A Design Method for Component Layout of a Distributed Photovoltaic Power Station on the Roof of a Hot Rolling Mill

Abstract

The present application discloses a method for designing the layout of components of a rooftop distributed photovoltaic power station in a hot rolling mill. The method includes: 1) collecting data; 2) determining the roof area available for the layout of photovoltaic components; 3) rechecking and calculating the roof conditions; 4) according to the results of the rechecking and calculation, if the load meets the requirements, proceed to step 5), if the load does not meet the requirements, whether to carry out structural reinforcement for the project, if reinforcement measures are adopted, then proceed to step 5), if reinforcement measures are not adopted, it does not meet the construction conditions and the design ends; 5) determining the component layout area that meets the bearing of photovoltaic components and the installation conditions of roof tiles; 6) determining the area S2 for component layout; 7) on-site rechecking to determine the final available area; 8) component layout design; 9) evaluating the influence of the strong heat source radiation area of the hot rolling process on the roof component layout; 10) according to the evaluation results, determining whether the component layout design is completed. Thereby, the accuracy of the design and the convenience of construction and operation and maintenance are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of distributed photovoltaic power generation, and particularly to a method for designing the layout of components of a distributed photovoltaic power station on the roof of a hot rolling mill building. Background Art

[0002] Utilizing the existing roof resources of iron and steel enterprises to achieve an organic combination with the solar photovoltaic power generation system, realizing the full and reasonable utilization of resources, and creating new economic benefits for enterprises have important practical significance for the energy conservation and emission reduction work of iron and steel enterprises.

[0003] The components of the distributed photovoltaic power station on the roof of the hot rolling mill building of an iron and steel enterprise are arranged on the roof of the hot rolling mill building. The layout design of the components is easily affected by complex environmental conditions such as surrounding buildings, the structures on the roof itself, roof equipment, and hot rolling process conditions. Due to the particularity and complexity of the roof environment of the hot rolling mill building, it is easy to have insufficient design considerations, which directly leads to the inconsistency between the design and the actual site, a large deviation between the system power generation efficiency and the measured value, and problems such as rework, re - design, and inability to meet the design performance guarantee value. Currently, the component design of the distributed photovoltaic power station on the roof of the iron and steel enterprise factory building mostly relies on the design experience of conventional color steel tile roofs, without forming a standardized and systematic design method, and lacking a comprehensive understanding of the roof environment of the hot rolling mill building, especially not fully considering the thermal radiation of the heat source of the hot rolling process line on the layout of photovoltaic components. Currently, there is no complete and effective design method for the distributed photovoltaic power generation system on the roof of iron and steel enterprise factory buildings at home and abroad. Therefore, it is very important to propose a standardized and systematic design method to guide the layout design of components of the distributed photovoltaic power station on the roof of the hot rolling mill building. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a method for designing the layout of components of a distributed photovoltaic power station on the roof of a hot rolling mill building, which ensures the normal and efficient operation of the photovoltaic power generation system, improves the accuracy of the design, and maximizes the economy of the project, as well as the convenience of construction and operation and maintenance.

[0005] The present application provides a method for designing the layout of components of a distributed photovoltaic power station on the roof of a hot rolling mill building, including the following steps:

[0006] 1) According to the location of the project, collect historical data including drawings of the hot rolling mill building, solar resources, and meteorological and hydrological data;

[0007] 2) Determine the component form and installation method according to the historical data, and draw up the roof area S0 available for the layout of photovoltaic components;

[0008] 3) Check and calculate the roof conditions according to the area where photovoltaic components can be installed, the component installation method, load conditions, and meteorological conditions;

[0009] 4) According to the results of the review and verification in step 3), if the load meets the requirements, proceed to step 5); if the load does not meet the requirements, determine whether to carry out structural reinforcement for the project. If reinforcement measures are adopted, then proceed to step 5); if reinforcement measures are not adopted, it does not meet the construction conditions and the design ends.

[0010] 5) Determine the component layout area S1 that meets the conditions for photovoltaic module bearing and roofing tile installation.

[0011] 6) According to the general layout, architectural, structural, and technological data of the hot rolling plant, reduce the layout area S1 to determine the component layout area S2; the specific steps include:

[0012] 6A) According to the project's local orientation and the latitude of the location, calculate the shadow coefficient and shadow azimuth angle of the obstacles, and draw the shadow area.

[0013] 6B) According to the general layout drawing data, determine the positions and dimensions of the surrounding buildings and structures and the heating furnace chimney of the hot rolling plant, and draw the shadow area S 1-1 ;

[0014] 6C) According to the architectural drawing data, determine the dimensions of the roof ventilation skylights, parapets, fences of the hot rolling plant building and the height differences between the spans of each workshop, and draw the shadow area S 1-2 ;

[0015] 6D) According to the technological and structural drawing data, determine the dimensions and positions of the roof equipment, process pipelines, galleries, and exhaust pipes of the hot rolling plant building, and draw the shadow area S 1-3 ;

[0016] 6E) According to the architectural and structural drawing data, determine the positions of the roof ridges, gutters, and factory building expansion joints, and subtract this part of the area S when arranging the components. 1-4 ;

[0017] 7) Conduct on-site inspection to review the conditions of S2, check the current situation, and determine the final available area S3.

[0018] 8) Carry out component layout design according to the finally determined available area S3, including component arrangement, inverter arrangement, maintenance access, cable structures, etc.

[0019] 9) By analyzing the characteristic distribution of strong heat source radiation in the hot rolling production line, evaluate the adverse factors of the roof environmental temperature of the hot rolling plant building, and determine the influence of the strong heat source radiation area of the hot rolling process on the roof component layout.

[0020] 10) According to the evaluation results in step 9), if it meets the requirements for component operation conditions, complete the component layout design; otherwise, subtract the components that do not meet the component operation requirements, and complete the component layout design.

[0021] Optionally, the collection of the hot-rolling mill building drawing materials in step 1) includes: the general layout of the hot-rolling mill plant area, the general description of the structural design, the steel structure drawing of the roof system, the architectural design description, the roof plan, the elevation and section drawings of the building, the process layout drawing, the main electrical connection, the electrical room layout, and the cable channel layout.

[0022] Optionally, in step 2), according to the characteristics of the color steel tile roof of the hot-rolling mill building, climate characteristics, and solar radiation factors, single-sided framed modules are used, and the installation method is the flat laying method along the roof. The module installation brackets on the color steel tile roof mainly consist of fasteners such as clamps, guide rails, middle pressing blocks, edge pressing blocks, and bolts; the module installation brackets include at least two guide rails fixedly installed on the corrugations of the color steel tiles through color steel tile clamps, and the guide rails are perpendicular to the corrugations; the module layout adopts a longitudinal layout method, that is, the long side of the module is perpendicular to the guide rail and parallel to the corrugations of the color steel tiles.

[0023] Optionally, in step 3), the wind load, snow load, and temperature load are taken as the load values for a 50-year return period in the current national standard "Load Code for Building Structures" (GB50009-2012); the bearing capacity check and reinforcement calculation are carried out in accordance with the "Unified Standard for Reliability Design of Building Structures" (GB50068-2018); the roof color steel sheet tiles are checked in accordance with the "Technical Standard for Building Metal Maintenance System Engineering" (JGJ473-2019).

[0024] Optionally, in step 6A), the layout of the shaded area includes:

[0025] a) According to the obtained local latitude, the relative height of the object to the plane , and the shape of the object, zoning statistics are carried out. When performing shaded area analysis and calculation, the hour angle is taken according to the period from 9:00 am to 3:00 pm of the true solar time on the winter solstice in the Northern Hemisphere , the declination , and the time is the true solar time;

[0026] b) The formula for the shadow length of the object in the north-south direction is ,

[0027] In the formula: is the relative height of the object to the plane, is the calculated shadow coefficient, is the latitude of the project site, is the solar declination, is the local hour angle, that is, there is ;

[0028] c) The formula for the angle between the object shadow and the north-south direction is: , ;

[0029] In the formula, is the solar azimuth angle, is the solar altitude angle, is the latitude of the project site, is the solar declination, is the local hour angle;

[0030] That is, , ;

[0031] d) At one end of the object, draw the shadows at 9 am and 3 pm in the afternoon, which is the shadow area of this end point, and the time is true solar time;

[0032] e) Translate along the direction of the object to the other end of the object, and the swept area is the shadow area of the object.

[0033] Optionally, in step 6A), a photovoltaic simulation software is used to model the factory building roof to analyze the roof and determine the roof shadow area.

[0034] Optionally, the component layout area S2 determined in step 6) is S1 minus the areas of S 1-1 , S 1-2 , S 1-3 , S 1-4 , that is .

[0035] Optionally, in step 7), the consistency between the on-site conditions and the drawing materials is reviewed on-site. For the deviations, the impact is evaluated, and the component layout area is adjusted according to the review results to determine the available component layout area S3.

[0036] Optionally, in step 8), the component layout design follows the following principles:

[0037] a) Determine the parameters of the components and the inverter, calculate the maximum and minimum series numbers allowed for each string of components, and determine the specific series number of each string of components according to the component layout method;

[0038] b) The spacing between the components arranged side by side in each array is 0.02 m, the spacing of the maintenance channels between the arrays is not less than 0.2 m, the spacing of the inspection channels between the arrays is not less than 0.7 m, and the maintenance channels and inspection channels are arranged alternately;

[0039] c) When calculating the shadow area of the fence or parapet wall, when the height of the fence or parapet wall is lower than 1.2 m, a protective fence is installed, and the height from the installation top elevation to the roof is calculated according to 1.2 m;

[0040] d) When the edge of the daylighting belt is installed on the adjacent color steel corrugations, no component fixture is installed on this color steel corrugation, and the overhanging distance during component layout does not exceed 0.35 m;

[0041] e) The method of installing a grid walkway plate above the daylighting belt;

[0042] f) The roof components of the heating furnace are arranged at positions that avoid the shadow area generated by the muffler exhaust pipe and the shadow occlusion caused by the fog discharged from the exhaust pipe around. Taking the muffler exhaust pipe as the center, no components are arranged within a radius of 5 m;

[0043] g) The maintenance access is preferably set in the shadow area;

[0044] h) The main channel of the cable structure is arranged along the maintenance access, and the branch channels are determined according to the cable collection situation;

[0045] i) The inverters should be arranged on the south side walls and columns at positions with good ventilation and shading conditions. When there are no walls or columns at the installation position, the inverters are horizontally installed on the color steel tile roof.

[0046] Optionally, in step 9), analyze the characteristic distribution of the strong heat source radiation of the hot rolling production line, evaluate the adverse impact of the strong heat source radiation of the hot rolling process on the roof environmental temperature, and the component layout follows the following requirements:

[0047] a) The radiant heat in the raw material bay is concentrated on the stacking of continuous casting billets. The components should maintain a safe distance of not less than 3 m from the air louvers above it; on the side of the air louver end with a maintenance manhole, the distance from the component is not less than 1 m; on the side of the air louver end without a maintenance manhole, the distance from the component is not less than 0.7 m;

[0048] b) When the heating furnace is working, no components are arranged in the middle area of the heating furnace; the components should maintain a safe distance of not less than 2.5 m from the two sides of the air louvers above it; on the side of the air louver end with a maintenance manhole, the distance from the component is not less than 1 m; on the side of the air louver end without a maintenance manhole, the distance from the component is not less than 0.7 m;

[0049] c) The radiant heat in the main rolling bay is concentrated on the rolling line. The components arranged on both sides above the main rolling line should maintain a safe distance of not less than 5 m from the air louvers; on the side of the air louver end with a maintenance manhole, the distance from the component is not less than 1 m; on the side of the air louver end without a maintenance manhole, the distance from the component is not less than 0.7 m;

[0050] d) The radiant heat in the finished product bay is concentrated on the position where the hot rolled coils are stacked. The components should maintain a safe distance of not less than 2 m from the two sides of the air louvers above it; on the side of the air louver end with a maintenance manhole, the distance from the component is not less than 1 m; on the side of the air louver end without a maintenance manhole, the distance from the component is not less than 0.7 m.

[0051] The advantages of this application are as follows:

[0052] 1) This application proposes a standardized and highly systematic design method for the layout of components of a rooftop distributed photovoltaic power station in a hot rolling mill. This method has clear design ideas, is easy to operate, and has strong feasibility;

[0053] 2) This application fully combines local meteorological, hydrological, hot rolling mill plant data, and relevant power station construction requirements for component layout design. The shadow analysis in the component layout design fully considers various environmental factors of the hot rolling mill plant, and is suitable for the photovoltaic component design of different regional hot rolling mill rooftops, with wide applicability and pertinence;

[0054] 3) By analyzing the characteristic distribution of strong heat source radiation in the hot rolling production line, this application evaluates the adverse impact of strong heat source radiation in the hot rolling process on the roof environmental temperature, determines the principles that the component layout should follow, and improves the operation safety and reliability of components in the hot rolling mill plant;

[0055] 4) This application uses the finite element analysis of the component temperature field distribution characteristics, overcomes the drawback that the influence of the hot rolling process heat source cannot be considered in the conventional design, can truly reflect the temperature distribution of photovoltaic components on the hot rolling roof, provides a basis for the adjustment of temperature loss in the system efficiency calculation, and improves the design accuracy.

[0056] 5) In this application, the component layout design fully considers the coordinated layout of inverters, cable channels, and maintenance spaces, maximizing the economy of the project, and the convenience of construction and operation and maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] The following will make the technical solutions and other beneficial effects of this application obvious by describing the specific embodiments of this application in detail in conjunction with the drawings.

[0058] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the design method for the layout of components of a rooftop distributed photovoltaic power station in a hot rolling mill plant provided by an embodiment of this application.

[0059] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the rooftop layout of a hot rolling mill plant provided by an embodiment of this application.

[0060] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of components on the rooftop of a hot rolling mill plant provided by an embodiment of this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0061] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of this application.

[0062] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the said features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality of" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0063] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly stipulated and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection capable of mutual communication; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0064] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present application. To simplify the disclosure of the present application, the components and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present application. In addition, the present application may repeat reference numerals and / or reference letters in different examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity and does not itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the present application provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but those of ordinary skill in the art may be aware of the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0065] Now, in a common application scenario, the operation process of the design method of the present application will be described. It should be noted that this common implementation example cannot be used as the basis for determining the necessary features for understanding the technical problems claimed by the present application. It is merely a demonstration.

[0066] Taking a 3MWp rooftop photovoltaic distributed power station on the roof of a hot rolling mill in Guangxi as an example, the present application will be described.

[0067] Step 1) According to the information provided by Party A, determine the geographical location of the project site, obtain the drawing materials of the hot rolling mill building of this project, solar energy resources, and meteorological and hydrological data, and sort out the content required for the design, mainly including: general layout plan, general description of structural design, roof truss structure drawing, general building description, factory building drawing, roof layout drawing, etc.

[0068] In addition, it is necessary to clarify the profiles of all objects above the roof that are not reflected in the roof tile type and roof layout plan, including: the height of the object above the roof, the object size, shape, layout orientation positioning, and its cross-section information.

[0069] Step 2) Considering the photovoltaic power station layout area S0 comprehensively, including the billet bay, heating furnace bay, main rolling bay, and finished product bay, it is clarified that single-sided single-glass framed modules are adopted in this project. The modules are installed flat along the roof, and the total load of the modules together with the brackets is not greater than 20 kg / m 2 .

[0070] In addition, considering the characteristics of the large roof area and high building height of the hot rolling mill building, and it is a single-story structure. The inverter is considered to be installed on the roof, and the access point is located far away. To reduce cable loss and cable cost, a string inverter with an AC 800V output is adopted.

[0071] Step 3) Provide the preliminarily determined installable photovoltaic module area S0, module installation method and load conditions, and meteorological conditions to the structural and architectural specialties for roof condition review and calculation.

[0072] Step 4) According to the results of the structural and architectural reviews, the original design of the hot rolling mill building has considered the photovoltaic installation load, and the structural review shows that the roof loads meet the design requirements of the photovoltaic modules. The roof tile type meets the installation requirements. The roof tile is the angle purlin III type, which meets the photovoltaic design conditions and no reinforcement measures are required.

[0073] Step 5) Determine the module layout area S1 = S0 that meets the bearing capacity of the photovoltaic modules and the installation conditions of the roof tiles.

[0074] Step 6) According to the general layout, architectural, structural, and technological data conditions of the hot rolling mill building, reduce the layout area S1 to determine the area S2 for module layout;

[0075] According to the project location and the latitude of the location, calculate the shadow coefficient and shadow azimuth angle of the obstacle. The project location is in the northern hemisphere, and the latitude , the calculated shadow coefficient is , the solar altitude angle is , the solar azimuth angle is , the angle between the object shadow and the north-south direction is: , the angle between the object shadow and the east-west direction is: .

[0076] Analyze the situation around the plant building based on the general layout. The heights of the surrounding buildings are lower than that of the hot rolling plant building, and the heating furnace chimney blocks the heating furnace bay and the billet bay. Analyze the roof situation, and separately count the objects protruding above the roof of the billet bay, heating furnace bay, main rolling bay, and finished product bay of the hot rolling plant building. For the billet bay, the east, west, and south enclosures, ventilation louvers, and the north enclosure of the heating furnace bay need to be considered; for the heating furnace bay, the enclosures on the east and south sides, ventilation louvers, and the main rolling bay are considered as the blocking objects; for the main rolling bay, the enclosures on the east, west, and south sides and ventilation louvers need to be considered; for the finished product bay, the enclosures on the east, west, and south sides, ventilation louvers, and the west enclosure of the main rolling bay need to be considered.

[0077] And calculate the relative height of each object to the roof. The calculation formula for the shadow length of each object in the north-south direction is , through the obtained and draw the shadow area;

[0078] According to steps 6A) to 6D), draw the shadow area and the area where components cannot be arranged in sequence to obtain the component layout area .

[0079] Step 7) Conduct on-site inspection and review the consistency with the drawing layout. mainly review the actual dimensions and position information of the ventilation building, lighting belt, exhaust silencer pipe, and corridor, and check whether there are any objects protruding above the roof that are not shown in other drawings.

[0080] For example, the review result is as follows: The actual dimensions and construction methods of the louver are inconsistent with the original drawing, the position of the exhaust silencer pipe has been adjusted, and there is a cable corridor on the main rolling bay, which is not shown in the original drawing. Adjust the component layout area according to the review result.

[0081] Step 8) According to the available component layout area S3 determined in step 7), carry out component layout design, and simultaneously consider the design of inverters, cable trays, and maintenance channels. Follow the corresponding principles of component layout during the design.

[0082] Step 9) By analyzing the characteristic distribution of strong heat source radiation in the hot rolling production line, check the component layout to determine whether it meets the requirements of the safety distance. Delete and adjust the components that do not meet the requirements to complete the component layout design.

[0083] As described above, it is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A design method for component layout of a distributed photovoltaic power station on the roof of a hot rolling mill plant, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: 1) Collect historical data including hot-rolled mill building drawings, solar resources, and meteorological and hydrological data according to the location of the project; 2) Determine the component form and installation method based on the historical data, and draw up the roof area S0 available for the layout of photovoltaic modules; 3) Check and calculate the roof conditions according to the area where the photovoltaic modules are to be installed, the component installation method, the load conditions, and the meteorological conditions; 4) According to the results of the check and calculation in step 3), if the load meets the requirements, proceed to step 5); if the load does not meet the requirements, determine whether to carry out structural reinforcement for the project. If reinforcement measures are adopted, then proceed to step 5); if reinforcement measures are not adopted, it does not meet the construction conditions and the design ends; 5) Determine the component layout area S1 that meets the conditions for the load-bearing of photovoltaic modules and the installation of roof tiles; 6) According to the general layout of the hot-rolled mill, architectural, structural, and technological data conditions, reduce the layout area S1 to determine the area S2 for component layout. The specific steps include: 6A) Calculate the shadow coefficient and shadow azimuth angle of the obstacles according to the orientation of the project site and the latitude of the location, and draw the shadow area; In step 6A), the drawing of the shadow area includes: a) According to the obtained local latitude, the relative height of the object with respect to the plane , and the shape of the object for zonal statistics. When performing shadow analysis and calculation, the hour angle is taken according to the period from 9:00 am to 3:00 pm of the true solar time on the winter solstice in the Northern Hemisphere , and the declination . The time mentioned is the true solar time; b) The calculation formula for the shadow length of an object in the north-south direction is , In the formula: is the relative height of the object with respect to the plane, is the calculated shadow coefficient, is the latitude of the project site, is the solar declination, is the local hour angle; That is ; c) The calculation formula for the angle between the object shadow and the north-south direction is: , ; Wherein, is the solar azimuth angle, is the solar altitude angle, is the latitude of the project site, is the solar declination, is the local hour angle; That is , ; d) At one end of the object, draw the shadow at 9 am and 3 pm, which is the shadow area of this end point. The time is true solar time; e) Translate along the direction of the object to the other end of the object, and the swept area is the shadow area of the object; 6B) Determine the locations and dimensions of the surrounding buildings and structures and the heating furnace chimney of the hot rolling mill according to the general layout drawing data, and draw the shaded area S 1-1 ; 6C) Determine the sizes of the roof ventilation skylights, parapets, and fences of the hot rolling mill building, as well as the height differences between the various bays of the building, based on the construction drawing data, and draw the shaded area S 1-2 ; 6D) Determine the dimensions and locations of the roofing equipment, process pipelines, galleries, and exhaust pipes in the hot rolling mill building based on the process and structural drawing materials, and draw the shaded area S 1-3 ; 6E) Determine the positions of the roof ridges, gutters, and factory expansion joints according to the architectural and structural drawing materials, and subtract this part of the area S when arranging the components. 1-4 ; 7) Conduct on-site inspection to review the conditions of S2, check the current situation, and determine the final available area S3; 8) Carry out component layout design according to the finally determined available area S3, including component arrangement, inverter arrangement, maintenance access, cable structures, etc.; 9) Evaluate the adverse factors of the roof environmental temperature of the hot-rolled mill by analyzing the characteristic distribution of the strong heat source radiation of the hot-rolled production line, and determine the influence of the strong heat source radiation area of the hot-rolled process on the roof component layout; 10) According to the evaluation results in step 9), if the component operation conditions are met, complete the component layout design; otherwise, subtract the components that do not meet the component operation requirements in this part and complete the component layout design.

2. A method for designing the layout of components of a distributed photovoltaic power station on the roof of a hot rolling mill plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1), the collection of hot-rolled mill building drawings includes: general layout of the hot-rolled mill area, general structural design description, roof system steel structure drawings, architectural design description, roof plan, building elevation and section drawings, process layout drawings, main electrical connection, electrical room layout, and cable channel layout.

3. A method for designing the layout of components of a distributed photovoltaic power station on the roof of a hot rolling mill plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2), according to the characteristics of the color steel tile roof of the hot-rolled mill, climatic characteristics, and solar radiation factors, single-sided framed components are used, and the installation method is to lay them flat along the roof. The component installation brackets on the color steel tile roof mainly consist of fixtures, guide rails, middle pressure blocks, edge pressure blocks, and bolts and other fasteners; the component installation brackets include at least two guide rails fixedly installed on the color steel tile corrugations through color steel tile fixtures, and the guide rails are perpendicular to the corrugations; the component layout adopts a longitudinal layout method, that is, the long side of the component is perpendicular to the guide rail and parallel to the color steel tile corrugations.

4. A method for designing the layout of components of a distributed rooftop PV power station in a hot rolling mill plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3), the wind load, snow load and temperature load are taken as the load values for a once-in-50-year occurrence in the current national standard "Code for Loads on Building Structures" (GB50009-2012); the bearing capacity check and reinforcement calculation are carried out in accordance with the "Unified Standard for Reliability Design of Building Structures" (GB50068-2018); and the color steel roof tiles of the roof are checked in accordance with the "Technical Standard for Building Metal Maintenance System Engineering" (JGJ473-2019).

5. A method for designing the layout of components of a distributed photovoltaic power station on the roof of a hot rolling mill plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 6A), a photovoltaic simulation software is used to model the factory building roof to analyze the roof and determine the roof shadow area.

6. A method for designing the layout of components of a distributed photovoltaic power station on the roof of a hot rolling mill building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The component layout area S2 determined in step 6) is S1 minus S 1-1 , S 1-2 , S 1-3 , S 1-4 areas, that is .

7. A method for designing the layout of components of a distributed photovoltaic power station on the roof of a hot rolling plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 7), the consistency between the on-site conditions during the on-site inspection and the drawing materials is rechecked. For the deviations found, the impact situation is evaluated, and the component layout area is adjusted according to the recheck situation to determine the available component layout area S3.

8. A method for designing the layout of components of a distributed photovoltaic power station on the roof of a hot rolling mill plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 8), the component layout design follows the following principles: a) Determine the parameters of the components and inverters, calculate the maximum and minimum allowable number of series-connected components in each string, and determine the specific number of series-connected components in each string according to the component layout method; b) The spacing between the components arranged side by side in each array is 0.02 m, the spacing of the maintenance channels between the arrays is not less than 0.2 m, the spacing of the inspection channels between the arrays is not less than 0.7 m, and the maintenance channels and inspection channels are arranged alternately; c) When calculating the shadow area of the fence or parapet wall, when the height of the fence or parapet wall is lower than 1.2 m, a protective fence is installed, and the height from the installation top elevation to the roof is calculated according to 1.2 m; d) When the edge of the daylighting belt is installed on the adjacent color steel corrugation, no component fixture is installed on this color steel corrugation, and the overhanging distance during component layout does not exceed 0.35 m; e) The method of installing a grid walkway board above the daylighting belt; f) The components on the heating furnace roof are arranged to avoid the shadow area generated by the muffler exhaust pipe and the shadow occlusion generated by the mist discharged from the exhaust pipe around. Taking the muffler exhaust pipe as the center, no components are arranged within a radius of 5 m; g) The inspection and maintenance channels are preferably set in the shadow area; h) The main channel of the cable structure is arranged along the inspection and maintenance channel, and the branch channels are determined according to the cable collection situation; i) The inverter is preferably arranged on the south side wall and column at a position with good ventilation and shading conditions. When there is no wall or column at the installation position, the inverter is installed horizontally on the color steel roof.

9. A design method for component layout of a distributed rooftop PV power station in a hot rolling mill building according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 9), analyze the characteristic distribution of the strong heat source radiation of the hot rolling production line, evaluate the adverse impact of the strong heat source radiation of the hot rolling process on the roof environmental temperature, and the component layout follows the following requirements: a) The radiant heat in the raw material bay is concentrated on the stacking of continuous casting billets. The components should maintain a safe distance of not less than 3 m from the air louvers above it; on the side of the air louver end with a maintenance manhole, the distance from the components is not less than 1 m; on the side of the air louver end without a maintenance manhole, the distance from the components is not less than 0.7 m; b) When the heating furnace is working, no components are arranged in the middle area of the heating furnace; the components should maintain a safe distance of not less than 2.5 m from both sides of the air louvers above it; on the side of the air louver end with a maintenance manhole, the distance from the components is not less than 1 m; on the side of the air louver end without a maintenance manhole, the distance from the components is not less than 0.7 m; c) The radiant heat in the main rolling span is concentrated on the rolling line. A safety distance of not less than 5 m shall be maintained between the components arranged on both sides above the main rolling line and the air louvers; on the side of the air louver end with a maintenance manhole, the distance from the components shall be not less than 1 m; on the side of the air louver end without a maintenance manhole, the distance from the components shall be not less than 0.7 m. d) The radiant heat in the finished product span is concentrated at the position where the hot-rolled coils are stacked. A safety distance of not less than 2 m shall be maintained between the components above it and both sides of the air louvers; on the side of the air louver end with a maintenance manhole, the distance from the components shall be not less than 1 m; on the side of the air louver end without a maintenance manhole, the distance from the components shall be not less than 0.7 m.

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