Dike Monitoring and Analysis System Based on Multi-Sensor Technology

Abstract

The present invention discloses a dam monitoring and analysis system based on multi-sensor technology, which relates to the technical field of dam monitoring. It is used to solve the problems that the existing dam monitoring systems cannot conduct multi-dimensional monitoring on dams and cannot accurately determine the internal conditions of dams, thus unable to comprehensively analyze and monitor in a timely and effective manner, resulting in the inability to discover problems in time and easily causing potential safety hazards. The system includes an information collection unit, an information analysis unit, a processing unit, and a management center. Dam data is obtained through soil moisture sensors, displacement sensors, crack sensors, seepage flow sensors, and temperature sensors. The dam data is comprehensively analyzed to obtain abnormal phreatic line, dangerous water content, severe risk monitoring area, general risk signal of landslide, severe risk signal of landslide, set of general piping monitoring areas, and set of severe piping monitoring areas, and then sent to the management center. The management center calculates the dam operation score based on the received dam status signals and triggers corresponding alarms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dam monitoring, and specifically to a dam monitoring and analysis system based on multi-sensor technology. Background Art

[0002] A dam refers to a water retaining structure built along the edges of rivers, canals, lakes, coasts, floodways, flood diversion areas, or reclamation areas. Dams are one of the earliest and most widely adopted important flood control projects in the world. The main function of a dam is to effectively resist floods during the flood season, protect the lives and property of downstream residents and normal production and living, and is of great significance to regional economic development. Therefore, dam safety monitoring has received great attention and emphasis;

[0003] Existing dam monitoring systems cannot monitor dams in multiple dimensions and cannot accurately determine the internal conditions of dams, and thus cannot comprehensively analyze and monitor in a timely and effective manner, resulting in the inability to detect problems in a timely manner and easily causing potential safety hazards;

[0004] To solve the above defects, a dam monitoring and analysis system based on multi-sensor technology is provided. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dam monitoring and analysis system based on multi-sensor technology to solve the problems that existing dam monitoring systems cannot monitor dams in multiple dimensions and cannot accurately determine the internal conditions of dams, and thus cannot comprehensively analyze and monitor in a timely and effective manner, resulting in the inability to detect problems in a timely manner and easily causing potential safety hazards.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: A dam monitoring and analysis system based on multi-sensor technology includes multiple sensors, and the multiple sensors include a soil moisture sensor, a displacement sensor, a crack sensor, a seepage flow sensor, and a temperature sensor; it also includes an information acquisition unit, an information analysis unit, a processing unit, and a management center;

[0007] The information acquisition unit is used to collect dam data of multiple sensors installed on the dam and send it to the information analysis unit and the management center;

[0008] The information analysis unit is used to perform analysis and processing on the dam data for dam water content, dam deformation, and seepage analysis to obtain an infiltration risk coefficient dgs, a deformation coefficient chs, a leakage coefficient lous i , an abnormal phreatic line, and a dangerous water content set, and send the infiltration risk coefficient dgs, the deformation coefficient chs, and the leakage coefficient lous i to the processing unit, and send the abnormal phreatic line and the dangerous water content set to the management center;

[0009] Among them, the process of processing the water content of the dam is as follows: The dam is divided into dry monitoring areas and wet monitoring areas, the numbers of the dry monitoring areas and the wet monitoring areas are counted, the proportion of the wet monitoring areas is obtained by dividing the number of the wet monitoring areas by the sum of the numbers of the dry monitoring areas and the wet monitoring areas, the proportion of the wet monitoring areas is compared and analyzed with the preset proportion range to obtain the corresponding infiltration coefficient, infiltration line risk duration and infiltration line abnormality; The infiltration coefficient and the infiltration line risk duration are processed to obtain the infiltration risk coefficient dgs;

[0010] The process of processing the deformation of the dam is as follows: The horizontal displacement and vertical displacement of the dam are obtained and the displacement distance is calculated; Then, the magnitudes of the longitudinal crack values and the transverse crack values of each monitoring area are obtained and the total crack value is calculated, and the displacement distance and the total crack value are processed to obtain the deformation coefficient chs;

[0011] The process of seepage analysis and processing is as follows: The temperature values of each monitoring point in the wet monitoring area of the dam and the depth of each temperature measuring point are obtained and analyzed to obtain the leakage temperature deviation, and the leakage temperature deviation is processed to obtain the leakage coefficient lous i ;

[0012] The processing unit is used to comprehensively analyze the infiltration risk coefficient dgs, the deformation coefficient chs and the leakage coefficient lous i to obtain the general landslide risk signal, the severe landslide risk signal, the general piping monitoring area set and the severe piping monitoring area set and send them to the management center;

[0013] The management center is used to receive the dam data and the dam status signal, store and manage the dam data, process the dam status signal and trigger an alarm and score the dam status, where the dam status signal includes the infiltration line abnormality, the dangerous water content set, the general landslide risk signal, the severe landslide risk signal, the general piping monitoring area set and the severe piping monitoring area set.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dam data includes the water content, displacement, cracks, leakage flow rate and temperature of the dam, the soil humidity sensor is used to monitor the water content of the dam; the displacement sensor is used to monitor the displacement of the dam, the crack sensor is used to monitor the cracks of the dam, the seepage flow sensor is used to monitor the leakage flow rate of the dam and the temperature sensor is used to monitor the internal temperature data of the dam.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the steps for the information analysis unit to monitor and process the water content of the dam are as follows:

[0016] A1: The dam is divided into several monitoring areas, each monitoring area is numbered, denoted as i = 1, 2, 3,..., n, n is a positive integer, and a soil humidity sensor, a displacement sensor, a crack sensor, a seepage flow sensor and a temperature sensor are installed in each monitoring area of the dam;

[0017] A2: Divide the dam into a dry area and a wet area. If the monitoring area is above the water surface, it is marked as a dry monitoring area; if it is below the water surface, it is marked as a wet monitoring area. Count the numbers of the dry monitoring area and the wet monitoring area respectively, and mark them as gu1 and su1 respectively. Divide the number of the wet monitoring area by the sum of the numbers of the dry monitoring area and the wet monitoring area to obtain the proportion of the wet monitoring area. Preset proportion intervals Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4. Z1, Z2, and Z3 respectively correspond to the seepage coefficient d j and the seepage duration t j , where j = 1, 2, 3, d1 is the seepage coefficient corresponding to the preset proportion interval Z1, d2 is the seepage coefficient corresponding to the preset proportion interval Z2, d3 is the seepage coefficient corresponding to the preset proportion interval Z3, t1 represents the seepage line risk duration when the proportion of the wet monitoring area is in the preset proportion interval Z1, t2 represents the seepage line risk duration when the proportion of the wet monitoring area is in the preset proportion interval Z2, t3 represents the seepage line risk duration when the proportion of the wet monitoring area is in the preset proportion interval Z3; when the proportion of the wet monitoring area is in Z1 or Z2 or Z3, the corresponding seepage coefficient d j and the seepage line risk duration t j are obtained. Through a preset model the seepage risk coefficient dgs is calculated and sent to the processing unit; when the proportion of the wet monitoring area is within the preset proportion interval Z4, it is marked as seepage line anomaly, and the dry monitoring area gu1, the number of the wet monitoring area su1, and the seepage line anomaly are sent to the management center;

[0018] A3: Obtain the water content of the dam body in the wet monitoring area, and get a line graph of the water content of the dam body versus time. Preset a water content safety threshold and a water content warning value. When the water content of the dam body is between the water content safety threshold and the water content warning value, it is marked as wet abnormal water content w i , and the corresponding wet monitoring area is marked as a wet abnormal monitoring area. Through a preset model the comprehensive abnormal water content value hwl is calculated and sent to the processing unit; when the water content of the dam body is greater than the water content warning value, it is marked as dangerous water content, and the corresponding wet monitoring area is marked as a dangerous water content monitoring area. Count the dangerous water content, numbers, and positions of all the marked dangerous water content monitoring areas, and integrate them one by one into a dangerous water content set, and send the dangerous water content set to the management center.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the analysis of the dam deformation by the information analysis unit is as follows:

[0020] B1: Obtain the horizontal displacement and vertical displacement of the dam and mark them as X, Y, and calculate the displacement distance ju through a formula;

[0021] B2: Obtain the longitudinal crack value and transverse crack value of each monitoring area, and mark them as fz i and fh i , and obtain through the formula the total crack value fsum, where b1 and b2 are the weight factor coefficients of the longitudinal crack value and transverse crack value respectively;

[0022] B3: Obtain the deformation coefficient chs through the preset model chs = c1×ju + c2×fsum, where c1 and c2 are the weight factor coefficients of the displacement distance and total crack value respectively.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific steps of the information analysis unit for seepage analysis are:

[0024] C1: Obtain the temperature value of each monitoring point in the wet monitoring area inside the dam and the depth of each temperature measurement point, preset the depth interval, each depth interval corresponds to a standard temperature interval, match all the temperature values and depths one by one to the corresponding standard temperature interval, obtain the temperature deviation between the temperature value and the standard temperature. When the temperature deviation is greater than the preset deviation, it is marked as the leakage temperature deviation. Calculate the average value of the leakage temperature deviation, count all the leakage numbers in the wet monitoring area, multiply the average value of the leakage temperature deviation by the leakage number to obtain the leakage coefficient of the monitoring area, and mark it as lous i ;

[0025] C2: Preset the leakage coefficient interval. When the leakage coefficient is not within the preset leakage coefficient interval, send the leakage coefficient to the processing unit; when the leakage coefficient is within the preset leakage coefficient interval, generate a leakage danger signal and send it to the management center.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the analysis of the processing unit for landslide risk and piping risk is:

[0027] The specific steps of the processing unit for analyzing the dam landslide are:

[0028] D1: Obtain the infiltration risk coefficient dgs, the comprehensive abnormal water content value hwl and the deformation coefficient chs, and obtain the landslide coefficient lbs through the preset model lbs = a1×dgs + a2×hwl + a3×chs, where a1, a2 and a2 are the weight factor coefficients respectively;

[0029] D2: Preset the landslide intervals Rge1 and Rge2. When the landslide coefficient lbs belongs to the landslide interval Rge1, generate a general landslide risk signal. When the landslide coefficient lbs belongs to the landslide interval Rge2, generate a severe landslide risk signal;

[0030] D3: Send the generated general landslide risk signal and severe landslide risk signal to the management center;

[0031] The specific steps for the processing unit to analyze piping are as follows:

[0032] E1: Obtain the leakage flow rate of the wet monitoring area corresponding to the leakage coefficient lous i and mark it as liu i， Obtain gan = v1 × lous i × liu i piping coefficient, where V1 represents the correction factor;

[0033] E2: Preset piping intervals Y1 and Y2. When the piping coefficient is within Y1, mark the monitoring area as a general risk monitoring area. When the piping coefficient is within Y2, mark the monitoring area as a severe risk monitoring area; Integrate the numbers and positions of all the wet monitoring areas marked as general risk monitoring areas into the general piping monitoring area set one by one; Integrate the numbers and positions of all the wet monitoring areas marked as severe risk monitoring areas into the severe piping monitoring area set one by one; Send the obtained general piping monitoring area set and severe piping monitoring area set to the management center.

[0034] As a preferred implementation mode of the present invention, the steps for the management center to process the received dam data, abnormal phreatic line, dangerous water content set, landslide general risk signal, landslide severe risk signal, general piping monitoring area set and severe piping monitoring area set and score the dam are as follows:

[0035] F1: Save the dam data, obtain the save time, compare and analyze the save time with the current time to obtain the save duration, preset the standard duration, and delete the dam data of that date when the save duration is greater than or equal to the preset standard duration;

[0036] F2: When receiving the abnormal phreatic line, dangerous water content set, landslide severe risk signal, and severe piping monitoring area set, trigger a first-level alarm;

[0037] F3: When receiving the landslide general risk signal and the general piping monitoring area set or any one of them, perform a state analysis on the dam to obtain the dam state score grade. Specifically: Mark the preset value corresponding to the landslide general risk signal as lbc, and obtain the current dam state score grade through the preset model grade = 100 + x1 × lbc + x2 × nu3 / (gu1 + su1), where 0 > x1 > x2, gu1 and su1 are the numbers of dry monitoring areas and wet monitoring areas respectively, and nu3 is the number of leakage points;

[0038] F4: Preset dike status score intervals Se1, Se2, and Se3. When the dike status score grade is within Se1, it is generated that the dike status is excellent and displayed in text form. When the dike status score grade is within Se2, it is generated that the dike status is normal and displayed in text form. When the dike status score grade is within Se3, it is generated that the dike status is abnormal and displayed in text form, triggering a secondary alarm.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0040] 1. By obtaining dike data through soil moisture sensors, displacement sensors, crack sensors, and temperature sensors, and calculating and analyzing the dike data to obtain dike status information, multi-dimensional monitoring of the soil moisture content, phreatic line, deformation, and internal leakage of the dike is achieved, improving the efficiency of dike inspection, analysis, and processing, and obtaining the dike status more comprehensively and quickly and feeding it back to the management center and maintenance personnel.

[0041] 2. By regularly and automatically detecting whether the phreatic line is abnormal, dangerous water content, landslide, and piping risks occur in the dike through the dike status information, discovering potential dike safety hazards, triggering an alarm and sending it to both the management center and dike maintenance personnel simultaneously, realizing human-machine linkage, and timely monitoring the dike and preventing dangerous situations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] For the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Figure 1 It is the system general block diagram of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 It is the dike schematic diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0045] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the dike monitoring and analysis system based on multi-sensor technology includes multiple sensors. The multiple sensors include soil moisture sensors, displacement sensors, crack sensors, seepage flow sensors, and temperature sensors; it also includes an information acquisition unit, an information analysis unit, a processing unit, and a management center;

[0047] The information collection unit is used to collect the water content, displacement cracks, leakage flow, and temperature of multiple sensors installed on the dam, and send them to the information analysis unit and the management center;

[0048] Please refer to Figure 2 As shown, the dam is divided into several monitoring areas, each monitoring area is numbered, denoted as i = 1, 2, 3, ……, n, where n is a positive integer. A soil moisture sensor, a displacement sensor, a crack sensor, a seepage flow sensor, and a temperature sensor are installed in each monitoring area of the dam;

[0049] The information analysis unit analyzes the dam data as follows:

[0050] The monitoring and processing steps for the water content of the dam are as follows: The dam is divided into dry areas and wet areas. The monitoring areas above the water surface are marked as dry monitoring areas, and those below the water surface are marked as wet monitoring areas. The wet monitoring areas are marked as wet monitoring areas. The numbers of dry monitoring areas and wet monitoring areas are respectively counted and marked as gu1 and su1. The proportion of wet monitoring areas is obtained by dividing the number of wet monitoring areas by the sum of the numbers of dry monitoring areas and wet monitoring areas. Preset proportion intervals Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, where Z1, Z2, and Z3 respectively correspond to the infiltration coefficients d j and the infiltration duration t j , where j = 1, 2, 3, d1 is the infiltration coefficient corresponding to the preset proportion interval Z1, d2 is the infiltration coefficient corresponding to the preset proportion interval Z2, d3 is the infiltration coefficient corresponding to the preset proportion interval Z3, t1 represents the infiltration line risk duration when the proportion of wet monitoring areas is in the preset proportion interval Z1, t2 represents the infiltration line risk duration when the proportion of wet monitoring areas is in the preset proportion interval Z2, and t3 represents the infiltration line risk duration when the proportion of wet monitoring areas is in the preset proportion interval Z3; When the proportion of wet monitoring areas is in Z1 or Z2 or Z3, the corresponding infiltration coefficient d j and the infiltration line risk duration t j are obtained, and the infiltration risk coefficient dgs is obtained through a preset model and sent to the processing unit; When the proportion of wet monitoring areas is within the preset proportion interval Z4, it is marked as infiltration line abnormality, and the number of dry monitoring areas gu1, the number of wet monitoring areas su1, and the infiltration line abnormality are sent to the management center;

[0051] The water content of the dam body in the wet monitoring area is obtained, and a line graph of the water content of the dam body versus time is obtained. Preset the water content safety threshold and the water content warning value, marked as s1 and s2, where s2 is greater than s1;

[0052] When the water content of the dam body is between s1 and s2, it is marked as wet abnormal water content, and the corresponding wet monitoring area is marked as a wet abnormal monitoring area. The wet abnormal water content corresponding to the wet abnormal monitoring area is marked as wi , by presetting the model Obtain the comprehensive abnormal moisture value hwl and send it to the processing unit; when the moisture content of the dam body is greater than the moisture content warning value, it is marked as dangerous moisture content, and the corresponding wet monitoring area is marked as a dangerous moisture content monitoring area. The dangerous moisture content, number and location of all marked dangerous moisture content monitoring areas are counted, and they are integrated into a dangerous moisture content set one by one. The dangerous moisture content set is then sent to the management center;

[0053] It should be noted that when there is no abnormal wet monitoring area in monitoring area i, then w i The value is zero;

[0054] The analysis of dam deformation is as follows:

[0055] Obtain the horizontal and vertical displacements of the embankment and mark them as X, Y, and calculate them by the formula Displacement distance ju;

[0056] Get the longitudinal crack value and transverse crack value of each monitoring area and mark them as fz i 、fh i , obtained by formula The total crack value fsum, where b1 and b2 are the weight factor coefficients of the longitudinal crack value and the transverse crack value respectively;

[0057] It should be noted that when there is no longitudinal crack value and transverse crack value in monitoring area i, fz i 、fh i The value is zero;

[0058] The deformation coefficient chs is obtained by the preset model chs = c1 × ju + c2 × fsum, where c1 and c2 are weighting factors of displacement distance and total crack value, respectively;

[0059] Analysis of water seepage in dams, specifically:

[0060] Obtain the temperature value of each monitoring point in the wet monitoring area of the dam and the depth of each temperature measurement point, mark them as tpe and h respectively, preset depth intervals H1, H2 and H3, each depth interval corresponds to a standard temperature interval, match all temperature values and depths to the corresponding standard temperature interval one by one, calculate the temperature deviation between the temperature value and the standard temperature, and mark it as pcl. When the temperature deviation is greater than the preset deviation, it is marked as a vulnerability temperature deviation. Calculate the average value of the vulnerability temperature deviation and mark it as pcl. Count the number of all vulnerabilities in the wet monitoring area and mark it as nu3. Multiply the average value of the vulnerability temperature deviation by the number of vulnerabilities to obtain the vulnerability coefficient of the monitoring area and mark it as lous i , send the vulnerability number nu3 to the management center;

[0061] It should be noted that when there is no temperature deviation in the i-monitoring area, lous i takes a value of zero;

[0062] Preset the leakage coefficient interval P1. When the leakage coefficient is not within P1, the leakage coefficient lous i is sent to the processing unit; when the leakage coefficient is within P1, a leakage danger signal is generated and sent to the management center;

[0063] The analysis of the dam landslide by the processing unit is as follows:

[0064] Obtain the infiltration risk coefficient dgs, the comprehensive abnormal water content value hwl, and the deformation coefficient chs;

[0065] The landslide coefficient lbs is obtained through the preset model lbs = a1×dgs + a2×hwl + a3×chs, where a1, a2, and a2 are weight factor coefficients respectively;

[0066] Preset the landslide intervals Rge1 and Rge2. When the landslide coefficient lbs belongs to the landslide interval Rge1, a general landslide risk signal is generated. When the landslide coefficient lbs belongs to the landslide interval Rge2, a serious landslide risk signal is generated;

[0067] Send the generated general landslide risk signal and serious landslide risk signal to the management center;

[0068] The analysis of the piping by the processing unit is as follows:

[0069] Obtain the leakage flow rate of the wet monitoring area corresponding to the leakage coefficient lous i and mark it as liu i， The piping coefficient gan = v1×lous i ×liu is obtained through the preset model i where V1 represents the correction factor;

[0070] Preset the piping intervals Y1 and Y2. When the piping coefficient is within Y1, mark the monitoring area as a general risk monitoring area. When the piping coefficient is within Y2, mark the monitoring area as a serious risk monitoring area;

[0071] Integrate the numbers and positions of all the wet monitoring areas marked as general risk monitoring areas into the general piping monitoring area set one by one; integrate the numbers and positions of all the wet monitoring areas marked as serious risk monitoring areas into the serious piping monitoring area set one by one; send the obtained general piping monitoring area set and serious piping monitoring area set to the management center;

[0072] The steps for the management center to process the received dam data, abnormal phreatic line, dangerous water content set, general landslide risk signal, severe landslide risk signal, general piping monitoring area set and severe piping monitoring area set and score the dam are as follows:

[0073] Save the dam data and obtain the save time. Compare the save time with the current time to analyze and obtain the save duration. Preset a standard duration. When the save duration is greater than or equal to the preset standard duration, delete the dam data for that date;

[0074] When receiving abnormal phreatic line, dangerous water content set, severe landslide risk signal, and severe piping monitoring area set, trigger a first-level alarm;

[0075] When receiving the general landslide risk signal and the general piping monitoring area set or either of them, analyze the dam status to obtain the dam status score grade. Specifically: Mark the preset value corresponding to the general landslide risk signal as lbc, and obtain the current dam status score grade through the preset model grade = 100 + x1×lbc + x2×nu3 / (gu1 + su1), where 0 > x1 > x2; gu1 and su1 are the numbers of dry monitoring areas and wet monitoring areas respectively, and nu3 is the number of loopholes;

[0076] Preset dam status score intervals Se1, Se2, and Se3. When the dam status score grade is within Se1, generate that the dam status is excellent and display it in text form. When the dam status score grade is within Se1, generate that the dam status is normal and display it in text form. When the dam status score grade is within Se1, generate that the dam status is abnormal and display it in text form, and trigger a second-level alarm.

[0077] When this invention is in use, obtain dam data through soil humidity sensors, displacement sensors, crack sensors, seepage flow sensors and temperature sensors, analyze the dam data to obtain the infiltration risk coefficient dgs, deformation coefficient chs, and loopholes coefficient lous i , abnormal phreatic line and dangerous water content set, and send the infiltration risk coefficient dgs, deformation coefficient chs, and loopholes coefficient lous i to the processing unit, and send the abnormal phreatic line and dangerous water content set to the management center. The processing unit processes the received infiltration risk coefficient dgs, deformation coefficient chs, and loopholes coefficient lous iComprehensive analysis is carried out to obtain general landslide risk signals, severe landslide risk signals, sets of general piping monitoring areas and sets of severe piping monitoring areas, which are sent to the management center. The management center calculates the dam operation score based on the received dam status signals, realizing multi-dimensional monitoring of the dam, improving the efficiency of dam inspection, analysis and processing, and obtaining the dam status more comprehensively and quickly, and feeding it back to the management center and maintenance personnel.

[0078] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor limit the invention to only the specific embodiments. Obviously, many modifications and variations can be made according to the content of this specification. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is only limited by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A dam monitoring and analysis system based on multi-sensor technology, comprising multiple sensors, an information collection unit, and a management center. The multiple sensors include soil moisture sensors, displacement sensors, crack sensors, seepage sensors, and temperature sensors. The information collection unit is used to collect dam data from multiple sensors installed on the dam. The system is characterized by: It also includes an information analysis unit and a processing unit; The information analysis unit is used to analyze the dam water content, dam deformation, and water seepage data to obtain the infiltration risk coefficient dgs, deformation coefficient chs, and leakage coefficient lous i , infiltration line anomaly and dangerous water collection, and infiltration risk coefficient dgs, deformation coefficient chs, leakage coefficient lous i Send to the processing unit, send the abnormal infiltration line and dangerous water content collection to the management center; The process of processing the water content of the dam is as follows: zoning the dam into dry monitoring areas and wet monitoring areas, counting the number of dry monitoring areas and wet monitoring areas, dividing the number of wet monitoring areas by the sum of the number of dry monitoring areas and wet monitoring areas to obtain the proportion of wet monitoring areas, comparing and analyzing the proportion of wet monitoring areas with the preset proportion interval to obtain the corresponding infiltration coefficient, infiltration line risk duration, and infiltration line anomaly; processing the infiltration coefficient and infiltration line risk duration to obtain the infiltration risk coefficient dgs; The information analysis unit monitors and processes the water content of the dam in the following steps: A1: Divide the embankment into several monitoring zones, numbering each zone as i = 1, 2, 3, ..., n, where n is a positive integer. Install soil moisture sensors, displacement sensors, crack sensors, seepage sensors, and temperature sensors in each monitoring zone of the embankment. A2: Divide the dam into dry and wet areas. Monitoring areas above the water surface are marked as dry, and those below the water surface are marked as wet. Count the number of dry and wet monitoring areas, respectively. Divide the number of wet monitoring areas by the sum of the number of dry and wet monitoring areas to obtain the percentage of wet monitoring areas. Compare and analyze the percentage of wet monitoring areas with the preset percentage range to obtain the corresponding infiltration coefficient, infiltration line risk duration, and infiltration line anomaly. Send the infiltration coefficient and infiltration line risk duration to the processing unit, and send the number of dry and wet monitoring areas, as well as infiltration line anomaly, to the management center. A3: Obtain the dam body moisture content in the wet monitoring area, obtain a line graph of the dam body moisture content versus time, preset a moisture content safety threshold and a moisture content warning value, and when the dam body moisture content is between the moisture content safety threshold and the moisture content warning value, mark it as abnormal wet moisture content, and mark the corresponding wet monitoring area as an abnormal wet moisture monitoring area. Calculate the comprehensive abnormal moisture content value and send it to the processing unit. When the dam body moisture content is greater than the moisture content warning value, mark it as dangerous moisture content, and mark the corresponding wet monitoring area as a dangerous moisture monitoring area. Count the dangerous moisture content, number, and location of all marked dangerous moisture monitoring areas, integrate them one by one into a dangerous moisture collection, and send the dangerous moisture collection to the management center. The process of processing dam deformation is as follows: obtain the horizontal and vertical displacements of the dam and calculate the displacement distance; then obtain the longitudinal and transverse crack values of each monitoring area and calculate the total crack value; process the displacement distance and total crack value to obtain the deformation coefficient chs; The process of water seepage analysis and processing is as follows: obtain the temperature value of each monitoring point in the wet monitoring area of the dam and the depth of each temperature measuring point and analyze them to obtain the leakage temperature deviation, and process the leakage temperature deviation to obtain the leakage coefficient lous i ; The processing unit is used to convert the infiltration risk factor dgs, deformation coefficient chs and leakage coefficient lous i Comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain general landslide risk signals, severe landslide risk signals, general piping monitoring area sets, and severe piping monitoring area sets, which are then sent to the management center. The management center is used to receive dam data and dam status signals, store and manage the dam data, process the dam status signals, trigger alarms and score the dam status. The dam status signals include infiltration line anomalies, dangerous water content sets, general landslide risk signals, severe landslide risk signals, general piping monitoring area sets and severe piping monitoring area sets.

2. The dam monitoring and analysis system based on multi-sensor technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The embankment data includes embankment moisture content, displacement, cracks, leakage flow and temperature. The soil moisture sensor is used to monitor the embankment moisture content; the displacement sensor is used to monitor the embankment displacement, the crack sensor is used to monitor the embankment cracks, the seepage sensor is used to monitor the embankment leakage flow, and the temperature sensor is used to monitor the internal temperature of the embankment. The embankment displacement includes horizontal position, vertical position, transverse cracks and longitudinal cracks.

3. The dam monitoring and analysis system based on multi-sensor technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The information analysis unit analyzes the dam deformation as follows: B1: Obtain the horizontal and vertical displacements of the embankment and mark them as X, Y, and calculate them using the formula Displacement distance ju; B2: Obtain the longitudinal crack value and transverse crack value of each monitoring area and mark them as fz i 、fh i , obtained by formula The total crack value fsum, where b1 and b2 are the weight factor coefficients of the longitudinal crack value and the transverse crack value respectively; B3: The deformation coefficient chs is obtained by the preset model chs=c1×ju+c2×fsum, where c1 and c2 are the weighting factors of displacement distance and total crack value respectively.

4. The dam monitoring and analysis system based on multi-sensor technology according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The information analysis unit analyzes water seepage, specifically: C1: Obtain the temperature value of each monitoring point in the wet monitoring area of the dam and the depth of each temperature measurement point, preset the depth interval, each depth interval corresponds to a standard temperature interval, match all temperature values and depths to the corresponding standard temperature interval, and calculate the temperature deviation between the temperature value and the standard temperature. When the temperature deviation is greater than the preset deviation, it is marked as a leak temperature deviation. The average value of the leak temperature deviation is calculated, and the number of all leaks in the wet monitoring area is counted. The average value of the leak temperature deviation is multiplied by the number of leaks to obtain the leak coefficient of the monitoring area, which is marked as a leak. i ; C2； A preset vulnerability coefficient interval is set. When the vulnerability coefficient is not within the preset vulnerability coefficient interval, the vulnerability coefficient is sent to the processing unit; when the vulnerability coefficient is within the preset vulnerability coefficient interval, a vulnerability danger signal is generated and sent to the management center.

5. The dam monitoring and analysis system based on multi-sensor technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The analysis of landslide risk and piping risk in the processing unit is as follows: The analysis of embankment landslide by the processing unit is as follows: D1: Obtain the infiltration risk coefficient dgs, the comprehensive abnormal water content hwl and the deformation coefficient chs, and calculate the landslide coefficient lbs using the preset model lbs=a1×dgs+a2×hwl+a3×chs, where a1, a2 and a3 are weight factor coefficients respectively; D2: Preset landslide intervals Rge1 and Rge2. When the landslide coefficient lbs belongs to the landslide interval Rge1, a general landslide risk signal is generated. When the landslide coefficient lbs belongs to the landslide interval Rge2, a severe landslide risk signal is generated. D3: Send the generated general landslide risk signal and severe landslide risk signal to the management center; The processing unit's analysis of piping is: E1: Get the corresponding vulnerability coefficient lous i The leaky traffic in the wet monitoring area is marked as liu i， Obtained by pre-set model Piping coefficient, where V1 represents the correction factor; E2: Preset piping intervals Y1 and Y2. When the piping coefficient is within Y1, the monitoring area is marked as a general risk monitoring area. When the piping coefficient is within Y2, the monitoring area is marked as a severe risk monitoring area. All wet monitoring areas marked as general risk monitoring areas will be integrated into the general piping monitoring area set according to their numbers and positions; all wet monitoring areas marked as severe risk monitoring areas will be integrated into the severe piping monitoring area set according to their numbers and positions; the obtained general piping monitoring area set and severe piping monitoring area set will be sent to the management center.

6. The dam monitoring and analysis system based on multi-sensor technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The management center processes the received dam data, infiltration line anomalies, dangerous water collection, general landslide risk signals, severe landslide risk signals, general piping monitoring area collections, and severe piping monitoring area collections, and scores the dam status in the following steps: F1: Save the dam data and obtain the saving time. Compare the saving time with the current time to obtain the saving duration. The preset standard duration is used. When the saving duration is greater than or equal to the preset standard duration, the dam data of that date will be deleted. F2: When receiving abnormal infiltration line or dangerous water content or severe landslide risk signal or severe piping monitoring area signal, a level 1 alarm is triggered; F3: When a general landslide risk signal or a general piping monitoring area set or either of the two is received, the dam status is analyzed to obtain the dam status score grade. Specifically, the preset value corresponding to the general landslide risk signal is marked as lbc, and the current dam status score grade is calculated using the preset model grade = 100 + x1 × lbc + x2 × nu3 / (gu1 + su1), where 0>x1>x2; gu1 and su1 are the number of dry monitoring areas and wet monitoring areas, respectively, and nu3 is the number of leaks. F4: The preset dam status score intervals are Se1, Se2 and Se3. When the dam status score grade is within Se1, the dam status is excellent and displayed in text form. When the dam status score grade is within Se2, the dam status is normal and displayed in text form. When the dam status score grade is within Se3, the dam status is abnormal and displayed in text form, and a second-level alarm is triggered.

Images