] The values ​​of the capacitors (such as C1 and C2) at the ends can be determined based on the operating frequency band of the current loop antenna. For example, Table 1 below provides an example of the value ranges of C1 and C2 based on different operating frequency bands.

[0104] Table 1

[0105] Operating frequency band End capacitance range low frequency [1.5pF, 15pF] Intermediate frequency [0.5pF, 15pF] high frequency [1.2pF, 12pF]

[0106] As shown in the examples in Table 1, when the current loop antenna operates in the low band (LB), the values ​​of capacitors C1 and C2 at the ends of the radiating stubs can be within the range of [1.5pF, 15pF]. When the current loop antenna operates in the mid band (MB), the values ​​of capacitors C1 and C2 at the ends of the radiating stubs can be within the range of [0.5pF, 15pF]. When the current loop antenna operates in the high band (HB), the values ​​of capacitors C1 and C2 at the ends of the radiating stubs can be within the range of [1.2pF, 12pF].

[0107] Among them, LB, MB, and HB are low, mid, and high frequency bands, including but not limited to Bluetooth (BT) communication technology, Global Positioning System (GPS) communication technology, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) communication technology, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) communication technology, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) communication technology, Long Term Evolution (LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology, SUB-6G communication technology, and other future communication technologies. The LB band can cover 450MHz-1GHz, the MB band can cover 1GHz-3GHz, and the HB band can cover 3GHz-10GHz, including common frequency bands such as 5G NR, WiFi 6E, and UWB.

[0108] The current loop antenna provided in this application embodiment can further improve the antenna radiation efficiency by connecting one or more third capacitors C3 in series on the radiating stub, thereby making the magnetic field distribution of the excitation more uniform. For example, Table 2 below shows an example of the correspondence between the antenna's operating frequency band and the capacitance value of C3 connected in series on the radiating stub.

[0109] Table 2

[0110] Operating frequency band Range of stub series capacitor C3 low frequency [2pF, 25pF] Intermediate frequency [0.8pF, 12pF] high frequency [0.2pF, 8pF]

[0111] In the examples in Table 2, it can be seen that when the operating frequency band of the current loop antenna is low band (LB), the size of the series capacitor C3 set on the radiating stub can be within [2pF, 25pF], such as... Figure 22 As shown. When the current loop antenna operates in the intermediate frequency (Mid Band, MB) range, the size of the series capacitor C3 placed on the radiating stub can be within the range of [0.8pF, 12pF]. When the current loop antenna operates in the high frequency (High Band, HB) range, the size of the series capacitor C3 placed on the radiating stub can be within the range of [0.2pF, 8pF].

[0112] It should be noted that the examples of capacitor ranges in Tables 1 and 2 above are only examples, and the size of the capacitor can be flexibly set in different environments.

[0113] The current loop antenna provided in this application embodiment can be excited by direct feeding or by coupled feeding. The following is in conjunction with... Figure 10 as well as Figure 11 This application provides examples illustrating possible implementations of the feed stub in the coupled feed configuration provided in its embodiments. It has the following characteristics: Figure 10 as well as Figure 11 The feed branch shown is used in applications such as... Figure 8 or Figure 9 When the antenna shown is in use, it conforms to the following: Figure 8 The current characteristics shown enable coupled feeding of a current loop antenna. For ease of explanation, in... Figure 10 and Figure 11 The description only shows the components of the feeder stub and indicates the location of the reference ground. In actual use, it can be used as follows: Figure 10 or Figure 11 The composition of any type of feed stub is applied to, for example... Figure 8 or Figure 9 The current loop antenna shown is in a coupled-feed scenario.

[0114] refer to Figure 10 This illustrates four possible configurations of the power supply stubs provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0115] like Figure 10 As shown in (a) of the example, the feed stub may include two sub-stubs, such as a first feed section L1 and a second feed section L2. One end of L1 and L2 is coupled to a reference ground. The other end of L1 and L2, which is different from the ground end, is coupled to the positive and negative terminals of the feed point, respectively. In different examples, the lengths of L1 and L2 on either side of the feed point can be different. For example, when the lengths of L1 and L2 are the same, L1 and L2 can be mirror images of each other relative to the feed point, that is, L1 and L2 have an axisymmetric structure relative to the vertical axis of the feed point. Alternatively, when the lengths of L1 and L2 are different, the feed point can also be located slightly to the right or left on the feed stub. It should be noted that in this example implementation, regardless of whether the feed point is located on the left, right, or middle part of the radiating stub, the positive and negative terminals of the feed point will be coupled to the radiator, such as one end coupled to L1 and the other end coupled to L2.

[0116] like Figure 10 As shown in (b) above, another possible implementation of a feed stub is presented. In this example, it is similar to... Figure 10In the scheme shown in (a), the radiator of the feed stub can be divided into two parts by the feed point, such as a first feed section L1 and a second feed section L2. One end of L1 and L2 is coupled to the positive and negative poles of the feed point, respectively. That is, the feed point can be located on the radiating stub (e.g., at the center), and the two ends of the feed point can be coupled to a portion of the radiating stub, respectively. The other ends of L1 and L2 can be grounded through capacitors, respectively. Figure 10 Similar to (a) in the previous example, the specific location of the feed point on the feed stub can be flexible, such as setting it near the left side of the feed stub, or near the right side of the feed stub, or in the middle of the feed stub.

[0117] like Figure 10 As shown in (c), the feed stub may include a radiator, such as a third feed section L3. One end of L3 may be coupled to the feed point. The other end of L3 may be coupled to a reference ground. The scheme provided in this example is simpler to configure and easier to implement than the schemes provided in the examples above. In some embodiments, L3 may form a rectangle or approximately a rectangle with the edge of the reference ground. As one possible implementation, such as... Figure 10 As shown in (c), the distance between the two ends of L3 can be equal to the longer side of the rectangle. It should be noted that in this example implementation, the power supply point can be set at one end of L3. For example... Figure 10 As shown in (c), the feed point can be located at the left end of L3. That is, one end of the feed point can be coupled to the radiator L3, and the other end of the feed point can be coupled to the radio frequency signal line, without needing to be coupled to other radiators.

[0118] like Figure 10 As shown in (d), the feed stub may include a radiator, such as a third feed section L3. One end of L3 may be coupled to a feed point to feed power to the radiator through that end; that is, L3 may be located at one end of the radiator L3. The other end of L3 may be coupled to a reference ground. In this example, unlike... Figure 10 In the structural example of (c) above, a capacitor (such as a fourth capacitor) can also be connected in series with L3. In different embodiments, the position of this fourth capacitor on L3 can be flexibly configured. For example, in some implementations, the fourth capacitor can be located on the left side of L3. In some implementations, the fourth capacitor can also be located on the right side of L3. In some implementations, such as... Figure 10 As shown in (d) in the diagram, the fourth capacitor can also be placed in the middle of L3.

[0119] Having such Figure 10 The diagram shows that any type of feed stub configuration can achieve... Figure 8The current distribution shown excites the radiating branches to radiate with current loop radiation characteristics. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, current loop radiation characteristics can refer to radiation with a uniform magnetic field characteristic generated around the radiator.

[0120] Please refer to Figure 11 This illustrates specific implementation examples of some other power supply branches provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0121] For example, such as Figure 11 As shown in (a) of this application, another possible implementation of a power supply stub is provided in the embodiment of this application. This implementation can be based on, for example... Figure 10 It evolved from (c) in the text. For example... Figure 11 As shown in (a) of this example, the feed stub may also include a radiator, such as a third feed section L3. One end of L3 may be coupled to a feed point, and the other end of L3 may be coupled to a reference ground via a tuning device. That is, the feed point may be located at the end of the radiator L3. The other end of the feed point may not be coupled to the radiator, but may be directly connected to the RF microstrip line. The tuning device may include at least one of the following devices: capacitor, inductor, and resistor. In this example, the feed point and the tuning device may be located at the two ends of L3, respectively. In other implementations, the tuning device may also be located at other locations on L3 different from the feed point. It should be noted that in this example, L3 may form a rectangle or approximately a rectangle with the edge of the reference ground. As one possible implementation, such as Figure 11 As shown in (a), the distance between the two ends of L3 can be equal to the long side of the rectangle, that is, the distance between the two ends of L3 can be equal to the projection length of L3 on the radial branch.

[0122] like Figure 11 As shown in (b) of this application, another possible implementation of a power supply stub is provided in an embodiment of this application. This example is similar to... Figure 11 As shown in (a), the feed stub may also include a radiator, such as a third feed section L3. One end of L3 may be coupled to the feed point, and the other end of L3 may be coupled to a reference ground via a tuning device. Figure 11 The difference in the scheme shown in (a) is that, in this example, the distance between the two ends of L3 can be less than the projected length of L3 on the radiating stub. That is, the distance between the feed end and the ground end is closer, making it closer to the form of a loop antenna.

[0123] like Figure 11 As shown in (c) of this application, another possible implementation of a power supply stub is provided in an embodiment of this application. This example is similar to... Figure 11As shown in (b), the feed stub may also include a radiator, such as a third feed section L3. One end of L3 may be coupled to the feed point, and the other end of L3 may be coupled to a reference ground via a tuning device. The distance between the two ends of L3 may be less than the projected length of L3 on the radiating stub. The difference is that, in this example, a capacitor, such as a fifth capacitor C5, may also be connected in series with L3. In different implementations, C5 may be located at different positions on L3. For example, as shown in (b). Figure 11 As shown in (c), C5 can be set at the lateral center of L3.

[0124] like Figure 11 As shown in (d) in the figure, this is another possible implementation of a power supply stub provided in an embodiment of this application. This example is similar to... Figure 11 As shown in (c), the feed stub may also include a radiator, such as the third feed section L3. One end of L3 may be coupled to the feed point, and the other end of L3 may be coupled to a reference ground via a tuning device. The distance between the two ends of L3 may be less than the projected length of L3 on the radiating stub. The difference is that, in this example, more capacitors can be connected in series with L3. For example, in addition to C5, a sixth capacitor C6 and a seventh capacitor C7 can be connected in series on both sides of C5.

[0125] Having the above Figure 10 as well as Figure 11 The various configurations of feed stubs shown can be matched to, for example... Figure 8 or Figure 9 In the coupled feed of the current loop antenna, the radiating stubs are excited to radiate, generating a uniform magnetic field, thus obtaining an antenna with the radiation characteristics of a current loop antenna.

[0126] It should be noted that, during the setup process, the capacitive / inductive tuning of the current loop antenna can be achieved by adjusting the size of the radiator of the feed stub provided in the embodiments of this application. For example, the capacitive / inductive properties of the current loop antenna can be represented using a Smith chart. Lengthening the size of the radiator of the feed stub increases the inductive properties of the current loop antenna, which can be represented on the Smith chart as the circle enclosed by the curves becomes larger and moves closer to the short-circuit point. Conversely, decreasing the size of the radiator of the feed stub increases the capacitive properties of the current loop antenna, which can be represented on the Smith chart as the circle enclosed by the curves becomes smaller and moves closer to the open-circuit point. This allows for port matching of the current loop antenna in different scenarios.

[0127] Furthermore, in the coupling feed scheme provided in this application embodiment, the position of the feed branch can also be flexibly set. For example, combined with... Figure 8The example in the document illustrates this. In this example, the feed stub is positioned midway between the radiating stub and the reference ground. In other implementations of this application, the feed stub can also be positioned as follows: Figure 8 Based on this, the feed stub is moved left and right along the x-axis. Since this component can excite the radiation of the current loop antenna, and the magnetic field distribution generated by the current loop antenna is uniform, the left and right movement of the feed stub will not have a significant impact on the radiation of the current loop antenna. For example, the left and right movement of the feed stub will not have a significant impact on the resonant frequency and / or radiation performance (such as radiation efficiency or system efficiency) of the current loop antenna. That is to say, in the implementation of the coupling feed scheme provided in this application embodiment, the position of the feed stub can be flexibly selected according to the actual scenario. It can be seen that since the position of the feed stub is not strictly limited, it is more conducive to the implementation of this scheme.

[0128] From the above explanation, those skilled in the art should understand that by configuring the feed stubs, during coupled feeding, the feed stubs can be excited to have the following characteristics: Figure 8 The current characteristics shown can be used to excite the current loop antenna on the radiating stub. Figure 10 as well as Figure 11 The middle section shows that it has, for example Figure 8 The different implementations of the current characteristics shown can be flexibly selected in specific applications. Of course, Figure 10 as well as Figure 11 The examples provided are merely illustrative and not exhaustive. Other power supply stub configurations, if capable of producing... Figure 8 The current characteristics shown can be used to excite the current loop antenna of the radiating stub. Therefore, this component should also be included within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0129] In practical implementation, the current loop antenna provided in this application embodiment can be used in electronic devices, including mobile phones. For example, its application in a mobile phone. (Reference) Figure 12A The current loop antenna provided in this application embodiment can be placed at the edge of the mobile phone, thereby reusing the metal frame of the mobile phone, or providing good radiation performance based on the better radiation environment provided at the edge of the mobile phone. For example, in some embodiments, such as Figure 12A As shown, the current loop antenna can be positioned at the top of the phone. In other embodiments of this application, the current loop antenna can also be positioned on other sides of the phone, such as the left, right, or bottom, to achieve its radiation function.

[0130] The following will illustrate the antenna configuration and radiation characteristics of different current loop antennas in practical application scenarios, using actual current loop antennas and the coupled feeding scheme in the examples above. This will provide a clearer explanation of the coupled feeding scheme provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0131] For example, a current loop antenna can include a variety of different specific implementations. For instance, such as... Figure 12B As shown, current loop antennas can include current loop monopole antennas (such as current loop ILA antennas), current loop dipole antennas, current loop slot antennas, and current loop composite left-hand antennas (CRLH), etc. The structure of the left-hand antenna can be found in CN201380008276.8 and CN201410109571.9, and will not be described in detail here.

[0132] In some embodiments, the current loop antenna is a current loop monopole antenna, and the feeding method adopts the following... Figure 10 Taking the coupled feeding structure shown in (a) as an example, the coupled feeding current loop antenna provided in the embodiments of this application will be described.

[0133] like Figure 13A As shown, the current loop monopole antenna may include a radiating stub 1 and a feed stub 1. The radiating stub 1 may include a radiator. In this example, in order to obtain a uniform magnetic field, the two ends of the radiator may be grounded through capacitors (such as C1 and C2). C1 and C2 may be the same or different.

[0134] In this embodiment, the size of the radiating stub 1 can be related to the operating frequency band. For example, the length of the radiating stub 1 can be less than or equal to 1 / 4 of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band. The wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band can be the wavelength of the center frequency point of the operating frequency band.

[0135] like Figure 13A As shown, this current loop monopole antenna can be coupled and fed through feed stub 1. In conjunction with the aforementioned... Figure 10 As described in (a), the feed stub 1 may include two radiators, L1 and L2. One end of each of L1 and L2 is grounded, such as coupled to a reference ground. The other ends of L1 and L2 can be connected via a feed point. For example, one end of L1 can be connected to the positive terminal of the feed point, and the corresponding end of L2 can be connected to the negative terminal of the feed point. This allows signal transmission between the feed stub 1 and the RF module via the feed point. For example, in a transmission scenario, the RF module can feed a signal into the feed stub 1 through the feed point, so that the feed stub 1 can achieve coupled feeding of the radiating stub 1 through magnetic coupling. As one implementation method, combined with... Figure 12A as well as Figure 6 ,refer to Figure 13B This has the following characteristics: Figure 13AThe current loop monopole antenna shown can be mounted on top of an electronic device to cover one or more operating frequency bands of the device.

[0136] Figure 14 It shows having, as Figure 13A The diagram shown illustrates a current simulation of the current loop monopole antenna during operation. Figure 14 (a) in the figure represents the actual simulation results. For better explanation, Figure 14 Figure (b) shows a simplified diagram of the current flow in a current-loop monopole antenna. It can be seen that at this moment, under the excitation of the feed point, a current can be formed in the negative x-axis direction (i.e., to the left) on feed stub 1. Under the coupled feed excitation of feed stub 1, a current can be formed in radiating stub 1 to the right. Correspondingly, a current can be formed in the reference ground to the left. In this scenario, the current on radiating stub 1 can form a closed current loop with the current in the reference ground, thus obtaining the radiation characteristics of the current-loop antenna.

[0137] Figure 15 It shows having, as Figure 13A This diagram illustrates a magnetic field simulation of a current-loop monopole antenna during operation. It is similar to... Figure 14 , Figure 15 (a) in the figure represents the actual simulation results. For better explanation, Figure 15 Figure (b) in the diagram shows a simplified schematic of the magnetic field distribution near the current-loop monopole antenna. Combined with... Figure 14 The explanation is as follows, in the presence of such Figure 14 (a) or Figure 14 In the current distribution shown in (b), a uniform magnetic field distribution was obtained near radiating stub 1, which further proves that, with such a current distribution... Figure 13A The antenna structure shown can achieve radiation of the radiating stub 1 in accordance with the radiation characteristics of a current loop antenna by coupling the feeding stub 1.

[0138] The following section, based on simulation results of the S-parameters, illustrates the radiation performance of this current-loop monopole antenna. Figure 16 The S11 of the current loop monopole antenna is given (e.g. Figure 16 (a) in the middle) and Smith chart (e.g. Figure 16 (b) shows that, without requiring any matching devices (or using very few matching devices), it has the following characteristics: Figure 13A The current-loop monopole antenna shown can generate a resonance near 2 GHz. The -5 dB bandwidth of this resonance is close to 150 MHz, thus enabling coverage of at least one operating frequency band. Based on the Smith chart of this antenna, it can be seen that, through... Figure 13A The aforementioned structural design naturally gives the antenna a good 50-ohm port matching characteristic, thus reducing the space requirements of the matching circuit (or device) for the antenna, as well as the design and production costs.

[0139] Figure 17 To have such Figure 13A The diagram shows a simulation illustration of the efficiency of a current-loop monopole antenna. This antenna system (e.g., having...) Figure 13A The radiation efficiency of the current loop monopole antenna system shown is higher than -2dB in the range of 1.6GHz-2.3GHz. Therefore, within this frequency band (such as 1.6GHz-2.3GHz), good radiation performance can be obtained by adjusting the position of the resonance. Figure 17 The diagram also shows the resonant position as follows: Figure 16 The system efficiency is shown in case (a) (e.g., the deepest resonant point is around 2GHz). It can be seen that the highest efficiency of this resonator exceeds -1dB, and its -5dB bandwidth is greater than 200MHz. Therefore, this antenna can cover the operating frequency band well.

[0140] In this embodiment of the application, the operating frequency band may include commonly used frequency bands for electronic devices during wireless communication, such as a band within the main frequency (700MHz-960MHz and 1710MHz-2690MHz), or the Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) band and Bluetooth band used for local area network connections. Therefore, the device having such... Figure 13A The current loop monopole antenna shown can be widely used in conventional antennas to help electronic devices achieve their wireless communication functions.

[0141] To enable those skilled in the art to better apply the current loop monopole antenna based on coupled feeding provided in this application embodiment to actual products, the following gives the effect of different lengths of feed stubs 1 on the operation of the current loop monopole antenna.

[0142] Based on the foregoing explanation, the length of the feed stub can be used to adjust the inductive / capacitive components of the current loop antenna, thereby enabling the antenna to achieve port matching.

[0143] Please refer to Figure 18 , for having such Figure 13AThe diagram illustrates the S-parameter comparison of different lengths of feed stub 1 in a current-loop monopole antenna configuration, with radiating stubs of the same length. Examples are given with feed stub lengths of 2.5mm, 5mm, and 7.5mm. It can be seen that the longer the feed stub 1, the higher the port matching degree, the deeper the S11, and the wider the bandwidth. Combined with... Figure 19 The Smith chart comparison is shown. As the length of feed stub 1 increases, the antenna inductance increases, and the signal can be radiated better through the coupled feed radiating stub 1. The Smith chart gets closer and closer to the 50-ohm matching state. Correspondingly, Figure 20 The radiation efficiency comparison shown indicates that the radiation efficiency near 2GHz did not change significantly during the port matching process by adjusting the length of feed stub 1. This proves that adjusting the length of feed stub 1 for port matching does not cause a significant loss in radiation performance.

[0144] It should be noted that the above Figure 18 and Figure 19 as well as Figure 20 The illustrated scheme only compares the effects of different feed stub lengths 1 under the current environment. In other environments, where higher antenna capacitance is required, better radiation performance can be achieved by adjusting the size of the feed stub 1 to obtain better capacitive matching. Therefore, the size of the feed stub 1 can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs of different environments to obtain better radiation performance of the current loop monopole antenna.

[0145] Furthermore, embodiments of this application also provide having, as Figure 13A The diagram illustrates the effect of shifting the position of its feed stub 1 along the x-axis on the resonant frequency of the current loop monopole antenna shown. Figure 21 As shown, when feed stub 1 is centered, and when feed stub 1 is shifted 4.5mm to the left or 4.5mm to the right, their resonances essentially coincide. That is, in the specific implementation of the current loop monopole antenna provided in this application embodiment, the position of feed stub 1 along the x-axis can be flexibly set. In conjunction with the foregoing description, since the antenna scheme provided in this application embodiment is a current loop antenna, the surrounding magnetic field is uniformly distributed during its operation. Therefore, the position of feed stub 1 can be flexibly set according to the actual implementation scenario. This significantly reduces the design difficulty of the current loop monopole antenna.

[0146] It should be noted that the above Figures 13A-21The composition of radiating stub 1 in the current loop monopole antenna provided is only one example. For instance, radiating stub 1 can consist of a single monopole radiator. In other implementations of this application, radiating stub 1 can also have other forms. Exemplarily, one or more capacitors (such as a third capacitor C3 in series) can be connected in series with radiating stub 1. For example, Figure 22 A schematic diagram of a current-loop monopole antenna with a capacitor C3 connected in series on radiating stub 1 is shown. This current-loop monopole antenna can still be coupled and fed through the feeding stub 1 in the above example to obtain the current-loop radiation characteristics. Experiments have shown that adding one or more capacitors (such as C3) in series on radiating stub 1 can further improve the antenna radiation efficiency. The location and number of capacitors can be flexibly selected according to actual needs, and this application embodiment does not impose any limitations on this.

[0147] Furthermore, in the examples above, coupled power supply is used in all cases, such as... Figure 10 The configuration shown in (a) is used as an example for illustration. In other embodiments of this application, the configuration of the coupling feed can also be as follows: Figure 10 Other examples, or such as Figure 11 Any of the examples described above can achieve similar effects, and the embodiments of this application do not limit the composition of the coupling power supply.

[0148] In different specific implementation processes, it has the following characteristics: Figures 13A-15 or Figure 22 The specific implementation of any of the current loop monopole antenna compositions can be different. For example, in some embodiments, combined with Figure 13B The radiating element of the radiating stub 1 and / or the feed stub 1 of the current loop monopole antenna can be wholly or partially reused from the metal frame of the electronic device. In other embodiments, the radiating element of the radiating stub 1 and / or the feed stub 1 of the current loop monopole antenna can also be implemented using flexible printed circuit (FPC), metalframe diecasting for anodization (MDA), etc. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the current loop monopole antenna.

[0149] The above describes the coupled feeding scheme provided in the embodiments of this application in conjunction with a current loop monopole antenna. The following uses a current loop antenna as a current loop dipole antenna, and the feeding method is as follows: Figure 10 Taking the coupled feeding structure shown in (a) as an example, the coupled feeding current loop antenna provided in the embodiments of this application will be further described.

[0150] It should be understood that a typical monopole antenna radiates through a 1 / 4 wavelength radiating structure. In contrast, a dipole antenna, based on the mirror principle, radiates through a 1 / 2 wavelength radiating structure.

[0151] In this example, a current loop dipole antenna is obtained by improving a typical dipole and transmitting signals through coupled feeding.

[0152] Combination Figure 23A This is a schematic diagram of a coupled-fed current-loop dipole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 23A As shown, the radiating stub 2 of the current loop dipole antenna may include two radiators (such as L4 and L5). L4 and L5 can be coupled via capacitors (such as a third capacitor C3). The ends of L4 and L5 furthest from C3 can be coupled to ground via capacitors, respectively. For example, the ends of L4 and L5 furthest from C3 can be coupled to ground via a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2, respectively.

[0153] In different implementations, the values ​​of C1 and C2, as well as the value of C3, can be determined based on the operating frequency band of the current loop dipole antenna.

[0154] In some embodiments, the total length of the radiating stub 2 (such as the lengths of L4 and L5) may be related to half the wavelength of the operating frequency band. For example, the total length of the radiating stub 2 may be less than half the wavelength of the operating frequency band and greater than a quarter wavelength of the operating frequency band.

[0155] It should be noted that the position of C3 between L4 and L5 can be flexible in different embodiments of this application. For example, C3 can be located at the center of the radial branch 2, meaning that L4 and L5 can have the same size. In other embodiments, C3 can also be located on the left side of the radial branch 2, meaning that the length of L4 can be less than the length of L5. Alternatively, C3 can be located on the right side of the radial branch 2, meaning that the length of L4 can be greater than the length of L5.

[0156] Having such Figure 23A The current loop dipole antenna shown can be fed through the feed stub 2 (i.e., as shown in the figure) Figure 10 The current loop antenna radiation characteristics are formed under the feeding structure shown in (a)). As one implementation method, refer to... Figure 23B This has the following characteristics: Figure 23A The current loop dipole antenna shown can be placed on the top of the electronic device. For example, the radiator of radiating stub 2 can reuse the top metal frame of the electronic device to cover one or more operating frequency bands of the electronic device.

[0157] The following combines current simulation and magnetic field simulation to address this issue. Figure 23A The operation of the current loop dipole antenna shown is explained.

[0158] For example, please refer to Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the current distribution of a coupled-fed current-loop dipole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 24 (a) in the figure represents the actual simulation results. For better explanation, Figure 24 (b) in the diagram provides a simplified illustration of the current near the current loop dipole antenna. It can be seen that during operation, the current loop dipole antenna generates reverse currents in the radiating stubs 2 (e.g., L4 and L5) and on the reference ground. For example, a left-directed current can be generated on L4 and L5, and a right-directed current can be generated on the reference ground. Therefore, through capacitors (e.g., C1 and C2) positioned on the left and right respectively, the currents on L4 and L5 and the current on the reference ground can form a closed current loop. Furthermore, a current in the same direction as the reference ground and in the opposite direction to L4 and L5 can be generated on the feed stubs 2 (e.g., L1 and L2). This conforms to the current distribution characteristics of a current loop antenna during operation.

[0159] and Figure 24 Correspondingly, Figure 25 A schematic diagram illustrating the magnetic field distribution of a coupled-fed current-loop dipole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 25 (a) in the figure represents the actual simulation results. For better explanation, Figure 25 (b) in the diagram provides a simplified illustration of the magnetic field near the current-loop dipole antenna. It can be seen that the current-loop dipole antenna can generate a uniform magnetic field in space during operation. For example, a uniform magnetic field perpendicular to the paper and pointing inwards (i.e., the positive z-axis direction) is formed in the upper space between L4 and L5. A uniform magnetic field in the negative z-axis direction is formed in the lower space between L4 and L5. It should be understood that, in conjunction with the foregoing explanation, due to the presence of capacitors C1, C2, and C3, the energy storage characteristics of capacitors make the current distribution on L4 and L5 more uniform, forming a closed current loop with the current on the reference ground, thus generating a uniformly distributed magnetic field. This proves that the current-loop dipole antenna possesses characteristics such as... Figure 23A The coupled-fed current loop dipole antenna shown can acquire the radiation characteristics of a current loop antenna.

[0160] The following section, based on simulation results of S-parameters, discusses the characteristics of... Figure 23A The radiation pattern of the coupled-fed current loop dipole antenna shown is explained.

[0161] For example, in combination Figure 26 .like Figure 26As shown in (a), the current-loop dipole antenna is able to resonate near 2 GHz on the S11 curve. The -5 dB bandwidth of this resonance exceeds 100 MHz, thus enabling coverage of at least one operating frequency band. Combined with... Figure 26 In (b) of the Smith chart, in addition to the current loop dipole antenna, Figure 23A Apart from the capacitors shown (such as C1, C2, and C3), no additional matching circuitry is required to achieve good port matching for 50 ohms. Combined with... Figure 27 It shows that it has the following characteristics: Figure 23A The diagram illustrates the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the coupled-fed current-loop dipole antenna configuration. Figure 27 As shown, the current-loop dipole antenna has a -2dB radiation efficiency bandwidth exceeding 1GHz, thus providing good radiation capability. Correspondingly, in the current environment, the current-loop dipole antenna's system efficiency has a -6dB bandwidth exceeding 300MHz. Therefore, in practical environments, the current-loop dipole antenna can also provide good bandwidth and radiation performance.

[0162] In conjunction with the aforementioned considerations for current loop monopole antennas, Figures 12B-21 The analysis results regarding the impact of the dimensions and positions of L1 and L2 on antenna radiation remain applicable to current loop dipole antennas. For example, by adjusting the lengths of L1 and / or L2, the port matching state of the current loop dipole antenna can be adjusted. Furthermore, the x-axis positions of L1 and L2 have little impact on the resonant frequency and radiation performance of the current loop dipole antenna.

[0163] It should be noted that the above Figures 23A-27 In the current-loop dipole antenna provided, the composition of radiating stub 2 is only one example. For instance, in addition to the two capacitors (C1 and C2) at the ground, a capacitor (C3) can be connected in series with radiating stub 2. In other implementations of this application, radiating stub 2 can also have other forms. Exemplarily, one or more capacitors C3 can also be connected in series with L4 and L5. For example, Figure 28 A schematic diagram of a current loop dipole antenna with multiple capacitors (e.g., three C3s) connected in series on the radiating stub 2 is shown. In this example, another C3 can also be connected in series on L4 and L5. Experiments have shown that connecting multiple capacitors C3 in series on the radiating stub 2 can further improve the antenna radiation efficiency. The positions and numbers of the capacitors can be flexibly selected according to actual needs, and this embodiment does not impose any limitations on this.

[0164] Furthermore, in the examples above, coupled power supply is used in all cases, such as... Figure 10The configuration shown in (a) is used as an example for illustration. In other embodiments of this application, the configuration of the coupling feed can also be as follows: Figure 10 Other examples, or such as Figure 11 Any of the examples described above can achieve similar effects, and the embodiments of this application do not limit the composition of the coupling power supply.

[0165] In different specific implementation processes, it has the following characteristics: Figures 23A-28 The specific implementation of any of the current loop dipole antenna configurations can vary. For example, in some embodiments, the radiating stub 2 and / or the radiator of the feed stub 2 of the current loop dipole antenna can fully or partially reuse the metal frame of the electronic device. In other embodiments, the radiating stub 2 and / or the radiator of the feed stub 2 of the current loop dipole antenna can also be implemented using flexible printed circuits (FPCs), MDAs, etc. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the current loop dipole antenna.

[0166] The above describes the coupled feeding scheme provided in the embodiments of this application in conjunction with a current loop dipole antenna. The following uses a current loop antenna as a current loop slot antenna, and the feeding method is as follows: Figure 10 Taking the coupled feeding structure shown in (a) as an example, the coupled feeding current loop antenna provided in the embodiments of this application will be described.

[0167] Please refer to Figure 29A This is a schematic diagram of the composition of a coupled-fed current loop slot antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0168] like Figure 29A As shown, the current loop slot antenna provided in this example may include a radiating stub 3 and a feeding stub 3. The feeding stub 3 can be used to generate a corresponding current on its radiator under the excitation of the feeding point. The radiating stub 3 can be coupled to the feeding point, and magnetic excitation can be obtained from the feeding stub 3, thereby generating the radiation characteristics of the current loop antenna.

[0169] In this example, the feed stub 3 can be similar to the example above. Figure 10 The components shown in (a) implement its coupling and feeding function, which will not be elaborated here. Figure 29A As shown, the radiating stub 3 included in the current loop slot antenna provided in this application embodiment may include at least two radiators (such as L6 and L7) with their ends arranged opposite each other. As one implementation, consider a hollow rectangular slot enclosed by the radiators and a reference ground as an example. The radiator composed of L6 and L7 may be one of the four sides of the rectangular slot that is connected to the main ground of the reference ground (such as...). Figure 29AThe lower edge of the slit shown is opposite to the upper edge. That is, in this example, the radiator formed by L6 and L7 can be the upper edge of the rectangular slit. One end of L6 and L7 can be positioned opposite each other. At this opposite end, L6 and L7 can be coupled via a capacitor (such as a third capacitor C3). Figure 29A As shown, the other ends of L6 and L7 can be coupled to a reference ground, respectively. Therefore, L6 and L7 can form a gap with the reference ground. Figure 29A The slot can be the slot corresponding to the rectangular non-conductive region included in the radiating stub 3. It is understood that, due to the setting of C3, based on the energy storage characteristics of the capacitor, a relatively uniform closed current loop is generated near the edge of the slot in the radiator constituting the slot antenna and the reference ground, thereby obtaining a uniformly distributed magnetic field in the slot.

[0170] In different implementations, the size of C3 can be determined based on the operating frequency band of the current loop dipole antenna.

[0171] When this current-loop slot antenna is operating, a transverse current can be generated on the feed stubs 3 (such as L1 and L2). Excited by this transverse current, L6 and L7 can radiate with current-loop characteristics through coupled feed excitation. As one implementation method, refer to... Figure 29B This has the following characteristics: Figure 29A The current loop slot antenna shown can be mounted on top of an electronic device to cover one or more operating frequency bands of the device.

[0172] The following description, based on current and magnetic field simulation results, illustrates the operation of the current loop slot antenna provided in this application embodiment.

[0173] For example, in combination Figure 30 This is a current simulation diagram of the current loop slot antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 30 (a) in the figure represents the actual simulation results. For better explanation, Figure 30 (b) shows a simplified diagram of the current distribution on L6 and L7. It can be seen that when this current loop slot antenna is operating, reverse currents can be generated on the radiating stub 3 and the reference ground. For example, a left-directed current can be generated on L6 and L7, and a right-directed current can be generated on the reference ground. Therefore, the currents on L6 and L7 and the current on the reference ground can form a closed current loop. Furthermore, currents in the same direction as the reference ground and in the opposite direction to the currents on L6 and L7 can be generated on L1 and L2. This conforms to the current distribution characteristics of a current loop antenna during operation.

[0174] exist Figure 30 Based on this, please refer to Figure 31Furthermore, a magnetic field simulation diagram of the current loop slot antenna is provided for embodiments of this application. Figure 31 (a) in the figure represents the actual simulation results. For better explanation, Figure 31 Figure (b) shows a simplified diagram of the magnetic field distribution near L6 and L7 of the current loop slot antenna. It can be seen that the current loop slot antenna can generate a uniform magnetic field in space during operation. For example, a uniform magnetic field perpendicular to the paper and pointing inwards (i.e., the positive z-axis direction) is formed in the upper space of L6 and L7. A uniform magnetic field in the negative z-axis direction is formed in the lower space of L6 and L7. This proves that it possesses a magnetic field distribution similar to... Figure 29A The coupled-fed current loop slot antenna shown can acquire the radiation characteristics of a current loop antenna.

[0175] The antenna scheme provided in this application also has good radiation performance. The following, based on simulation results of S-parameters, demonstrates the performance of the antenna scheme with good radiation characteristics. Figure 29A The radiation characteristics of the coupled-fed current loop slot antenna shown are explained.

[0176] For example, in combination Figure 32 .like Figure 32 As shown in (a), the current-loop slot antenna is able to resonate near 2.2 GHz on the S11 curve. The -5 dB bandwidth of this resonance is close to 500 MHz, thus enabling coverage of at least one operating frequency band. Combined with... Figure 32 In (b) of the Smith chart, besides the current loop slot antenna, Figure 29A Apart from the capacitor settings shown, no additional matching circuitry is required to achieve good port matching for 50 ohms. Combined with... Figure 33 It shows that it has the following characteristics: Figure 29A The diagram illustrates the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the coupled-fed current-loop slot antenna configuration. Figure 33 As shown, the current loop slot antenna has a -2dB radiation efficiency bandwidth exceeding 1GHz, thus providing good radiation capability. Correspondingly, in the current environment, the system efficiency -6dB bandwidth of the current loop slot antenna is also close to 1GHz. Therefore, in practical environments, the current loop slot antenna can also provide good bandwidth and radiation performance.

[0177] In conjunction with the aforementioned considerations for current loop monopole antennas, Figures 12B-21 The analysis results regarding the impact of the size and position of the feed stub 1 on antenna radiation are still applicable to the current loop slot antenna. For example, by adjusting the lengths of L1 and L2, the port matching state of the current loop slot antenna can be adjusted. Furthermore, the x-axis positions of L1 and L2 have little impact on the resonant frequency and radiation performance of the current loop slot antenna.

[0178] It should be noted that the above Figures 29A-33 The configuration of the radiating stub 3 in the current loop slot antenna provided is only one example. For instance, a capacitor C3 can be placed on the radiating stub 3 to couple L6 and L7. In other implementations of this application, the radiating stub 3 can also have more C3s. Exemplarily, one or more C3s can be connected in series on L6 and / or L7. For example, Figure 34 A schematic diagram of a current loop slot antenna with multiple capacitors (e.g., three) connected in series on radiating stub 3 is shown. In this example, a capacitor C3 can be placed in series on both L6 and L7, which can further improve the antenna's radiation efficiency. The location of the C3 connected in series on the radiating stub is not limited in different examples.

[0179] Furthermore, in the examples above, coupled power supply is used in all cases, such as... Figure 10 The configuration shown in (a) is used as an example for illustration. In other embodiments of this application, the configuration of the coupling feed can also be as follows: Figure 10 Other examples, or such as Figure 11 Any of the examples described above can achieve similar effects, and the embodiments of this application do not limit the composition of the coupling power supply.

[0180] In different specific implementation processes, it has the following characteristics: Figures 29A-34 The specific implementation of any of the components of the current loop slot antenna can be different. For example, in some embodiments, the radiating stub 3 and / or the radiator of the feed stub 3 of the current loop slot antenna can fully or partially reuse the metal frame of the electronic device. In other embodiments, the radiating stub 3 and / or the radiator of the feed stub 3 of the current loop slot antenna can also be implemented using a flexible printed circuit board (FPC), MDA, etc. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the current loop slot antenna.

[0181] The above describes the coupled feeding scheme provided in the embodiments of this application in conjunction with the current loop slot antenna. The current loop antenna is described below as a left-handed current loop antenna, and the feeding method is as follows: Figure 10 Taking the coupled feeding structure shown in (a) as an example, the coupled feeding current loop antenna provided in the embodiments of this application will be described.

[0182] For example, please refer to Figure 35A This is a schematic diagram of the composition of a left-handed antenna based on coupled feeding current loop provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0183] like Figure 35AAs shown, the current loop left-handed antenna provided in this example may include a radiating stub 4 and a feed stub 4. The feed stub 4 can be used to generate a transverse current under excitation at the feed point. Through magnetic coupling, the feed stub 4 can excite the radiating stub 4 to generate radiation with current loop radiation characteristics.

[0184] In this example, the radiating stub 4 may include at least two radiators, such as L8 and L9. L8 and L9 may each have one end facing each other, and at this facing end, L8 and L9 may be coupled via capacitor C3. Furthermore, for one of the two radiators (such as L8), the end of L8 furthest from C3 may be coupled to a reference ground via a capacitor (such as a left-handed capacitor). For the other radiator (such as L9), the end of L9 furthest from C3 may be directly coupled to the reference ground. That is, in this example, L8 may be a left-handed antenna radiator with capacitors coupled to both ends. L9 may be a left-handed antenna radiator with a capacitor coupled to one end and grounded to the other. In different implementations, L9 may be, for example... Figure 35A The diagram shows a straight-line radiator directly above the top radiator opposite the reference ground. Alternatively, in some implementations, L9 can be an "L"-shaped radiator formed by the aforementioned straight-line radiator and the radiator connecting to the main ground of the reference ground. In other implementations, the radiators of L8 and L9 are on the same straight line, and the radiator they together form an "L" shape with the radiator connecting to the main ground of the reference ground.

[0185] In different implementations, the values ​​of the left-handed capacitor and C3 can be determined based on the operating frequency band of the current-loop dipole antenna. The left-handed capacitor can be used to excite the corresponding left-handed mode on the radiating stub 4 for radiation. For example, by setting this left-handed capacitor, a non-reverse current can be formed on the radiating stub 4, and the resonance corresponding to this current can achieve coverage of the operating frequency band (such as low frequencies) in a relatively small space.

[0186] As one implementation method, refer to Figure 35B This has the following characteristics: Figure 35A The left-hand antenna of the current loop shown can be positioned on top of the electronic device to cover one or more operating frequency bands of the electronic device.

[0187] Having such Figure 35A The current loop left-handed antenna shown can generate radiation with the radiation characteristics of a current loop antenna under the coupled feed of feed stub 4. For example, combined with... Figure 36 Current simulation and Figure 37 The magnetic field simulation is used to illustrate this.

[0188] Please refer to Figure 36This is a current simulation diagram of the left-handed antenna with a current loop provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 36 (a) in the figure represents the actual simulation results. For better explanation, Figure 36 Figure (b) shows a simplified diagram of the current distribution on the radiating stubs 4 (such as L8 and L9) of the left-handed current loop antenna. It can be seen that when the left-handed current loop antenna is operating, reverse currents can be generated on L8 and L9 and on the reference ground. For example, a current can be generated to the left on L8 and L9, and a current can be generated to the right on the reference ground. Therefore, the currents on L8 and L9 and the current on the reference ground can form a closed current loop. Furthermore, a current can be generated on the feed stub 4 that is in the same direction as the reference ground and in the opposite direction to the currents on L8 and L9. This conforms to the current distribution characteristics of a current loop antenna during operation.

[0189] exist Figure 36 Based on this, please refer to Figure 37 Furthermore, a magnetic field simulation diagram of the left-handed antenna with the current loop is provided for embodiments of this application. Figure 37 (a) in the figure represents the actual simulation results. For better explanation, Figure 37 Figure (b) shows a simplified diagram of the magnetic field distribution near L8 and L9 of the left-handed antenna with the current loop. It can be seen that the left-handed antenna with the current loop can generate a uniform magnetic field in space when operating. For example, a uniform magnetic field perpendicular to the paper and pointing inwards (i.e., the positive z-axis direction) is formed in the upper space of L8 and L9. A uniform magnetic field in the negative z-axis direction is formed in the lower space of L8 and L9. This proves that it possesses... Figure 35A The coupled-fed current loop left-handed antenna shown can acquire the radiation characteristics of a current loop antenna. It can be understood that, in this example, by setting C3, based on the energy storage characteristics of the capacitor, a closed uniform current can be generated on the antenna radiator and the surface of the reference ground near the antenna, thereby acquiring a uniformly distributed magnetic field in this region (such as the region enclosed by the radiating stub and the reference ground).

[0190] The antenna scheme provided in this application also has good radiation performance. The following, based on simulation results of S-parameters, demonstrates the performance of the antenna scheme with good radiation characteristics. Figure 35A The radiation pattern of the left-handed antenna with the coupled-fed current loop shown is explained.

[0191] For example, in combination Figure 38 .like Figure 38 As shown in (a), on the S11 curve, this left-handed antenna with the current loop is able to resonate near 2 GHz. The -5 dB bandwidth of this resonance is close to 200 MHz, thus enabling coverage of at least one operating frequency band. Combined with... Figure 38In (b) of the Smith chart, the left-handed antenna of the current loop, besides... Figure 35A Apart from the few capacitors shown (such as the capacitor coupling the left-handed radiator to the reference ground, and the capacitor connected in series with the radiator), no additional matching circuitry is required to achieve good port matching for 50 ohms. Combined with Figure 39 It shows that it has the following characteristics: Figure 35A The diagram illustrates the radiation efficiency of the left-handed antenna with a coupled-fed current loop and the overall system efficiency. Figure 39 As shown, the -2dB radiation efficiency bandwidth of this current loop left-handed antenna is close to 1GHz, thus providing good radiation capability. Correspondingly, in the current environment, the -6dB bandwidth of the system efficiency of this current loop left-handed antenna is also close to 1GHz. Therefore, in practical environments, this current loop left-handed antenna can also provide good bandwidth and radiation performance.

[0192] In conjunction with the aforementioned considerations for current loop monopole antennas, Figures 12B-21 The analysis results regarding the impact of the size and position of feed stub 1 on antenna radiation are still applicable to the current loop left-handed antenna. For example, by adjusting the length of feed stub 4 (such as L1 and L2), the port matching state of the current loop left-handed antenna can be adjusted. Furthermore, the x-axis positions of L1 and L2 have little impact on the resonant frequency and radiation performance of the current loop left-handed antenna.

[0193] It should be noted that the above Figures 35A-39 The configuration of radiating stub 4 in the current loop left-handed antenna provided is only one example. In other implementations of this application, radiating stub 4 can also have other forms. For example, more capacitors can be connected in series with radiating stub 4. Figure 40 A schematic diagram of a left-handed antenna with a current loop and multiple capacitors (e.g., three) connected in series on radiating stub 4 is shown. In this example, a C3 can be added in series on L9. Of course, in other examples, more C3s can be connected in series on L8. This has... Figure 40 The current loop left-handed antenna shown can still be coupled and fed through the feed stub 4 in the example above to obtain the current loop radiation characteristics. Experiments have shown that connecting multiple capacitors in series with the radiating stub 4 can further improve the antenna radiation efficiency. The location and number of capacitors can be flexibly selected according to actual needs, and this application embodiment does not impose any limitations on this.

[0194] It should be understood that the above example illustrates the radiation characteristics of a current loop antenna after adjustment using a left-handed antenna. For a right-handed antenna, a similar approach can be used to obtain the radiation of a right-handed current loop antenna. The parameters and setup requirements for this antenna can be found in the left-handed current loop antenna example, and will not be repeated here.

[0195] Furthermore, in the examples above, coupled power supply is used in all cases, such as... Figure 10 The configuration shown in (a) is used as an example for illustration. In other embodiments of this application, the configuration of the coupling feed can also be as follows: Figure 10 Other examples, or such as Figure 11 Any of the examples described above can achieve similar effects, and the embodiments of this application do not limit the composition of the coupling power supply.

[0196] In different specific implementation processes, it has the following characteristics: Figures 35A-40 The specific implementation of any of the current loop left-handed antenna configurations can vary. For example, in some embodiments, the radiating stub 4 and / or the radiator of the feed stub 4 of the current loop left-handed antenna can fully or partially reuse the metal frame of the electronic device. In other embodiments, the radiating stub 4 and / or the radiator of the feed stub 4 of the current loop left-handed antenna can also be implemented using a flexible printed circuit board (FPC), MDA, etc. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the current loop left-handed antenna.

[0197] Through the above Figures 13A-22 The current loop monopole antenna shown is... Figures 23A-28 The current loop dipole antenna shown is... Figures 29A-34 The current loop slot antenna shown, and Figures 25-40 The example of a left-handed current loop antenna shown should provide those skilled in the art with a comprehensive and accurate understanding of the composition and operation of the coupled-feed current loop antenna provided in this application. It should be understood that, in addition to the above example, this coupled-feed excitation current loop radiation characteristic scheme can also be applied to other typical antennas, enabling the corresponding typical antennas to radiate with current loop radiation characteristics under certain conditions, thereby improving the antenna's radiation capability. Furthermore, based on this coupled-feed mechanism, the environmental requirements introduced by direct feeding are avoided, thus making it applicable to a wider range of scenarios, thereby enabling the current loop antenna to provide better wireless communication functions for electronic devices.

[0198] Although this application has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Accordingly, this specification and drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of this application as defined by the appended claims, and are considered to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of this application. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if such modifications and modifications of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is also intended to include such modifications and modifications.

Claims

1. A coupled-fed terminal antenna, characterized in that, The antenna includes a feed stub and a radiating stub. The radiating branch includes a first radiator and a second radiator. One end of the first radiator and one end of the second radiator are coupled in series with a third capacitor. The other end of the first radiator away from the second radiator is coupled to a reference ground via a left-handed capacitor. The other end of the second radiator away from the first radiator is coupled to the reference ground. The feed branch is not connected to the radiation branch. The feed branch is located between the radiation branch and the reference ground. The feed branch is provided with a feed point. The feed branch is used to couple and feed power to the radiation branch. A uniform current is excited on the radiating stub, and a uniform magnetic field is radiated between the radiating stub and the reference ground; The current flow direction on the radiating branch is a first direction, and the current flow direction on the reference ground is a second direction, with the first direction being opposite to the second direction. The current flow direction on the feed branch is the second direction.

2. The terminal antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, Other radiators are provided between the first radiator and the second radiator, and the first radiator, the second radiator and the other radiators are coupled together by a third capacitor connected in series. When the antenna operates in the frequency band of 450MHz-1GHz, the capacitance value of the third capacitor is set within [2pF, 25pF]. When the antenna operates in the frequency band of 1GHz-3GHz, the capacitance value of the third capacitor is set within the range of [0.8pF, 12pF]. When the antenna operates in the frequency band of 3GHz-10GHz, the capacitance value of the third capacitor is set within the range of [0.2pF, 8pF].

3. The terminal antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The power supply branch includes a first power supply section and a second power supply section. One end of the first power supply section is coupled to one end of the power supply point, and one end of the second power supply section is coupled to the other end of the power supply point. The first power supply section and the second power supply section are axially symmetrical about the longitudinal axis where the power supply point is located. The other ends of the first and second power supply units, which are furthest from the power supply point, are respectively coupled to the reference ground.

4. The terminal antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The other ends of the first feed section and the second feed section, away from the feed point, are respectively coupled to a reference ground, including: The other ends of the first power supply section and the second power supply section, which are away from the power supply point, are respectively coupled to the reference ground through capacitors.

5. The terminal antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The feed branch includes a third feed section, a first end of which is coupled to one end of the feed point, a second end of which is coupled to the reference ground, and the other end of the feed point is coupled to the radio frequency microstrip line.

6. The terminal antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, At least one capacitor is connected in series on the third power supply section, including at least one fourth capacitor, which is located at the center of the coupling portion between the third power supply section and the radiating branch.

7. The terminal antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second end of the third power supply section is coupled to the reference ground via a tuning device, which includes at least one of the following devices: a capacitor, an inductor, and a resistor.

8. The terminal antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, The distance between the first end of the third feed section and the second end of the third feed section is less than the projected length of the third feed section on the radiating branch.

9. The terminal antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, At least one capacitor is connected in series on the third power supply section, including at least a fifth capacitor and a sixth and a seventh capacitor respectively disposed on both sides of the fifth capacitor, wherein the fifth capacitor is disposed at the center of the coupling portion between the third power supply section and the radiating branch.

10. The terminal antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The terminal antennas corresponding to feed stubs of different sizes have different port impedances.

11. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device is provided with at least one processor, a radio frequency module, and a coupled-fed terminal antenna as described in any one of claims 1-10; When the electronic device transmits or receives signals, it does so through the radio frequency module and the coupled-fed terminal antenna.

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