Data Center Heat Pipe Composite Air Conditioning System and Its Operation Method

Abstract

Data center heat pipe composite air conditioning system and its operation method, including a heat pipe module, a mechanical cooling module, a standby refrigeration module and a waste heat recovery module. The waste heat recovery module includes a heat supply end and a heat storage device, the standby refrigeration module includes a standby evaporator, the three-fluid heat exchanger includes an inner pipe, an outer pipe and fins on the outer pipe, the inner pipe forms a first working fluid channel, and the inner pipe and the outer pipe form a second working fluid channel. The heat pipe module and the mechanical cooling module are respectively connected to the second working fluid channel and the first working fluid channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger, and both the standby refrigeration module and the waste heat recovery module are connected to the mechanical cooling module. The system operates according to the indoor and outdoor environmental temperatures and the heat pipe evaporation temperature, adopting a heat pipe natural cooling mode, a heat pipe coupled mechanical refrigeration mode, a heat pipe, mechanical and standby refrigeration mode and a waste heat recovery mode. The present invention can realize the switching between different modes, can meet the cooling requirements of the data center, and improves the energy utilization rate of the system and reduces energy consumption through waste heat recovery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration and air conditioning, and in particular to a data center heat pipe composite air conditioning system and an operating method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid growth of Internet data centers (IDCs), the data they process is growing exponentially. The large number of high-power electronic devices installed in data centers will generate a lot of heat during uninterrupted operation, and the cooling system for cooling the data center consumes a huge amount of electric energy. According to statistics, the energy consumption of IDC air conditioning and refrigeration systems accounts for about 30% to 50% of the total energy consumption of data centers, which has affected the operating costs of data centers, etc., and it is urgent to reduce the energy consumption of cooling equipment.

[0003] Existing data center refrigeration systems and methods include using outdoor natural heat dissipation modules or jointly achieving heat dissipation with spare outdoor heat dissipation modules, such as a data center refrigeration system disclosed in Chinese patent CN114599199A; and using a combination of one-way flow of air outside the computer room and internal circulation heat dissipation and refrigeration to achieve flexible refrigeration, such as a refrigeration system and data center disclosed in Chinese patent CN114126322A; and using a combination of natural cooling devices, fan coils, mechanical refrigeration equipment, etc. to perform high-performance refrigeration, such as a data center extended-range refrigeration system and data center disclosed in Chinese patent CN115023094A. Although the above-mentioned prior arts have improved the refrigeration efficiency, the utilization rate of natural cold sources is still not high, and the recovery rate of low-grade waste heat in the data center is not high, resulting in high energy consumption; the cabinets used in the data center are mostly floor air supply, and the temperature in the cabinet increases with the height of the location, resulting in uneven distribution of cold air flow in the cabinet, making electronic equipment with high heat dissipation prone to failure. Therefore, how to design an air conditioning system with high efficiency and high heat recovery rate is a problem that still needs to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a data center heat pipe composite air conditioning system and an operating method thereof.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a data center heat pipe composite air conditioning system, including a heat pipe module, a mechanical cooling module, a standby refrigeration module and a waste heat recovery module.

[0006] The heat pipe module comprises a first heat pipe evaporator, a second heat pipe evaporator, a third heat pipe evaporator, a first throttling device, a second throttling device, a third throttling device in a cabinet, and a fluorine pump and a first liquid reservoir outside the cabinet; the input ends of the first heat pipe evaporator, the second heat pipe evaporator and the third heat pipe evaporator are respectively connected to the output ends of the first throttling device, the second throttling device and the third throttling device, the input ends of the first throttling device, the second throttling device and the third throttling device are all connected to the output end of the fluorine pump, and the input end of the fluorine pump is connected to the output end of the first liquid reservoir.

[0007] The mechanical cooling module includes a one-way valve, a gas-liquid separator, a compressor, a condenser, a second liquid reservoir, a fourth throttling device, a first solenoid valve, a first circulating pump, an air-cooled chiller, a second circulating pump, a first check valve with flow control and a second check valve with flow control; the output end of the one-way valve is connected to the input end of the gas-liquid separator, the output end of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the input end of the compressor, the output end of the compressor is connected to the first input end of the condenser, the first output end of the condenser is connected to the input end of the second liquid reservoir, the output end of the second liquid reservoir is connected to the input end of the fourth throttling device, and the output end of the fourth throttling device is connected to the input end of the first solenoid valve; the second output end of the condenser is connected to the first check valve with flow control, the second check valve with flow control and the input end of the first circulating pump in sequence, the output end of the first circulating pump is connected to the input end of the air-cooled chiller, the output end of the air-cooled chiller is connected to the input end of the second circulating pump, and the output end of the second circulating pump is connected to the second input end of the condenser.

[0008] The waste heat recovery module includes a first control valve, a second control valve, a heating end, a third control valve, a fourth control valve, a plate heat exchanger and a heat storage device; the output end of the first control valve is connected to the input end of the heating end, and the output end of the heating end is connected to the input end of the second control valve; the output end of the third control valve is connected to the input end of the fourth control valve through the plate heat exchanger.

[0009] The standby refrigeration module includes a standby evaporator, a fifth throttling device, a second solenoid valve and a third solenoid valve; the standby evaporator input end is connected to the fifth throttling device output end, the fifth throttling device input end is connected to the second solenoid valve output end, and the standby evaporator output end is connected to the third solenoid valve input end.

[0010] The three-fluid heat exchanger comprises a concentric inner tube, an outer tube and fins vertically fixed on the outer circumferential surface of the outer tube. The space inside the inner tube forms a first working medium channel, and the channel between the inner tube and the outer tube forms a second working medium channel.

[0011] The heat pipe module is connected to the second working medium channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger, the mechanical cooling module is connected to the first working medium channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger, and the standby refrigeration module and the waste heat recovery module are both connected to the mechanical cooling module.

[0012] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the output ends of the first heat pipe evaporator, the second heat pipe evaporator and the third heat pipe evaporator in the heat pipe module are all connected to the input end of the second working fluid channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger, and the input end of the first liquid reservoir in the heat pipe module is connected to the output end of the second working fluid channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger; the input end of the one-way valve in the mechanical cooling module is connected to the output end of the first working fluid channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger, and the output end of the first solenoid valve in the mechanical cooling module is connected to the input end of the first working fluid channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger; the input end of the first control valve in the waste heat recovery module is connected to the second output end of the condenser, the output end of the second control valve is connected to the output end of the first check valve with flow control, the input end of the third control valve is connected to the output end of the first check valve with flow control, and the output end of the fourth control valve is connected to the output end of the second check valve with flow control; the input end of the second solenoid valve in the standby refrigeration module is connected to the output end of the fourth throttling device in the mechanical cooling module, and the output end of the third solenoid valve in the standby refrigeration module is connected to the output end of the one-way valve in the mechanical cooling module.

[0013] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the first heat pipe evaporator, the second heat pipe evaporator and the third heat pipe evaporator are fixedly installed in the cabinet in a top-down order, and the mechanical cooling module and the three-fluid heat exchanger are both installed outside the data center.

[0014] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the first control valve, the second control valve and the heating end form waste heat recovery at the heating end, and the third control valve, the fourth control valve, the plate heat exchanger and the heat storage device form heat storage waste heat recovery.

[0015] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the first working medium channel is a refrigerant flow channel used for mechanical refrigeration, and the refrigerant used for mechanical refrigeration is R134a; the second working medium channel is a refrigerant flow channel used for natural cooling of heat pipes, and the refrigerant used for natural cooling of heat pipes is carbon dioxide.

[0016] Another technical solution provided by the present invention is: the operation method of the aforementioned data center heat pipe composite air conditioning system selects a heat dissipation and cooling mode according to the outdoor ambient temperature, including:

[0017] A. If the outdoor ambient temperature is less than 12°C, start the first heat pipe evaporator, the second heat pipe evaporator, the third heat pipe evaporator, the fluorine pump and the three-fluid heat exchanger. The heat pipe module is connected to the second working fluid channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger to form a natural cooling refrigeration circuit. The refrigerant exchanges heat with the cold air around the fin in the second working fluid channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger and condenses. The condensed refrigerant in the second working fluid channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger passes through the first liquid reservoir and the fluorine pump from its outlet in sequence, and then flows to the first throttling device, the second throttling device, and the third throttling device at the output end of the fluorine pump. Under the action of the fluorine pump, it flows to the output ends of the first heat pipe evaporator, the second heat pipe evaporator, and the third heat pipe evaporator to absorb the heat of the data center. The refrigerant after heat exchange flows back to the second working fluid channel through the input end of the three-fluid heat exchanger and circulates in sequence.

[0018] B. If the outdoor ambient temperature is greater than 12°C and less than 40°C, further open the one-way valve and the first solenoid valve, and start the gas-liquid separator, the compressor, the condenser, the first circulating pump, the air-cooled chiller, the second circulating pump, the first check valve with flow control and the second check valve with flow control; the heat pipe module is connected to the second working fluid channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger to form a natural cooling circuit, and the mechanical cooling module is connected to the first working fluid channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger to form a mechanical refrigeration circuit. The refrigerant in the first working fluid channel circulates through the one-way valve, the gas-liquid separator, the compressor, the condenser, the second liquid storage device, the fourth throttling device and the first solenoid valve, and heat is exchanged between the refrigerant in the first working fluid channel and the refrigerant in the second working fluid channel in the three-fluid heat exchanger; at the same time, the condensation of the refrigerant in the first working fluid channel is adjusted by the first circulating pump, the air-cooled chiller, the second circulating pump, the first check valve with flow control, the second check valve with flow control and the condenser.

[0019] C. If the outdoor ambient temperature is greater than 40°C, or the temperature of the first heat pipe evaporator, the second heat pipe evaporator or the third heat pipe evaporator is greater than 23°C, the standby evaporator, the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are further opened, and the evaporator heat pipe module, the mechanical cooling module and the standby refrigeration module with a temperature lower than 23°C form a loop, that is, the output end of the standby evaporator is connected to the third solenoid valve, the gas-liquid separator, the compressor, the condenser, the second liquid storage device, and the input end of the fourth throttling device in sequence, and the output end of the fourth throttling device is connected to the second solenoid valve, the fifth throttling device, and the input end of the standby evaporator in sequence, and heat exchange of the standby evaporator is achieved through the condenser.

[0020] A further technical solution of the present invention is: it also includes: D. when the mechanical cooling module is turned on, the waste heat is recovered by one of the following three methods:

[0021] The first method is to further open the first control valve and the second control valve, and adjust the flow rate of the water output from the output end of the condenser into the heating end through the first control valve with flow control, so as to transfer the heat to the heating end to realize heating.

[0022] The second method is to further open the third control valve and the fourth control valve, and adjust the flow rate of the water output from the output end of the condenser into the heat storage device through the third control valve by the second check valve with flow control, so as to transfer the heat to the heat storage device to complete the heat storage.

[0023] The third method: open the first control valve, the second control valve, the third control valve, and the fourth control valve, and respectively adjust the flow rate of the first check valve with flow control and the second check valve with flow control through the first control valve and the third control valve to allow the higher temperature water output from the output end of the condenser to flow into the heating end and the heat storage device, thereby transferring heat to the heating end and the heat storage device.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following characteristics:

[0025] 1. The heat pipe composite air-conditioning system provided by the present invention adopts heat pipe technology, cascade refrigeration technology, and evaporative compression refrigeration technology, and performs refrigerant flow distribution and mode switching according to the indoor and outdoor temperature difference of the data center and the heat load of the data center. The addition of cascade refrigeration technology broadens the operating temperature range of the heat pipe cooling cabinet, solves the problem that the heat pipe cannot function well when the ambient temperature inside and outside the data center is not much different, and better utilizes the outdoor natural cold source.

[0026] 2. The heat pipe composite air-conditioning system provided by the present invention is provided with a waste heat recovery module to absorb the low-grade waste heat generated by the data center equipment, and the phase change heat transfer in the three-fluid heat exchanger is better than the heat exchange effect of the liquid phase and gas phase heat exchangers, and more low-grade waste heat is absorbed, and the required heat exchanger area is smaller.

[0027] 3. The heat pipe composite air conditioning system provided by the present invention adopts a three-way heat pipe evaporator in parallel to cool the cabinet. By adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant in the three-way heat pipe evaporator, the cooling effect of the upper, middle and lower parts of the cabinet can be adjusted, thereby reducing the temperature difference and curbing the occurrence of local overheating in the cabinet.

[0028] The detailed structure of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is the structural connection diagram of the heat pipe composite air conditioning system;

[0030] Figure 2 This is the structural diagram of the heat pipe natural cooling module;

[0031] Figure 3 This is the structural diagram of the mechanical cooling module;

[0032] Figure 4 (a) and (b) are diagrams of the heat supply end and heat storage structure of the waste heat recovery module;

[0033] Figure 5 This is the structural diagram of the standby refrigeration module;

[0034] Figure 6 It is the structural diagram of three-fluid heat exchanger;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a flow chart of the operation mode of the heat pipe composite air conditioning system in the data center. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1-6 As shown, the heat pipe composite air conditioning system of the data center includes a heat pipe module 1, a mechanical cooling module 2, a waste heat recovery module 3, a standby refrigeration module 4 and a three-fluid heat exchanger 5.

[0037] The heat pipe module 1 comprises a first heat pipe evaporator 11, a second heat pipe evaporator 12, a third heat pipe evaporator 13, a first throttling device 14, a second throttling device 15, a third throttling device 16 in the cabinet and a fluorine pump 17 and a first liquid reservoir 18 outside the cabinet.

[0038] The first heat pipe evaporator 11, the second heat pipe evaporator 12 and the third heat pipe evaporator 13 are fixedly installed in the cabinet in a top-down order. The input ends of the first heat pipe evaporator 11, the second heat pipe evaporator 12 and the third heat pipe evaporator 13 are respectively connected to the output ends of the first throttling device 14, the second throttling device 15 and the third throttling device 16. The input ends of the first throttling device 14, the second throttling device 15 and the third throttling device 16 are all connected to the output end of the fluorine pump 7, and the input end of the fluorine pump 17 is connected to the output end of the first liquid reservoir 18.

[0039] The mechanical cooling module 2 includes a one-way valve 21, a gas-liquid separator 22, a compressor 23, a condenser 24, a second liquid reservoir 25, a fourth throttling device 26, a first solenoid valve 27, a first circulating pump 28, an air-cooled chiller 29, a second circulating pump 210, a first check valve 211 with flow control, and a second check valve 212 with flow control.

[0040] The output end of the one-way valve 21 is connected to the input end of the gas-liquid separator 22, the output end of the gas-liquid separator 22 is connected to the input end of the compressor 23, the output end of the compressor 23 is connected to the first input end of the condenser 24, the first output end of the condenser 24 is connected to the input end of the second liquid reservoir 25, the output end of the second liquid reservoir 25 is connected to the input end of the fourth throttling device 26, and the output end of the fourth throttling device 26 is connected to the input end of the first solenoid valve 27; the second output end of the condenser 24 is connected to the first check valve 211 with flow control, the second check valve 212 with flow control and the input end of the first circulation pump 28 in sequence, the output end of the first circulation pump 28 is connected to the input end of the air-cooled chiller 29, the output end of the air-cooled chiller 29 is connected to the input end of the second circulation pump 210, and the output end of the second circulation pump 210 is connected to the second input end of the condenser 24.

[0041] The waste heat recovery module 3 includes a first control valve 31, a second control valve 32, a heating end 33, a third control valve 34, a fourth control valve 35, a plate heat exchanger 36 and a heat storage device 37. The first control valve 31, the second control valve 32 and the heating end 33 form a heating end waste heat recovery, and the third control valve 34, the fourth control valve 35, the plate heat exchanger 36 and the heat storage device 37 form a heat storage waste heat recovery.

[0042] The output end of the first control valve 31 is connected to the input end of the heating end 33. After heating by the user, the output end of the heating end 33 is connected to the input end of the second control valve 32. The output end of the third control valve 34 is connected to the input end of the fourth control valve 35 through the plate heat exchanger 36. The plate heat exchanger 36 is connected to the heat storage device 37 to realize heat exchange between the plate heat exchanger 36 and the heat storage device 37.

[0043] The standby refrigeration module 4 includes a standby evaporator 41 , a fifth throttling device 42 , a second solenoid valve 43 and a third solenoid valve 44 .

[0044] The input end of the standby evaporator 41 is connected to the output end of the fifth throttling device 42 , the input end of the fifth throttling device 42 is connected to the output end of the second solenoid valve 43 , and the output end of the standby evaporator 41 is connected to the input end of the third solenoid valve 44 .

[0045] The three-fluid heat exchanger 5 includes a concentric inner tube 51, an outer tube 52 and fins 53 vertically fixed on the outer circumferential surface of the outer tube. The space inside the inner tube 51 forms a first working medium channel, which is a refrigerant flow channel used for mechanical refrigeration; the channel between the inner tube 51 and the outer tube 52 forms a second working medium channel, which is a refrigerant flow channel used for natural cooling of the heat pipe. The spacing between the fins 53 enables air to flow therebetween to take away the heat in the outer tube 52.

[0046] The refrigerant used in mechanical refrigeration is an environmentally friendly refrigerant that does not require high pressure on the equipment, such as R134a. Since this type of refrigerant has lower pressure requirements on the condenser and other equipment than carbon dioxide, the equipment manufacturing cost of the mechanical refrigeration circuit is relatively low. 2 ), CO 2 It has no destructive effect on the ozone layer, has better heat transfer characteristics, is safe and non-toxic, non-flammable and non-explosive. Even if a leak occurs, the data center will not suffer much loss, and CO 2 The temperature difference required to drive the heat pipe is smaller, and the natural cooling source can be more fully utilized.

[0047] The mechanical cooling module 2 and the three-fluid heat exchanger 5 are installed outside the data center.

[0048] The output ends of the first heat pipe evaporator 11, the second heat pipe evaporator 12 and the third heat pipe evaporator 13 in the heat pipe module 1 are all connected to the inlet end of the second working medium channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger 5, and the input end of the first liquid reservoir 18 in the heat pipe module 1 is connected to the output end of the second working medium channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger 5; the input end of the one-way valve 21 in the mechanical cooling module 2 is connected to the output end of the first working medium channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger 5, and the output end of the first solenoid valve 27 in the mechanical cooling module 2 is connected to the input end of the first working medium channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger 5; the output end of the first control valve 31 in the waste heat recovery module 3 is connected to the first working medium channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger 5; The input end is connected to the second output end of the condenser 24, the output end of the second control valve 32 is connected to the output end of the first check valve 211 with flow control, the input end of the third control valve 34 is connected to the output end of the first check valve 211 with flow control, and the output end of the fourth control valve 35 is connected to the output end of the second check valve 212 with flow control; the input end of the second solenoid valve 43 in the standby refrigeration module 4 is connected to the output end of the fourth throttling device 26 in the mechanical cooling module 2, and the output end of the third solenoid valve 44 in the standby refrigeration module 4 is connected to the output end of the one-way valve 21 in the mechanical cooling module 2.

[0049] Embodiment 2, as Figure 7 As shown, the operation method of the heat pipe composite air conditioning system for a data center described in Embodiment 1 selects a heat dissipation and cooling mode according to the outdoor ambient temperature, including the following situations:

[0050] A. If the outdoor ambient temperature is less than 12°C, start the first heat pipe evaporator 11, the second heat pipe evaporator 12, the third heat pipe evaporator 13, the fluorine pump 17 and the three-fluid heat exchanger 5, the heat pipe module 1 is connected with the second working medium channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger 5 to form a natural cooling refrigeration circuit, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the cold air around the fins 53 in the second working medium channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger 5, and the condensed refrigerant in the second working medium channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger 5 passes through the first liquid reservoir 18 and the fluorine pump 17 from its outlet in sequence, and flows from the output end of the fluorine pump 17 to the first throttling device 14, the second throttling device 15, and the third throttling device 16 respectively, and flows to the output ends of the first heat pipe evaporator 1, the second heat pipe evaporator 2, and the third heat pipe evaporator 3 under the action of the fluorine pump 7 to absorb the heat of the data center, and the refrigerant after heat exchange flows back to the second working medium channel through the input end of the three-fluid heat exchanger 5, and circulates in sequence to achieve natural cooling of the data center.

[0051] Among them, the first heat pipe evaporator 11, the second heat pipe evaporator 12, and the third heat pipe evaporator 13 are all provided with a first throttling device 14, a second throttling device 15, and a third throttling device 16 connected thereto, which can adjust the refrigerant flow rate of each heat pipe evaporator individually. At the same time, the control system adjusts the fan speed to make the temperature at the air inlet of the data center cabinet more uniform along the height direction, reduce the mixing of cold and hot air flows, and curb the occurrence of local overheating.

[0052] B. If the outdoor ambient temperature is greater than 12°C and less than 40°C, the one-way valve 21 and the first solenoid valve 27 are further opened, and the gas-liquid separator 22, the compressor 23, the condenser 24, the first circulating pump 28, the air-cooled chiller 29, the second circulating pump 210, the first check valve 211 with flow control and the second check valve 212 with flow control are started. The heat pipe module 1 is connected to the second working fluid channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger 5 to form a natural cooling circuit, and the mechanical cooling module 2 is connected to the first working fluid channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger 5 to form a mechanical refrigeration circuit. The refrigerant in the second working fluid channel realizes natural cooling, heat dissipation and refrigeration of the data center. At this time, the outdoor ambient temperature is high, and the cold air around the fins 53 of the three-fluid heat exchanger 5 cannot achieve complete cooling of the data center. Therefore, the mechanical refrigeration circuit further condenses the refrigerant in the second working fluid channel: the refrigerant in the first working fluid channel circulates through the one-way valve 21, the gas-liquid separator 22, the compressor 23, the condenser 24, the second liquid storage device 25, the fourth throttling device 26 and the first solenoid valve 27, and the refrigerant in the first working fluid channel and the refrigerant in the second working fluid channel in the three-fluid heat exchanger 5 are heat exchanged to improve the cooling effect of the data center. At the same time, the condensation effect of the refrigerant in the first working medium channel is adjusted by the first circulating pump 28, the air-cooled chiller 29, the second circulating pump 210, the first check valve 211 with flow control, the second check valve 212 with flow control and the condenser 24.

[0053] C. If the outdoor ambient temperature is greater than 40°C, or the temperature of the first heat pipe evaporator 11, the second heat pipe evaporator 12 or the third heat pipe evaporator 13 is greater than 23°C, the standby evaporator 41, the second solenoid valve 43 and the third solenoid valve 44 are further opened, and the evaporator heat pipe module 1, the mechanical cooling module 2 and the standby refrigeration module 4 whose temperature is lower than 23°C form a loop, that is, the output end of the standby evaporator 41 is connected to the third solenoid valve 44, the gas-liquid separator 22, the compressor 23, the condenser 24, the second liquid storage device 25, and the input end of the fourth throttling device 26 in sequence, and the output end of the fourth throttling device 26 is connected to the second solenoid valve 43, the fifth throttling device 42, and the input end of the standby evaporator 41 in sequence, and heat exchange of the standby evaporator 41 is realized through the condenser 24, thereby realizing standby heat dissipation and refrigeration of the data center.

[0054] Embodiment 3: The operation method of the data center heat pipe composite air conditioning system described in Embodiment 3 is basically similar to the operation method of Embodiment 2, except that it further includes:

[0055] D. Recover waste heat by one of the following three methods: The first method: further open the first control valve 31 and the second control valve 32, adjust the flow rate of the first check valve 211 with flow control so that the water with higher temperature output from the output end of the condenser 24 flows into the heating end 33 through the first control valve 31, and transfer the heat to the heating end 33 to realize heating;

[0056] The second method is to further open the third control valve 34 and the fourth control valve 35, and adjust the flow rate of the water with higher temperature output from the output end of the condenser 24 to flow into the heat storage device 37 through the third control valve 34 through the second check valve 212 with flow control, so as to transfer the heat to the heat storage device 37 to complete the heat storage;

[0057] The third method opens the first control valve 31, the second control valve 32, the third control valve 34, and the fourth control valve 35, and respectively adjusts the flow rate of the first check valve 211 with flow control and the second check valve 212 with flow control, so that the higher temperature water output from the output end of the condenser 24 flows into the heating end 33 and the heat storage device 37 through the first control valve 31 and the third control valve 34, and the heat is transferred to the heating end 33 and the heat storage device 37. The heat energy collected by the heating end 33 and the heat storage device 37 is reused according to actual needs, thereby realizing the recovery of waste heat.

[0058] The heat is recycled and utilized through the heat supply end 33 and the heat storage device 37 , which can further improve the energy utilization rate of the data center and reduce energy consumption while ensuring the normal operation of the data center.

Claims

1. Data center heat pipe composite air conditioning system, Its characteristics are: It includes heat pipe module, mechanical cooling module, standby refrigeration module and waste heat recovery module; The heat pipe module comprises a first heat pipe evaporator, a second heat pipe evaporator, a third heat pipe evaporator, a first throttling device, a second throttling device, a third throttling device in the cabinet, and a fluorine pump and a first liquid reservoir outside the cabinet; the input ends of the first heat pipe evaporator, the second heat pipe evaporator and the third heat pipe evaporator are respectively connected to the output ends of the first throttling device, the second throttling device and the third throttling device, the input ends of the first throttling device, the second throttling device and the third throttling device are all connected to the output end of the fluorine pump, and the input end of the fluorine pump is connected to the output end of the first liquid reservoir; The mechanical cooling module includes a one-way valve, a gas-liquid separator, a compressor, a condenser, a second liquid reservoir, a fourth throttling device, a first solenoid valve, a first circulating pump, an air-cooled chiller, a second circulating pump, a first check valve with flow control, and a second check valve with flow control; the output end of the one-way valve is connected to the input end of the gas-liquid separator, the output end of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the input end of the compressor, the output end of the compressor is connected to the first input end of the condenser, the first output end of the condenser is connected to the input end of the second liquid reservoir, the output end of the second liquid reservoir is connected to the input end of the fourth throttling device, and the output end of the fourth throttling device is connected to the input end of the first solenoid valve; The second output end of the condenser is connected to the first check valve with flow control, the second check valve with flow control and the input end of the first circulation pump in sequence, the output end of the first circulation pump is connected to the input end of the air-cooled chiller, the output end of the air-cooled chiller is connected to the input end of the second circulation pump, and the output end of the second circulation pump is connected to the second input end of the condenser; The waste heat recovery module includes a first control valve, a second control valve, a heating end, a third control valve, a fourth control valve, a plate heat exchanger and a heat storage device; the output end of the first control valve is connected to the input end of the heating end, and the output end of the heating end is connected to the input end of the second control valve; the output end of the third control valve is connected to the input end of the fourth control valve through the plate heat exchanger; The standby refrigeration module includes a standby evaporator, a fifth throttling device, a second solenoid valve and a third solenoid valve; The input end of the standby evaporator is connected to the output end of the fifth throttling device, the input end of the fifth throttling device is connected to the output end of the second solenoid valve, and the output end of the standby evaporator is connected to the input end of the third solenoid valve; The three-fluid heat exchanger includes a concentric inner tube, an outer tube and fins vertically fixed on the outer circumferential surface of the outer tube, the space inside the inner tube forms a first working medium channel, and the channel between the inner tube and the outer tube forms a second working medium channel; The heat pipe module is connected to the second working medium channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger, the mechanical cooling module is connected to the first working medium channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger, and the standby refrigeration module and the waste heat recovery module are both connected to the mechanical cooling module.

2. The data center heat pipe composite air conditioning system according to claim 1, Its characteristics are: The output ends of the first heat pipe evaporator, the second heat pipe evaporator and the third heat pipe evaporator in the heat pipe module are all connected to the input end of the second working fluid channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger, and the input end of the first liquid reservoir in the heat pipe module is connected to the output end of the second working fluid channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger; the input end of the one-way valve in the mechanical cooling module is connected to the output end of the first working fluid channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger, and the output end of the first solenoid valve in the mechanical cooling module is connected to the input end of the first working fluid channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger; the input end of the first control valve in the waste heat recovery module is connected to the second output end of the condenser, the output end of the second control valve is connected to the output end of the first check valve with flow control, the input end of the third control valve is connected to the output end of the first check valve with flow control, and the output end of the fourth control valve is connected to the output end of the second check valve with flow control; the input end of the second solenoid valve in the standby refrigeration module is connected to the output end of the fourth throttling device in the mechanical cooling module, and the output end of the third solenoid valve in the standby refrigeration module is connected to the output end of the one-way valve in the mechanical cooling module.

3. The data center heat pipe composite air conditioning system according to claim 1, Its characteristics are: The first heat pipe evaporator, the second heat pipe evaporator and the third heat pipe evaporator are fixedly installed in the cabinet in a top-down order, and the mechanical cooling module and the three-fluid heat exchanger are both installed outside the data center.

4. The data center heat pipe composite air conditioning system according to claim 1, Its characteristics are: The first control valve, the second control valve and the heating end form waste heat recovery at the heating end, and the third control valve, the fourth control valve, the plate heat exchanger and the heat storage device form heat storage waste heat recovery.

5. The data center heat pipe composite air conditioning system according to claim 1, Its characteristics are: The first working medium channel is a refrigerant flow channel used for mechanical refrigeration, and the refrigerant used for mechanical refrigeration is R134a; The second working medium channel is a refrigerant flow channel used for natural cooling of the heat pipe, and the refrigerant used for natural cooling of the heat pipe is carbon dioxide.

6. The method for operating the data center heat pipe composite air conditioning system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, Its characteristics are: Select the cooling mode according to the outdoor ambient temperature, including: A. If the outdoor ambient temperature is less than 12°C, start the first heat pipe evaporator, the second heat pipe evaporator, the third heat pipe evaporator, the fluorine pump and the three-fluid heat exchanger. The heat pipe module is connected to the second working medium channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger to form a natural cooling refrigeration circuit. The refrigerant exchanges heat with the cold air around the fin in the second working medium channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger and condenses. The condensed refrigerant in the second working medium channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger passes through the first liquid reservoir and the fluorine pump from its outlet in sequence, and then flows to the first throttling device, the second throttling device, and the third throttling device at the output end of the fluorine pump. Under the action of the fluorine pump, it flows to the output ends of the first heat pipe evaporator, the second heat pipe evaporator, and the third heat pipe evaporator to absorb the heat of the data center. The refrigerant after heat exchange flows back to the second working medium channel through the input end of the three-fluid heat exchanger and circulates in sequence. B. If the outdoor ambient temperature is greater than 12°C and less than 40°C, further open the one-way valve and the first solenoid valve, and start the gas-liquid separator, the compressor, the condenser, the first circulating pump, the air-cooled chiller, the second circulating pump, the first check valve with flow control and the second check valve with flow control; the heat pipe module is connected to the second working fluid channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger to form a natural cooling circuit, and the mechanical cooling module is connected to the first working fluid channel of the three-fluid heat exchanger to form a mechanical refrigeration circuit. The refrigerant in the first working fluid channel circulates through the one-way valve, the gas-liquid separator, the compressor, the condenser, the second liquid storage device, the fourth throttling device and the first solenoid valve, and the refrigerant in the first working fluid channel and the refrigerant in the second working fluid channel in the three-fluid heat exchanger exchange heat; at the same time, the refrigerant condensation in the first working fluid channel is adjusted by the first circulating pump, the air-cooled chiller, the second circulating pump, the first check valve with flow control, the second check valve with flow control and the condenser; C. If the outdoor ambient temperature is greater than 40°C, or the temperature of the first heat pipe evaporator, the second heat pipe evaporator or the third heat pipe evaporator is greater than 23°C, the standby evaporator, the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are further opened, and the evaporator heat pipe module, the mechanical cooling module and the standby refrigeration module with a temperature lower than 23°C form a loop, that is, the output end of the standby evaporator is connected to the third solenoid valve, the gas-liquid separator, the compressor, the condenser, the second liquid storage device, and the input end of the fourth throttling device in sequence, and the output end of the fourth throttling device is connected to the second solenoid valve, the fifth throttling device, and the input end of the standby evaporator in sequence, and heat exchange of the standby evaporator is achieved through the condenser.

7. The method for operating the heat pipe composite air conditioning system for a data center according to claim 6, Its characteristics are: It also includes: D. When the mechanical cooling module is turned on, the waste heat is recovered by one of the following three methods: The first method is to further open the first control valve and the second control valve, adjust the flow rate of the water output from the output end of the condenser into the heating end through the first control valve, and transfer the heat to the heating end to realize heating; The second method is to further open the third control valve and the fourth control valve, adjust the flow rate of the water output from the output end of the condenser into the heat storage device through the third control valve by the second check valve with flow control, and transfer the heat to the heat storage device to complete the heat storage; The third method: open the first control valve, the second control valve, the third control valve, and the fourth control valve, and respectively adjust the flow rate of the first check valve with flow control and the second check valve with flow control through the first control valve and the third control valve to allow the higher temperature water output from the output end of the condenser to flow into the heating end and the heat storage device, thereby transferring heat to the heating end and the heat storage device.

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